Esta tesis busca mostrar los matices en torno a la defensa del idioma español en las Filipinas durante la década de 1920. Al estudiar a la prensa en lengua española, inglesa y tagala, emergen las múltiples valencias que la defensa del español tuvo frente a la creciente hegemonía de la lengua inglesa. Lejos de ser un bloque monolítico, aquellos que escogieron el bando del español lo hicieron desde perspectivas muy diferentes—incluso opuestas. Para parte de esta élite hispanohablante, el español era una lengua que los conectaba con el pasado, algo que evocaba una nostalgia colonial por el periodo en que estuvieron en la cima de la pirámide social—aparte de los españoles mismos, claro está. Como una forma de resistencia contra el colonialismo estadounidense, el prestigio de la cultura española fue contrastada con la vulgaridad de los “invasores anglosajones”. Sin embargo, este tipo de pensamiento coexistió con una actitud más progresista que caracterizó a otra parte de la élite letrada, una alineada con valores republicanos. Para ellos, la preservación de la lengua española no giraba en torno a conservar vínculos con el pasado colonial, sino buscaba construir vínculos con las repúblicas hispanohablantes de América Latina, con cuya solidaridad se contaría para alcanzar un futuro independiente y libre del colonialismo estadounidense. Asimismo, la relación entre hispanohablantes y angloparlantes siguió siendo complicada durante este periodo, en el cual los filipinos hispanohablantes usaron esta lengua como una marca de distinción no solo entre ellos y las autoridades coloniales estadounidenses, sino también con las masas crecientes de filipinos con movilidad social ascendente, quienes habían recibido una educación pública en inglés y que crecientemente tomaban puestos de clase media en las ciudades. En general, esta tesis encuentra las complejidades que rodean al idioma español durante este periodo y muestra cómo su uso podía ser multivalente. / This thesis seeks to bring out the nuances surrounding the defense of the Spanish language in the Philippines in the 1920s. By studying the Spanish-, English-, and Tagalog-language press, the multiple valences that the defense of the use of Spanish in the face of growing English language hegemony emerge. Far from being a monolithic bloc, those who chose the side of Spanish did so from very different—even opposing—viewpoints. For part of this literate, Spanish-speaking élite, the Spanish language was a bridge connecting them to the past, evoking a colonial nostalgia for the period in which they stood atop the social pyramid—barring the Spaniards themselves, of course. As a means of resistance to American empire, the prestige of Spanish culture was contrasted with the crassness of the “Anglo-Saxon invaders.” However, this kind of thinking coexisted with a forward-looking attitude among another part of the literate élite, one that was aligned with republican values. For them, the preservation of the Spanish language was thus not a matter of preserving links to a colonial past, but rather of building links with the Spanish-speaking republics of Latin America, to count on their solidarity to achieve an independent future free from American empire. Furthermore, the relationship between Spanish-speakers and English-speakers continued to be complicated during this period, with élite Spanish-speaking Filipinos using this language as a mark of distinction not only between themselves and the American colonial authorities, but also the growing masses of upwardly mobile Filipinos who had obtained an English-language public education and were increasingly occupying middle-class jobs in the cities. In general, this thesis finds the complexities surrounding the Spanish language during this period and shows how its deployment could be multivalent. This thesis seeks to bring out the nuances surrounding the defense of the Spanish language in the Philippines in the 1920s. By studying the Spanish-, English-, and Tagalog-language press, the multiple valences that the defense of the use of Spanish in the face of growing English language hegemony emerge. Far from being a monolithic bloc, those who chose the side of Spanish did so from very different—even opposing—viewpoints. For part of this literate, Spanish-speaking élite, the Spanish language was a bridge connecting them to the past, evoking a colonial nostalgia for the period in which they stood atop the social pyramid—barring the Spaniards themselves, of course. As a means of resistance to American empire, the prestige of Spanish culture was contrasted with the crassness of the “Anglo-Saxon invaders.” However, this kind of thinking coexisted with a forward-looking attitude among another part of the literate élite, one that was aligned with republican values. For them, the preservation of the Spanish language was thus not a matter of preserving links to a colonial past, but rather of building links with the Spanish-speaking republics of Latin America, to count on their solidarity to achieve an independent future free from American empire. Furthermore, the relationship between Spanish-speakers and English-speakers continued to be complicated during this period, with élite Spanish-speaking Filipinos using this language as a mark of distinction not only between themselves and the American colonial authorities, but also the growing masses of upwardly mobile Filipinos who had obtained an English-language public education and were increasingly occupying middle-class jobs in the cities. In general, this thesis finds the complexities surrounding the Spanish language during this period and shows how its deployment could be multivalent.

Submitted by Rodolfo Lorenzo Pablo Madrid (rolf.madrid@gmail.com) on 2014-04-03T15:50:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV thesis final.pdf: 2999582 bytes, checksum: 3f6ab63676a6403336259f0fa27c70af (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Luiza Holme (ana.holme@fgv.br) on 2014-04-03T15:56:46Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV thesis final.pdf: 2999582 bytes, checksum: 3f6ab63676a6403336259f0fa27c70af (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-04-03T16:01:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FGV thesis final.pdf: 2999582 bytes, checksum: 3f6ab63676a6403336259f0fa27c70af (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-22 / A popularidade e o interesse em microsseguro, especialmente nos países em desenvolvimento, tem aumentado nos últimos anos. Parte do sucesso se deve às inovações desenvolvidas principalmente para a indústria de microsseguros, que é bastante diferente do seguro tradicional. No entanto, há pouca informação sobre o impacto real dessas inovações em termos de aumento da demanda por microsseguro. Este estudo investiga quais as inovações de fato ajudaram a aumentar a demanda de microsseguros. Um método de estudo de caso qualitativo é aplicado sobre a MicroEnsure Filipinas , uma das empresas de microsseguro de maior sucesso no país. Os resultados mostram que as inovações precisam ser implementadas em vários aspectos de uma empresa de microsseguros para que elas sejam um meio eficaz de aumentar a demanda por microsseguro. As descobertas podem apoiar os gestores de microsseguros e formuladores de políticas na tomada de medidas para a criação de inovações de microsseguros benéficas em toda a Filipinas.

El presente trabajo, es un estudio que busca identificar los factores que determinan el incremento de las importaciones de conservas de atún grated Floridad desde Filipinas al Perú a partir de la experiencia de la Empresa Yichang CIA S.A durante los años 2015-2016. En el primer capítulo, incluimos aspectos relacionados al atún como clases, características, desplazamiento, extracción y beneficios de la conserva. Además, se analiza el marco jurídico que son los procedimientos y exigencias que regulan las importaciones desde Filipinas a Perú. Se cierra con un estudio de la organización empresarial revisando las fuerzas y tendencias propias del mercado que le permite un mayor crecimiento del producto importado desde la experiencia de Yichang CIA S.A En el segundo capítulo, corresponde al marco metodológico donde se plantea el propósito y tipo de investigación cualitativa, además se usa preguntas semiestructuradas para realizar las entrevistas y recoger información pertinente y necesaria para la investigación. El tercer capítulo, presenta un análisis cualitativo de los datos de la entrevista donde se usa las categorías y segmentos para para analizar la información. En el cuarto capítulo, se discute los resultados donde se detalla los hallazgos, barreras y brechas propias de la investigación. Finalmente, se presenta las conclusiones de la investigación en función a las hipótesis planteadas en la investigación. Cerrando con recomendaciones propia del tema planteado. / The present work is a study that seeks to identify the factors that determine the increase of Florida canned grated tuna imports from the Philippines to Peru and from the experience of CIA S.A. Yichang Company between 2015 and 2016. In the first chapter, we include aspects related to tuna such as kinds, characteristics, displacement, extraction and benefits of canned grated tuna. In addition, it analyzes the legal framework that are the procedures and requirements that regulate imports from the Philippines to Peru. It closes up with a study of the business organization by revising the forces and tendencies of the market that allows a greater growth of the imported product from the experience of Yichang CIA S.A In the second chapter, it refers to the methodological framework where the purpose and type of qualitative research are proposed, as well as some semi structured questions are used to carry out the interviews and to collect suitable and necessary information for this investigation. The third chapter presents a qualitative analysis of the interview data where categories and segments are used to analyze information. In the fourth chapter, we discuss the results that show details on the findings, barriers and gaps of the research. Finally, the conclusions of the research related to the hypotheses, raised in the investigation, are presented. Closing up with recommendations based on the topic presented.

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The concept of colonial schadenfreude is proposed as a lens to understand the positively gleeful coverage of Russian defeats during the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) as it appeared in two key periodical publications in the Philippines and Indonesia, El Renacimiento/Muling Pagsilang and Bintang Hindia. This affective state differs from the more traditional, individual manifestation thereof inasmuch as it emerges from the colonial condition itself. The chronic threats to the self-image of the colonized drive them to feel pleasure at the misfortune of a group that may be identified with their own colonizers, thus triggering schadenfreude. But unlike the undesirability of conventional schadenfreude due to its perceived maliciousness, colonial schadenfreude is a liberating affect, as it fosters the imagining of a future free from the colonial condition. / Se propone el concepto de schadenfreude colonial para comprender la jubilosa cobertura de las derrotas rusas ocurridas en el transcurso de la guerra ruso-japonesa (1904-1905) tal como aparece en dos publicaciones periódicas clave en Filipinas e Indonesia, El Renacimiento/Muling Pagsilang y Bintang Hindia. Este estado afectivo difiere de su manifestación más tradicional e individual en cuanto a que emerge de la condición colonial misma. Las amenazas crónicas a la autoimagen del colonizado lo lleva a sentir placer ante la desgracia de un grupo que puede ser identificado con sus colonizadores, lo cual lleva a la schadenfreude. Pero a diferencia de lo indeseable que resulta la schadenfreude colonial debido a la malicia con que se le asocia, la schadenfreude colonial es un estado afectivo liberador, ya que ayuda a imaginar un futuro libre de la condición colonial. / Tesis

Orientador: Anselmo Luís dos Santos / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-18T17:23:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GorospeIbuan_Julie_M.pdf: 1076088 bytes, checksum: ef02f878c4c8a319c422f6656a5b3638 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010 / Resumo: A flexibilização das regras de proteção social do trabalho, uma das expressões do movimento mais geral do capitalismo em sua feição neoliberal, iniciou seu processo de institucionalização nas Filipinas a partir de 1990. Esse é o marco de um processo por meio do qual as Filipinas vêm progressivamente abandonando suas aclamadas políticas trabalhistas informadas pelo princípio de proteção aos trabalhadores, na incansável busca para alcançar a competitividade internacional segundo prescrita pelo ideário Neoliberal. A Nação Filipina, necessitando atrair investimentos externos diretos, tem sido vulnerável às pressões das forças neoliberais e das finanças, lideradas por agentes não estatais como o Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI), o Banco Mundial, BID, e as corporações transnacionais. Inspirada nessas forças, vem promovendo reformas estruturais que incluem: ajuste nas políticas econômicas e sociais, reformas trabalhistas, desregulamentação de indústrias tradicionalmente protegidas, privatização de estatais e flexibilização do mercado de trabalho. Nesse cenário, empregadores fazem uso da flexibilização de várias formas, impactando a remuneração e as horas de trabalho, o leque da proteção social, as formas de contratação e a organização dos trabalhadores, em meio à indução de massiva migração de trabalhadores do setor formal para o informal. Cada vez mais o mercado de trabalho filipino se desestrutura, expondo os trabalhadores à precarização, ao subemprego e ao desemprego, num cenário de grandes inseguranças. O presente trabalho analisa a regulação social do trabalho filipina no período de 1990-2009 mostrando como a onda liberal tem impactado o mundo do trabalho, o Judiciário, com reflexos no seu até então tradicional viés protetor, bem como a constituição das políticas sociais e a regulação pública do trabalho. Ainda, busca desnudar o mito de que a flexibilização do mercado e das normas de proteção ao trabalho é um antídoto ao desemprego, garantindo e maior participação da força de trabalho e melhor estruturação do mercado de trabalho. Para tanto, apresenta um balanço das políticas filipinas voltadas ao trabalho, das leis trabalhistas flexibilizadoras e das algumas decisões do Judiciário em casos relacionados ao tema / Abstract: Labor flexibilization, one of the expressions of capitalism general movement in the era of neoliberalism, has become institutionalized in the Philippines from 1990 onwards. The Philippines has steadily abandoned its once acclaimed pro-worker labor policies, in its quest to achieve the international competitiveness prescribed by neoliberalists. The Philippines, desperate for foreign direct investments, has been vulnerable to pressure from the forces of neoliberalism and finacialization led by non-state actors like the International Monetary Fund, the World Bank and transnational corporations. Thus, the Philippines has adopted structural reforms prescribed by these forces. These reforms include the amendment of key economic and labor laws and policies, the deregulation of once protected industries, the privatization of state enterprises and assets, and the flexibilization of the labor market. As a result, employers resort to flexibilization in its various forms, impacting on working hours remuneration, social protection, ways of contracting, unionization and security of tenure, and inducing a massive migration of workers from the formal to the informal sector. More and more workers have become exposed to precarization, underemployment, and unemployment. In this study of the Philippine situation during the period 1990-2008, the author discusses how, against this tide, the judiciary?s sympathy for workers is being reduced by neoliberalist laws and flexibilization policies. The neoliberalist myth that labor flexibilization guarantees higher participation of the labor force as an antidote to massive unemployment is thus exposed, mainly through the author?s enumeration of new laws and policies as well as judiciary decided cases / Mestrado / Economia Social e do Trabalho / Mestre em Desenvolvimento Econômico

xx, 471 p. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / This dissertation examines the experiences of Filipina migrant domestic and care workers and the role of the state in the Global South-Global North transfer of reproductive labor. On the one hand, Western countries currently face a "care void" resulting from women's entry in the workforce, aging populations, and limited state support, among other factors. On the other hand, countries in the Global South have gone through decades of economic restructuring. This has resulted in the perpetuation of economic crisis, high unemployment rates, and massive out-migration. In the past two decades, these migration flows have become increasingly feminized. Women from the South move to semi-industrialized and industrialized countries and take jobs as domestic and care workers. Given this scenario, the overall question that guides my analysis is, how do states regulate the South-North transfer of reproductive labor? Particularly, how do the Philippine, Spanish, and U.S. governments shape this transfer through their migration and labor laws? How do Spain and the United States regulate the immigration and reproductive labor of Filipino women? And how do these two receiving countries of reproductive labor, resemble or differ from each other in all these tasks? My goal is to contribute to a growing scholarship that studies government regulation of female migration. I do this by examining Filipinas' out-migration, their arrival in the United States and Spain, and their labor as care givers and domestic workers in the San Francisco Bay Area and Barcelona. Although work on the intersection of gender and the state is growing, there is a need to further analyze the gender factors, components, and consequences of the regulation of migrant labor in the Philippines, the United States and Spain. The methods I use in this study include in-depth interviews with Filipino women, government employees and officials, and representatives from migrant workers' organizations, among other subjects, in the three countries. I also conduct participant observation in the three research sites and analyze multiple documents such as legislation, newspaper articles, and migrant workers' organizations newsletters. / Adviser: Linda Fuller

The concept of colonial schadenfreude is proposed as a lens to understand the positively gleeful coverage of Russian defeats during the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) as it appeared in two key periodical publications in the Philippines and Indonesia, El Renacimiento/Muling Pagsilang and Bintang Hindia. This affective state differs from the more traditional, individual manifestation thereof inasmuch as it emerges from the colonial condition itself. The chronic threats to the self-image of the colonized drive them to feel pleasure at the misfortune of a group that may be identified with their own colonizers, thus triggering schadenfreude. But unlike the undesirability of conventional schadenfreude due to its perceived maliciousness, colonial schadenfreude is a liberating affect, as it fosters the imagining of a future free from the colonial condition. / Se propone el concepto de schadenfreude colonial para comprender la jubilosa cobertura de las derrotas rusas ocurridas en el transcurso de la guerra ruso-japonesa (1904-1905) tal como aparece en dos publicaciones periódicas clave en Filipinas e Indonesia, El Renacimiento/Muling Pagsilang y Bintang Hindia. Este estado afectivo difiere de su manifestación más tradicional e individual en cuanto a que emerge de la condición colonial misma. Las amenazas crónicas a la autoimagen del colonizado lo lleva a sentir placer ante la desgracia de un grupo que puede ser identificado con sus colonizadores, lo cual lleva a la schadenfreude. Pero a diferencia de lo indeseable que resulta la schadenfreude colonial debido a la malicia con que se le asocia, la schadenfreude colonial es un estado afectivo liberador, ya que ayuda a imaginar un futuro libre de la condición colonial.

Submitted by Monique Marques Nogueira Lima (monimnl@hotmail.com) on 2017-04-06T20:47:22Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Versão final dissertação - Monique Marques N. Lima.pdf: 1929858 bytes, checksum: bea8884e45deb29b97b85e34e24c7383 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luiz Galeffi (luizgaleffi@gmail.com) on 2017-04-12T20:04:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_mmm_me_fran.pdf: 1929858 bytes, checksum: bea8884e45deb29b97b85e34e24c7383 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-12T20:04:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lima_mmm_me_fran.pdf: 1929858 bytes, checksum: bea8884e45deb29b97b85e34e24c7383 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-09 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Os Regimentos da Inquisição ˗ fontes legislativas destinadas à regulação do Tribunal do Santo Ofício ˗ configuraram-se como referências fundamentais para a compreensão da instituição. Nos domínios portugueses, esses textos passaram por quatro atualizações principais que acabaram por cobrir um período de mais de três séculos (1552, 1613, 1640 e 1774). Com contribuições significativas para a ordenação da sociedade, as versões de 1613 e 1640 tornaram-se as compilações mais detalhadas, resultado da crescente importância do documento e da sofisticação jurídica do Tribunal. As Ordenações do Reino de Portugal ˗ código de leis da justiça secular inspirado nos textos jurídicos romanos ˗ representaram, desde o reinado de D. Afonso V, a mais importante fonte de regras e normas que também ordenavam a sociedade lusa. Em especial, as Ordenações Filipinas, de 1603, seguindo suas antecessoras, transformaram-se no principal parâmetro organizador da justiça entre os coetâneos. Embora distintos em termos de jurisdição e alcance, como ponto em comum, os dois documentos apresentam elementos importantes ao entendimento da noção de ordem, aspecto típico do período e base da estruturação das hierarquias sociais portuguesas. Como resultado do exame realizado sobre as duas compilações de leis, o presente trabalho busca compreender as relações estabelecidas entre as justiças inquisitorial e secular em Portugal e seus domínios, com especial atenção aos mecanismos de funcionamento; à composição dos quadros dos tribunais e as qualidades exigidas; às regras de conduta estabelecidas e, principalmente, aos dispositivos manejados no esforço de manutenção da desigualdade natural que norteava a vida dos contemporâneos. A partir da análise do conjunto dessas documentações, da legislação extravagante e da narrativa de alguns casos exemplares, esse estudo pretende colaborar com a compreensão dos pontos de contato e afastamento que formavam as principais fontes de lei da Igreja e do Rei no mundo luso brasileiro dos seiscentos. / The Regiments of the Inquisition ˗ legislative sources for the regulation of the Holy Office ˗ was configured as basic references for understanding the institution. In the Portuguese dominions, these texts have undergone four major updates that cover a period of more than three centuries (1552, 1613, 1640 and 1774). With significant contributions to the ordering of society, the versions of 1613 and 1640 became the most comprehensive compilations, result of the growing importance of the document and legal sophistication of the Court. The Ordinances of the Kingdom of Portugal ˗ code of laws of secular justice inspired by the Roman legal texts ˗ represented, since the reign of King Afonso V, the most important source of rules and regulations that also ordered the Portuguese society. In particular, the Philippine Ordinances, enacted in 1603, following their predecessors, have become the main organizer parameter of justice among the coeval. Although different in terms of jurisdiction and scope, as a point in common, the two documents had important elements to the understanding of the notion of order, typical aspect of the period and base of the structure of the portuguese social hierarchies. As a result of the examination on the two compilations of laws, this study seeks to understand the relations between the inquisitorial and secular justice in Portugal and its fields, with particular attention to the operational mechanisms; the composition of the courts and the required qualities of their members; the established rules of conduct and especially the managed devices of the natural inequality maintenance effort that guided the lives of contemporaries. From the analysis of all these documentations, from the extravagant law and from the narrative of some exemplary cases, this study aims to contribute to the understanding of the points of contact and distance that formed the main sources of law of the Church and of the King in brazilian portuguese world in six hundred.