Thesis (Ph. D.)--Freie Universität, Berlin, 1991. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 5-40).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2001. / eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 164-173).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007. / Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 11, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 191-195).

Orientador: Rosana Baeninger / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T23:17:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Shishito_KatianiTatie_M.pdf: 2257039 bytes, checksum: 50319419c37b3eb32b71a2f400edd26a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a temporalidade do processo migratório de brasileiros no Japão em anos recentes. Foi adotada a perspectiva da expectativa temporal em processos migratórios (ROBERTS,1995) para melhor compreender a tendência de permanência de brasileiros no Japão. Dessa forma priorizam-se as análises referentes às políticas de controle migratórias do Japão, bem como às configuração recentes das redes sociais de brasileiros e à formação familiar no destino, como fatores que influenciariam a alteração da expectativa temporal. Questões sobre a crise econômica internacional de 2008 também são tratadas na pesquisa. A metodologia abarca o uso de dados secundários, como as estatísticas oficiais do governo japonês sobre a migração e o registro de estrangeiros no país, bem como a análise de dados primários com os resultados de pesquisa de campo realizada no Japão / Abstract: This work aims to analyze the temporality of brazilians' migration process in Japan in recent years. The perspective of temporal expectation in migratory processes (ROBERTS,1995) was adopted to better comprehend the tendency of brazilians permanence in Japan. This way, the analysis of Japan's migratory control policies, as well as recent brazilian social networks' configurations and the family formation in the destination, are prioritized as influencing factors on the alteration of temporal expectation. Questions regarding 2008's international economic crisis are also addressed in the research. The metodology includes the use of secondary data, with oficial data from the japanese government on the migration and registry of foreigners in the country, as well as the analysis of primary data with the results of field research conducted in Japan / Mestrado / Demografia / Mestre em Demografia

Since South Africa was declared a democratic country, the number of refugees fleeing to South Africa has increased. While it is understandable that refugees would flee to a country with a Constitution that protects the rights of everyone within its territory, this influx of refugees and migrants also puts a strain on the South African economy. One of the main problems associated with refugees and migrants in this country is their illegal status. Failure to obtain legal status in the country can be attributed to their own negligence to attend to the Refugee Reception Office, upon their arrival in the country. On the other hand, the South African government also fails foreigners in that the service provided at the Refugee Reception Offices is not up to the standard promised in the legislation. A further problem associated with refugees and migrants in the country is that they are competing with South Africans for jobs that are already scarce in the country. A foreigners need to earn a living is the driving force behind entering the employment market, and often illegally. Where refugees and migrants do not have the required work permits, their employment is prohibited in terms of the Immigration Act 13 of 2002 and they are thus illegal workers. Until recently, South Africa has followed the same policy as other international countries. Illegal workers did not have access to the protection provided by our labour legislation, by virtue of the illegality of their employment contracts. This position was changed by the Discovery Health case where the courts focused more on the existence of an employment relationship as oppose to an employment contract.

Mexican migrant workers have been coming to Canada since 1974 to work in agriculture as participants of the Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program (SAWP). Presently, Mexicans constitute the majority of SAWP workers. As well, Ontario is the main receiver of these workers followed by British Columbia and Quebec. Accordingly, the scope of this thesis mainly encompasses Mexican workers in Ontario. However, the thesis also includes Mexican SAWP workers in Quebec and British Columbia. This thesis reveals two main issues: (1) that all SAWP workers, particularly Mexican workers, lack key legal rights and protections relating to labour relations, employment, health and safety standards at the structural level of the SAWP; and at the federal, provincial, and international levels. (2) Even when they have rights under legislation relating to the above-mentioned subject matters, Mexicans, especially, lack the capacity to access them. Thus, they become ‘unfree labourers’ who are placed in a perpetual state of disadvantage, vulnerable to abuse and exploitation once in Canada. To describe the issues above, the thesis is divided into five chapters addressing the following: Chapter 1 presents the historical context behind the SAWP as well as the Mexican workers’ circumstances that attract them to participate in the Program. Chapter 2 examines the applicable constitutional and federal framework for SAWP workers. In addition, it highlights key federal exclusions placed on them, which originate in the federal immigration and employment insurance legislation. Chapter 3 concludes that Ontario does not protect its agricultural workers from unfair treatment and exploitation in the workplace; rather, it perpetuates such practices. This reality is intensified for SAWP Mexican workers. Particularly, chapter 3 analyses a constitutional challenge to the Ontario legislation excluding agricultural worker from its labour relations regime; said challenge is based on ss. 2(d) and 15(1) of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Chapter 4 maintains that similarly to workers in Ontario, SAWP workers in Quebec and British Columbia also face extreme disadvantages due in great part to the lack of or limited legal protections. Finally, chapter 5 asserts that due to its implementation in the Canadian framework, international law is inadequate to protect domestic and SAWP workers’ rights. While each chapter identifies tangible drawbacks or anomalies, which affect SAWP workers negatively, the thesis also provides recommendations to alleviate said weaknesses.

Orientador: Ricardo Luiz Coltro Antunes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-24T11:19:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Roncato_MarianaShinohara_M.pdf: 2131503 bytes, checksum: 3ff30a1711f5708ca8ba9ba693b7a615 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Resumo: Esta pesquisa buscou compreender a especificidade do lugar que o trabalho imigrante dekassegui ocupa na sociedade de classes japonesa. O fenômeno dekassegui tem como característica a burocratização do fluxo migratório e a migração seletiva decorrente da ancestralidade nipônica destes sujeitos. Esta particularidade se reflete em garantia de algumas condições razoáveis de subsistência, não obstante, não se traduz em relações de trabalho estáveis, incorrendo em uma inserção em nichos de trabalho reservados aos imigrantes desqualificados. Paralelamente, desde a década de 1990, as relações e condições de trabalho dos japoneses tendem a expansão da informalidade, aumento do turnover, rebaixamento salarial, part time job, entre outras condições laborais degradadas antes pouco expressivas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa de campo com dekasseguis retornados pós-crise econômica de 2008 para melhor compreensão do impacto da crise em suas vidas. À luz destas considerações, algumas questões que norteiam pesquisa são: a relação do dekassegui com a classe trabalhadora japonesa, a diferença étnica como fator diferenciador e a classe social como elemento que os assemelha / Abstract: This research sought to understand the specificity of the place that immigrant labor Dekassegui occupies in Japan class society. Dekassegui phenomenon is characterized by the bureaucratization of the migration and selective migration resulting from Japanese ancestry. This peculiarity is reflected in reasonable conditions of subsistence, however, this peculiarity does not deprive them of into informal jobs and labor insertion in unskilled immigrant niches. Meanwhile, since the 1990s, the labor relationships and conditions of the Japanese working class tend to expansion of informality, increased turnover, lower wages, part time job, and other employment conditions not very evident over the past few decades. A field research was carried out with dekasseguis returned after 2008 economic crisis to better understand the impact of the crisis in their lives. Through these considerations, some questions that guide this dissertation are: the relationship between Dekassegui and the Japanese working class, ethnic difference as a differentiating factor and social class as an element that resembles / Mestrado / Sociologia / Mestra em Sociologia

The purpose of this study is to tell the story of female victims of human trafficking from Ethiopia. It pertains to the cause of trafficking and how it affects their social and emotional wellbeing. The study is conducted in light of constructivist framework and involves in-depth interviews with five returnees whose experiences as victims are explored. This is done to get insight into the challenges faced by the wider population. Themes evident in the stories are discussed in line with relevant literature. The study shows lack of job opportunities, limited income and false promises made by brokers as the major factors drawing women into human trafficking. The findings also show that even after return, the victims experience further difficulties due to post-traumatic psychological factors. Looking at the significance of the research outcome, the gleaned information could be of value for organizations working on migration and countering human trafficking. / Investigation into the experiences of female victims of trafficking in Ethiopia / Experiences of female victims of trafficking in Ethiopia / Female victims of trafficking in Ethiopia / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

Although there is a long tradition of research into the relationship between technology and psychological well-being, few studies examine the relationship between mobile phone use and loneliness (Chan, 2015). Far away from their home countries and living in constrained conditions, female domestic workers in particular might experience chronic loneliness, and the mobile phone is a crucial lifeline for them. Using a face-to-face survey of 492 Filipino domestic workers in Hong Kong, this dissertation details how different uses of mobile phones are related to different types of loneliness among this vulnerable population. By differentiating between communicative and non-communicative use of the mobile phone, and between social loneliness and emotional loneliness, the results indicate that Filipino domestic workers' non-communicative use of the mobile phone could decrease their social loneliness, while communicative use neither decreases nor increases both social and emotional loneliness. This finding supports the proposition that mobile phone use is beneficial to individuals' psychological well-being and extends the existing literature on the relationship between mobile phone use and loneliness. Most importantly, there is still no a systematic framework to explain the underlying mechanism connecting mobile phone use and loneliness. Based on the technology paradox and the paradoxical impact of mobile phone use on loneliness, this dissertation develops a two-pathway model to illustrate the underlying mechanism. The first pathway postulates that mobile phone use has a positive influence on loneliness through preference for online communication and problematic mobile phone use, which is based upon the theoretical framework of Davis's (2001) cognitive-behavioral model, Caplan's (2003) theory of preference for online communication, and the literature on the bidirectional relationship between technology and psychological well-being. Grounded in the social convoy model (Kahn &Antonucci, 1980; Antonucci, 2001), the second pathway posits that mobile phone use has a negative impact on loneliness through social network availability and social support. The findings show that the two-pathway model indeed exists. In the first pathway, mobile phone use increases emotional loneliness by leading to problematic mobile phone use. In the second pathway, mobile phone use results in decreased social loneliness through increased social support or through the joint impact of social network availability and social support. This dissertation makes theoretical and practical contributions to the field of mobile phone use, not only by developing a two-pathway model to uncover the underlying mechanism connecting mobile phone use with loneliness, but also demonstrates the technology paradox and the paradoxical impact of mobile phone use on loneliness among the Filipino domestic workers in Hong Kong. It will be worthwhile to replicate and testify this two-pathway model in other populations, such as elders, adolescents, and young adults.

Dissertation Title Polish Workers in Czechoslovakia: Unwelcome Friendship Specific features of temporary labor migration in the socialist system Author Ondřej Klípa Summary The aim of the dissertation is to study the case of Polish workers in Czechoslovakia who were employed on conditions set by intergovernmental treaties. Most of them were women. This case had two specific features. First, it was highly regulated by both of the co-operating states. Second, the state bodies tried to control intensively both the workers in order to isolate them from local population and the public discourse of this topic. In this study I argue that both of the features arise from fundamental elements of socialist system, which are "economy of shortage" and totalitarianism. These elements were identified in the work of Hungarian economist János Kornai. Instead of totalitarianism as a coherent concept I use only certain totalitarian practices that were exercised with variable intensity, depending on circumstances. In the dissertation I examine causality between these two fundamental elements (independent variables) and both regulation and control (dependent variables). For this purpose I consider the studied case as a specific model of temporary labor migration in socialist system. The case is also situated in a broader...