En esta tesis se aborda primeramente el estudio de las grietas tridimensionales partiendo de las premisas de la MFEL y considerando la importancia de los términos de segundo orden del desarrollo de Williams para la correcta descripción del campo de tensiones en problemas tridimensionales. El estudio de las grietas tridimensionales se realiza mediante una extensión de los resultados bidimensionales en los que se suponen conceptos que en un estado tridimensional no pueden ser admitidos directamente. En la tesis se hace un análisis del efecto de la triaxialidad sobre estos resultados, poniéndose de manifiesto que no basta con aceptar los términos singulares, sino que al menos se deben incluir los términos constantes del desarrollo de Williams. El segundo punto lo constituye una introducción al XFEM para grietas tridimensionales, incluyendo algunos de los avances desarrollados en los últimos años. A continuación se aborda el cálculo de los FIT en grietas genéricas tridimensionales con curvatura. Para ello se proponen mejoras en la formulación de las integrales de dominio y se realizan verificaciones numéricas y estudios de convergencia. El cálculo de los FIT en grietas que presentan curvatura es el objetivo principal de la tesis. La formulación de la integral de interacción ha sido modificada para mejorar su eficacia. Además se ha introducido el efecto de la curvatura en los gradientes, para lo cual se han usado conceptos de geometría diferencial aprovechando la formulación mediante la LS. Esta propuesta mejora apreciablemente los resultados obtenidos mediante las integrales de dominio. El último punto es el estudio y propuesta de un enriquecimiento para mejorar la descripción del estado existente en las cercanías de la singularidad de esquina ---o de borde libre---. Además de una revisión bibliográfica del problema de esta singularidad, se ha introducido parte del efecto local de esta singularidad en la formulación de XFEM mediante una propuesta de enriq / González Albuixech, VF. (2012). Estudio de las singularidades de frente de grieta y de esquina en grietas tridimensionales mediante el método de los elementos finitos extendido [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/19116 / Palancia

I denna studie är målet att arbeta fram en sport BH som ger extra stöd under sportaktivitet och samtidigt är bekväm. Företaget som har samarbetats med är en större sportkedja. De vill utöka sitt sortiment med en sport BH med en sydd kupa, där konstruktionen gör formen, då det endast i sortimentet finns sport BH i stretchtyg med formpressade kupor eller lösa vadderade kupor. En mjuk (utan bygel) BH grund har konstruerats och sytts upp och provats av i storlek 75C. Denna har sedan vidareutvecklats till en sport BH. Till hjälp för detta har gjorts en litteraturstudie om vad som viktigt för utformandet av en sport BH, och tillsammans med sportföretaget har modellen beslutats. Avprovningar på 3 personer har genomförts, först av BH grunden och sedan under produktutvecklingsfasen till en sport BH, för att säkerställa storlek och passform. Resultatet visar att vid produktutveckling från en mjuk BH till en sport BH, är det en del förändringar som måste göras. Några av dessa är bredare och vadderade axelband, plattare kupa för att stabilisera bysten och ökning av vidden för kupan. Samtidigt visar studien att BH grunden fungerade att utgå från för att konstruera en sport BH. / In this study, the goal is to make a sports bra that provides extra support during sports activity and at the same time is comfortable. The company that has collaborated with is a major sports company. They want to expand their range with a sports bra with a stitched cup, where the construction makes the shape, since only in the range is sports bra in stretch fabric with molded cups or loose padded cups. A soft (wireless) bra base has been constructed and sewn and tested for size 75C. This has been further developed into a sports bra. For knowledge, a literature study has been made, to find out what is important for the design of a sports bra, and together with the sports company, the model has been decided. Fitting of 3 people have been completed, first of the BH foundation and then during the product development phase of a sports bra, to ensure size and fit. The result shows that during product development from a soft bra to a sports bra, there are some changes that must be made. Some of these are wider and padded shoulder straps, flatter cup to stabilize the bust and increase the width for the cup. At the same time, the study shows that the BH foundation worked to start from, to make a construction for a sports bra.

Orientador: Jamil Viana Pereira / Resumo: Neste trabalho, será abordada a teoria matemática utilizada no estudo de quatro modelos clássicos de crescimento populacional: Malthus, Verhulst, Gompertz e Montroll. Serão apresentadas e/ou discutidas algumas de suas características, propriedades, diferenças e diferentes métodos para obtenção de seus parâmetros. Posteriormente, estes modelos e métodos serão aplicados a um conjunto de dados relativos ao crescimento populacional do Brasil. Também foi elaborada uma atividade para ser aplicada no Ensino Médio, na qual se explora, por tabelas e gráficos, a forma como os alunos observam certos fenômenos de crescimento, bem como, construtivamente e com auxílio de dados, a forma como ocorrem esses crescimentos de fato. / Abstract: In this work, the mathematical theory of four classic population growth models (Malthus, Verhulst, Gompertz and Montroll) will be addressed. Some of their characteristics, properties, differences and different methods for obtaining their parameters will be presented and/or discussed. Subsequently, these models and methods will be applied to a Brazilian population growth data set. An activity was also elaborated to be applied in high school. It explores, by tables and graphs, how students observe some growth phenomena, as well as, constructively and with the help of data, how these growths really occur. / Mestre

Change is an organizational inevitability. There are few fields that undergo change more rapidly than information technology. Keeping up with the pace of change in a field so inclined toward change may take a unique toll on workers in information technology. Yet, little has been done to investigate workers' orientations towards change in this turbulent field. Accordingly, this research explores attitudes toward change and some possible related characteristics among individuals who work in the field of information technology. The primary purpose of this study is to explore the nature of resistance to change in information technology. The secondary purpose of this study was to discover potential relationships between resistance to change and several well known motivational variables; specifically empowerment, engagement, and workaholism. Trust was included in this model as well because it has been shown to relate to both motivation and resistance to change and because trust is generally understood to be a characteristic that eases interaction and reduces transaction costs. This study used a web-based survey to collect responses from individuals employed in two medium-sized information technology organizations. Responses were analyzed using correlational, regression, path, and factor analyses to analyze participants' responses. Results indicated that resistance to change is a factor in information technology. Also, two of three motivational characteristics related negatively to resistance to change. Trust related negatively to resistance to change and positively to the same two motivational characteristics, but did not mediate the relationship between these variables. These findings are discussed in terms of their relevance to the study of information technology as they suggest possible implications for organizational functioning, individual well-being, technology adoption, and coping, and innovation.

abstract: Institutions (rules, norms, and shared strategies) are social feedback systems that structure actors’ decision-making context. It is important to investigate institutional design to understand how rules interact and generate feedbacks that affect robustness, i.e., the ability to respond to change. This is particularly important when assessing sustainable use/conservation trade-offs that affect species’ long-term survival. My research utilized the institutional grammar (IG) and robust institutional design to investigate these linkages in the context of four international conservation treaties. First, the IG was used to code the regulatory formal treaty rules. The coded statements were then assessed to determine the rule linkages and dynamic interactions with a focus on monitoring and related reporting and enforcement mechanisms. Treaties with a regulatory structure included a greater number and more tightly linked rules related to these mechanisms than less regulatory instruments. A higher number of actors involved in these activities at multiple levels also seemed critical to a well-functioning monitoring system. Then, drawing on existing research, I built a set of constitutive rule typologies to supplement the IG and code the treaties’ constitutive rules. I determined the level of fit between the constitutive and regulatory rules by examining the monitoring mechanisms, as well as treaty opt-out processes. Treaties that relied on constitutive rules to guide actor decision-making generally exhibited gaps and poorer rule fit. Regimes which used constitutive rules to provide actors with information related to the aims, values, and context under which regulatory rules were being advanced tended to exhibit better fit, rule consistency, and completeness. The information generated in the prior studies, as well as expert interviews, and the analytical frameworks of Ostrom’s design principles, fit, and polycentricity, then aided the analysis of treaty robustness. While all four treaties were polycentric, regulatory regimes exhibited strong information processing feedbacks as evidenced by the presence of all design principles (in form and as perceived by experts) making them theoretically more robust to change than non-regulatory ones. Interestingly, treaties with contested decision-making seemed more robust to change indicating contestation facilitates robust decision-making or its effects are ameliorated by rule design. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Environmental Social Science 2020

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(農学) / 甲第21819号 / 農博第2332号 / 新制||農||1067(附属図書館) / 学位論文||H31||N5191(農学部図書室) / 京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生命科学専攻 / (主査)教授 三上 文三, 教授 植田 充美, 教授 宮川 恒 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Agricultural Science / Kyoto University / DFAM

This diploma thesis is about machining of exact hole specifications to fit the bearings from the the theoretical overviewof the fiiting. Another purpose is to describe; the overview of machines, the choices in bearings, and the types of gearboxes. Finally, it deals with the different methods of surface finishing, how to produce the holes for the bearings to fit in gearboxes.Finally, it deals with the different methods of surface finishing and how to produce the holes for the bearings to fit in the gearboxes

Since start of pandemic of Covid-19 in March 2020 (in Europe) employees are facing challenges seeing their workplaces and home being merged, resulting in limitation of social contacts and face-to-face interaction with colleagues. Newcomers most probably don’t get introduced to and work with their colleagues face-to-face at start of their work. This may affect their performance, which in turn may result in leaving the organization. A quantitative descriptive study of the effects of working from home (WFH) on the process and effectiveness of onboarding of new employees by organizations is presented in this research.The purpose of this study is to explore the relation between the newcomers’ onboarding success and their intention in leaving or staying at the organization through factors such as job satisfaction and the relation between the newcomers and their colleagues considering the WFH effect. In this study a quantitative approach for collecting data and data analysis is conducted using a SEM model. The model consists of questions from cross sectional survey. The survey’s questions are based on five-point Likert scale structure and it is conducted online. The survey’s populations are consisting of 152 samples from different job positions and with different field of technologies. The survey’s results have been analyzed in quantitative method using IMB SPSS software for statistical analysis, considering only online onboarding samples.All the eight defined hypotheses of the model are supported. Onboarding activities (orientation, training, and support) shows relatively the same level of correlation with the onboarding success while workplace relationship quality and job satisfaction are having the strongest relation with the onboarding success. The findings conclude that the newcomers’ workplace relationship quality and job satisfaction mediate the relation between onboarding success and turnover intention. The result shows the importance of workplace relationship quality and job satisfaction in the process of onboarding and its effect on leaving or staying in the organization. Although these two long-term factors have got the highest score, authors believe that it is also necessary that the organizations give an extra care on the onboarding activities as they have the short-term effect on whether the new hire stay or leave the firm.As a result of this study, some implications for organizations and suggestions for further work have been discussed. Keywords: Online On boarding, Working from Home, Onboarding activities, Organizational fit, Survey.

This diploma thesis is concerned with machine identification and verification of speaker, it's theory and applications. It evaluates existing implementation of the subject by the Speech@FIT group. It also considers plugins for the Skype program. Then a functioning plugin is proposed which makes possible identification of the speaker. It is implemented and evaluated here. Towards the end of this thesis suggestions of future development are presented.

In order to achieve good apparel fit, it is necessary to identify, define and classify the size and shape of a population based on a combination of key body measurements (Petrova & Ashdown, 2008). Unrepresentative sizing systems ultimately lead to apparel fit problems which are further compounded by an unstandardised and ambiguous communication of sizing and fit within the apparel manufacturing sector (Chun-Yoon & Jasper, 1996; Winks, 1997; Simmons & Istook, 2004). According to Magagula and Zwane (2006), the sizing system used by the apparel industry in Swaziland is based on British anthropometric measurements taken in the 1940s; yet there is a significant variance in the body proportions and dimensions of different ethnic groups and within ethnic groups (Yu, 2004c:183). It is therefore predictable that young Swazi women would experience apparel fit problems with ready-to-wear apparel. Body forms are manufactured using body dimensions of the apparel manufacturer’s target market in order to yield satisfactory levels of fit. This is however not the case for the Swazi market, as very little current anthropometric data exists on Swazi women. As a result, small-scale apparel manufacturers encounter problems with regard to body forms that are not manufactured according to the shape of Swazi women. The aim of this research was therefore to identify and describe the most prevalent body shapes of young Swazi women using body dimensions, to identify and describe the body shapes of the currently used body forms through body dimensions, to describe and compare the most prevalent body measurements and proportions of young Swazi women and those of currently used body forms, and finally to test and evaluate the fit of the test garment which represents the most prevalent size and shape of the Swazi women, on the body forms. This study is explorative in nature as it helped to clarify a largely undefined area of body shape analysis in respect of young Swazi women. Under the quantitative research strategy, a survey research methodology was used. Anthropometric techniques and traditional tailor’s measurements were used to obtain body measurements for various dimensions of young Swazi women, and training in anthropometry was undertaken to ensure that the measurements were taken reliably and accurately. It emerges from the results of this study that the most prevalent body shape of young Swazi women is the triangular body shape, followed by the hourglass body shape, while the inverted triangle is the least common body shape. The two body form brands employed in this study on the other hand are found to bear different body shapes from each other. Though one brand appears to have the same shape as that of the most prevalent body shape of young Swazi women, it is apparent that there are notable differences regarding the degree of the body contours, i.e. the Swazi women are conspicuously heavier and more rounded at the hip area – as the measurement differences show. The expectation that this body form will offer a better fit to Swazi women as they have similar body shapes in principle, is not realised when the fit of the test garment is evaluated, due to the vast differences in the drop values. The fit problems that are predicted to be experienced by young Swazi women when using the body forms for pattern generation, based on the significant measurement differences, are indeed observed during the evaluation of the fit of the test garment on the body forms. The fit problems exhibited during the testing of the fit of the test garment based on the most prevalent body shape of young Swazi women on the body forms, are mainly due to a wider lower hip girth and shorter length proportions at the upper torso of the young Swazi women. The results of this study contribute to a better understanding of the body shapes that exist among young Swazi women and the fit problems that young Swazi women experience as a consequence of unrepresentative body forms being used in terms of size and shape. Furthermore, the need for all stakeholders in the apparel manufacturing industry to reach consensus on the standardisation and communication of sizing emerges as a step toward affording better fitting apparel to the Swazi women. / Dissertation (MConsumer Science)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / gm2014 / Consumer Science / unrestricted