Current policy to extend early childhood education by placing grade R in public primary schools is politically, economically and educationally motivated. Quality education in grade R has definite long term economic advantages and could ensure equal educational opportunities. The educator is a key factor in this issue and her perception of her work life determines to a large extent the success of the initiative. The work fulfilment of the grade R educator is approached in this research from a labour law perspective and was conducted in the field of Education Law. The philosophic base of Education Law is found in the German educational term geborgenheit, which refers to the safety and security of all role players in education. The experience of security is regarded as a prerequisite for work fulfilment. The Constitution, education legislation, labour law, relevant case law and the common law were studied as legal determinants for work fulfilment. A qualitative enquiry into educators’ perceptions of their work life was conducted amongst participants in a specific area, which included schools from different socio–economic and cultural backgrounds. The essence of the findings is that, in spite of the existence of legislation which in principle should provide for physical and psychological security, educators still experience insecurity and therefore a lack of work fulfilment because of the ineffective implementation of law and policy. Widespread ignorance regarding the nature of quality education in grade R exists and the insistence on educator centralised teaching limits the work fulfilment of especially well–trained educators. Awareness of the advantages of a play based, whole–child approach has to be developed. This approach, as well as knowledge of legal determinants, promote work fulfilment, since both serve the best interests of the child as well as the educator. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

Current policy to extend early childhood education by placing grade R in public primary schools is politically, economically and educationally motivated. Quality education in grade R has definite long term economic advantages and could ensure equal educational opportunities. The educator is a key factor in this issue and her perception of her work life determines to a large extent the success of the initiative. The work fulfilment of the grade R educator is approached in this research from a labour law perspective and was conducted in the field of Education Law. The philosophic base of Education Law is found in the German educational term geborgenheit, which refers to the safety and security of all role players in education. The experience of security is regarded as a prerequisite for work fulfilment. The Constitution, education legislation, labour law, relevant case law and the common law were studied as legal determinants for work fulfilment. A qualitative enquiry into educators’ perceptions of their work life was conducted amongst participants in a specific area, which included schools from different socio–economic and cultural backgrounds. The essence of the findings is that, in spite of the existence of legislation which in principle should provide for physical and psychological security, educators still experience insecurity and therefore a lack of work fulfilment because of the ineffective implementation of law and policy. Widespread ignorance regarding the nature of quality education in grade R exists and the insistence on educator centralised teaching limits the work fulfilment of especially well–trained educators. Awareness of the advantages of a play based, whole–child approach has to be developed. This approach, as well as knowledge of legal determinants, promote work fulfilment, since both serve the best interests of the child as well as the educator. / Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2011.

A survey was done in order to identify the predictors that contribute to satisfaction with qowl. A positive correlation was found between satisfaction with facets of work life and overall satisfaction with qowl. No significant difference was found between overall satisfaction and the mean of the satisfaction with the facets of work life. Organisational climate seemed to have the greatest influence. Significant predictors are identification with the organisation, participation, communication, resource management, work group functioning, reward system, health and safety aspects, job security and the rate of pay. Significant differences were found between rank, occupational, race and age groups. When need non-fulfilment scales are added to facets of work life measures, increase in the prediction of overall satisfaction is significant. The need to do work that supports moral values contributed most significantly to overall satisfaction. The most frequent preference was for financial security, followed by recognition, relationships and for achievement. / Psychology / M.A.

In the thesis a methodology of understanding and explicating Christian faith consistent with the mystery of the simultaneous close connection and radical difference of God, human beings and the physical-organic cosmos environment is been mapped out. The theanthropocosmic principle as an expression of the mystery functions as the heuristic key in opening up the notion of kenosis (and incarnation) of Jesus Christ and the Holy Spirit within the scope of the enduring interaction of . The Spirit in the kenotic sense of the word connects and differentiates the overall processes of being and becoming, here and there, now and then of the mystery of the `presences' of God, human beings and the natural cosmic world in being there (Dasein), being thus and thus (Sosein) and being dynamically actual (Aktsein). God acts in terms of the Spirit's operational kenotic presence within the margins of the creatureliness of people and the natural cosmic world as the kenotic clothing of God. A dynamic interpretation of the integral and differential character of being and becoming suggests that making sense of the dynamics of the formation of identities and identification is an ever ongoing endeavour. It implies a continuous process of negotiation whilst experiencing various continuums, remaining open-ended in an ever-increasing sense of wonder and mystery of "exitus a Deo-reditus in Deum". / Systematic Theology and theological Ethics / D. Th. (Systematic Theology)

Dissertation includes problems of internal and external audit. The goal of this work is on the basis teoretical knowledge and information got from experience, to do internal and external audit of fulfilment by drawings of financial subvence. The result of both made audits is final report.Work is composed from three parts, first part- theoretical-describes progress of internal audit, its essence and definitions, regulation frame, which characteristics ought to fulfil an internal auditor, then running of audit, including requirements, respectively formal as well as objective, for the final report of made audit.Second part-also theoretical-describes external audit, respectively in anologous structure as internal audit.Third part-analytical- includes make of both audits, respectively in context of rendered financial subvene of public service subject ,concretely to community Skály.Within an analytical part is processed contract, agenda of both audits, including final reports of made audit.At the close of this part is made comparison of both audits.

Denna studie undersöker relationen mellan psykologiska kontrakt och utbrändhet i syfte att utöka kunskapsområdet. Studiens genomfördes bland sjukvårdspersonal i Sveriges offentliga sektor och bestod av 43 kvinnor och nio män (N = 52). Psykologiska kontrakt avser outtalade och subjektiva förväntningar och skyldigheter mellan anställda och arbetsgivare. Kontraktet kan i sin tur brytas ner i tre separata kontraktstyper: transaktionella, relationella och ideologiska. Studien syftar till att identifiera sambanden mellan kontraktstyperna, psykologiska kontraktets uppfyllelse och upplevd utbrändhet. Genom en enkät mättes graden av deltagarnas kontraktstyper, kontraktets uppfyllelse samt arbetsrelaterade krav och resurser. Psykologiska kontraktstyperna verkar vara ett för smalt område att undersöka i relation till utbrändhet eftersom dessa inte visade på någon signifikant predicerbarhet. Resultatet visade däremot att bristande uppfyllelse av det sammanställda psykologiska kontraktet har ett signifikant samband med ökad utbrändhet, utöver krav och resurser. Korrelationsanalys med det psykologiska kontraktet och krav/resurser visar på resultat i liknelse med Job Demands-Resources. Trots att resurser har ett positivt samband med kontraktets uppfyllnad så verkar denna effekt inte vara lika stark som den negativa inverkan från krav. Arbetstempo och känslomässiga krav sticker ut som de starkast korrelerade variablerna och betonar vikten av att säkerställa ett hanterbart tempo samt att tillhandahålla hjälpmedel för att lindra den känslomässiga bördan av arbetet inom sjukvården. Studien understryker att både arbetsgivare och anställda måste adressera explicita och implicita förväntningar för att minska risken för utbrändhet. Att säkerställa en balans mellan arbetskrav och resurser, samt att uppfylla psykologiska kontrakt, är avgörande för att förbättra mental hälsa och arbetstillfredsställelse bland sjukvårdspersonal. / This study investigates the relationship between psychological contracts and burnout to widen the field. The study took place among healthcare workers in the Swedish public sector and consisted of 43 women and nine men (N = 52). Psychological contracts refer to the unspoken and subjective expectations and obligations between employees and employers. These contracts can be divided into three separate types: transactional, relational, and ideological. The study aims to identify the associations between these contract types, the fulfilment of psychological contracts, and perceived burnout. Through a survey, the participants' contract types, contract fulfilment, job demands and resources were measured. The psychological contract types seem to be too narrow an area to investigate in relation to burnout, as they did not show any significant predictability. However, the results indicated that the lack of fulfilment of the overall psychological contract has a significant association with increased burnout, beyond job demands and resources. Correlation analysis between psychological contracts and job demands/resources shows results similar to the Job Demands-Resources model. Although resources have a positive relationship with contract fulfilment, this effect does not appear to be as strong as the negative impact of demands. Work pace and emotional demands stand out as the most strongly correlated variables, emphasizing the need for ensuring a manageable pace and providing tools to ease the emotional burden of work in healthcare. The study highlights that both employers and employees must address explicit and implicit expectations to reduce the risk of burnout. Ensuring a balance between job demands and resources, as well as fulfilling psychological contracts, is crucial for improving mental health and job satisfaction among healthcare personnel.