Bakgrund: Vid operativa ingrepp finns en risk för överföring av smitta mellan personal och patienter. Lokala riktlinjer ska reglera användningen av personlig skyddsutrustning. Huvudskydd används för att hindra hår och partiklar att falla ner på sterilt område. Ögonskydd skyddar personalens ögonslemhinna mot stänk av kroppsvätskor och användandet av dubbla handskar minskar risk för blodsmitta vid stick- och skärskador. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka preoperativa val av och motivering till val av huvudskydd, ögonskydd och handskar hos operatörer och operationssjuksköterskor.  Metod: I en empirisk, deskriptiv studie med tvärsnittsdesign undersöktes val av och motivering till val av huvudskydd, ögonskydd och handskar. Operationssjuksköterskor och operatörer observerades och tillfrågades med stöd av ett strukturerat frågeformulär. Resultat: På två operationsavdelningar i Stockholms län utfördes 240 observationer. Hjälmmössa valdes vid samtliga observationer inom ortopedi och vid mindre än hälften av övriga tillfällen. Ögonskydd valdes i mycket liten utsträckning av operatörer med motiveringen att de var obekväma. Operationssjuksköterskor valde att använda ögonskydd vid mer än hälften av observationerna med säkerhet som motivering. Dubbla handskar valdes vid 232 av 240 tillfällen. Slutsats: Mössa valdes för att den var bekväm och hjälm för att den rekommenderades. Ögonskydd valdes sällan. Förekomsten av att välja att använda dubbla handskar var god. Klinisk betydelse: Denna studie visar behov av information och utbildning om risken för smittoöverföring under operation. Fler och mer utförliga lokala riktlinjer för personlig skyddsutrustning skulle kunna öka användningen av hjälm och ögonskydd. / Background: Local guidelines are supposed to regulate the use of personal protective equipment to reduce the risk of transmission of infection between patients and staff during surgery. Headwear prevents hair and debris from falling down on the sterile field. Eyewear protects the eye mucosa from splashes of body fluids and the use of double gloving reduces the risk of blood contamination from sharps injuries. Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the preoperative choices and motives of headwear, protective eyewear and gloves for surgeons and surgical nurses. Method: This is an empirical, descriptive study with cross-sectional design, examining the choices and motives of headwear, protective eyewear and gloves. Surgical nurses and surgeons were observed and questioned using structured questionnaires’. Results: A total of 240 observations were conducted in two surgical wards in the province of Stockholm. The staff chose to wear surgical helmets in all orthopedic surgeries and in less than half of the other surgical procedures. Surgeons did not choose to were protective eyewear, claiming they were uncomfortable. In more than half of the observations surgical nurses wore protective eyewear motivated by security reasons. Double gloving occurred in 232 occasions out of 240. Conclusion: Surgical helmets were chosen due to recommendations. Other types of headwear were chosen because they were comfortable. Eye protection was rarely chosen. The occurrence of double gloving was good. Clinical significance: This study demonstrates the need for information and education regarding the risk of transmission of infection during surgery. More and detailed local guidelines for personal protective equipment could increase the use of helmets and eye protection.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

Orientador: Ione Corrêa / Resumo: Introdução: Infecção hospitalar é definida como qualquer tipo de infecção adquirida durante a hospitalização, desde que não esteja incubada anteriormente à internação, ou então relacionada a algum procedimento, podendo manifestar-se inclusive após a alta do paciente. Podem resultar em internação prolongada, aumento de resistência microbiana aos antimicrobianos, aumento da mortalidade, além de custos adicionais para o sistema de saúde, pacientes e seus familiares. Atualmente representam além de uma preocupação dos serviços de saúde, um problema social, ético e jurídico frente às implicações na vida dos pacientes e os riscos a que estão submetidos. Objetivo: Analisar as publicações nacionais e internacionais referentes à contaminação de luvas de procedimento em ambiente hospitalar. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, método de pesquisa utilizado na Prática Baseada em Evidências. Resultados: Como resultado obteve-se 49 artigos científicos. Após leitura de títulos e resumos foram selecionadas doze artigos para leitura na íntegra, dos quais apenas quatro relacionavam-se ao tema proposto. Um estudo apontou elevada taxa microbiana das luvas, analisadas antes da abertura das caixas, questionando sobre a contaminação durante a fabricação ou modo de armazenamento das caixas. Outros dois artigos referem-se à possibilidade de implementação de luvas revestidas com material antimicrobiano, uma vez que mostraram-se com menor carga microbiana, em comparação às luv... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Background: Hospital infection is defined as any type of infection acquired during hospitalization, provided that it is not incubated prior to hospitalization or related to any procedure, and may even occur after patient's discharged from the hospital. They may result in prolonged hospitalization, increased microbial resistance to antimicrobials, increased mortality, and additional costs for the health system, patients, and their families. Nowadays, they represent a social, ethical and legal problem in addition to a concern of the health services, considering the implications in patients’ life and the risks they are subjected to. Aim: Analyze national and international publications regarding the contamination of procedure gloves in a hospital environment. Methods: This is an integrative literature's review, a research method used in Evidence-Based Practice. Results: A total of 49 scientific articles were obtained. After reading titles and abstracts, twelve articles were selected for a full read, of which only four were related to the proposed theme. A study indicated a high gloves' microbial rate, analyzed before boxes being opened, questioning about the manufacture or storage contamination. Two other articles show the possibility of implementing gloves coated with an antimicrobial material since they showed lower microbial burden compared to gloves of common procedure. Finally, a study analyzed gloves' contamination at three different moments, beginning, middle, and ending b... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Ana Paula Amâncio Neves (btanapaula@hotmail.com) on 2018-04-25T16:21:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação Repositório.pdf: 1141737 bytes, checksum: f4e495301ccea763ab7bbeaf9942a9bb (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by ROSANGELA APARECIDA LOBO null (rosangelalobo@btu.unesp.br) on 2018-04-26T17:44:34Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 neves_apa_me_bot.pdf: 1141737 bytes, checksum: f4e495301ccea763ab7bbeaf9942a9bb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-04-26T17:44:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 neves_apa_me_bot.pdf: 1141737 bytes, checksum: f4e495301ccea763ab7bbeaf9942a9bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-03-01 / Introdução: Infecção hospitalar é definida como qualquer tipo de infecção adquirida durante a hospitalização, desde que não esteja incubada anteriormente à internação, ou então relacionada a algum procedimento, podendo manifestar-se inclusive após a alta do paciente. Podem resultar em internação prolongada, aumento de resistência microbiana aos antimicrobianos, aumento da mortalidade, além de custos adicionais para o sistema de saúde, pacientes e seus familiares. Atualmente representam além de uma preocupação dos serviços de saúde, um problema social, ético e jurídico frente às implicações na vida dos pacientes e os riscos a que estão submetidos. Objetivo: Analisar as publicações nacionais e internacionais referentes à contaminação de luvas de procedimento em ambiente hospitalar. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de literatura, método de pesquisa utilizado na Prática Baseada em Evidências. Resultados: Como resultado obteve-se 49 artigos científicos. Após leitura de títulos e resumos foram selecionadas doze artigos para leitura na íntegra, dos quais apenas quatro relacionavam-se ao tema proposto. Um estudo apontou elevada taxa microbiana das luvas, analisadas antes da abertura das caixas, questionando sobre a contaminação durante a fabricação ou modo de armazenamento das caixas. Outros dois artigos referem-se à possibilidade de implementação de luvas revestidas com material antimicrobiano, uma vez que mostraram-se com menor carga microbiana, em comparação às luvas de procedimento comum. Por fim, um estudo analisou a contaminação das luvas em três momentos distintos, início, meio e fim da caixa, para investigar se o tempo de abertura interfere na possível contaminação das luvas, porém não houve diferença estatisticamente significativa entre esses momentos. Considerações finais: As luvas de procedimento mostram a presença de microrganismos patogênicos, os quais podem ocasionar danos tanto para o paciente como o profissional de saúde. Faz-se necessário uma politica de fiscalização em relação ao fluxograma que abrange desde sua fabricação e liberação na indústria até o uso nos ambientes de saúde. / Background: Hospital infection is defined as any type of infection acquired during hospitalization, provided that it is not incubated prior to hospitalization or related to any procedure, and may even occur after patient's discharged from the hospital. They may result in prolonged hospitalization, increased microbial resistance to antimicrobials, increased mortality, and additional costs for the health system, patients, and their families. Nowadays, they represent a social, ethical and legal problem in addition to a concern of the health services, considering the implications in patients’ life and the risks they are subjected to. Aim: Analyze national and international publications regarding the contamination of procedure gloves in a hospital environment. Methods: This is an integrative literature's review, a research method used in Evidence-Based Practice. Results: A total of 49 scientific articles were obtained. After reading titles and abstracts, twelve articles were selected for a full read, of which only four were related to the proposed theme. A study indicated a high gloves' microbial rate, analyzed before boxes being opened, questioning about the manufacture or storage contamination. Two other articles show the possibility of implementing gloves coated with an antimicrobial material since they showed lower microbial burden compared to gloves of common procedure. Finally, a study analyzed gloves' contamination at three different moments, beginning, middle, and ending box, in order to check if the opening time interferes in the gloves’ contamination, but there was no statistically significant difference between these moments. Conclusions: Procedure gloves have pathogenic microorganisms, which can damage both the patient and the health professional. There is a need for a control policy regarding the flowchart that covers everything from its manufacture and releases from the industry to the use in health environments.

Thesis (MTech (Biomedical Technology))--Cape Technikon, 2000. / Professionals in a healthcare setting use latex gloves on a daily basis, primarily to prevent transmission of microbial and viral organisms to and from patients and specimens. Repeated exposure to latex proteins (through direct skin contact or mucous membrane absorption) leads to the formation of circulating latex-specific antibodies and increases the risk of sensitisation. Among all known risk groups, healthcare workers have the highest risk to develop latex hypersensitivity. Early detection of antibodies or predisposing factors (e.g. atopy or impaired skin barrier function), could assist in the identification and management of risk groups and limit possible sensitisation. An experimental group with high occupational latex exposure is compared to a control group with low or no occupational latex exposure at Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town. A questionnaire was completed by all subjects to obtain a thorough history of past and present latex exposure and to identify other risk factors. A complete physical examination was done to evaluate clinical signs and symptoms of risk factors and latex hypersensitivity. Atopy was evaluated by means of the United Kingdom's Diagnostic Criteria for Atopy, personal and lor family history of atopy, haematogram and total serum IgE analyses. Latex-specific IgE antibodies were measured immunometrically. Skin prick tests were performed on subjects with negative in vitro results, but with predefined clinical symptoms suggestive of latex hypersensitivity. An

The project consists in develop a tool that make a classification of latex gloves taking into account the different features that make the difference between them using a Matlab code in machine learning. This project has the purpose to have a tool that classify those gloves in order to know in which market of the world they could be sold and at what price. So as to achieve this purpose, it is necessary to collect the data and prepare them to introduce in the code. The project can be divided in three different parts; the first one is to make a research of all the theory about latex gloves, achieve the basic fundamentals with the program Matlab and the theory about image processing and machine learning. After that, I will collect the 125 data and the features to take into account are if the gloves have black spots and if they are yellow or white colour. With all the material, it will possible to generate a code in Matlab to prepare all the data and finally, train a model with machine learning. After training this model, the classifier performed well, achieving 82% accuracy. However, it is not perfect because the main mistake has been in the images taken, some of the gloves had wrinkles, so the code detects them as black spots. That is why, as a future work, the quality of the images should be improved in order to not have wrinkles and hence improve the precision for the classifiers. Moreover, it has been proven that this tool can be implemented in the company that has provided the gloves. With that, his plan to sell gloves in Europe could be feasible if the bath of gloves accomplishes the required Acceptance Quality Limit but it has not been possible to prove because the gloves have not been randomly selected to carry out this project. Even so knowing that the code works, it could be applied to corroborate this fact.

Bakgrund: I litteraturen finns evidens att använda dubbla lager av operationshandskar vid all kirurgi för att förebygga smittspridning mellan patient och personal samt för att förebygga vårdrelaterade infektioner. Operationshandskar kan ha olika tjocklek och taktil känsla beroende på latex eller latexfritt material. Trots att evidens finns att använda dubbla lager operationshandskar förekommer variation i användandet. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att undersöka om operationssjuksköterskor och kirurger väljer enkla eller dubbla handskar vid operationer, samt hur de motiverar sitt val. Metod: Operationssjuksköterskor och kirurger från två operationsavdelningar i Mellansverige undersöktes i en tvärsnittsdesign med intervjustödda enkäter. Flera deltagare intervjuades flera gånger. Resultat: Totalt inkluderades 66 deltagare i studien och 137 intervjuer genomfördes. Nästan hälften av deltagarna motiverade sitt val av handskar med rutin eller vana. Vid samtliga ortopediska operationer användes dubbla handskar. Enkelt lager av handskar användes i högre grad då endast latexfria handskar fanns att tillgå, och den dominerande motiveringen var då att det var mer svårarbetat med dubbla handskar. Slutsats och klinisk betydelse: Användandet av enkla respektive dubbla handskar skiljer sig mellan verksamheterna och mellan yrkeskategorierna. Dubbla handskar användes av samtliga deltagare på den avdelning där skriftliga riktlinjer angående dubbla handskar fanns formulerade. Enkla handskar användes i högre grad då endast latexfria handskar fanns att tillgå. Resultatet i föreliggande studie indikerar att riktlinjer angående dubbla handskar, samt latexfria handskars sämre taktila förmåga kan ha betydelse för hur operationspersonal väljer operationshandskar. / Background: In the literature, there is evidence of the usage of double layered surgical gloves during all surgical procedures in order to prevent the spread of infection between the patient and medical personnel, as well as, to prevent clinical infections. Double layered surgical gloves can have different thickness and tactile feeling depending on latex or latex-free material. Aim: To investigate if operating room nurses and surgeons choose single or double gloving for operations, as well as, how they motivate their choices. Method: Operating room nurses and surgeons from two different operation departments in the middle of Sweden were examined in a cross-sectional design with interview-supported questionnaires. Some participants were interviewed several times. Results: In total, 66 participants were included in the study and 137 interviews were conducted. Almost half of the participants motivated their choice of gloves routinely or habitually. In all orthopedic operations, double gloves were used. Conclusion and clinical implications: The usage of single as opposed to double-gloving differs between departments and between different categories of profession. The majority of participants chose to use double gloves. Double gloves were more frequently used on the ward where written guidelines regarding double gloves were formulated. Single gloves were more commonly used in the pediatric surgery department, where only latex-free gloves were available for use. The result in the present study indicates that guidelines regarding double gloves can be significant for how operation personnel choose surgical gloves.

This diploma thesis is focused on the assessment of the influence of moisture on the thermal properties of the gloves. The first part of the thesis deals with the research of topics related to the given issue as well as with the derivation of the computational relations needed for evaluation of experimental measurements. The main focus of the work lies on defining the hypotheses and experiments that are used to verify the influence of moisture on the thermal resistance of gloves. As for the experimental part, it describes the individual methods of moistening the gloves from which the moistening through the air humidity and the moistening by the immersion were analysed. To verify the suitability of selected moistening methods, the tested glove samples were measured on the thermal manikin both in a dry and a moistened state under the conditions defined by ČSN EN 511 and ČSN EN ISO 15831 standards. Individual states were repeatedly measured and afterwards the progresses of thermal resistance depending on time were graphically displayed. The thesis also includes analysis of measurement uncertainties as well as evaluation of measurement repeatability. From the obtained results, both the defined hypotheses and theoretical assumptions about the decrease of the thermal resistance of a textile material due to the influence of moisture were confirmed in the conclusion of the diploma thesis.

This diploma thesis is focused on determination of thermal properties of gloves by means of thermal manikin. The background research with relation to this topic together with derivation of the computational equations used for the following measurement are presented in the first part. The most significant part of this work is suggestion of procedure for measuring the heat resistance of gloves with thermal manikin based on procedure from ČSN EN 511. This methodics was verificated with 5 pairs of gloves together with analysing the uncertainties and testing the repeatability of this measurement. This work also contains the outline for all of the measured pairs with posibilities of their usage in specific situations and surrounding air temperatures. At the end of this work is mentioned brief summary of achieved results.

Background. Between 2012 and 2017 the plastic supply in Sweden increased by almost 400000 metric tons. In 2017, the hospitals in Sweden contributed to 4550 metric tons of plastic waste, disposable gloves counted for 2100 metric tons, which is 358 million disposable gloves. The majority made in other countries than Sweden, which is not only contributing to a considerable waste stream but also vulnerability when the system is dependent on continuous material supplies. Aim and Purpose. The research aim has been to understand the challenges and opportunities of needs relating to plastic waste flows from the health care sector. From the needs, choose an area to develop an innovative solution that changes the current waste flow into value for the health care sector in Sweden. Method. For this thesis, the researcher has used the Design Research Methodology and the MSPI innovation process. Design Research Methodology has been used to find and validate crucial information about the problem, by the usage of literature research and Unstructured interviews within the research area. MSPI was iteratively used with DRM to design the intended support as well as building the actual support. Results. The final prototype proves that circularity for plastic materials in hospitals is reachable. The Needfinding highlights the need for circularity, regarding both an effective use of the material and the health care’s readiness levels where access to Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) is crucial, especially in times of crisis. Conclusions. During the time of crisis, the COVID-19 pandemic, it has been clear that changes regarding preparedness and access to PPE needs improvement. Circularity is one way of achieving greater control of the material flow, which affects the hospital's level of independence. The development has proven one way of making the flow of disposable gloves circular by developing an inhouse recycling machine. This thesis work is just one angle of approach towards circularity and more efficient usage of material. To prove the concept in a hospital environment, future development is required. / Bakgrund. Mellan åren 2012 och 2017 har plastförsörjningen i Sverige ökat med nästan 400 000 ton. Under 2017 bidrog sjukhusen i Sverige till 4550 ton plastavfall varav engångshandskar bidrog med 2100 ton, vilket motsvarar 358 miljoner engångshandskar. Majoriteten är tillverkade i andra länder än Sverige, vilket inte bara bidrar till en stor avfallsström, utan också sårbarhet när systemet är beroende av kontinuerlig materialförsörjning. Syfte och Mål. Forskningens syfte har varit att förstå utmaningarna och möjligheterna med plastavfallsflöden från vårdsektorn. Från behoven väljs ett område för att utveckla en innovativ lösning som stöder cirkularitet inom hälso-sjukvården i Sverige. Metod. Denna avhandling har genomförts med hjälp av DRM- och MSPI-innovationsprocess. DRM, Design Research Methodology, har använts för att hitta och validera avgörande information kring problemet och har också gett akademisk trovärdighet. Detta har gjorts med litteraturforskning och ostrukturerade intervjuer inom forskningsområdet. MSPI har använts tillsammans med DRM på iterativt sätt för att utforma det avsedda stödet och bygga det faktiska stödet. Resultat. Projektets prototyp bevisar att cirkularitet för plastmaterial på sjukhus kan nås. Behovsundersökningen visar på behovet av cirkularitet, både när det gäller materiell effektivitet och beredskapsnivåer på sjukhus där tillgången till personlig skyddsutrustning är avgörande. Speciellt i kristider. Slutsatser. Under kristiden, covid-19-pandemin, har det varit tydligt att förändringar avseende beredskap och tillgång till personlig skyddsutrustning måste göras. Cirkularitet är ett sätt att uppnå större kontroll över materialflödet som påverkar sjukhusens självständighetsnivå. Projektet har visat ett sätt att göra flödet av engångshandskar cirkulärt genom att utveckla ett system för remanufacturing. Detta är bara en inställningsvinkel mot cirkularitet och en mer effektiv användning av material. För att bevisa konceptet i en riktig sjukhusmiljö krävs vidareutveckling.