Este projeto de pesquisa tem como proposta o estudo dos critérios de formatação de funding1 que auxiliem nos projetos de transporte rodoviário no Brasil, em particular as estradas vicinais no Estado de São Paulo. A partir de uma análise crítica da formatação de modelos já existentes para estradas vicinais, no Brasil e no exterior, são estabelecidos processos para o levantamento e formatação de funding para esta classe de negócios. Através da condução de um estudo de caso destinado a avaliar a aplicação destes processos, ao final, esta proposição de critérios é consolidada em um conjunto de diretrizes para a formatação de funding para projetos de estradas vicinais. Desta forma, as empresas do setor de transporte rodoviário e ligadas às atividades do Agronegócio poderão alcançar níveis mais eficientes de planejamento e competitividade, melhorando o suporte às decisões de nível tático, tanto no ambiente da empresa quanto dos empreendimentos de estradas vicinais. / The objective of this research is to study the existing criteria of funding`s models applied in projects of road transportation in Brazil, in particular the feed roads in state of São Paulo. Starting from a critical analysis of existing references and criteria of funding`s models in feeder roads in Brazil and surrounding, processes and database are established to give support to format this type of business. Through study case required to evaluate the application of these processes, at the end, these criteria are consolidated to provide guidelines to format funding applied in feeder roads. So that, the companies of the sector of road transport and agribusiness sector will be able to reach more efficient levels of planning and competitiveness, and improve their support to tactical level decisions, as much in the environment of the company such as the environment of enterprises of feeder roads.

Kwong-ho Wu. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1994. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 72-75). / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- Outline Fonts --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Advantages and Disadvantages --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Representations --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Rasterization --- p.5 / Chapter 1.2 --- Introduction to This Thesis --- p.6 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Organization --- p.7 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Objectives --- p.7 / Chapter 2 --- Chinese Characters Fonts --- p.8 / Chapter 2.1 --- Large Character Set --- p.8 / Chapter 2.2 --- Font Styles --- p.8 / Chapter 2.3 --- Storage Problems --- p.9 / Chapter 2.4 --- Hierarchical Structure --- p.10 / Chapter 2.5 --- High Stroke Count --- p.11 / Chapter 3 --- Rasterization --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1 --- The Basic Rasterization --- p.13 / Chapter 3.1.1 --- Scan Conversion --- p.14 / Chapter 3.1.2 --- Filling Outline --- p.16 / Chapter 3.2 --- Font Rasterization --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Outline Scaling --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Hintings --- p.17 / Chapter 3.2.3 --- Basic Rasterization Approach for Chinese Fonts --- p.18 / Chapter 3.3 --- Hintings --- p.20 / Chapter 3.3.1 --- Phase Control --- p.20 / Chapter 3.3.2 --- Auto-Hints --- p.21 / Chapter 3.3.3 --- Storage of Hintings Information in TrueType Font and Postscript Font --- p.22 / Chapter 4 --- An Improved Chinese Font Rasterizer --- p.24 / Chapter 4.1 --- Floating Point Avoidance --- p.24 / Chapter 4.2 --- Filling --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Filling with Horizontal Scan Line --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Filling with Vertical Scan Line --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3 --- Hintings --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Assumptions --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Maintaining Regular Strokes Width --- p.30 / Chapter 4.3.3 --- Maintaining Regular Spacing Among Strokes --- p.34 / Chapter 4.3.4 --- Hintings of Single Stroke Contour --- p.42 / Chapter 4.3.5 --- Storing the Hinting Information in Font File --- p.49 / Chapter 4.4 --- A Rasterization Algorithm for Printing --- p.51 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- A Simple Algorithm for Generating Smooth Characters --- p.52 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Algorithm --- p.54 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Results --- p.54 / Chapter 5 --- Experiments --- p.56 / Chapter 5.1 --- Apparatus --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2 --- Experiments for Investigating Rasterization Speed --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- Investigation into the Effects of Features of Chinese Fonts on Rasterization Time --- p.56 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Improvement of Fast Rasterizer --- p.57 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Details of Experiments --- p.57 / Chapter 5.3 --- Experiments for Rasterization Speed of Font File with Hints --- p.57 / Chapter 6 --- Results and Conclusions --- p.58 / Chapter 6.1 --- Observations --- p.58 / Chapter 6.1.1 --- Relationship Between Time for Rasterization and Stroke Count --- p.58 / Chapter 6.1.2 --- Effects of Style --- p.61 / Chapter 6.1.3 --- Investigation into the Observed Relationship --- p.62 / Chapter 6.2 --- Improvement of the Improved Rasterizer --- p.64 / Chapter 6.3 --- Gain and Cost of Inserting Hints into Font File --- p.68 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Cost --- p.68 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Gain --- p.68 / Chapter 6.4 --- Conclusions --- p.69 / Chapter 6.5 --- Future Work --- p.69 / Appendix

Este projeto de pesquisa tem como proposta o estudo dos critérios de formatação de funding1 que auxiliem nos projetos de transporte rodoviário no Brasil, em particular as estradas vicinais no Estado de São Paulo. A partir de uma análise crítica da formatação de modelos já existentes para estradas vicinais, no Brasil e no exterior, são estabelecidos processos para o levantamento e formatação de funding para esta classe de negócios. Através da condução de um estudo de caso destinado a avaliar a aplicação destes processos, ao final, esta proposição de critérios é consolidada em um conjunto de diretrizes para a formatação de funding para projetos de estradas vicinais. Desta forma, as empresas do setor de transporte rodoviário e ligadas às atividades do Agronegócio poderão alcançar níveis mais eficientes de planejamento e competitividade, melhorando o suporte às decisões de nível tático, tanto no ambiente da empresa quanto dos empreendimentos de estradas vicinais. / The objective of this research is to study the existing criteria of funding`s models applied in projects of road transportation in Brazil, in particular the feed roads in state of São Paulo. Starting from a critical analysis of existing references and criteria of funding`s models in feeder roads in Brazil and surrounding, processes and database are established to give support to format this type of business. Through study case required to evaluate the application of these processes, at the end, these criteria are consolidated to provide guidelines to format funding applied in feeder roads. So that, the companies of the sector of road transport and agribusiness sector will be able to reach more efficient levels of planning and competitiveness, and improve their support to tactical level decisions, as much in the environment of the company such as the environment of enterprises of feeder roads.

Pastaruoju metu Lietuvoje vis daugiau dėmesio skiriama kompiuterinio raštingumo svarbai ugdant informacinę visuomenę. Kompiuterinis raštingumas daro didelę įtaką įprastam raštingumui, rašto kultūrai, todėl darosi svarbu kompiuterinį raštingumą apžvelgti lituanistiniu aspektu. Bakalauro darbe aptariamos kompiuterinio raštingumo reikalavimų gairės, apibendrinami formalieji kompiuteriu spausdinamo teksto reikalavimai. Darbe analizuojami Šakynos pagrindinės mokyklos administracijos ir mokinių spausdinti tekstai, mokyklos internetiniame puslapyje esanti spausdinta informacija. Tekstai palyginti su kitų Šiaulių rajono pagrindinių mokyklų analogiškais tekstais. Kokybine anketų analize siekiama išsiaiškinti Šiaulių rajono pagrindinių mokyklų mokytojų požiūrį į kompiuterinį raštingumą mokyklose. Atlikus analizę daromos išvados, kad Šakynos mokyklos mokiniai ir visos Šiaulių rajono pagrindinės mokyklos daro nemažai klaidų tekstus rašant kompiuteriu, daugiausiai daroma rašybos ir skyrybos klaidų. Mokytojai teigia žinantys kompiuterinio raštingumo reikalavimus, tačiau iš mokinių atitinkamo raštingumo nereikalauja. / Recently, Lithuania is increasingly focused on the importance of computer literacy in developing the information society. Computer literacy has a significant impact on the normal literacy, written culture, so it becomes important to overview computer literacy from the aspect of Lithuanian-language. This bachelor thesis deals with the computer literacy guidelines and formal requirements for the computer printed text. The paper analyzes the texts of administration and students of Šakyna basic school and information of the school website. The quality of the texts is comparable with adequate texts of other basic schools of Šiauliai district. Qualitative analysis of the questionnaire is designed to ascertain teachers', from basic schools in Šiauliai district, attitude to computer literacy in education. The analysis concludes that students of Šakyna school and all other basic schools of Šiauliai district have a number of errors in the texts when writing a computer. Spelling and punctuation are the main errors. The teachers say they know the requirements of the computer literacy, but still they do not demand students’ competent literacy.

Humans are very effective at evaluating information visually. Scientific visualization is concerned with the process of presenting complex data in visual form to exploit this capability. A large array of tools is currently available for visual presentation. This research attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of three different presentation models that could be used for scientific visualization. The presentation models studied were, two-dimensional perspective rendering, field sequential stereoscopic three dimensional rendering and immersive virtual reality rendering. A large section of a three dimensional sub surface seismic survey was modeled as four-dimensional data by including a value for seismic reflectivity at each point in the survey. An artificial structure was randomly inserted into this data model and subjects were asked to locate and identify the structures. A group of seventeen volunteers from the University of Houston student body served as subjects for the study. Detection time, discrimination time and discrimination accuracy were recorded. The results showed large inter subject variation in presentation model preference. In addition the data suggest a possible gender effect. Female subjects had better overall performance on the task as well as better task acquisition.

Domain specific languages are sometimes useful to make it easier to express solutions to problems in a specific domain compared to general purpose programming languages. There are a number of tools available to create such languages, either as separate languages or by extending an existing language. One large problem with creating languages or language extensions is that existing tools are unaware of the new language, and therefore unable to properly assist the programmer unless all such tools are extended to support the new language. Extending all tools to support the new language is often a large enough task to be infeasible, especially for small languages. In this thesis, we propose using the compiler of the extensible language Storm to provide the information required for a text editor to provide syntax highlighting and code formatting. By using the Storm compiler to provide the required information, it is possible to use the Storm language definitions for syntax highlighting and code formatting in addition to compiling the language. This means that syntax highlighting and code formatting can be provided without requiring the language author to maintain multiple implementations of the language. The solution is evaluated by comparing the correctness and the responsiveness of the syntax highlighting to Emacs.

This degree project is dedicated to Waymark in Stockholm. Waymark is a consulting company where they, among other projects, develops a web application for one of the major banks in Sweden. Today the application is fully functional and deployed at the bank’s application server. Much of the work today is about maintenance but a lot of time goes to solve the bugs that the bank reports back to Waymark. One feature that was considered missing was to read the logs from the production environment in a smoothly manner. This functionality seemed appropriate for a degree project of ten weeks. The work is about solving this task and developing a prototype to be delivered to Waymark during the project. To solve this problem different log-analysis frameworks are tested to see how well they would fit. The web application is written in Java 7 and running on a WebSphere at the bank. The web layer is written in Wicket, jQuery and CSS3. Service layer running JPA2 and Google Guice used for dependency injection. For logging Log4J is used. The result turned out to be a built-in functionality in the application that manages the monitoring of the logs. Through the admin GUI, a specific log page can be opened where the user can read and filter the results to find the desired log messages. Configuration of Log4jJ has been done. Where on disk and how logs are stored has been discussed. Testing of the new functionality has been a high priority throughout the project. / Detta examensarbete är utfört åt Waymark i Stockholm. Waymark är ett IT-konsultbolag där bland annat en intern webbapplikation åt en storbank utvecklas. Applikationen är fullt fungerande och körs på bankens interna server. Idag förvaltar Waymark applikationen men ny funktionalitet införs konstant samtidigt som mycket arbete handlar om att lösa systemets buggar som banken rapporterar. En funktion som saknades var att kunna läsa loggarna från produktion på ett smidigt sätt. Denna funktionalitet ansågs som en passande uppgift för ett examensarbete på 10 veckor. Arbetet kretsar kring att utifrån den givna webbapplikationen undersöka hur denna funktionalitet skulle kunna se ut samt att utveckla fram en prototyp som levereras till Waymark innan projektets slut. I arbetet granskas logganalyserings ramverk för att se hur väl de skulle passa in i detta projekt. Webbapplikationen är skriven i Java 7 och körs på en WebSphere hos banken. Webblagret är skrivet i Wicket, jQuery och CSS3. Servicelagret kör JPA2 och Google Guice används för dependency injection. För loggning används Log4J. Resultatet blev en inbyggd funktionalitet i applikationen som sköter monitorering av loggarna. Via ett admin GUI kan en specifik loggsida öppnas där användaren kan söka och filtrera resultaten för att hitta önskade loggutskrifter. Konfiguration i Log4J har också genomförts. Var på disk och hur loggarna ska sparas har diskuterats. Testning av den nya funktionaliteten har haft hög prioritet genom hela projektet.

The purpose of this research was to determine whether changes in the presentation format of items in a computer display could be used to alter the impact of specific cognitive biases, and to add to the knowledge needed to construct theory-based guidelines for output design. The problem motivating this study is twofold. The first part of the problem is the sub-optimal decision making caused by the use of heuristics and their associated cognitive biases. The second part of the problem is the lack of a theoretical basis to guide the design of information presentation formats to counter the effects of such biases. An availability model of the impact of changes in presentation format on biases and heuristics was constructed based on the findings of a literature review. A six-part laboratory experiment was conducted utilizing a sample of 205 student subjects from the college of business. The independent variable was presentation format which was manipulated by altering the visual salience or visual recency of items of information in a visual computer display. The dependent variables included recall, perceived importance, and the subjects' responses to three judgment tasks. The results clearly demonstrate that changes in presentation format can be used to alter the impact of cognitive biases on human decision making. The results also provide support for the availability model, with the exception of the proposed influence of learning style. Learning style was found to have no significant impact on decision making whether alone or in combination with changes in presentation format. The results of this investigation demonstrate that by using our knowledge of cognitive processes (e.g., the visual salience effect, the visual recency effect, and the availability heuristic), presentation formats can be altered in order to moderate the effects of certain biases and heuristics in human decision making. An understanding of these results may be useful in improving DSS design.

Icons surround us but are so ubiquitous they are difficult to observe. Specifically urban cultural icons are a scientific sub-topic under urban morphology's heading and as well are closely related to economic development issues. This study premises that businesses are urban cultural icons which can be computed into four rankings: local cultural icons, focal, zonal, and global cultural icons. And through using dimensional measurement an index is measured. This index can then be used to assess urban morphology. The data set ranges from businesses opening in 1865 to the present. Some are globally-distributed "big boxes"; others are unique one-store shops. The varied data set includes grocery stores, drug stores, prepared food vendors, confectioneries, coffee houses, electronic stores, and an adult entertainment store. Business rankings are premised upon Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, Tönnies, and Oldenburg's places to socialize, and node intensity of social connection. Time is measured linearly and ordinally. Two formats of geographical ranking are assessed against each other, with the expanded version providing greater insights. Transactions are determined by who initiates them and location where employee enters exchange. Business' internal consistency is based upon product-line inclusion and theme-ing. Scaled measurements are summed with a comparison of Weighted-Place Index Scores against non-weighted Index Scores. As well, economic development impact of businesses is analyzed with three principal components loadings: two business survival and one growth mode. Study results support the use of Weighted-Place Index Scores as compared to nonweighted Index scores when formatting cultural icon index. Index score using four-level geographical ranking ranged from zero to 25. Morning Call Coffee House had lowest ranking (Index score of 3) and Best Buy had the highest score of 22. Weighted-Place Index Scores ranged from zero to 32, with Morning Call Coffee House continuing as lowest score and Starbucks, Bad Ass Coffee, as well ApplianceWorld and Best Buy continuing with four highest scores. This study supports a research method which can be used to measure urban change. By applying Index score within same cities at 20-year increments, sprawl process of globalization within cities can be analyzed.

Cette thèse prend pour objet la diffusion dans les grandes écoles et les universités de modules de sensibilisation et de formation à « l’entrepreneuriat » ou à l’ « esprit d’entreprendre » destinés aux étudiants. Articulant science politique, sociologie de l’éducation et sociologie économique, ce travail retrace la genèse d’un problème public, sa mise en politique publique, et sa traduction en curriculum pour produire des conduites économiques d’un type particulier. Basé sur une enquête combinant méthodes qualitatives (entretiens, observations, archives) et quantitatives (passage et traitement de questionnaires), cette recherche montre, d’une part, comment certains espaces de l’enseignement supérieur se transforment sous l’effet de l’appropriation de cette nouvelle mission éducative et, d’autre part, comment le projet d’éduquer à l’entreprise se voit à son tour transformé par sa mise en forme scolaire et académique. Par ailleurs, ce travail établit que, si l’acclimatation de l’entrepreneuriat dans l’enseignement supérieur est rendue possible par la variété des usages dont il fait l’objet dans cet espace, ceux-ci ne sont toutefois jamais en mesure de modifier radicalement la signification d’un projet d’ « éducation au libéralisme » dont le cadre sémantique s’est cristallisé de longue date. En proposant une sociologie historique et politique de l’éducation à l’entrepreneuriat, cette thèse entend renouveler la connaissance de l’enseignement supérieur de deux façons : d’abord, en en donnant à voir des espaces et des acteurs jusqu’ici mal connus ; ensuite, en étudiant conjointement des dimensions rarement appréhendées ensemble (politiques universitaires et contenus d’enseignement). Ce faisant, ce travail contribue à la compréhension des mécanismes sociaux de production, de circulation et de légitimation de croyances et de pratiques économiques propres au capitalisme contemporain. / This thesis analyzes the dissemination of training modules on « entrepreneurship » or « entrepreneurial spirit » to the students of the « grandes écoles » and universities in France. Located at the intersection of political science, sociology of education and economic sociology, this research traces the genesis of a public problem, policy-making surrounding it and its translation into a curriculum to produce specific economic behaviors.Based on a field survey combining qualitative methods (interviews, participatory observations, archival research) and quantitative methods (questionnaires), this thesis demonstrates how certain areas of higher education are transformed by the appropriation of this new educational mission, and how the project of entrepreneurship education is in turn transformed by its school and academic formatting. This thesis then highlights that if the various uses of entrepreneurship in higher education have made its acclimatization in this space possible, these uses, however, are never able to radically change the meaning of a project of « education to liberalism » whose semantic framework has crystallized for a long time. Proposing a historical and political sociology of entrepreneurship education, this research intends to renew the knowledge on higher education in two ways : first, it analyzes spaces and actors that are typically/historicallunderstudied ; second, it analyzes two dimensions rarely considered together (university policies and content). This thesis therefore contributes to understanding the social mechanisms of production, circulation and legitimization of economic beliefs and practices characteristic of contemporary capitalism.