Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal.

Mémoire numérisé par la Division de la gestion de documents et des archives de l'Université de Montréal

Le Siècle des Lumières a produit un grand nombre de bouleversements, non seulement dans le domaine politique, mais aussi les domaines économiques et sociaux. C’est dans ce contexte qu’Olympe de Gouges marque l’histoire. Par le biais de lettres, brochures, articles ou encore affiches placardées, Olympe de Gouges a cherché à influencer non seulement les institutions mais aussi l’opinion publique. En commençant par la dramaturgie, elle s’engage aux côtés des abolitionnistes de l’esclavage et lutte pour l’évolution des mœurs. Elle se consacre ensuite à ses écrits pamphlétaires dans lesquels elle plaide pour la cause des plus démunis et pour le partage des richesses. Son avant-gardisme tient encore dans le fait qu’elle remet en question la place et le rôle des femmes dans la vie de la cité. Aujourd’hui, sa posture humaniste résonne d’une contemporanéité aiguë, alors que ne cessent de se multiplier les exemples d’un capitalisme qui accroît le fossé entre les nantis et les démunis. Dès lors, l’engagement d’Olympe de Gouges apparaît comme un support idéel envisageable de la composition archéologique de la pensée des communs. Ce courant philosophique et politique actuel prône en effet l’organisation concertée de l’usage des ressources, de sorte que la responsabilisation des individus, co-acteurs de leur présent et de leur devenir, assure l’équité et la pérennité de cet usage. Au cœur du mouvement des communs réside le souci du vivre-ensemble, ce qui implique une refonte des institutions et des modes de vie. En ce sens, la posture d’Olympe de Gouges préfigure l’éthique du care (le prendre soin, le souci de l’autre) et, de fait, la prise en compte des spécificités de chacun, le respect d’autrui et des genres, implicitement inclus dans le mouvement des communs. Malmenée par l’historiographie, Olympe de Gouges est peu mentionnée dans les ouvrages consacrés à l’histoire de la République des Lettres. Par conséquent, notre travail se situe dans une démarche d’actualité de manière à ce que la postérité de ses idées progressistes contribue à imaginer et à bâtir la société à venir. -- Mots-clés : Olympe de Gouges, Siècle des Lumières, éthique du care, philosophie des communs, abolition de l’esclavage, monarchie constitutionnelle, presse, théâtre, féminisme. / The Age of Enlightenment has produced a great deal of upheaval, not only in the political sphere, but also in the economic and social spheres. It is in this context that Olympe de Gouges marks the history. By means of letters, pamphlets, articles or placarded posters, Olympe de Gouges sought to influence not only the institutions but also the public opinion. Beginning with dramaturgy, she engages herself with the abolitionists of slavery and struggle for the evolution of morals. Then, she devoted herself to her lampooned writings in which she pleaded for the cause of the most bereft persons and for the sharing of wealth. Its avant-gardism is still due to the fact that it questions the place and the role of women in the city life. Today, its humanist posture echoes with an acute contemporaneity, while the examples of a capitalism which increases the gap between the haves and others multiply. Henceforth, the commitment of Olympe de Gouges appears as an ideal support for the archaeological composition of the thinking of commons. This philosophical and political current advocates the concerted organization of the use of resources, so that the responsibility of individuals, co-actors of their present and their future, ensures the fairness and durability of this use. At the heart of the movement of commons lies the concern for living together, which implies an overhaul of institutions and ways of life. In this sense, the Olympe de Gouges ‘posture prefigures the ethics of care (caring, care for the other) and, in fact, taking into account the specificities of each one, respect for others and genders, implicitly included in the movement of the thinking of commons. Criticized by historiography, Olympe de Gouges is little mentioned in the Republic of Letters ‘history. Consequently, our work is based on a topical approach so that the posterity of its progressive ideas helps to imagine and build the society to come. Key-words: Olympe de Gouges, Age of Enlightenment, ethic of care, commons ‘philosophy, abolition of slavery, constitutional monarchy, press, theater, feminism.

A study of gouges and dents in the context of pipelines has been completed, using the non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques of magnetic flux leakage (MFL) and magnetic Barkhausen noise (MBN). The research is part of an ongoing effort by the Applied Magnetics Group (AMG) at Queen's University to improve the interpretation of the MFL signal, which is used extensively by industry for defect detection and evaluation. The gouges were found to have distinctive MFL signatures depending on their orientation relative to the magnetization axis. Features in the MFL signal were identified as superpositions of geometry-related effects and strain or work hardening of the surface material. A qualitative magnetic permeability distribution in the material near a gouge has been proposed. The distribution is expected to vary in magnitude and extent according to the defect severity. The MFL results of the dent studies, on samples made available by Gaz de France (GdF), largely agreed qualitatively with previous research of dents. However, the differences pointed to the need for study of more varied dent shapes; new signal features were observed that suggested tensile residual strain in the dent rim is more prominent than earlier studies and modeling have predicted. Additionally, upgrades made to the MFL scanning system used by the AMG and a novel approach for building computer models are detailed. / Thesis (Master, Physics, Engineering Physics and Astronomy) -- Queen's University, 2009-09-24 17:13:12.775

<p> The recent urban sprawl in the tectonically active region of California has prompted palaeoseismologists, to find ways of forecasting potentially hazardous earthquakes on existing faults. Electron spin resonance (ESR) can be used to date fault gouge from different regions in a fault zone thereby providing a history of fault movements in a particular region. Therefore, an earthquake frequency pattern can be established and the faults can be rated as to their potential danger. </p> <p> ESR dating of fault gouge is based on the premise that the ESR signals of quartz grains in the gouge have been completely reset by movements on the fault. The elapsed time since faulting is recorded by a gradual charge build up in the quartz corresponding to radioactive decay of radionuclides in the fault gouge matrix. The mechanism of zeroing of the ESR signals in quartz during fault activity is not well understood. In order to better comprehend the zeroing process, the variation of ESR signals, AD and age, with respect to quartz grains size were studied. These parameters are affected by induced stress to a greater extent in the smaller grain sizes. Therefore, with sufficient stress, the smallest grain sizes (smaller than a critical size) will be totally reset and define a "plateau" of equal age. This plateau criteria is used to define total resetting in a fault gouge sample and only these portions of the samples are used for dating. The establishment of an equal age plateau is confirmed for one of the fault samples collected from Southern California. </p> / Thesis / Master of Science (MS)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2007. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

Twentieth-century scholars have extensively studied how Rousseau's domestic discourse impacted the patriarchal ideology in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries and contributed to women's exclusion from the public sphere. Joan Landes, Lynn Hunt, and many others, argued that the French Revolution excluded women from the public sphere and confined them to the domestic realm. Joan Landes also argued that the patriarchal discourse was a mere reflection of social reality. In The Other Enlightenment, Carla Hesse argues for the women's presence in the public sphere. One of the goals of this dissertation is to contribute to the debate by analyzing the content of the counter-discourse of selected women authors during the revolutionary era and examine how they challenged and subverted the patriarchal discourse. In the second chapter, I reconstruct the patriarchal discourse. I first examine the official (or legal) discourse in crucial works which remain absent from major modern sources: Jean Domat's Loix civiles dans leur order naturel and Louis de Héricourt's Loix eccleésiastiques de France dans leur order naturel. Then I look at how scientists like Monroe, Roussel, Lignac, Venel, and Robert used discoveries regarding woman's physiology to create a medical discourse that justifies woman's inferiority so as to confine them into the domestic/private sphere. I examine how intellectuals such as Rousseau, Diderot, Montesquieu, Coyer and Laclos, reinforced women's domesticity. In chapter 3, I examine women's participation in the early stage of the Revolution and the overt attempt by some women to claim their place in the public sphere and to challenge and subvert the oppressive patriarchal discourse through their writings. Chapter 4 focuses on Olympe de Gouges's theater and a specific example of subversion of the patriarchal discourse: I compare the father figure in Diderot's La Religieuse and de Gouges's play Le Couvent, ou les Voeux forcés. Finally chapter 5 examines women's involvement in the French Revolution after 1794 and Constance de Salm's attack on patriarchy.

This dissertation is focuses on the design of remedial adjustments and replacement of the existing pavement for a new one on the New Town Hall in Brno. On this building I have worked on the technological regulation for the reconstruction of the internal courtyard and remediation work which I have completed by the inspection and test plans. I have created a timetable and mechanisms for used machines. Specialization of my thesis is to BOZP and risk plan for the whole building.

Dieser Beitrag spannt einen Bogen von der totalen Entmündigung und Entwürdigung der Frauen im 17./18.Jahrhundert, dargelegt u.a. an Auszügen der Chronik Knobloch Radeberg, bis hin zu ihren Emanzipationsbestrebungen in die Neuzeit. Es ist die Geschichte der Frauenbewegung, Kampf um Gleichberechtigung, denn die Welt, so wie sie eingerichtet war, konnte den Frauen wirklich nicht gefallen, eine Welt der Angst und totalen Unmündigkeit. Angst vor den Strafen Gottes, von den Kanzeln der Kirchen verkündet, Angst vor der Apokalypse und dem Jüngsten Gericht, Angst vor der Obrigkeit und ihren Gerichten. Mit Angst und Verdummung des Volkes ließ es sich schon immer wunderbar regieren.

Frauen*rechte beschreiben Grund- und Menschenrechte, die für Frauen* und Mädchen* besonders relevant sind, wie beispielsweise das Recht auf politische Partizipation, auf Bildung, auf Gesundheit oder auf körperliche sowie sexuelle Integrität. Bemühungen um und die Konzeption von Frauen*rechten sind sowohl auf inter- als auch auf nationaler Ebene von Frauen*rechtsbewegungen beeinflusst. Trotz des strukturellen male bias des Rechts kennen sowohl das internationale Menschenrechtsregime als auch nationale Rechtsordnungen Gewaltschutzmechanismen, Geschlechterdiskriminierungsver- oder Gleichstellungsgebote. Kritik gegenüber Frauen*rechten wird aus kulturrelativistischen, universalistisch-feministischen, postkolonialen und queer-feministischen Perspektiven geübt.