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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

The distribution and ecology of the Gammaridea (Crustacea Amphipoda) of the lower Chesapeake estuaries /

Feeley, James Bernard, Wass, Marvin Leroy, January 1971 (has links)
Thesis--School of Marine Science, College of William and Mary. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 45-48).
2

Some aspects of the biogeography and ecology of intertidal and shallow subtidal marine gammaridean amphipods of Mauritius (Indian Ocean) /

Appadoo, Chandani, January 1997 (has links)
Thesis (M. Sc.), Memorial University of Newfoundland, 1998. / Bibliography: leaves 144-164.
3

Effets (sub)individuels et fonctionnels des nanoparticules manufacturées sur des Crustacés Gammaridae / (Sub)individual and functional effects of nanoparticles on freshwater Crustaceans Gammaridae

Andreï, Jennifer 18 December 2015 (has links)
Qu’il s’agisse de crèmes solaires, d’additifs à carburant ou d’emballages alimentaires, ces produits d’utilisation courante contiennent des nanoparticules, et l’ensemble des processus de leur production, utilisation et vieillissement conduit à un relargage direct ou non dans les milieux aquatiques. Le rejet accru de nanoparticules dans les écosystèmes d’eau douce est donc à prendre en considération et soulève la question de leurs effets potentiels sur les organismes y vivant. Le programme collaboratif ANR P2N – MESONNET (2011 – 2015) s’est attaché à décrire le devenir des nanoparticules (transfert et transformation dans les milieux et dans les organismes vivants) ainsi qu’à déterminer leur écotoxicité. Le travail présenté dans ce manuscrit a pris part à cette évaluation en étudiant les effets de nanoparticules d’argent, de titane et de carbone (nanotubes) sur des Crustacés Amphipodes appartenant au genre Gammarus. L’approche expérimentale mise en œuvre a cherché à évaluer, en laboratoire, l’effet sur les gammares de l’exposition aux nanoparticules en focalisant sur des biomarqueurs mesurés au niveau (sub)individuel (cellulaire, physiologique, comportemental) et sur des paramètres ayant trait à leur rôle fonctionnel dans les écosystèmes. La démarche s’est voulue la plus proche possible des conditions naturelles en envisageant des scénarios de contamination environnementalement réalistes : exposition dans un milieu complexe (eau prélevée dans le milieu naturel) à de faibles concentrations en nanoparticules et en présence de nourriture. Dans ce contexte, l’étude des effets des nAg sur trois espèces de gammares a révélé une plus forte sensibilité de G. roeseli, chez lequel l’exposition a engendré une réduction de l’activité locomotrice et de la production de fines particules de matière organique (FPOM). Sur le plan physiologique, une augmentation de la consommation en oxygène a été observée chez des gammares exposés aux nAg, et ce, malgré une stabilité de réponse des marqueurs du métabolisme énergétique étudiés. La consommation en oxygène s’est avérée corrélée aux concentrations en argent mesurées dans les organismes, ainsi qu’à la taille des nanoparticules testées. L’influence de la forme des nanoparticules (nAg : triangulaires plates et sphériques ; nTiO2 : cubiques ou en bâtonnets) et de la présence de matière organique (NTC) a été étudiée en mésocosmes, en ciblant principalement des indicateurs cellulaires (réserve énergétique, réponse antioxydante, dommage...) et individuels (osmorégulation, ventilation et locomotion). Les résultats obtenus suggèrent des effets dépendants de la forme des nanoparticules. L’ensemble de ces travaux souligne l’intérêt d’une double approche, écologique et écotoxicologique, permettant de mieux appréhender les effets des nanoparticules sur les écosystèmes d’eau douce / Products incorporating nanoparticles are now ubiquitous in our everyday life. For example, sunscreens, fuel additives or food packaging materials contain nanoparticles which could be released in the aquatic environment during the entire life cycle of the nanoproduct, from its production to its use and aging. Therefore an increase of nanoparticle emissions in the aquatic ecosystems needs to be considered and raises the question about their potential effects on living organisms. The collaborative program ANR P2N – MESONNET (2011- 2015) was focused on the evaluation of the nanoparticle fate (transfer and transformation in media and living organisms) and on their ecotoxicity. The present work took part in this assessment by studying the effects of nanoparticles of silver, titanium and carbon (nanotube) on the Crustaceans Amphipod Gammarus sp.. The experimental approach was designed to assess, in laboratory conditions, the effect of nanoparticles on the gammarids, focusing on biomarker measurements at the (sub)individual level (cellular, physiological, behavioral) and on some parameters related to their functional roles. Experiments were designed as close as possible to natural conditions using environmentally realistic contamination scenario: exposure in a complex media (natural water from river) to low nanoparticle concentrations and with food. In this context, the effects of nAg were investigated in three gammarids species and results revealed a higher sensibility of G. roeseli, for which exposure induced a decrease of the locomotor activity and of the production of fine particles of organic matter (FPOM). At the physiological level, an increase of the oxygen consumption was observed in gammarids exposed to nAg, despite a stability observed for the studied markers of energetic metabolism. The oxygen consumption was correlated with the silver concentration measured in the organisms, and also with the tested nanoparticle sizes. The influence of the nanoparticle forms (nAg: plate triangular and spherical; nTiO2: cubic and rod-shaped) and of the organic matter (CNT) was studied in mesocosms by focusing mainly on cellular indicators (energetic storage, antioxidant response, damage…) and individual ones (osmoregulation, ventilation and locomotion). The obtained results suggest form-dependent effects of nanoparticles. This work shows the interest of a coupled approach using ecological and ecotoxicological endpoints to better understand the effects of nanoparticles on freshwater ecosystems
4

Gammaridean amphipods from Tomales Bay, California

Gray, Walter Scott 01 January 1969 (has links)
The purpose of this study is to describe the sediment-dwelling, infaunal gammaridean amphipods of Tomales Bay and to relate their distribution to known variations in the physical environment. Also, the Tomales Bay amphipod fauna is compared to the faunas of other West Coast bays.
5

Förekomst av mikroplaster i tångmärlor (Gammaridae) längs södra Hallandskusten

Karlsson, Joakim January 2020 (has links)
Since the middle of the 20th century, scientists have observed that marine organisms ingest plastics in various shapes, directly or through food. Plastics smaller than 5 millimetres, called microplastics, have in recent years gained more attention and been found to accumulate environmental toxins. A family of organisms which have been found to ingest microplastics is Gammaridae, which are important as food sources and detritivores in many ecosystems. In this study, the occurrence of microplastics in marine gammarids was investigated in three rural and three urban areas, along the coast of Halland and northern Skåne. The aim was to find out if these organisms contain microplastics and to compare the occurrence in rural versus urban areas. Microplastics were found in 33 (approx. 14.9 %) of 221 samples, ranging from 0 to 3 microplastics per individual. A significant difference in the average amount of microplastics per individual was found between the rural and urban areas; the urban areas had a higher average, with one exception. In other studies, urban areas have been found to often contain more microplastics than rural areas, increasing the possibility that organisms in these areas ingest plastics. With more boat traffic and inhabitants in general, along with streams transferring plastics from inland areas, the amount of emissions in urban areas can be greater than in rural parts. The result shows that microplastics occur in marine gammarids in the 3 examined areas and that these organisms therefore may have an important part in the transfer of microplastics between trophic levels. / Sedan mitten av 1900-talet har forskare observerat att marina organismer tar in plaster i olika former, direkt eller via föda. Plastpartiklar mindre än 5 millimeter, så kallade mikroplaster, har på senare år fått större uppmärksamhet och har också visat sig kunna ackumulera miljögifter. En familj av organismer som man funnit mikroplaster i är tångmärlor (Gammaridae), vilka i många ekosystem är viktiga som födokällor och nedbrytare. I denna studie undersöktes förekomsten av mikroplaster i marina tångmärlor på tre lokaler i stadsområden respektive landsbygdsområden, längs Hallandskusten och Skånes norra kust. Syftet var att se ifall dessa organismer innehåller mikroplaster samt jämföra förekomsten i landsbygdsområden kontra stadsområden. Av 221 analyserade prov förekom mikroplaster i 33 (ca 14,9 %) och förekomsten per individ varierade från 0 till 3 mikroplaster. En signifikant skillnad i medelvärde av mikroplaster per individ fanns mellan landsbygdsområden och urbana områden; urbana områden innehöll i genomsnitt mer men med ett undantag. I andra studier har man funnit belägg för att stadsområden ofta innehåller mer mikroplaster än landsbygdsområden, något som ökar risken för att organismer i dessa områden tar in plaster. Med mer båttrafik och antal invånare överlag, tillsammans med vattendrag som för med sig plast från inlandet, kan det i dessa områden ge en större utsläppsmängd i jämförelse med i landsbygdsområden. Resultatet visar på att mikroplaster förekommer i marina tångmärlor i de undersökta områdena och att dessa organismer därmed kan vara en viktig del i överföringen av mikroplaster mellan trofiska nivåer.

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