Social medias användningsområde har under de senaste åren ökat. Från att till enbörjan användas av privatpersoner till att nu även vara en del av flertalet företag.Tekniken kan skapa nya tillfällen att synas, skapa kundrelationer samt kommunikationsmöjligheter. Det finns olika syften med att använda social mediamen värdet kommer inte från plattformen i sig utan från hur den används. För attett företag ska använda social media kan det finnas anledning att acceptera och varamedvetna om att kritik riktat till företaget offentliggörs. Forskning pekar på attföretag förväntas bemöta åsikter, uppfattningar och upplevelser från konsumenter.Dock saknas tydlig vetskap om hur eller på vilket sätt. Vi har genom en kvalitativstudie, intervjuat representanter från olika företag gällande deras sätt att bedrivakritikhantering på social media. Studien resulterade i tre övergripande teman medunderliggande exempel som beskriver hur företag hanterar kritik på social media. / The use of social media has increased in recent years. Individuals used it first, andnow it has become a part of multiple companies. Technology can create newopportunities for companies to show them self publicly, create customer relations aswell as communication opportunities. The purposes of using social media arevarious, but the value it brings is not from the platform itself, but from the ways it isbeing used. In order for a company to use social media, there may be reason toaccept and be aware of that criticism addressed to the company will be public.Research indicates that companies are expected to respond to opinions, perceptionsand experiences from customers. However, clear knowledge of how or in what wayis missing. We have through a qualitative study, interviewed representatives fromvarious companies regarding their way of conducting criticism management onsocial media. The study resulted in three overarching themes with underlyingexamples illustrating how companies manage criticism on social media.

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Executive summary Purpose: Current research [1] compared the differences in terms of perception of trustworthiness and emotional appeal of traditional and consumer generated marketing media and [2] evaluated the correlation between factors of the recently developed relationship communication framework (Finne & Grönroos, 2009) with the perception of a marketing action by actual customers of a firm, to see whether these factors should be considered in firm’s marketing communication strategy. Additionally, the researchers compared the correlations between traditional and consumer generated media types to the relationship communication factors, effectively combining the two researched subjects.        Design and execution: The research utilized quantitative research approach relying on simple random sampling technique within fitness and recreational settings.   Findings/Implications: Data analysis confirmed that there is a consistent difference between traditional and consumer generated media in terms of perception of trustworthiness and partial and not consistent difference in terms of emotional appeal. Mild correlation between consumer unique factors of relationship communication framework (Finne & Grönroos, 2009) and perception of the marketing action have been confirmed, with these correlations remaining consistent between traditional and consumer generated media. The findings suggest that traditional and consumer generated media have varying impacts on consumer’s perception of marketing action and that incorporating consumer unique factors of relationship communication framework (Finne & Grönroos, 2009) in marketing communication strategy may benefit the firm in relationship building and integrated marketing communication.

This thesis describes the development of a system for the procedural generation and painterly rendering of trees. Specifically, the rendered trees are modeled after those found in the oil landscape paintings of 19th century French painter Camille Corot. The rendering system, which is a combination of MEL-scripted Maya tools and Renderman shaders, facilitates the creation of still images that look convincingly painterly, as well as 3D animations with temporal coherence. Brush stroke properties are animated based on distance from the camera, so that traditional painting techniques for representing depth are incorporated into the computer-generated animations. During the development process, the system was generalized to apply to other structures, such as grass and rocks, and allows for the creation and rendering of entire landscapes. Several example animations were created with the system to demonstrate the ideas developed during the process and the quality of the results.

The technical feasibility of hypersonic flight (i.e., re-entry, hypersonic flight vehicles, cruise missiles, etc.) hinges on our ability to understand, predict, and control the transport of turbulence in the presence of non-equilibrium effects. A theoretical analysis of the governing equations suggests a mechanism by which fluctuations in internal energy are coupled to the transport of turbulence. Numerical studies of these flows have been conducted, but limited computational power results in reduced fidelity. Experimental studies are exceedingly rare and, consequently, experimental data available to build and evaluate turbulence models is nearly non-existent. The Decaying Mesh Turbulence (DMT) facility was designed and constructed to generate a fundamental decaying mesh turbulent flow field with passive grids. Vibrational non-equilibrium was achieved via a capacitively-coupled radio-frequency (RF) plasma discharge which required an operating pressure of 30 Torr. The flow velocity was 30 m/s. Data was recorded with each grid at multiple plasma powers (Off, 150 W, and 300 W). Over two terabytes of highly resolved (3,450 image pairs) two-dimensional particle image velocimetry (PIV) was acquired and archived. Temperature measurements were carried out using coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS). The primary objective of this study was to answer the fundamental scientific question: "Does thermal non-equilibrium alter the decay rate of turbulence?" The results of this study show that the answer is "Yes." The results demonstrate a clear coupling between thermal non-equilibrium and turbulence transport. The trends observed agree with those expected based on an analysis of the Reynolds stress transport equations, which provides confidence in transport equation-based modeling. A non-trivial reduction (~30%) in the decay rate downstream of the 300 W plasma discharge was observed. The data also show that the decay of TKE downstream of the plasma discharge was delayed (~20% downstream shift). In addition, the thermal non-equilbrium was observed to have no effect on the transverse stress. This suggests that, for this flow, the energy dilatation terms are small and unaffected by the plasma discharge, which simplifies modeling.

This thesis presents an efficient, animation production-centric solution to the articulation and animation of computer generated automobiles for creating animations with a high degree of believability. The thesis has two main foci which include an automated and customizable articulation system for automobile models and a vehicle animation system that utilizes minimal simulation techniques. The primary contribution of this thesis is the definition of a computer graphics animation software program that utilizes simulation and key-frame methods for defining vehicle motion. There is an emphasis on maintaining efficiency to prevent long wait times during the animation process and allow for immediate interactivity. The program, when implemented, allows for animation of a vehicle with minimal input and setup. These automated tools could make animating an automobile, or multiple automobiles of varying form and dimensions much more efficient and believable in a film, animation, or game production environment.

In recent years, the field of design has met new grounds with the growing awareness among design researchers of the potential relationships between cognitive studies of creativity and computational modeling. The turn of the studies has given rise to the emergence of a new paradigm of modeling and understanding mental processes in creative design. This study tries to gain further insight into the creative occurrence by blending virtual experiences with designer actions in a model of creative thinking in concept generation phase based on the Geneplore Model by Finke et al. (1995) and supported by analogy construction incorporating the implementation of a computer based tool (Black Box) running on PC platform as a potential immanent part of the concept generation phase. Black Box is devised in such a way that the core of the constructive process of the analogy relies on the designer&amp / #8217 / s expressional, perceptual and conceptual actions which are presented in the traditional methods of sketching and writing, whereas the change and expansion of the design space is realized through the virtual worlds the tool offers via the computer screen. The research method is based on the development of Black Box tool and its subsequent implementation in a study with eight experienced design consultants, utilizing a procedure composed of preliminary interview, observational protocol analysis, questionnaire and retrospective interview. Through encoding actions of individual designers by means of their maps in the computational tool, the study yields significant results in revealing differing thinking maps of different designers which have been used to propose a general creative thinking map of concept generation in Black Box presented in a way to be adapted for further studies. Moreover, the study provided insight on the methods used to assist creativity in concept generation by different designers, on the selection of inspirational material and on the integration of analogies as knowledge transformers to evoke design concepts.

Optics has the inherent advantages of parallelism and wide bandwidths in processing information. However, the need to interface with electronics creates a bottleneck that eliminates many of these advantages. The proposed research explores novel optical devices and techniques to overcome some of these bottlenecks. To address parallelism issues we take a specific example of a content-addressable memory that can recognize images. Image recognition is an important task that in principle can be done rapidly using the natural parallelism of optics. However in practice, when presented with incomplete or erroneous information, image recognition often fails to give the correct answer. To address this problem we examine a scheme based on free-space interconnects implemented with diffractive optics. For bandwidth issues, we study possible ways to eliminate the electronic conversion bottleneck by exploring all-optical buffer memories and all-optical processing elements. For buffer memories we examine the specific example of slow light delay lines. Although this is currently a popular research topic, there are fundamental issues of the delay-time-bandwidth product that must be solved before slow light delay lines can find practical applications. For all-optical processing we examine the feasibility of constructing circuit elements that operate directly at optical frequencies to perform simple processing tasks. Here we concentrate on the simplest element, a sub-wavelength optical wire, along with a grating coupler to interface with conventional optical elements such as lenses and fibers. Even such a simple element as a wire has numerous potential applications. In conclusion, information processing by all-optical devices are demonstrated with an associative memory using diffractive optics, an all-optical delay line using room temperature slow light in photorefractive crystals, and a subwavelength optical circuit by surface plasmon effects.

The new developments behind Web 2.0 have increased the complexity of web systems making the task of securing these systems a challenging problem. As a result, end-to-end security for web access has been hindered by the limitations of current web security policies and by the lack of systems that enable effective enforcement of policies. The focus of this dissertation is on how new tools and frameworks may be designed to aid the protection of web systems by acting as policy specification and enforcement points. In particular, we develop a set of policies and frameworks for three web players--the user, the web browser and the web application--that determine the end-to-end security of web content. Our contributions include a framework for users to specify security policies, a platform to enforce user policies for third-party applications, a systematic analysis of browser policy issues, and a mechanism to provide improved end-to-end security/integrity guarantees.

Originally presented as the author's thesis (doctoral)--Universität Würzburg, 2008. / Includes bibliographical references.