This thesis explores the sexual division of labour in three worksites associated with the Western Australian Fishing industry: fishers' households, a seafood processing company and fishing vessels. There has been no previous substantial study of the labour of women in Australian fishing industries. My research has been primarily undertaken by interviewing women and men who work in the Western Australian fishing industry, and my findings are presented through a comparison with overseas literature relative to each site. As I found, in the households of fishermen, women do unpaid and undervalued labour which includes servicing men and children; managing household finances and operating fishing enterprises. In seafood processing companies women are allocated the lowest paid and least rewarding work which is regarded as "women's work". On-the factory floor issues of class, race/ ethnicity and gender intersect so that the majority of women employed in hands-on processing work are migrant women froma non-English speaking background. The majority of women who work at sea are cook/ deckhands who are confronted by a rigid sexual division of labour, and work in a hyper-masculine workplace. The few other women who have found a niche which enables them to enjoy an outdoor lifestyle while they earn their own living, are those who work as autonomous independent small boat fishers. In each site there is evidence that women, individually and collectively, exercise some power in determining how and where they work, but they remain marginalised from the more lucrative sites of the industry, and have limited access to economic and social power.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2002. / "September 2002." Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-207). Also available online in PDF format via the NOAA Coastal Services Center home page.

Thesis (Ph.D.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2001. / Restricted until November 2002. Bibliography: leaves [231]-250.

Thesis (M.M.S.)--Memorial University of Newfoundland, 2004. / Restricted until May 2005. Includes bibliographical references.

No description available.

Fishers are among the biggest commercial resource users in the marine environment. In order to meet international, national and local policies, the UK has to designate a suite of marine protected areas (MPAs) and reach marine renewable energy (MRE) targets. Inevitably, there will be conflict between these two industries and marine conservation. This study uses a multi-disciplinary approach to examine evaluate the suitability of various sources of data, which could be used to detect, assess, and ultimately predict, fishing effort displacement within the different sectors of the > 15 m fleet in the South West of the UK. Gear-specific Vessel Monitoring System (VMS) data from 2005-2008 was used to assess potential effort displacement due to Haig Fras, a proposed MPA and Wave Hub, a marine renewable energy installation (MREI). The spatial distribution of fishing activity was highly heterogeneous and distinct areas of intense fishing could be identified for all gear-types. A closure of Haig Fras would have the greatest impact on gillnetters. Scallop dredgers also occasionally use the area. The current closure at Wave Hub has the greatest impact on potters and whelkers whose geographic specialisation is most pronounced and who use the area extensively. Longliners also use the area disproportionately would be affected. A simple index of variability was developed in order to determine baselines and two other sources of data were used. High resolution seabed data and low resolution catch data. A semi structured interview was conducted with forty fishers to elicit further information on the challenges, barriers to progress and priority issues in relation to MRE those fishers face. The theme of discontent with the consultation process scored highly throughout. Fishers’ Knowledge (FK) another source of data also scored highly, although further work must be carried out to identify what aspects of this data are useful in assessment of fishing effort displacement.

The central object of the research are the social representations of coastal fishermen on the changes in the environment, accompanied during the life trajectory of each individual research participant. It is the identification of concepts, ideas and images shared by fishermen about the changes in the local environment, primarily the river São Francisco and the analysis of the presence and influence of the life histories of coastal fishermen in the construction of such concepts, ideas and images shared. Participated in this study twenty fishermen aged between twenty-five and sixty-five years. The research was based on qualitative ethnography. The main instruments of data collection were the oral stories of life, and semi-structured interviews or focus group par. The results of this research highlight the value of life histories and the set of experience knowledge as sources of seminal readings on broader social issues, in particular to the field of interdisciplinary studies on development and the environment. In this situation, one can say that social representations of fishermen about the environment are intertwined in the cultural practice that originate, own express dynamism and strength of belonging, as well as consolidate the expression of identities-their singularities, without it them identical to each other, but authors of their own life stories, shared by the notion of community to which they belong. Social representations made explicit during the research for the dominance of shared beliefs about the legendary universe, the 'stories of fisherman' which effectively gave the characterization of the group understands the importance of them in their culture existential tensions experienced as denial-sharing , worldliness, sacredness, life-death, from-reach, change-reunion stay at São Francisco River with the life stories of fisherman. / O objeto central da pesquisasão as representações sociais dos pescadores ribeirinhos sobre as mudanças ocorridas no meio ambiente, acompanhadas durante a trajetória de vida de cada sujeito participante da pesquisa. Trata-se da identificação de conceitos, ideias e imagens partilhadas pelos pescadores a respeito das mudanças ocorridas no meio ambiente local, principalmente o rio São Francisco e da análise da presença ede influências das histórias de vida de pescadores ribeirinhos na construção de tais conceitos, ideias e imagens partilhadas. Participaram desse estudo vinte pescadores com idade entre vinte e cinco e sessenta e cinco anos. A pesquisa teve como base a etnografia qualitativa. Os principais instrumentos de coleta de informações foram os relatos orais de vida, as entrevistas semidirigidas e o grupo nominal ou focal. Os resultados dessa pesquisa destacam a valorização das histórias de vida e do conjunto de saberes da experiência como fontes seminais de releituras sobre a problemática social mais ampla, em especial, para o campo interdisciplinar de estudos em desenvolvimento e meio ambiente. Dessa conjuntura, pode-se afirmar que as representações sociais de pescadores a respeito do meio ambiente são indissociadas da prática cultural em que se originam, expressam dinamicidade e força própria de pertencimento, tanto quanto consolidam a expressão de suas singularidades-identidades, sem torna-los idênticos entre si, mas, autores de suas próprias histórias de vida, partilhadas pela noção de comunidade a que pertencem. Das representações sociais explicitadas no decorrer da pesquisa há a predominância das crenças partilhadas sobre o universo lendário, os causos de pescador. que, efetivamente, deram a caracterização do grupo a relevância de compreendê-los em sua cultura tensões existenciais vividas como partilha-negação, mundanidade-sacralidade, vida-morte, partir-chegar, mudar-permanecer no reencontro do Rio São Francisco com as histórias de vida de pescador.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-11T13:41:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Sara Soares Moreira.pdf: 2857209 bytes, checksum: 0b5793e1468dbb74732acf0e166007e5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-25 / FAPEAM - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Amazonas / O presente estudo aborda a questão do reconhecimento do trabalho das mulheres na pesca a partir da pesquisa realizada com as pescadoras da Comunidade Cristo Rei, no município do Careiro da Várzea, Amazonas. Dessa forma, tenciona a caracterização das mulheres pescadoras e seu reconhecimento como trabalhadoras da pesca e sua inserção na Política do Seguro-Desemprego do Pescador Artesanal (PSDPA), bem como a contribuição dessa política em suas formas de reprodução social. A pesca é uma das atividades mais importantes no cotidiano das famílias que habitam as áreas rurais e ribeirinhas da Amazônia, praticada principalmente em rios, lagos, paranás e igapós. Mas a presença feminina na atividade foi historicamente negada, silenciada, e o protagonismo das pescadoras subsumido na ideia de que na pesca as mulheres são apenas ajudadeiras. A partir dos anos 1990, estudos como o de Motta-Maués e Alencar trazem à tona a relevância da presença das mulheres na pesca, mas também destacam a dívida da academia e a carência de estudos sobre as pescadoras. As práticas cotidianas observadas no trabalho de campo e os relatos nas entrevistas evidenciam que as pescadoras da comunidade Cristo Rei vêm aos poucos rompendo com a invisibilidade na pesca, universo descrito eminentemente como masculino. Nessa luta pelo reconhecimento, essas trabalhadoras encontram subsídios na PSDPA, popularmente conhecida como seguro-defeso.

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD / In this thesis, I examine household strategies in response to water level fluctuations of Lake Chilwa. I also analyse the frequency and patterns of migration of fishers, conflicts due to migration of fishers and comanagement. The following are the key results:First, the seasonal and periodic lake level changes affect livelihoods of the households. As a coping strategy, the households depend on fishing in pools of water located in influent rivers and hunt birds for income and food while others migrate to find work as casual labourers. When the lake rises during the rain season, inundated areas become suitable for production of maize and rice. However, when the floods recede in the dry season, farming of winter maize and vegetables is common.Second, migration of fishers is common around Lake Chilwa. The pattern of migration varies according to the season and gear type. The northern marshes and floodplain where fishers land the highest catches composed mainly of Barbus paludinosus, attract more fishers operating different fishing gear types. Conflicts emerge due to the Nkacha seine operations,which require removal of aquatic vegetation. The local fishers believe that the aquatic vegetation is a source of food for fish. The conflicts are in various forms including access to fishing grounds, authority to grant access to fishing areas and fish price competition between the local fishers and migrants.Third, the household strategies towards recovery of the fishery after recessions are inherent within the households’ traditional system.However, the introduction of co-management does not recognise key actors that include fishers and river-based fishing households that participated in the formulation of conservation strategies for remnant fish stocks in lagoon and rivers during the 1995 recession. Co-management is characterised by limited participation of the fishers especially those operating seines, district assemblies and non-governmental organisations. Similarly, there is low transparency especially with respect to how the key stakeholders, Department of Fisheries and traditional leaders, take decisions. In stark contrast, accountability among Beach Village Sub- Committees is growing; hence more fishing households now perceive these as representing the interests of Department of Fisheries.Based on the above results, a diversified occupational change involving fishing, farming and trading is necessary. The co-management arrangement should be adaptive with consideration of the traditional customs and values of the participating households. Since these households are dependent on the availability of fisheries, it is thus imperative to promote maximum resource exploitation in between recessions and encourage a complete stop to fishing during recessions.September 2009