A presença de inúmeros fatores presentes no meio que influem na promoção da saúde pública leva a uma preocupação crescente em relação às condições de salubridade ambiental em que a população está inserida. A salubridade corresponde à promoção da saúde e conseqüentemente à melhora da qualidade de vida, envolvendo aspectos sanitário-ambientais e socioeconômicos. É nesta linha de pesquisa que o presente trabalho teve como objetivo geral a avaliação da saúde pública do município de Tucuruí-PA, através da análise da exposição da população ao nível sanitário-ambiental local. O estudo adotado para a determinação desta relação foi o corte-transversal, onde foi utilizado o inquérito epidemiológico, com a aplicação de questionários temáticos sobre condições de saneamento ambiental e condições socioeconômicas dos 600 domicílios que foram sorteados nas três áreas (A, B e C) escolhidas para comporem a área de amostragem do município. Dessa forma, foi composto um sistema simplificado de indicadores de saneamento ambiental que, em conjunto com os indicadores de saúde foram analisados através de recursos estatísticos com o uso de análise uni e multivariada para a descrição das áreas investigadas e a determinação da existência ou não de relação entre esses indicadores. Cada domicílio inquerido foi georreferenciado e após a análise dos dados foi possível a sua espacialização possibilitando a localização das áreas de maior ocorrência dos agravos à saúde. Como resultado do trabalho de pesquisa, foi constatada a existência de relação entre a ocorrência de agravos à saúde nas áreas investigadas e suas condições sanitário-ambientais. A área B foi a área que apresentou os mais baixos índices relativos aos indicadores de saneamento ambiental e na maioria das vezes, a área de maior ocorrência de agravos ou risco à saúde da população. Foi possível a determinação dos possíveis fatores de risco à ocorrência dos agravos à saúde referente às condições sanitário-ambientais dos locais investigados, gerando assim subsídios à tomada de decisões por parte dos gestores municipais em prol da melhoria da qualidade de vida e bem-estar da população / The presence of several environmental factors that influence in health promotion, leads to an increasing about the environmental salubrity that the population is exposed. The salubrity leads to health promotion and consequently an improvement of life quality, involving sanitary-environmental and socioeconomic aspects. This research had as general objective the evaluation of public health in three areas of Tucuruí county, in state of Pará, Brazil, through the analysis of the population exposition to sanitary-environmental local level. The investigation study applied to this research was the transversal cut, with the application of thematic questionnaires about the environmental sanitation and socioeconomic conditions of 600 residences that was sorted in three chosen areas (A, B and C) that made up the sample area of the county. This way, a simplified system of environmental sanitation indicators was created, that along with the health indicators, were analyzed through statistical resources with the use of univariate and multivariate analysis to the description of the investigated areas and the determination of existence (or not) of relation between them. Each residence was georreferenced and, the data analysis, the data spatialization was possible with the localization of occurrence disease areas. As result of this research, the existence of relationship between the occurrence of diseases and the environmental-sanitary conditions was detected. The area B was the area that presented the lowest levels of environmental-sanitary indicators and most of the times this area was the area with the highest occurrence of diseases or risks to population health. The risk factors to the disease occurrence were determined related to the environmental-sanitary conditions of the investigated areas, supplying information to an effective decision-making by the local managers in order to the improvement of the quality of life and the well-being of the population

Orientador: Enrique Ortega Rodriguez / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-04T04:16:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Agostinho_FeniDalanoRoosevelt_M.pdf: 5515682 bytes, checksum: a618000c06cfd6ed0291a718a583842d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005 / Mestrado / Engenharia de Alimentos / Mestre em Engenharia de Alimentos

Light Detection and Ranging (LIDAR) är en teknik för att samla in data om terräng. Genom att använda dessa data kan man skapa olika terrängmodeller. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka hur olika procentuella reduceringar av ursprungsdata påverkar kvalitén hos genererade höjdmodeller i form av Triangular Irregular Network (TIN). Detta görs genom att med hjälp av statistiska metoder göra jämförelser mellan punkter i den genererade TIN modellen och motsvarande punkter i det ursprungliga LIDAR punktmolnet. Studien visar att, beroende på noggrannhetskrav och topografi, en så liten andel som 5 % av punkterna kan vara tillräckligt, samt att noggrannhetsförbättring vid användning av mer än 50 % av ursprungsdata inte kan motivera den ökade arbetsbelastningen för datahantering.

Dans nos sociétés où l'information est devenue omniprésente, la capacité à pouvoir capter et exploiter celle-ci est un enjeu majeur pour toute entité amenée à prendre une décision. En effet, de cette capacité dépendent ensuite les actions et les moyens d'interventions qui seront engagés. Mais, face à l'augmentation des données disponibles, au nombre croissant d'acteurs et à la complexification des menaces, l'environnement dans lequel évolue le décideur est marqué par une grande incertitude. Ce constat général se retrouve également au sein de la surveillance maritime qui se caractérise par des menaces hétérogènes, par une zone d'action très vaste et par un réseau important d'acteurs.De ce fait, cette thèse se propose d'étudier les potentialités des ontologies spatiales à la fois comme objet de modélisation, de partage et d'inférence. L'objectif est de fournir aux experts du domaine un environnement adapté permettant la modélisation des connaissances relatives aux comportements anormaux de navires. Néanmoins, ces connaissances sont par nature spatio-temporelles. Il a donc été nécessaire d'étendre les fonctionnalités initiales du langage SWRL afin de prendre en compte ces caractéristiques.Enfin, l'approche adoptée a ensuite été mise en application au sein du prototype OntoMap. De l'extraction des données, à l'analyse cartographique celui-ci offre les éléments nécessaires à la compréhension d'une situation anormale. / In our societies, where information is everywhere the capacity to capture and analyze this information is a major issue for every entity that must take a decision. From this capacity dependsthe efficiency of the actions and measures that will be undertaken. But face with the large increase of available data, the increasing number of actors and the increasing complexity of threats the strategic environment in which decision-makers operates is characterized by a significant uncertainty. This general observation is also present in the maritime domain characterised by heterogeneous threats, a large effective area and a large number of stakeholders.Therefore, this proposed research explores the potentiality of spatial ontologies for modelling, sharing and inference. The purpose is to provide a suitable environment for the experts where knowledge about abnormal maritime behaviour can be modelled. However, this knowledge is spatio-temporal. It has therefore been necessary to extend the initial functionality of the SWRL language to take into account these characteristics.Finally, the adopted approach has been had been implemented inside the OntoMap prototype. From retrieving the data to the cartographic analysis, this prototype offers all the necessary elements to understand an abnormal situation.

Geographical information systems (GIS), data mining and wild land fire would theoretically be suitable to use together. However, would data mining in reality bring out any useful information from wild land fire data stored within a GIS? In this report an investigation is done if GIS and data mining are used within Räddningstjänsten today in some municipalities of the former Skaraborg. The investigation shows that neither data mining nor GIS are used within the investigated municipalities. However, there is an interest in using GIS within the organisations in the future but also some kind of analysis tool, for example data mining. To show how GIS and data mining could be used in the future within Räddningstjänsten some examples on this were constructed.

Products are displayed in a shelf to market and sell to the public. It creates an interest and attracts people towards it. Likewise, any country or city can showcase itself by using Web over the internet which will attract the tourists from around the world. This example can be used for the city of Hyderabad. Hyderabad has truly become an international city and there are many multinational companies establishing themselves. It is rapidly becoming a hot spot for tourists from around the world because of its exotic locations and facilities provided by the government. The city has been famous for historical monuments and culture, but in the recent years it has developed into a world class IT destination for many multinational IT companies and due to this it has attained world recognition on the global scenario. The time is to reap the benefits of this image and promote the city’s tourist sector by globally marketing the tourist attractions, facilities and services in an innovative and better way so that tourists from around the world visit the city and thereby contribute to the country’s economy with the foreign currency. This research deals with developing a Web-based GIS application that can promote the city’s tourist activities and also provide the users with an innovative way to access the spatial content of the city. GIS content forms the core component of this application as it provides the users with the spatial information about the place that is very close to reality. It supports the human tendency of “What you see is what you believe” by displaying the spatial information on the map. The application has been developed with the latest mapping server technology provided by Environmental Science Research Institute’s ArcIMS 9.1. This server software provides simple and easy methods to launch a Web-based GIS application over the Internet.

The problem of increasing eutrophication encouraged the Baltic States to implement new measures, which would help to decrease the nutrient load into the Baltic Sea. Constructed wetlands are considered as one of the possible solutions to the problem of nutrient leakage from agricultural areas in Sweden. The aim of this study was to identify the best wetland locations in the Lake Ringsjön basin (in southern Sweden, Scania) using Land Score System (LSS) based on Geographic Information System (GIS). The required area of wetland was calculated on the base of average daily discharge in the whole basin. Next, the possible wetland sites were compared with the location of major nitrogen leakage sources (municipalities, and agriculture). The scenario, which came out from the implemented model (the wetland area required for each sub basin in the Lake Ringsjön basin), was compared to the two scenarios investigated by Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute (SMHI), where wetlands covered 0,4 and 2% of the total cropland area in the Lake Ringsjön basin. The result shows that the second SMHI’s scenario relates in some sub basins to the required wetland area calculated in my model. However, in some cases the wetland area seems to be underestimated.

The constant improvement in computer application development techniques, combined with the technological advancement of electronic devices that support such systems, comes with the most contributing significantly different areas of knowledge, adding to these, often, greater accuracy and agility in their processes. Based on this context, and returning our looks for areas of geographic information System (GIS), and Digital image processing, the development of two programs that serve as a proposal of technological innovation as regards the vectorization of areas of interest on satellite images, and creating the buffer variable on the same, this variation that follows the characteristics of width of the area considered. Both programs were developed in the Python programming language and has as final product a shape file containing the vectorization of all areas found in a satellite image by means of classification or filtering. Also presents itself in this work the manipulation of files generated, in order to guide the actions necessary to use, in the best way, the product of these programs, thus helping the user of GIS computer systems for the performance and accuracy of their work. / O constante aperfeiçoamento nas técnicas de desenvolvimento de aplicativos computacionais, associado ao avanço tecnológico dos dispositivos eletrônicos que suportam tais sistemas, vem contribuindo significativamente com as mais diversas áreas do conhecimento, agregando a estas, muitas vezes, maior precisão e agilidade em seus processos. Com base neste contexto, e voltando nossos olhares para as áreas de Sistema de Informações Geográficas (SIG), e Processamento Digital de Imagens, realizou-se o desenvolvimento de dois programas que servissem como proposta de inovação tecnológica no que diz respeito à vetorização de áreas de interesse sobre imagens de satélite, e criação de buffer variável sobre as mesmas, variação esta que segue as características de largura da área analisada. Ambos os programas foram desenvolvidos na linguagem de programação Python e tem como produto final um arquivo shape contendo a vetorização de todas as áreas encontradas em uma imagem de satélite por meio de classificação ou filtragem desta. Também se apresenta neste trabalho a manipulação dos arquivos gerados, a fim de nortear as ações necessárias para que se utilize, da melhor forma, o produto desses programas, desta maneira auxiliando o usuário dos sistemas computacionais de SIG referente ao desempenho e precisão do seu trabalho.

This thesis deals relationship between geographical information systems and decision support systems. Its objective is to verify hypothesis, if it is possible to consider geographical information systems as decision support systems. Opening chapter attends to explanation what is GIS and its usage in practise. Second part is engaged in definition of decision support systems. There are some examples from practise, which help us confirm or refuse the hypothesis, in the last chapter.

This thesis provides a tool to determine the maximum capacity, of a given power grid, when connecting distributed photovoltaic parks including the optimal allocation of the parks taking the power grid configuration into account. This tool is based on a computational model that evaluates the hosting capacity of the given grid through power flow simulations. The tool also integrates a geographic information system that links suitable land areas to nearby substations that can host photovoltaic parks. The mathematical model was tested on different cases in the municipality of Herrljunga, Sweden, where it was determined to be possible to connect 47 photovoltaic parks of 1MWp to the power grid as well as the most appropriate substations to allocate them to without the need for grid reinforcements. Additionally, the concept of grid cost allocation is presented and briefly discussed while analysing the results in relation to national energy targets.