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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
201

Fermetures et porosités dans les territoires urbains à Fort-de-France (Martinique) et Port of Spain (Trinidad et Tobago) / Urban barriers and porosities in Fort-de-France (Martinique) and Port of Spain (Trinidad and Tobago)

Gidel, Mélanie 31 January 2014 (has links)
Cette recherche s’inscrit dans le cadre des études sur la fragmentation urbaine. Elle privilégie les notions de fermeture et de porosité pour confronter les dynamiques territoriales à l’œuvre dans deux villes caribéennes aux caractéristiques longtemps similaires : Fort-de-France, dans le département de la Martinique, et Port of Spain, capitale de la République de Trinidad et Tobago. Les fermetures délimitent et séparent, mais elles se définissent aussi par leur degré de porosité et par les mises en relation qu’elles organisent, ce que la thèse tente de souligner, d’abord, sous l’angle des paysages urbains. Quoique souvent adossées à des divisions anciennes, héritées de la ville coloniale, les fermetures se déploient sous des formes nouvelles qui sont envisagées par les pouvoirs publics, à Fort-de-France, comme une menace pour la cohésion urbaine. Cette analyse n’est pas partagée à Port of Spain où l’échelle nationale prime sur l’échelle de la ville dans les logiques gestionnaires. La thèse s’appuie notamment sur les résultats de deux enquêtes de terrain pour mieux comprendre le jeu de ces délicates articulations et désarticulations d’échelles, qui nourrissent les phénomènes de fermeture dans la ville. La première enquête met en évidence les trajectoires divergentes de deux quartiers situés sur les marges sociales et spatiales des deux villes, Volga Plage et Sea Lots, dans un contexte de redéfinition des limites entre ville, mer et port. La seconde enquête, réalisée auprès de 228 écoliers, permet de confronter les modalités de gestion par le haut des fermetures dans la ville aux pratiques et aux aspirations des habitants. / This research falls within the scope of urban fragmentation studies. It focuses on the notions of barriers and porosities to confront urban change patterns in two Caribbean cities that used to have similar characteristics: Fort-de-France, in the French oversea department of Martinique, and Port of Spain, capital city of Trinidad and Tobago. Barriers delineate and separate, but they are also defined by their level of porousness and by the links that they organize, as this research intends to show, by first studying urban landscapes. Although barriers often stem from former divisions inherited from the colonial city, they manifest themselves in new forms which are regarded as a threat to urban cohesion by local authorities in Fort-de-France. This analysis is not shared by authorities in Port of Spain where the national scale dominates the scale of the city in terms of urban management. This thesis is mainly based on the results of two field studies that highlight the interplay of subtle articulations and disarticulation of scales, which may hinder or support the production of barriers in the city. The first survey examines the divergent prospects faced by two neighborhoods located on the social and spatial margins of both cities, Volga Plage and Sea Lots, in the context of redefining boundaries between the city, the sea and the port. The second survey, conducted with 228 school children, leads to question ongoing interactions between official responses to urban barriers and the inhabitants’ spatial practices and aspirations.
202

OSTEOTOMIA SEGMENTAR DE MAXILA CASO CLÍNICO / Segmental maxillary osteotomy: clinical case

Margoni Neto, Octavio 26 November 2012 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T16:31:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 OctavioNeto 2013.pdf: 510886 bytes, checksum: 254e09bfd0f9049c136d4a65a444f301 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-11-26 / Segmental osteotomy of Maxilla Osteotomy Le Fort I or Segmented is a procedure that has become increasingly common for dentofacial deformities surgeries, known as Orthognathic Surgery. This procedure is very well indicated for the correction of discrepancies in the different plans and jaw in a single surgical time, optimizing the time of the processing treatment for which the patient is submitted. Transversal skeletal stability and the occlusal of patients, who are subjected to this type of osteotomy, has been studied in the literature, as well as, potential risks and complications associated with this procedure, the dental tissues, oro-nasal fistula, tooth loss, necrosis of some segment of the jaw or even across the jaw. The aim of this study is to present the clinical case of a patient underwent to segmental maxillary osteotomy, and to do a review of literature covering the past 10 years, with articles that discuss the stability of this procedure, as well as the potential risks and complications . Using a few key words in the electronic data base PUBMED, 12 articles were selected for this work, during the period from 2002 to 2012. Segmental osteotomy of the maxilla is a stable and safe procedure, with low complication rate, when given correctly and with the proper care in pre, trans and post-operatory. / A Osteotomia Segmentar de Maxila ou Osteotomia Le Fort I Segmentada é um procedimento que tem se tornado, cada vez mais comum, nas cirugias para as correções das deformidades dentofaciais, conhecidas como Cirurgias Ortognáticas. Este procedimento é muito bem indicado para a correção das discrepâncias maxilares, nos diferentes planos e num único tempo cirúrgico, otimizando assim, o tempo de tratamento a que o paciente é submetido. A estabilidade esquelética transversal e a oclusal dos pacientes, que são submetidos a este tipo de osteotomia, tem sido objeto de estudo na literatura , assim como também, os potenciais riscos e complicações inerentes a este procedimento como, a desvitalização dentária, fístula oro-nasal, perda dentária, necrose de algum segmento da maxila ou até mesmo, de toda a maxila. O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar o caso clínico de um paciente submetido à osteotomia segmentar de maxila, e fazer uma revisão da literatura abrangendo os últimos 10 anos, com artigos que abordam a estabilidade deste tipo de procedimento, assim como também os potenciais riscos e complicações aos pacientes submetidos a este procedimento. Utilizando algumas palavras chave na base de dados eletrônica PUBMED, 12 artigos foram selecionados para este trabalho, no período de 2002 a 2012. A Osteotomia Segmentar de Maxila é um procedimento estável e seguro, com baixo índice de complicação, quando indicado corretamente e com os devidos cuidados no pré, trans e pós operatórios.
203

"Particularly New Mexico's Monument": Place-Making at Fort Union, 1929-2014

January 2016 (has links)
abstract: This dissertation examines the conception, planning, creation, and management of Fort Union National Monument (FOUN) in northeastern New Mexico. Over approximately the last eighty-five years, writers, bureaucrats, boosters, and the National Park Service (NPS) have all been engaged in several different kinds of place-making at FOUN: the development of a written historical narrative about what kind of place Fort Union was (and is); the construction of a physical site; and the accompanying interpretive guidance for experiencing it. All of these place-making efforts make claims about why Fort Union is a place worthy of commemoration, its historical significance, and its relationship to local, regional, national and international contexts. The creation and evolution of Fort Union National Monument as a memorial landscape and a place for communion with an imagined past—in short, a site of memory and public history—is only the latest chapter in a long history of migration, conflict, shifting ownership, and land use at that site. I examine the evolution of a sense of place at Fort Union in two broad time periods: the twenty-five years leading up to the monument’s establishment, and the seven decades of NPS management after it was created. Taken as a case study, the story of FOUN raises a number of questions about the basic mission and meaning of NPS as a cultural institution and educational organization; how the agency conceptualizes and “talks about” Native Americans and the Indian Wars; the history and practice of public history; and how best to address sites like Fort Union that seek to historicize America’s imperial past. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation History 2016
204

Avaliação de medidas lineares para osteotomia tipo Le Fort I por meio de diferentes programas de imagem utilizando a tomografia computadorizada / Assessment of linear measurements for Le Fort I osteotomy with different imaging software using computed tomography

Bruno Felipe Gaia dos Santos 11 September 2013 (has links)
O sucesso da cirurgia ortognática está relacionado com diversos fatores como análise facial precisa e acurada, e exames de imagem com alta qualidade. Atualmente, diversos programas de imagens tridimensionais, comerciais e abertos, estão disponíveis no auxílio diagnóstico, elaboração do plano de tratamento e simulação do procedimento cirúrgico para correção das deformidades dentofaciais. Entretanto, estudos avaliando os diferentes métodos de mensuração linear empregados pelos programas de imagem por meio da reconstrução 3D no planejamento da osteotomia tipo Le Fort I são escassos e, maiores esclarecimentos sobre sua precisão e a acurácia são necessários. O objetivo deste estudo foi estabelecer: a) precisão e acurácia de medidas lineares tridimensionais para osteotomia tipo Le Fort I obtidas por meio da tomografia computadorizada multislice (TCMS) e feixe cônico (TCFC) e b) comparar a precisão e acurácia de medidas lineares para osteotomia tipo Le Fort I realizadas por meio de três programas de imagem utilizando a 3D-TCFC. A amostra foi constituída por onze crânios secos submetidos à TCMS 64 canais e TCFC. As reconstruções tridimensionais (3D-TC) foram geradas, e medidas lineares (n=11) baseadas em estruturas e pontos anatômicos de interesse à osteotomia tipo Le Fort I foram realizados independentemente, por dois radiologistas experientes, duas vezes cada, utilizando programa Vítrea 3.8.1 em reconstruções 3D-TCMS e 3D-TCFC e os programas OsiriX 1.2 64-bit e Dolphin Imaging versão 11.5.04.35 por meio da 3D-TCFC. Sequencialmente, um terceiro observador experiente e calibrado, que não participou da análise das imagens, realizou as medidas sobre os crânios secos utilizando paquímetro digital (padrão ouro) com quais as medidas foram comparadas. A análise intra e inter-observadores assim como as correlações individuais de cada medida foram realizadas utilizando o coeficiente de correlação intra-classe (CCI), sendo o intervalo de confiança adotado de 95%. Os resultados demonstraram na análise intra-observador, utilizando o programa Vítrea, correlação excelente para todas as medidas variando de 0,87 a 0,96 e 0,82 a 0,98 para os observadores 1 e 2 respectivamente utilizando a TCMS e de 0,84 a 0,98 e 0,80 a 0,98 utilizando a TCFC. A análise inter-observadores variou de 0,85 a 0,98 para a TCMS e de 0,80 a 0,99 para a TCFC. A análise intra-observador utilizando os diferentes programas de imagem na TCFC apresentou variações de 0,90 a 0,97 (Vítrea), 0,65 a 0,97 (OsiriX) e 0,51 a 0,94 (Dolphin). Na análise inter-obsevador obtivemos valores de 0,92 a 0,99 e 0,88 a 0,98 para os observadores 1 e 2 respectivamente utilizando o Vítrea, 0,58 a 0,90 e 0,48 a 0,85 para o programa OsiriX e de 0,80 a 0,96 e 0,57 a 0,92 com o programa Dolphin. O programa Vítrea não apresentou diferenças estatisticamente significante nas análises intra e inter-observador e medidas físicas utilizando a TCMS e TCFC. Em relação à análise dos programas, diferenças estatisticamente foram constatadas com o programa OsiriX e Dolphin em relação ao padrão ouro. / The success of orthognathic surgery depends on many factors as precise and accurate facial analysis and high quality imaging exams. Nowadays a lot of commercial and open-source three-dimensional software programs currently available to assist diagnosis, elaboration of treatment planning, and to predict outcomes related to orthognathic surgery. The aim of this study was to establish: a) the precision and accuracy of three-dimensional linear measurements for Le Fort I osteotomy, obtained from multislice computed tomography (MSCT) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and b) compare the precision and accuracy of linear measurements for Le Fort I osteotomy performed by three different imaging software programs and obtained from 3D-CBCT images. The study population consisted of 11 dried skulls submitted to 64-row MSCT and CBCT scans. Three-dimensional reconstructed images (3D-CT) were generated, and linear measurements (n = 11) based on anatomical structures and landmarks of interest for Le Fort I osteotomy were performed independently by 2 oral and maxillofacial radiologists, twice each, using Vítrea 3.8.1 software for 3D-MSCT and 3D-CBCT and OsiriX 1.2 64-bit and Dolphin Imaging version 11.5.04.35 from 3D-CBCT. Subsequently, a third examiner expert in anatomical analysis and calibrated, who did not evaluate the images, performed measurements on dry skulls using a digital caliper (gold standard) with which the measurements were compared. The analyses of intra- and inter-observer as well as the individual correlations of each measurement were performed using the coefficient of intra-class correlation (ICC), with a confidence interval of 95 %. The intra-observer results showed that using the Vitrea program, excellent correlation for all measurements were reached with ICC values ranging from 0.87 to 0.96 and 0.82 0.98 for observers 1 and 2 respectively using the MSCT and 0.84 to 0.98 and 0.80 to 0.98 using CBCT. Inter-observer analysis ranged from 0.85 to 0.98 for MSCT and 0.80 to 0.99 for CBCT. The intra-observer analysis using the different programs using CBCT images varied from 0.90 to 0.97 for Vitrea, 0.65 to 0.97 for OsiriX and 0.51 to 0.94 using Dolphin. Inter-observer analysis demonstrated values ranging from 0.92 to 0.99 and 0.88 0.98 for observers 1 and 2 respectively using the Vitrea; 0.58 to 0.90 and 0.48 to 0.85 for OsiriX, and 0.80 to 0.96 and 0.57 to 0.92 using Dolphin. Vítrea software showed no statistically significant differences for intra-and inter-observer analysis and physical measurements using MSCT and CBCT. Regarding the analysis of softwares, statistical differences were found with the program OsiriX and Dolphin in comparison to gold standard.
205

Avaliação da fidelidade da referência externa em tecidos moles na cirurgia ortognática da maxila / Evaluation of the accuracy of soft tissue nasion reference point in maxillary surgery

Ramiro Beato Souza 26 March 2009 (has links)
Esse trabalho teve o objetivo de analisar a fidelidade da referência externa em tecidos moles no auxílio do posicionamento vertical da maxila. Foram selecionados 40 pacientes portadores de deformidade dentofacial e submetidos à osteotomia total da maxila. Os indivíduos foram divididos em 2 grupos no intuíto de avaliar duas técnicas de referência externa: a utilização da sutura em tecidos moles e o uso do fio de Kirschner. Esta última foi utilizada como a técnica do grupo-controle. Os dados foram colhidos em duas fases. Na primeira delas, foi realizada a mensuração da posição vertical da maxila antes da osteotomia Le Fort I e após a fixação da maxila, utilizando a referência externa. A partir desses números, foi obtida a alteração vertical de cada caso, colhida durante a cirurgia. Na segunda fase da coleta de dados, foram realizadas mensurações verticais da maxila baseadas nas radiografias cefalométricas pré e pós-operatórias. Assim, foi obtido o valor da alteração vertical de cada caso, baseado na documentação radiográfica. Após esta etapa, foi calculada a diferença entre a alteração vertical obtida durante a cirurgia e a alteração vertical colhida a partir das radiografias. Dessa forma, foram obtidos valores que correspondem às imperfeições no posicionamento vertical da maxila de cada paciente, tendo como base a posição do incisivo central superior. Os resultados foram comparados e analisados estatisticamente. A média aritmética da precisão no posicionamento vertical da maxila no grupo-controle foi de 0,52mm e do grupo da referência em tecidos moles foi de 0,65mm. A aplicação do teste t de Student a 5% revelou que não houve diferença estatística significativa entre o grau de precisão das duas técnicas de referência externa (P=0,429). Como conclusão, observou-se que as duas técnicas foram eficazes no auxílio ao posicionamento vertical da maxila e que a referência externa em tecidos moles apresentou um grau de precisão semelhante ao valor obtido com a técnica do fio de Kirschner. / The aim of this study was to analyze the accuracy of external reference placed in soft tissue nasion for vertical maxillary repositioning. Forty patients with dentofacial deformities who were to undergo Le Fort I maxillary osteotomy were separated into two groups to evaluate two different external reference measurement techniques: soft tissue nasion (study group) and Kirschner pins (control group). Data were collected in two phases. Initially the vertical position of the maxilla was assessed during surgery before Le Fort I osteotomy and after maxillary fixation, in relation to the external reference point, evaluating the intra-operative vertical alteration of each case. In the second phase, maxillary vertical measurements were done using the pre and pos-operative cephalometric radiographs to assess their radiographic vertical alteration. Differences among radiographic and intra-operative vertical variations of the maxilla were calculated to acquire values corresponding to discrepancies in maxillary positioning in relation to upper central incisor. Results were statistically compared and analyzed. The average of accuracy of vertical maxillary positioning was 0.525 mm for the control group and 0.650 mm for the study group. Student t test indicated no significant difference between both methods (P=0.429). In conclusion it was noted that both techniques were efficient for vertical maxillary repositioning and soft tissue nasion method showed a similar accuracy of that obtained with Kirschner pins.
206

Avaliação por imagem tridimensional das características morfológicas e do crescimento do terço médio da face de pacientes com craniossinostose sindrômica submetidos ao avanço frontofacial em monobloco associado à distração osteogênica / Three-dimensional image evaluation of midface morphological features and growth in syndromic craniosynostosis patients following frontofacial monobloc distraction

Cristiano Tonello 16 December 2016 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A osteotomia em monobloco para o avanço do terço médio e superior da face combinada ao alongamento ósseo gradual consiste em uma modalidade consagrada de tratamento das craniossinostoses sindrômicas. No entanto, alguns aspectos referentes à morfologia do terço médio facial dessas condições, seu comportamento durante o crescimento e quando submetido à cirurgia ainda são pouco compreendidos. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar, por meio de imagens tomográficas tridimensionais, um grupo de pacientes submetidos ao avanço frontofacial em monobloco associado à distração osteogênica, em idade de imaturidade esquelética, quanto às características morfológicas do terço médio da face, aos resultados obtidos com o avanço e seus efeitos no crescimento craniofacial comparados a um grupo não sindrômico. MÉTODOS: A amostra foi constituída de 25 indivíduos, em idade de dentição mista sendo: 16 submetidos ao avanço com exames de tomografia pré e pós-operatório e 9 de um grupo comparativo não sindrômico com exames de tomografia com 1 ano de intervalo durante o período de crescimento. Pontos de referência foram marcados nos modelos de superfície tridimensional do terço médio facial e as seguintes mensurações foram realizadas para o grupo comparativo, dos pacientes antes e após a cirurgia: determinação das dimensões da maxila, ângulos faciais e distâncias entre pontos na base do crânio e superfície da face. A mensuração das distâncias entre pontos correspondentes marcados nas imagens sobrepostas dos diferentes tempos foi utilizada para determinação da magnitude do avanço e comparada aos valores do grupo não sindrômico. Da mesma forma, o crescimento craniofacial prévio à cirurgia foi avaliado em 4 pacientes da amostra que dispunham de exames de tomografia com 1 ano de intervalo previamente ao avanço. O crescimento pós-operatório foi avaliado em 9 pacientes que tinham exames de tomografia com 1 ano de intervalo após o procedimento e ambos foram comparados com o crescimento observado no grupo não sindrômico. RESULTADOS: A maxila dos pacientes com craniossinostose é menor em largura e comprimento comparada aos não sindrômicos. Os ângulos faciais formados pelos pontos orbitário direito e esquerdo e ponto A, zigomático direito e esquerdo e ponto A são estatisticamente diferentes dos não sindrômicos. As distâncias do ponto Sela aos pontos do terço médio são menores nos pacientes comprometidos mas atingem valores comparáveis aos não sindrômicos após o avanço. O crescimento no grupo de crianças com craniossinostose embora não tenha apresentado valores estatisticamente diferentes dos demais, numericamente cresce menos que o grupo comparativo tanto prévia como posteriormente ao procedimento. CONCLUSÕES: O terço médio facial nas craniossinostoses apresenta configuração anatômica alterada, a maxila é hipoplásica e os ângulos faciais mais obtusos denotam uma menor projeção da porção central em relação às laterais. O avanço permite a normalização da posição, no entanto não muda a configuração alterada do terço médio. O crescimento aparentemente está comprometido independente do procedimento cirúrgico / INTRODUCTION: The monobloc osteotomy combined with gradual bone lengthening to advance the upper and midface is an established treatment modality of syndromic craniosynostosis. However, some aspects related to midface morphology and changes during growth and following surgery are still poorly understood. OBJECTIVES: Three-dimensional tomographic image evaluation of patients undergoing frontofacial monobloc distraction group in immature skeletal age is the objective of the study. The morphological characteristics of the midface, the results obtained with the advancement and its effects on craniofacial growth compared to a nonsyndromic group were evaluated. METHODS: The sample consisted of 25 patients of mixed dentition age: 16 submitted to advancement with pre- and postsurgery CT scans and 9 of a comparison nonsyndromic group with CT scans at 1-year intervals during craniofacial growth. Reference points were placed in the 3-dimensional surface models of the midface, and the measurements were performed to compare patients in the pre- and postsurgery groups: determination of the maxillary dimensions, facial angles, and distances between points on the skull base and the surface of the face. The measurement of distances between homologous points placed in the 3D superimposition of images from different times was used to determine the magnitude of the advancement and compared to the values of the nonsyndromic group. Presurgical growth was evaluated in 4 patients that had a 1-year interval prior to the surgery CT scans. Postsurgical growth was evaluated in 9 patients who had CT scans at 1-year intervals after the procedure, and they were compared with the growth of the nonsyndromic group. RESULTS: The maxillary width and length of syndromic patients are smaller compared to the nonsyndromic group. Facial angles formed by right and left orbital points and point A and the right and left zygomatic and Point A are statistically different from those in the nonsyndromic group. The distances from the point Sela to the midface points are lower in syndromic patients but reach values comparable to the nonsyndromic group after advancement. However, growth in the group of children with craniosynostosis did not yield statistically different values of others; it is smaller than the comparison group. CONCLUSION: The midface of syndromic craniosynostosis has a changed anatomical shape, the maxilla is hypoplastic, and the most obtuse facial angles denote a lower projection of the central portion relative to the lateral. The advancement allows the normalization of the position, but the midface shape is not changed.The growth apparently is affected independently of the surgical procedure
207

Estudo morfométrico da maxila: avaliação tomográfica para planejamento de cirurgias Le Fort I

Souza, Thainara Salgueiro de 24 March 2014 (has links)
Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-06-16T18:23:36Z No. of bitstreams: 1 thainarasalgueirodesouza.pdf: 1530638 bytes, checksum: f0b2f7df80129372428b700e7e7b897e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Adriana Oliveira (adriana.oliveira@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-07-13T14:26:11Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 thainarasalgueirodesouza.pdf: 1530638 bytes, checksum: f0b2f7df80129372428b700e7e7b897e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-13T14:26:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 thainarasalgueirodesouza.pdf: 1530638 bytes, checksum: f0b2f7df80129372428b700e7e7b897e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-24 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / A região posterior da maxila é altamente vascularizada e com diversas estruturas anatômicas importantes. A manipulação dos ossos do crânio durante osteotomias do tipo Le Fort I pode inadvertidamente causar danos aos vasos e nervos da região, além de poder atingir os ápices dos dentes superiores. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar a variação anatômica da maxila posterior em uma subpopulação brasileira, considerando o gênero, a faixa etária, a simetria bilateral e a relação com os dentes superiores. Foi analisado um total de 200 exames de pacientes da região da Zona da Mata Mineira (Minas Gerais, Brasil), de ambos os gêneros, com faixas etárias variadas (até 30 anos; 31 a 50 anos; 51 a 60 anos e a partir de 61 anos). Foram selecionados cortes sagitais, coronais e axiais, nos quais foram analisadas medidas lineares ósseas (M1 a M8) e medidas dentárias. Os resultados indicaram que tanto as medidas ósseas, com as medidas dentárias apresentaram uma tendência à simetria bilateral. O gênero do paciente influenciou nas medidas ósseas, sendo que os homens apresentaram valores significativamente superiores para as medidas M1, M3, M4 e M7. A faixa etária influenciou mais nas medidas dentárias do que nas medidas ósseas, sendo que indivíduos de maiores faixas etárias apresentaram valores significativamente superiores para todos os dentes avaliados, exceto para os incisivos. Para as medidas ósseas, apenas M3, M6 e M8 foram significativamente superiores para os indivíduos mais jovens. As correlações das medidas ósseas entre si não apresentaram resultados clinicamente relevantes, no entanto, todas as correlações entre as medidas dentárias foram significativas e positivas. Foi observada uma alta frequência de secções radiculares para osteotomias com altura de 3 mm em relação ao assoalho da cavidade nasal, sendo o canino o dente mais frequentemente lesado. Esses principais resultados forneceram informações importantes sobre a anatomia da região posterior da maxila de uma subpopulação brasileira, auxiliando na definição de um protocolo seguro para a realização das osteotomias maxilares. / The posterior maxilla is highly vascularized and with several important anatomical structures. The manipulation of the skull bones during osteotomies Le Fort I may inadvertently cause damage to the vessels and nerves of the region, in addition to reaching the apex of the upper teeth. The objective of this study was to analyze the anatomic variation of the posterior maxilla in a Brazilian subpopulation, considering gender, age, bilateral symmetry and relationship with the upper teeth. It was analyzed a total of 200 examinations of patients in the area of Zona da Mata Minas (Minas Gerais, Brazil), of both genders, with different age groups (up to 30 years; 31-50 years; 51 to 60 years and from 61 years). Sagittal, coronal and axial slices were selected, in which bone linear measurements (M1 to M8) and dental measurements were analyzed. The results indicated that both measures, bone and dental measurements, showed a tendency to bilateral symmetry. The gender of the patient influence on bone measurements, whereas men showed significantly higher values for the M1, M3, M4 and M7 measures. The age group most affected in dental measures than on bone measurements, and individuals of older age groups showed significantly higher values for all evaluated teeth, except for the incisors. For bone measurements, only M3, M6 and M8 were significantly higher than for younger individuals. Correlations between bone measures itself showed no clinically relevant results, however, all correlations between dental measures were significant and positive. A high frequency of root sections for osteotomies was observed with a height of 3 mm above the floor of the nasal cavity, the canine tooth the most frequently injured. These main results provided important information about the anatomy of the posterior maxilla of a Brazilian subpopulation, helping to define a secure protocol for achievement maxillary osteotomies.
208

Les fortifications ottomanes d’Alger : Essai de restitution typologique et défensive 1516-1830 / The Ottoman fortifications of Algiers : Essay of typological and defensive restitution 1516-1830

Benselama-Messikh, Safia 12 December 2014 (has links)
Le XVIe siècle qui voit l'expansion de l'empire ottoman en Méditerranée orientale, propulse la petite bourgade d'Alger au rang de capitale de Régence et bastion militaire de la Porte Sublime, sur les côtes du Maghreb, face à l'hégémonie de l'empire espagnol. Les Ottomans qui la transforment en ville guerrière, lui créent un port artificiel, la dotent de nouveaux remparts et établissent autour d'elle, un réseau de points de fortification, qui quadrille le territoire et contrôle la province. Entre 1516 et 1830, Alger qui est surnommée al Maḥrūssa (la bien gardée), reste imprenable par la mer. Son souci permanent de protection se traduit par un renforcement et un entretien continuels de ses fortifications. Cet essai qui ne prétend qu'à une contribution au vaste champ de recherche d'un corpus inédit, est une enquête sur une architecture totalement inexplorée, sur la base d'archives et de relevés in situ. L'exploration des archives du Génie militaire français, constituant une source fondamentale en grande partie inédite, servira à la restitution de la structure défensive de la province d'Alger. L'intérêt de ce travail réside principalement dans l'identification des typologies constructive et architecturale militaires d'Alger ottoman, qui permettent de cerner la culture constructive de guerre ottomane en Afrique du Nord. / The 16th century which saw the expansion of the ottoman empire in Eastern Mediterranean, propels the small town of Algiers to the rank of capital of Regency and military bastion of the Sublime Porte, on the Maghreb coast, facing the hegemony of the Spanish empire. The Ottomans who transform it into city Warrior, creates an artificial port, equipped with new ramparts and establish around it, a network of points of fortification, which quadrille the territory and supervise the province. Between 1516 and 1830, Algiers which is called al Maḥrūssa (well kept), remains impregnable by the sea. Its permanent concern for protection is to show the strengthened and continual maintenance of its fortifications. This essay claiming to a contribution to the vast field of research of an unpublished corpus is an investigation into a totally unexplored architecture, on the basis of archives and records in situ. The exploration of the archives of the French military engineering, constituting a fundamental source largely unpublished, will serve as the return of the defensive structure of the province of Algiers. The interest of this work lies mainly in the identification of the military constructive typologies and architectural of ottoman Algiers, which identify the constructive culture of Ottoman war in North Africa.
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A Study of the Organization and Administration of the Industrial Arts Program in the Junior High Schools in Fort Worth, Texas, with Emphasis upon the Curriculum

Payne, Robert Furman 05 1900 (has links)
The specific purposes of the study are: 1. To ascertain the curriculum pattern with respect to the different phases of industrial arts taught in all the junior high schools. 2. To ascertain the phases or unit and subject matter content taught in each of the junior high schools. 3. To ascertain the grade levels at which the various phases and units of learning are taught in each school. 4. To ascertain if there are variations in subject matter content taught in each of the junior high schools. 5. To make suggestions and recommendations based upon the findings of the study for improving organization and administration of the industrial arts program.
210

An Art Program Utilizing Discarded Materials in the Improvement of Interiors of Homes of Children in a Low Income Group

Abram, W. B. 01 1900 (has links)
The problem with which this investigation is concerned is that of planning and carrying out an art program in which a particular group of students in a low income group, by utilizing discarded and inexpensive materials, can create useful and satisfying objects for the improvement of their home interiors.

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