The degree of access to American higher education has changed over the years. During the 1980s and 1990s, higher education witnessed an increase in the diversity of students while enrollment in higher education reached approximately 14,000,000. With the matriculation of a wider array of students, higher education realized a need to understand these students better. Researchers began to investigate issues that they considered possible influences on the experiences of students in higher education. Questions were raised as to the roles that gender, race, and socioeconomic status might play in a student's college experience. Comparatively, generational status is one factor that has not been given as much attention by researchers. The purpose of the present study was to compare a sample of first generation students and non-first generation students who enrolled at the same institution in the same year. The goal was to provide a description of first generation students' demographic characteristics, pre-college behaviors, and values and beliefs. Data on 3,966 first-year students who completed the Annual Freshman Survey (CIRP) and who enrolled at the selected institution in the fall of 1998 were analyzed. Results revealed significant differences on 64 out of 206 total chi-squares conducted. The majority of significant differences related to issues of money. / Master of Arts

The main aim of the study is to compare the extent to which the need for autonomy, relatedness and competence of baby boomers, generation X, Y and Z employees of Denel Dynamics is being satisfied and how this influences motivational strategies. The issue of generation is becoming more important due to different ways and methods required to manage different generations. A quantitative study was done by means of a structured questionnaire which was used in to determine the motivational preferences of the participants. This questionnaire was developed by Van den Broeck, Vansteenkiste, De Witte, Soenens and Lens (2010) and is based on the self-determination theory developed by Deci and Ryan. Results indicate that baby boomers have a stronger need for autonomy as compared to the other generations. Similar needs for relatedness were shown by all the generations. In view of the findings, recommendations are made to management to optimize motivational strategies and these recommendations show how each generational needs relating to self-determination theory should be addressed. / MBA (Business Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The main aim of the study is to compare the extent to which the need for autonomy, relatedness and competence of baby boomers, generation X, Y and Z employees of Denel Dynamics is being satisfied and how this influences motivational strategies. The issue of generation is becoming more important due to different ways and methods required to manage different generations. A quantitative study was done by means of a structured questionnaire which was used in to determine the motivational preferences of the participants. This questionnaire was developed by Van den Broeck, Vansteenkiste, De Witte, Soenens and Lens (2010) and is based on the self-determination theory developed by Deci and Ryan. Results indicate that baby boomers have a stronger need for autonomy as compared to the other generations. Similar needs for relatedness were shown by all the generations. In view of the findings, recommendations are made to management to optimize motivational strategies and these recommendations show how each generational needs relating to self-determination theory should be addressed. / MBA (Business Administration), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2015

The ability of liberalised electricity markets to trigger investment in the generation capacity required to maintain an acceptable level of security of supply risk has been - and will continue to be - a topic of much debate. Like many capital intensive industries, generation investment suffers from long lead and construction times, lumpiness of capacity change and high uncertainty. As a result, the ‘boom-and-bust’ investment cycle phenomenon, characterised by overcapacity and low prices, followed by power shortages and high prices, is a prominent feature in the debate. Modelling the dynamics of generation investment in market environments can provide insights into the complexities involved and address the challenges of market design. Further, many governments who preside over liberalised energy markets are developing policies aimed at promoting investment in renewable generation. Of particular interest is the mix and amount of generation investment over time in response to policies promoting high penetrations of variable output renewable power such as wind. Consequently, improved methods to calculate expected output, costs and revenue of thermal generation subject to varying load and random independent thermal outages in a power system with a high wind penetration are needed. In this interdisciplinary project engineering tools are applied to an economic problem together with knowledge from numerous other disciplines. A dynamic simulation model of the aggregated Great Britain (GB) generation investment market has been developed. Investment is viewed as a negative feedback control mechanism with current and future energy prices acting as the feedback signal. Other disciplines called upon include the use of stochastic processes to address uncertainties such as future fuel prices, and economic theory to gain insights into investor behaviour. An ‘energy-only’ market setting is used where generation companies use a classical NPV approach together with the Value at Risk criterion for investment decisions. Market price mark-ups due to market power are also accounted for. The model’s ability to simulate the market trends witnessed in GB since early 2001 is scrutinised with encouraging findings reported. A reasonably good agreement of the model with reality, gives a degree of confidence in the realism of future projections. An advancement to the dynamic model to account for expected high wind penetrations is also included. Building on the initial model iteration, the short-term energy market is simulated using probabilistic production costing based on theMix of Normals distribution technique with a residual load calculation (load net of wind output). Wind speed measurement data is combined with the outputs of atmospheric models to assess the availability of the GB wind resource and its relationship with aggregate load. Simulation results for 2010-40 suggest that the GB system may experience increased generation adequacy risk during the mid to late the 2020s. In addition, many new investments are unable to recover their fixed costs. This triggered an investigation into the design of a capacity mechanism within the context of the modelling environment. In light of the ongoing GB market electricity market reform debate, two mechanisms are tested; a strategic reserve tender and a marketwide capacity market. The goal of these mechanisms is to mitigate generation adequacy risk concerns by achieving a target winter peak de-rated capacity margin.

Thesis (D.B.A.)--Argosy University, Sarasota, 2003. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 164-[176]).

The door to college is open for increasing numbers of students for whom adapting to college may be a great challenge (Kamphoff, Hutson, Amundsen, & Atwood, 2007). Hansen (1998) noted that the overall academic preparation level has declined for students entering college and that academic disengagement in college has increased among many students. The educational background of the parents has been shown to have a significant impact on a student's decision to attend college (Choy, 200). Many firs-generation students come from ethnic and educational backgrounds that historically have struggled with the educational system (Somers, Woodhouse, & Cofer, 2004). The purpose of the study was to determine if there is a relationship between students' parental educational background and selected academic and non-academic variables of entering college freshmen. The participants in this study were enrolled at Southern Illinois University Carbondale, a comprehensive public Midwestern research university, during academic years 2006-2008. Academic and non-academic factors were assessed to determine if differences existed between first-generation and non-first-generation students. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences versions 16.0 (SPSS 16.0) and Microsoft Excel 2007. Descriptive statistics were calculated to provide a general profile of the students. Descriptive data analyzed included demographic information, non-academic data (assessed using the Bryson Instrument for Noncognitive Assessment), and academic data (high school GPA and rank, ACT composite and subscores).

The solution for the generating energy derived from non-polluting sources configures a worldwide problem, which is undetermined, complex, and gradual; and certainly, passes through the diversification of the energetic matrix. Diversification means not only having different sources converted into useful energy, like the electricity, but also decentralizing the energy generation in order to fit with higher adequacy the demand, which is decentralized too. Distributed Generation proposes this sort of development but in order to increase its penetration several technical barriers must be overpassed. One of them is related to the conversion systems, which must be more flexible, modular, efficient and compatible with the different energy sources, since they are very specific for a certain area. The present study drives its efforts towards this direction, i.e. having a system with several inputs for combining different renewable energy sources into a single and efficient power converter for the grid connection. It focuses on the design and control of an 11.7 kW hybrid renewable generation system, which contains two parallel circuits of photovoltaic panels and a wind turbine. A multicell converter divided in two stages accomplishes the convertion: Generation Side Converter (GSC) and Mains Side Converter (MSC). Two boost converters responsible for the photovoltaic generation and a rectifier and a third boost, for the wind constitue the GSC. It allows the conversion to the fixed output DC voltage, controlling individually and performing the maximum power point tracking in each input. On the other side, the single-phase 4- cell MSC accomplishes the connection to the grid through an LCL filter. This filter uses an Intercell Transformer (ICT) in the first inductor for reducing the individual ripple generated by the swicthing. The MSC controls the DC-link voltage and, by doing that, it allows the power flow from the generation elements to the network.

De senaste 30 åren har tekniken gjort allt större framsteg vilket har lett till att människan idag är mer beroende av den. Människor från de äldre generationerna måste lära sig hur den nya tekniken fungerar medan den yngre generationen inte behöver lika lång lärotid för att förstå den i och med att de är uppväxta med den nya tekniken. På grund av att de olika generationerna har olika uppväxter har det resulterat i att de resonerar olika.  För att en organisation ska ha en god framtid är medarbetarna en viktig tillgång. Den yngre generation identifieras som generation Y eller Millenials och är redan en viktig del av arbetsmarknaden. Genom att lära sig hur generation Y resonerar och ta reda på hur de motiveras, samt hur man leder dem kan innebära en fördel som kan ha en positiv påverkan på organisationen.  I denna kvalitativa forskningsansats undersöks hur generation Y fungerar, vad som påverkar dem och hur de resonerar. Studien utgår från två frågeställningar; vad det är som motiverar yngre medarbetare och vilken typ av ledarskap som ska användas för att motivera unga medarbetare. Syftet med studien är att förstå hur yngre medarbetare motiveras och hur de ska ledas inom organisationen.   Studien är en fallstudiedesign där arbetets teoretiska referensram bygger på vetenskapliga artiklar. Teorierna och modellerna redovisar hur yttre samt inre motivation påverkar individens motivation, skillnaden de två motivationsteorierna Selfdetermination Theoryoch Cognitive Evaluation Theory för att senare utgå från studier om hur de olika generationerna resonerar och avslutas med olika ledarskapsmodeller som visar vilka faktorer som en ledare ska ta hänsyn till för att kunna leda generation Y. Vidare består undersökningsmetoden för det empiriska underlaget av semi-strukturerade intervjuer för att få information om vad som motiverar den yngre generationen och vilka ledaregenskaper en ledare ska ha. Respondenterna består av fem chefer från olika generationer och fem medarbetare inom generation Y.  Studiens slutsats visar att individer inom generation Y motiveras främst av inre motivation. Inre motivation innebär att individen deltar i aktiviteten för sin egen skull, för att han eller hon är intresserad av den samt för tillfredställelsen. Den faktor som påverkar individer inom generation Y är främst relationen till chefer och kollegor. Vidare visade det sig att individer inom generation Y har ett större behov av en förstärkt inre motivation samt uppmuntran och uppmärksamhet. Individer inom generation Y ser främst att arbetsuppgifterna är roliga och utmanande då de motiverar individen att arbeta.   För att leda individer inom generation Y finns det inget specifikt ledarskap som fungerar bäst. Studien visar att chefer ska anpassa sin ledarskapsstil för att kunna tillfredsställa de krav som generation Y har på arbetslivet. De ledarskapsfaktorer som är viktigast för en ledare är att kunna kommunicera med sina medarbetare där ledaren ska framföra saker och ting på ett tydligt sätt samt att stödja, vägleda och uppmuntra sina medarbetare. / Generation Y or Millennials are people born 1980-1999. They are raised with a more advanced technology like no other generation before them. The technology has affected the individuals from generation Y in a way which has led them to become impatience. Studies have shown that people in generation Y are very emotional compared to other generations before them. Individuals from generation Y are already entering the labour market. Studies have shown that if an organisation wants to have a bright future the employees are a very important access. A leader who knows how to motivate and lead his co-workers has a great asset which may have a positive impact on the organisation. The purpose of this study is to understand what motivates people who are included in generation Y and what kind of leadership suits them best. Most of the theoretical framework came from scientific articles with theories and models of motivation and leadership for generation Y. Semi-structured interviews were chosen for the research method to get right information. The result of the study showed that generation Y is mostly motivated by inner motivation and prefer a leader who can adapt to the many work situations that can occur in the organisations.

Developments in automatic code generation are evolving remarkably fast, with companies and researchers competing to reach human-level accuracy and capability. Advancements in this field primarily focus on using machine learning models for end-to-end code generation. This project introduces the system CodeFromVoice, which explores an alternative method for code generation. This method relies on existing Natural Language Processing models combined with traditional parsing methods. CodeFromVoice shows that this approach can generate code from text or transcribed speech using Automatic Speech Recognition. The generated code is limited in complexity and restricted to the context of an existing application but achieves a Word Error Rate of less than 25%. / Utvecklingen av automatisk kodgenerering visar stora framsteg, med företag och forskare som tävlar om att nå mänsklig nivå av noggrannhet och förmåga. Framsteg inom detta område fokuserar främst på användning av maskininlärningsmodeller för hela kodgenerering processen. Detta projekt introducerar systemet CodeFromVoice, som utforskar en alternativ metod för kodgenerering. Denna metod bygger på befintliga NLP-modeller kombinerat med traditionella parsning metoder. CodeFromVoice visar att detta tillvägagångssätt kan generera kod från text eller transkriberat tal med automatisk taligenkänning. Den genererade koden är begränsad i komplexitet och begränsad till sammanhanget av en existerande applikation, men uppnår en ordfelfrekvens som är mindre än 25%.

Denna uppsats avser att undersöka huruvida kognitiva, instrumentella och altruistiska arbetsvärderingar skiljer sig åt mellan Generation X (de födda mellan 1967–1977) och Generation Y (de födda mellan 1986–1996). Uppsatsen utgår dels från teorin om mänskliga värderingar, dels från teorin om värdeförskjutningar mellan sociala generationer. Forskare som undersökt sambandet har främst använt tvärsnittsdata, något som gör det svårt att säkerställa om den observerade effekten verkligen beror på social generation eller andra faktorer. På grund av denna problematik tillämpar denna uppsats istället time-lag data, vilket innebär att data samlas in vid olika tidsperioder avseende olika individer i samma ålder. Därmed går det med ökad säkerhet att påstå att den eventuella effekten beror på social generation. För att undersöka sambandet har enkätdata insamlats från International Social Survey Programme avseende två olika tidpunkter, år 1997 och år 2015. Datamaterialet från studien år 1997 avser mäta Generation X:s arbetsvärderingar medan data från studien år 2015 avser mäta Generation Y:s arbetsvärderingar. Urvalet består av individer mellan 20 och 30 år bosatta i Sverige vid undersökningstillfället och inkluderar 217 respondenter från 1997 års studie och 98 respondenter från 2015 års studie. Att uppsatsen sker i svensk kontext bidrar till forskningsfältet då majoriteten av tidigare studier främst har genomförts i USA. För att undersöka sambandet mellan värderingar i arbetslivet och Generation X och Generation Y, tillämpas bivariata- samt multipla regressionsanalyser. Resultatet tyder på att Generation X värderar kognitiva aspekter av arbetet i signifikant högre utsträckning än Generation Y. Avseende instrumentella och altruistiska arbetsvärderingar uppvisas inga signifikanta skillnader mellan de två sociala generationerna. Resultatens generaliserbarhet kan anses påverkas av det relativt låga urvalet, vilket gör att slutsatser bör göras varsamt.