O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar um ou mais padrões de dieta e verificar sua associação com excesso de peso em uma amostra de indivíduos adultos de Porto Alegre. Para avaliar a dieta, desenvolveu-se um questionário de freqüência alimentar (QFA) composto por 135 itens alimentares. A validade relativa do questionário foi verificada comparando-o à média de dois inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas. A comparação entre os métodos foi realizada através dos coeficientes de correlação de Pearson e da classificação dos indivíduos segundo as distribuições em quartis de energia e nutrientes de cada método. Após ajuste para energia total e deatenuação, a correlação média entre os métodos foi 0,43. Em média, 76% dos participantes foram classificados no mesmo quartil ou quartis adjacentes; e somente 4% foram classificados em quartis opostos. Com base nas informações obtidas com o QFA, realizou-se análise exploratória de fatores para identificar padrões alimentares. A associação entre os padrões e excesso de peso foi testada utilizando-se análise de regressão de Poisson modificada, ajustando-se para variáveis de confundimento. Seis padrões foram derivados e explicaram 40,2% da variância total na ingestão de alimentos. Os rótulos atribuídos foram de acordo com os alimentos que mais contribuíram para o padrão: “Fast-food”, “Alimentos light/diet”, “Vegetais e frutas”, “Carnes e vísceras”, “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz”. O ajuste na análise para fatores de confusão mostrou que o aumento de uma unidade no escore do padrão “Carnes e Vísceras” elevou em 24% a prevalência de excesso de peso. Adicionalmente, houve tendência à redução nesta taxa entre aqueles que seguiam os padrões “Camarão e Oleaginosas” e “Feijão e Arroz”. Concluindo, o QFA apresentou validade razoável, o padrão “Carnes e vísceras” foi preditor de excesso de peso, enquanto os padrões “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz” mostraram tendência à proteção. / The objective of this study was to identify one or more eating patterns and to evaluate the association between these patterns with excess of weight in a sample of adult from Porto Alegre. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), covering 135 food items, was developed to assess diet patterns. Relative validity of the FFQ was verified by comparison with the average of two 24-hour dietary recalls. The comparison between the two methods was carried out using Pearson correlation coefficient and cross-classification of individuals according to the quartile energy and nutrients distributions in each method. After adjustment for total energy intake and de-attenuation, the average correlation between the two methods was 0.43. On average, 76% of the participants were classified in the same quartile or in the adjacent quartiles; and only 4% were misclassified into the opposite quartiles. Based on of the information obtained from the FFQ, an exploratory analysis of factors was carried out to identify eating patterns. The association between eating patterns and overweight was tested using modified Poisson models, adjusting for confounding variables. Six patterns were derived and accounted for 40.2% of the total variance in food intake. These were labeled according to the food types that contributed most to the pattern: “Fast-food”, “Light/Diet Foods”, “Fruit and Vegetables”, “Meat and Animal products”; “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice”. The analysis adjusting for confounding factors showed that the increase of one unit in the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern raised by 24% the prevalence of overweight. In addition, there was a trend to reduce overweight rate for those who had the “Shrimp and Oily Foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns. In conclusion, the FFQ showed reasonable validity, the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern was a predictor of overweight, while the “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns showed a trend to protect against excess of weight.

Introdução: O consumo alimentar inadequado é causa de deficiências nutricionais, especialmente na infância e adolescência, fases em que o organismo está em pleno crescimento e desenvolvimento. Portanto, é fundamental que sejam validados instrumentos que identifiquem o consumo alimentar de crianças e adolescentes e subsidiem o entendimento do processo saúde-doença. Objetivos: Avaliar a validade da estimativa do consumo de nutrientes e das pontuações total e por componentes do Índice de Qualidade da Dieta Revisado (IQD-R), ambas obtidas a partir de um Questionário Semiquantitativo de Frequência Alimentar (QSFA), utilizando biomarcadores dietéticos como métodos de referência, em crianças e adolescentes de 9 a 13 anos de idade do município de Ribeirão Preto - SP. Métodos: Estudo metodológico de validação. O consumo alimentar foi estimado por um QFSA e calculado no software Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR) ®, sendo os seguintes nutrientes estimados: ácidos graxos mirístico (C14:0), palmítico (C16:0), margárico (C17:0), esteárico (C18:0), ?-linolênico (C18:3; ALA), eicosapentaenoico (C20:5 ; EPA) e docosahexaenóico (C22:6 ; DHA); ?- caroteno; retinol; ?-tocoferol e vitaminas D, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, folato e B12. O consumo alimentar estimado pelo QSFA foi utilizado para calcular as pontuações do IQD-R. Além dos componentes originais do IQD-R, foram calculados os componentes modificados denominados Vegetais Totais sem Leguminosas (Vegetais Totais SL) e Vegetais Verde-Escuros e Alaranjados sem Leguminosas (Veveal SL), nos quais o excedente de leguminosas do Grupos Carnes, Ovos e Leguminosas não foi incluído. Os biomarcadores foram analisados em amostras de plasma: ?-caroteno, ?-caroteno/colesterol total (CT), retinol, ?-tocoferol, ?-tocoferol/CT, 25-hidroxivitamina D3 [25(OH)D3], tiamina, riboflavina, nicotinamida, nudifloramida, ácido pantotênico, piridoxamina 5-fosfato (PMP), piridoxal, piridoxal 5-fosfato (PLP), 5- metiltetrahidrofolato (5-MTHF), folato, vitamina B12, creatina; ou eritrócitos: C14:0, ácido pentadecanóico (C15:0), C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, ALA, EPA e DHA. As associações da estimativa do consumo de nutrientes e das pontuações do IQD-R com as concentrações de biomarcadores foram analisadas por correlação de Spearman e correlação parcial ajustada para energia, sexo, idade e escore-z de índice de massa corporal para idade. Todos os indivíduos foram classificados em quartis de acordo com a estimativa do consumo de nutrientes, as pontuações do IQD-R e os biomarcadores e os dados foram analisados para concordância entre quartis de biomarcadores vs. consumo, diferença das médias dos biomarcadores entre o primeiro e o último quartil de consumo e análise de tendência das médias dos biomarcadores entre os quartis de consumo. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas no software Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) ®, versão 20.0, com nível de significância de 5%. Resultados: A amostra foi constituída de 177 indivíduos com média de 11,5 (DP 1,1) anos de idade, sendo 52,0% do sexo feminino. Os biomarcadores ?-caroteno (r=0,168), ?-caroteno/CT (r=0,171), 25(OH)D3 (r=0,209), C14:0 (r=0,211) e EPA (r=0,166) apresentaram correlações ajustadas com os respectivos consumos estimados pelo QSFA. Após ajuste para variáveis de confusão, o biomarcador DHA apresentou correlação com o consumo estimado de DHA apenas no sexo feminino (r=0,280). Quanto ao IQD-R, os componentes de vegetais foram correlacionados aos biomarcadores de ?-caroteno e ?-caroteno/CT (r = 0,230 a 0,340), enquanto os componentes modificados Vegetais Totais SL e Veveal SL foram correlacionados aos biomarcadores vitamina B12 (r=0,194) e 5-MTHF (r=0,201), respectivamente. Todos os componentes ricos em proteínas de origem vegetal (leguminosas) e animal (carnes e ovos) foram correlacionados à creatina plasmática (r=0,205 a 0,327). O componente Leite e Derivados foi correlacionado aos biomarcadores C14:0 (r=0,169), ácido pantotênico (r=0,233), PLP (r=0,283) e vitamina B12 (r=0,265). Biomarcadores de vitaminas do complexo B foram inversamente correlacionados aos componentes Cereais Totais; Carnes, Ovos e Leguminosas e Gordura Saturada (r= -0,178 a -0,282). Não houve correlações entre biomarcadores e a pontuação total do IQD-R. As associações entre biomarcadores e os nutrientes estimados pelo QSFA e os componentes Vegetais Totais SL, Veveal SL, Leite e Derivados e Gordura Saturada foram corroboradas por concordância entre quartis >70%, diferença de média de biomarcador entre primeiro e último quartil de consumo e tendência de média biomarcador entre quartis de consumo. Conclusão: A estimativa de nutrientes e os componentes do IQD-R, ambos obtidos por meio do QSFA, foram validados conforme as associações acima descritas e podem ser utilizados em estudos clínicos e epidemiológicos que investiguem a associação entre desfechos em saúde e consumo alimentar de crianças e adolescentes de 9 a 13 anos da região de Ribeirão Preto, SP. / Introduction: Inadequate dietary intake is a cause of nutritional deficiencies, especially in childhood and adolescence, when the body is experiencing rapid growth and development. Therefore, it is fundamental to validate instruments that identify the dietary intake of children and adolescents and support the understanding of the health-disease process. Objectives: To assess the validity of nutrient intake estimate and total and component scores from Brazilian Healthy Eating Index - Revised (BHEI-R), both obtained from a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire (SFFQ), using dietetic biomarkers as a reference method, in children and adolescents aged 9 to 13 years in Ribeirão Preto - SP. Method: Methodological and validation study. Dietary intake was estimated by a SFFQ and calculated using the software Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR) ®, and the following nutrients were estimated: myristic acid (C14:0), palmitic acid (C16:0), margaric acid (C17:0), stearic acid (C18:0), ?- linolenic acid (C18:3 ; ALA), eicosapentaenoic acid (C20:5 ; EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (C22 : 6; DHA), ?-carotene, retinol, ?-tocopherol, and vitamins D, B1, B2, B3, B5, B6, folate, and B12. The dietary intake estimated by SFFQ was used to generate the BHEI-R scores. In addition to the original components of the BHEI-R, the modified components Total Vegetables without Legumes and Dark Green and Orange Vegetables without Legumes were calculated, in which the excess legumes from Meat, Eggs and Legumes component was not included. Biomarkers were analyzed in plasma: ?-carotene, ?-caroteno/total cholesterol (TC), retinol, ?- tocopherol, ?-tocopherol/TC, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3], thiamine, riboflavin, nicotinamide, nudifloramide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxamine 5-phosphate (PMP), pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP), 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), folate, vitamin B12, and creatine; or erythrocytes samples: C14:0, pentadecanoic acid (C15:0), C16:0, C17:0, C18:0, ALA, EPA e DHA. The associations of the nutrient intake estimate and BHEI-R scores with biomarkers concentrations were analyzed by Spearman correlation and partial correlation adjusted for energy, sex, age, and z-score for body mass index-for-age. Subjects were classified into quartiles according to nutrient intake estimates, BHEI-R scores and biomarkers and data were analyzed for quartile agreement between biomarkers vs. intake, comparison of biomarkers averages between the first and last intake quartiles, and trend analysis of biomarkers averages among the intake quartiles. Statistical analyzes were performed in software Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) ®, version 20.0, with a significance level of 5%. Results: The sample was composed of 177 subjects, the mean age was 11.5 (SD 1.1) years old and 52% were female. The biomarkers ?- carotene (r=0,168), ?-carotene/TC (r=0,171), 25(OH)D3 (r=0,209), C14:0 (r=0,211), and EPA (r=0,166) showed positive adjusted correlations with their respective intakes estimated by SFFQ. After adjusting for confounding variables, DHA showed correlation only in females (r=0,280). Regarding BHEI-R, vegetable components were correlated with biomarkers ?- carotene and ?-carotene/TC, while the modified components Total Vegetables without Legumes and Dark Green and Orange Vegetables without Legumes were correlated with the biomarkers vitamin B12 (r=0,194) and 5-MTHF (r=0,201), respectively. All components rich in vegetable (legumes) and animal protein (meat, eggs) were correlated with plasma creatine (r=0,205 a 0,327). The component Milk was correlated with biomarkers C14:0 (r = 0,169), pantothenic acid (r = 0,233), PLP (r = 0,283), and vitamin B12 (r = 0265). Biomarkers of Bcomplex vitamins were inversely correlated with the components Whole Grains; Meat, Eggs and Legumes; and Saturated Fat (r= -0,178 a -0,282). There was no correlation between biomarkers and total IQD-R score. The associations between the biomarkers and the nutrients estimated by the SFFQ and the components Total Vegetables without Legumes, Dark Green and Orange Vegetables without Legumes, Milk, and Saturated Fat were confirmed by quartiles agreement >70%, difference between biomarker average between first and last quartile of intake and trend of biomarker average among quartiles of intake. Conclusion: The nutrient estimates and the BHEI-R components, both obtained through the SFFQ, were validated according to the associations described above and can be used in clinical and epidemiological studies investigating the association between health outcomes and dietary intake of children and adolescents age 9 to 13 years in Ribeirão Preto - SP.

Estudo de caso-controle conduzido na cidade de Porto Alegre, com o objetivo de avaliar a associação do consumo de gorduras saturadas com sobrepeso e obesidade. Foram incluídas 52 crianças e adolescentes com idades entre seis e 19 anos, sendo 26 eutróficos e 26 com sobrepeso ou obesidade. Todos responderam a um questionário que contemplava história familiar, atividade física e hábitos alimentares. O consumo diário de alimentos ricos em ácidos graxos saturados no grupo de casos e controles foi, em média, de 31,63 mg e 23,18 mg, respectivamente (p<0,05). Quando a ingestão foi avaliada pelo questionário de freqüência alimentar, os casos apresentaram consumo mais freqüente de produtos lácteos e carne de gado. Este estudo demonstrou que fatores relacionados a história familiar de obesidade, hábitos alimentares inadequados e sedentarismo influenciam no desenvolvimento da obesidade desde a infância, e que a intervenção nutricional precoce torna-se necessária para prevenção de fatores de risco associados ao desenvolvimento desta patologia. / A case-control study was conducted in Porto Alegre, south Brazil, with the aim of evaluating the association of consumption of saturated fat with overweight or obesity. It was included 52 children and adolescents aged between 6 and 19 years old, being 26 eutrophic people and 26 overweight or obese people. All of them answered a questionnaire that contemplated family history, physical activity and feeding habits. The daily consumption of food rich in saturated fatty acid in the group of cases and controls were in average 31,63 mg and 23,18 mg, respectively (p< 0.05). There was a variation according to the type of food when ingestion was evaluated through the questionnaire of feeding frequency. This study showed that the factors related to family history of obesity, inadequate feeding habits and sedentariness influenced upon the development of obesity since childhood, and that precocious nutritional intervention is necessary to the prevention of risk factors associated to the development of this pathology.

O presente estudo teve como objetivo identificar um ou mais padrões de dieta e verificar sua associação com excesso de peso em uma amostra de indivíduos adultos de Porto Alegre. Para avaliar a dieta, desenvolveu-se um questionário de freqüência alimentar (QFA) composto por 135 itens alimentares. A validade relativa do questionário foi verificada comparando-o à média de dois inquéritos recordatórios de 24 horas. A comparação entre os métodos foi realizada através dos coeficientes de correlação de Pearson e da classificação dos indivíduos segundo as distribuições em quartis de energia e nutrientes de cada método. Após ajuste para energia total e deatenuação, a correlação média entre os métodos foi 0,43. Em média, 76% dos participantes foram classificados no mesmo quartil ou quartis adjacentes; e somente 4% foram classificados em quartis opostos. Com base nas informações obtidas com o QFA, realizou-se análise exploratória de fatores para identificar padrões alimentares. A associação entre os padrões e excesso de peso foi testada utilizando-se análise de regressão de Poisson modificada, ajustando-se para variáveis de confundimento. Seis padrões foram derivados e explicaram 40,2% da variância total na ingestão de alimentos. Os rótulos atribuídos foram de acordo com os alimentos que mais contribuíram para o padrão: “Fast-food”, “Alimentos light/diet”, “Vegetais e frutas”, “Carnes e vísceras”, “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz”. O ajuste na análise para fatores de confusão mostrou que o aumento de uma unidade no escore do padrão “Carnes e Vísceras” elevou em 24% a prevalência de excesso de peso. Adicionalmente, houve tendência à redução nesta taxa entre aqueles que seguiam os padrões “Camarão e Oleaginosas” e “Feijão e Arroz”. Concluindo, o QFA apresentou validade razoável, o padrão “Carnes e vísceras” foi preditor de excesso de peso, enquanto os padrões “Camarão e oleaginosas” e “Feijão e arroz” mostraram tendência à proteção. / The objective of this study was to identify one or more eating patterns and to evaluate the association between these patterns with excess of weight in a sample of adult from Porto Alegre. A food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), covering 135 food items, was developed to assess diet patterns. Relative validity of the FFQ was verified by comparison with the average of two 24-hour dietary recalls. The comparison between the two methods was carried out using Pearson correlation coefficient and cross-classification of individuals according to the quartile energy and nutrients distributions in each method. After adjustment for total energy intake and de-attenuation, the average correlation between the two methods was 0.43. On average, 76% of the participants were classified in the same quartile or in the adjacent quartiles; and only 4% were misclassified into the opposite quartiles. Based on of the information obtained from the FFQ, an exploratory analysis of factors was carried out to identify eating patterns. The association between eating patterns and overweight was tested using modified Poisson models, adjusting for confounding variables. Six patterns were derived and accounted for 40.2% of the total variance in food intake. These were labeled according to the food types that contributed most to the pattern: “Fast-food”, “Light/Diet Foods”, “Fruit and Vegetables”, “Meat and Animal products”; “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice”. The analysis adjusting for confounding factors showed that the increase of one unit in the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern raised by 24% the prevalence of overweight. In addition, there was a trend to reduce overweight rate for those who had the “Shrimp and Oily Foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns. In conclusion, the FFQ showed reasonable validity, the “Meat and Animal Products” pattern was a predictor of overweight, while the “Shrimp and Oily foods” and “Beans and Rice” patterns showed a trend to protect against excess of weight.

No description available.

No description available.

yes / Associations between socio-demographic and psychological factors and food choice patterns were explored in unemployed young people who constitute a vulnerable group at risk of poor dietary health. Volunteers (N = 168), male (n = 97) and female (n = 71), aged 15–25 years were recruited through United Kingdom (UK) community-based organisations serving young people not in education training or employment (NEET). Survey questionnaire enquired on food poverty, physical activity and measured responses to the Food Involvement Scale (FIS), Food Self-Efficacy Scale (FSS) and a 19-item Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). A path analysis was undertaken to explore associations between age, gender, food poverty, age at leaving school, food self-efficacy (FS-E), food involvement (FI) (kitchen; uninvolved; enjoyment), physical activity and the four food choice patterns (junk food; healthy; fast food; high fat). FS-E was strong in the model and increased with age. FS-E was positively associated with more frequent choice of healthy food and less frequent junk or high fat food (having controlled for age, gender and age at leaving school). FI (kitchen and enjoyment) increased with age. Higher FI (kitchen) was associated with less frequent junk food and fast food choice. Being uninvolved with food was associated with more frequent fast food choice. Those who left school after the age of 16 years reported more frequent physical activity. Of the indirect effects, younger individuals had lower FI (kitchen) which led to frequent junk and fast food choice. Females who were older had higher FI (enjoyment) which led to less frequent fast food choice. Those who had left school before the age of 16 had low food involvement (uninvolved) which led to frequent junk food choice. Multiple indices implied that data were a good fit to the model which indicated a need to enhance food self-efficacy and encourage food involvement in order to improve dietary health among these disadvantaged young people.

Des méthodes d’évaluation de la consommation alimentaire permettant de vérifier l’efficacité de la diète méditerranéenne en prévention des maladies cardiovasculaires doivent être validées. Objectif: Évaluer la fiabilité et la validité d’un questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire (QF) semi-quantitatif permettant de mesurer l’alimentation dans le cadre d’études cliniques portant sur la diète méditerranéenne dans la population québécoise. Méthodologie: Cinquante-trois participants ont été recrutés. Le QF a été complété à deux reprises pour évaluer la fiabilité et comparé à un journal alimentaire (JA) de 12 jours pour évaluer la validité. Résultats: Pour la fiabilité, les coefficients de corrélation intra-classe (CCI) variaient de 0.38-0.91. Pour la validité, les coefficients de corrélation de Pearson (r) entre le JA et le QF pré-JA variaient de 0.26-0.84 et les CCI variaient de 0.25-0.84. Quant au JA et QF post-JA, les r variaient de 0.36-0.83 et les CCI de 0.36-0.83. Conclusion: Le QF présente une bonne fiabilité et validité pour l’énergie et la majorité des nutriments caractéristiques de la diète méditerranéenne. / Validated dietary assessment methods are needed to conduct clinical trials evaluating the efficacy of the Mediterranean diet in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Aim: To assess the reproducibility and the validity of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to be used in clinical trials on the Mediterranean diet within the population of Quebec. Methods: Fifty-three participants were recruited. The FFQ was administered twice to assess reproducibility and was compared to a 12-day dietary record (DR) to assess validity. Results: For reproducibility, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for energy and nutrients ranged from 0.38 to 0.91. For validity, Pearson’s correlation coefficients (r) between the DR and the FFQ pre-DR ranged from 0.26 to 0.84 and ICCs ranged from 0.25 to 0.84. As for the DR and the FFQ post-DR, r ranged from 0.36 to 0.83 and ICCs ranged from 0.36 to 0.83. Conclusion: The FFQ demonstrates good reproducibility and validity for energy and most key nutrients of the Mediterranean diet.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Umeå : Umeå universitet, 2010.

La transition alimentaire touche tous les pays émergents avec un développement des pathologies dégénératives liées à l'alimentation. Notre recherche visait à étudier la typologie alimentaire libanaise actuelle sous l'angle de la question suivante: le Liban a-t-il préservé son alimentation traditionnelle ou a-t-il évolué vers une alimentation occidentale ? Une pré-enquête menée au Liban en 2003, a permis d'identifier que la place des plats traditionnels dans l'alimentation libanaise reste importante de nos jours. Cependant, les outils d'enquêtes nécessaires à caractériser de manière fiable et précise les consommations alimentaires n'étaient pas disponibles. Ceci nous a conduits à développer des outils pour évaluer la part de l'alimentation traditionnelle dans la diète libanaise et à évaluer sa contribution à la couverture des besoins nutritionnels. Nous avons construit et validé un cahier de photographies de portions alimentaires, un questionnaire de fréquence alimentaire et une table de composition nutritionnelle correspondant à ces plats. Nous avons ensuite réalisé une enquête sur une sous-population représentative et conclut les points suivants :1- La population libanaise moderne a préservé une place importante à l'alimentation traditionnelle : 57% de la population libanaise consomme plus de 9 plats traditionnels par semaine, soit près de 2 plats par jour.2- Cette alimentation est caractérisée, comme dans la plupart des régions méditerranéennes, par une contribution prépondérante des fruits et légumes (42%), des céréales (34% : pain 14% ; feuilletés 5%) et des légumes secs (7%) dans la ration alimentaire.3- Le régime alimentaire libanais traditionnel est entrain d'être abandonné surtout par les hommes actifs, les étudiants et les personnes célibataires, qui passent la plupart de leur temps hors domicile et sont donc plus susceptibles de consommer une alimentation plus industrielle, indépendamment de l'âge, du niveau d'éducation et de la région de résidence.4- La population libanaise, au travers de la consommation des seuls plats traditionnels dont l'apport calorique dépasse les 75%, a des apports moyens en calories de 2047 kcal/j, des apports énergétiques moyens en glucides de 46%, en protéines de 11% et en lipides de 43% dont 10% d'AGS, 20% d'AGMI et 10% d'AGPI. Elle couvre presque tous ses besoins en vitamines et minéraux.5- La ration alimentaire libanaise présente aujourd'hui une forte tendance à évoluer vers des régimes riches en lipides au détriment des glucides. Ces derniers gardent cependant une place relativement importante dans la ration mais ont changé de nature: autrefois consommés sous forme de céréales complètes, ils le sont aujourd'hui sous forme de céréales raffinées et transformées. En conclusion, le Liban semble être le lieu d'une coexistence entre la tradition et la modernité. Une revalorisation du régime traditionnel encore très présent dans les habitudes alimentaires devrait permettre de ralentir la transition nutritionnelle et améliorer l'état de santé de la population. / All emerging countries are now subjected to a dietary transition accompanied by a development of degenerative pathologies related to human diet. Our research is aimed at investigating the current Lebanese food typology under the following theme: have Lebanon been able to preserve its local traditional diet or have it been affected by the exposure to western diet? A pre-survey administered in Lebanon in 2003, showed that the existence of the traditional dishes in the Lebanese diet remain important till date. However, the absence of reliable and precise tools to conduct surveys aiming to describe food consumptions gave us an incentive to develop such tools. The main purpose of the exercise is to determine the contribution of the traditional Lebanese food to the relative overall intake and to evaluate its contribution in covering the various nutritional needs. For this reason, we developed and validated a photographic atlas of food portions, a food frequency questionnaire and a table of food composition corresponding to the traditional Lebanese dishes. This effort was followed by a survey on a representative sub-population that suggested 5 main findings:1-The modern Lebanese population preserved an important place for the traditional food: 57 % of the Lebanese population consumes more than 9 traditional dishes per week, which means 2 dishes per day.2-This diet is characterized, as in most of the Mediterranean regions, by a dominating contribution of fruits and vegetables (42 %), cereals (34 %: bread 14 %; pastries 5 %) and legumes (7 %) in the daily food ration.3-The traditional Lebanese diet is especially absent from active men, students and the single persons, who spend most of their time out of home and may thus consume industrial food, independently of their age, educational level and the location of their residence.4-The Lebanese population, through the consumption of the only traditional dishes of which the energy intake exceeds the 75 %, has mean energy intake of 2047 kcal/day. The breakdown shows a statistical mean of carbohydrates ranging up to 46 %; 11% of proteins; 43% of lipids; 10 % of SFA, 20 % of MUFA and 10 % of PUFA. The Lebanese population covers almost all their needs in vitamins and minerals.5- The Lebanese daily food ration presents a strong trend today to evolve towards diets rich in lipids on the detriment of carbohydrates. Carbohydrates keep however a place that is relatively important in the ration but with a changed pattern: consumed in the form of wholegrain cereal in the past, they are now replaced by refined and transformed cereal. In conclusion, Lebanon seems to be the place of coexistence between the tradition and the modernity. A valorisation of the still very present traditional diet in the food habits should allow to slow down the nutritional transition and to improve the health of the population.