Le présent projet s'applique à problématiser la question des dispositifs par lesquels les politiques d'urbanisation voient le jour en France et dans les pays d'Afrique francophone.cette porte d'entrée permet d'aborder la production des politiques publiques dans les différents acteurs qui interagissent, mais également pose la question de la participation du citoyen dans un contexte marqué par la montée en généralité de l'impératif délibératif au mitan duquel les politiques publiques se légitiment aujourd'hui. en filigrane de ce questionnements, les mécanismes des différents dispositifs sont passés au cribles de la comparaison,à savoir; l'écologie des acteurs, les forces en présence et les fluctuations auxquelles elles sont soumises dans le déroulé de l'action,les médiations que produisent ces politiques ainsi que celles qui fluidifient les dispositifs énonciatifs,et les lieux à travers objets et interactions prennent place. / This thesis of doctorate is about the communication in the urban projects. She is found on the international diffusion of the project logic as norm to make and to arrange the city. Diffusion that drive us to examine the communicational practice that the project allow. The norm project, today shared, does it imply some similarity in terms of communication? In a multipartenarial context, how does he organize the meeting apparatus? Until what point does to make the city imply him the involvement of the inhabitants? What are the issues of the communication that go with project? Two fields have been mobilized in a comparative perspective; the urban shutter of the Contract Getting out of Debt Contract Development (C2D) of Douala and the Big Urban Project (GPU) of Lille. 33 interviews, non participant observation, working papers and a significant corpus of press served to support a conceptual armature resting on the notions of apparatus and communication activity. The main results show a strong salience of communicational dissimilarity in the studied projects. These differences must be put in perspective with specific institutional contexts. Indeed, the communication in the C2D of Douala is minimal, implemented by internal actors to the Urban Community of Douala, but external to the team of project. In the case of the GPU, the implementation of the communication leans on outside operators to the project team, although the communicational activity is drived by the members of the aforesaid team. The place of the inhabitants deal to see a minimal involvement of the Douala casa whereas. In the Big Urban Project of Lille, we see an active continuum of the simple consultation to the coproduction of some facilities. Finally the accompaniment communication includes a strongsymbolic dimension in Lille whereas in Douala, it limits herself to evenementialisation who deserve of the Government Delegate close to the Douala Urban City Council.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is a software solution which offers the opportunity to strengthen the company's effectiveness, integrating the business processes across functional areas. In order to obtain the expected benefit, a successful implementation of the ERP project is crucial.  The aim of this thesis is to understand which different leadership styles can be applied during the ERP implementation phase, how they influence the overall project outcome and what leadership style can lead to the successful overall project outcome. The research covers following questions. To begin we will study ​which different leadership styles are applied in ERP implementation projects and study the leader’s trait & behavior through the project implementation process. ​Afterwards we will study how significant the leadership style is to achieve a successful overall project outcome and which style better suits the general context of an ERP implementation project.  Survey questions were prepared either to project managers with experience in ERP implementation projects within their company or managers working for consultancy service firms. Concepts from multi-grounded theory i.e. open-, axial- and selective coding for empirical grounding are used as a methodological approach in the thesis. After the empirical and theoretical analysis, the conclusion we could draw was that the task structure and demand for the given situation, in which different type of team members are involved, is determining the factors to achieve the leadership effectiveness and consequently it is considered to be the major element determining the leadership style to be applied during the project.

O conceito de \"Príncipe\" surgiu com Nicolau Maquiavel, no início do século XVI, para descrever o governante das monarquias e repúblicas. Em Antonio Gramsci, na metade do século XX, o lugar do Príncipe passou a ser ocupado pelo partido político, aparecendo assim o conceito de \"Moderno Príncipe\". Mais tarde, no fim do século XX, o pesquisador brasileiro Octavio Ianni revisita as duas obras e propõe o \"Príncipe Eletrônico\". Ele constatou que os meios de comunicação de massa passaram a exercer as funções sociais de Príncipe. Em Octávio Ianni, o rádio e, principalmente, a televisão são os lugares, por excelência, de poder, hegemonia e liderança, não sozinhos, mas com o suporte e apoio dos grandes grupos econômicos e políticos. O objetivo desta tese é levar adiante a teoria criada por Ianni e explorar a hipótese da existência de um novo Príncipe no século XXI, que chamamos de Príncipe Digital. Sem prejuízo do que foi descrito por Ianni, essa nova figura não é necessariamente um intelectual, não nasce das mídias tradicionais de massa (rádio e TV) e não se alinha direta e necessariamente com os grupos, econômicos e políticos, hegemônicos, mas é tão ou mais influente e eficaz. O conceito de Príncipe Digital, como variante da categoria criada por Ianni, ilumina a forma como, na era das redes digitais, estão estruturadas as categorias: poder, hegemonia e liderança, pilares de todos os modelos teóricos de príncipes existentes até então. Essa compreensão pode nos levar a entender melhor os fenômenos deste tempo, como as grandes manifestações sociais e os tipos de relações existente nas redes sociais. Para chegar a esse modelo teórico, este trabalho usou como aporte metodológico a Grounded Theory (GT). A GT possibilita uma perspectiva mais real sobre o fenômeno, pois a própria população envolvida aponta os dados, por meio de pesquisas empíricas de natureza quantitativa e qualitativa. Para essa parte empírica, esta pesquisa contou com análise de 74 manifestações sociais, 601 entrevistados e observações acerca de 354 Líderes de Opinião. Analisamos, teórica e empiricamente, manifestações populares que ocorreram no Brasil entre os anos de 2013 e 2015. Os questionários foram divididos em duas fases de aplicações, a primeira, na qual ficaram disponíveis entre março e junho de 2015 e, a segunda, no mês de agosto de 2015. Os principais autores que dão sustentação à tese são: Maquiavel, Gramsci e Ianni, pelas razões já expostas. Lazarsfeld e Toro, com reflexões sobre a recepção de ideias e a mobilização social; Glaser, Tarozzi e Charmaz, com o suporte metodológico da GT. Hardt, Negri e Castells, com argumentos teóricos sobre multidão, redes sociais, internet e processos de mobilização online. / The concept of \"Prince\" came up with Niccolo Machiavelli, in the early sixteenth century to describe the ruler of monarchies and republics. In Antonio Gramsci, the midtwentieth century, the place of the Prince was occupied by political party, thus appearing the concept of \"Modern Prince\". Later, in the late twentieth century, the Brazilian researcher Octavio Ianni revisits the two works and proposes the \"Electronic Prince.\" He found that the mass media took over the social functions of Prince. In Octavio Ianni, radio and especially television are the places par excellence, power, hegemony and leadership, not alone, but with the support and backing of major economic and political groups. The aim of this thesis is to carry forward the theory created by Ianni and explore the hypothesis of a new Prince in the twenty-first century, we call \"Digital Prince.\" Without prejudice to what has been described by Ianni, this new figure is not necessarily an intellectual, not born through the mass traditional media (radio and TV) and does not line up directly and necessarily to the groups, economic and political hegemony, but it is so or more influential and effective. Digital Prince of concept, as a variant of the category created by Ianni, illuminates the way that, in the era of digital networks, the categories are structured: power, hegemony and leadership, pillars of all existing theoretical models of Princes before. This understanding can lead us to better understand the phenomena of this time, as the major social manifestations and types of existing relationships on Social Networks. To get to that theoretical model, this work used as a methodological contribution to Grounded Theory (GT). The GT enables a more realistic perspective on the phenomenon, for the very people involved point data through empirical research of quantitative and qualitative nature. For this empirical part of this research involved analysis of 74 social demonstrations, 601 respondents and observations about 354 leaders of opinion. We analyze, theoretically and empirically, popular demonstrations that took place in Brazil between 2013 and 2015. The questionnaires were divided into two phases of applications, the first, which became available between March and June 2015 and the second, in august of 2015. The main authors that support the thesis are: Machiavelli, Gramsci and Ianni, the reasons given above. Lazarsfeld and Toro, with reflections on the reception of ideas and social mobilization. Glaser, Tarozzi and Charmaz, with the methodological support of the GT. Hardt, Negri and Castells with theoretical arguments about the crowd, social networking, internet and online mobilization processes.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:30:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Andre Ferreira da Silva.pdf: 2126669 bytes, checksum: 77dc16dc11e2f32f85ba70976f12b2b8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-02-23 / Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa / The society claims for a kind of organization that does not aim only for revenues without pay attention in costs involved. Ethic is important subject for business and organizations, some authors say that ethic and business could not be related issues,and other authors say that we can not separate ethic from business. This research consider the subjective aspects and focus on businessmen entrepeneur and their interactions with stakeholders, considering the social complexity within business.The research problem is how the businessmen entrepeneur deal with dilemmas of dignity in the organization management. This research utilizes the grounded theory procedures. The data has been collected based on interviews with nine businessmen entrepeneur of established companies and has been analyzed in NVIVO 8. The central category emerged from the data was named Prioritazion of Symbolic Rewards.The businessmen entrepeneur who has presented sensitivity to moral dilemmas, prioritize symbolic rewards, the characteristics are: social prestige,personal satisfaction, personal power, and professional recognition, building a dignity enterprise and strategies to treat dilemmas that affects the stakeholder dignity. The executives that have presented sensitivity to operational dilemmas, Prioritize Financial Rewards, aiming to improve the family way of living, building companies that prioritize revenues based on company operational focus. / A sociedade nos dias de hoje demanda das empresas um comportamento que não esteja exclusivamente voltado para maximização dos lucros a qualquer custo. A ética é um tema que tem permeado as questões dos negócios. Para alguns autores,ética e negócios não se misturam (tese da separação), para outros não existe separação entre ética e negócios. Esta pesquisa considera os aspectos subjetivos e põe foco nos empresários empreendedores e suas interações com stakeholders,considerando a complexidade social em que os negócios se realizam. Neste sentido, consideramos a seguinte questão de pesquisa: como os empresários lidam com dilemas de dignidade na gestão das empresas? O objetivo é compreender como os empresários lidam com dilemas da dignidade na gestão das empresas. A investigação foi conduzida a partir dos procedimentos metodológicos da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados. Os dados foram coletados baseados em entrevistas com nove empresários considerados empreendedores de empresas estabelecidas analisadas com o apoio do software NVIVO 8. A categoria central que emergiu dos dados foi nomeada como Recompensas do Empreender. Os empresários que apresentaram sensibilidade aos dilemas morais Priorizam Recompensas Simbólicas caracterizadas por prestígio social, satisfação pessoal, exercício do poder pessoal e reconhecimento profissional. Para tal propósito, buscam construir Empresas Dignas e estabelecem estratégias para lidar com dilemas que afetam a dignidade dos stakeholders. Por outro lado, empresários que demonstraram sensibilidade para o dilemas operacionais Priorizam Recompensas Financeiras, buscando com isso a melhoria do padrão de vida familiar e, portanto, construindo empresas lucrativas baseados em ajustes da operação da empresa.

No description available.

En difficulté dans un système économique et managérial qui ne leur convient plus, certains cadres choisissent de quitter leur organisation pour devenir coach. Par-delà la normativité des transitions de carrière en sciences de gestion, nous montrons qu’il s’agit d’une bifurcation. Au sein du courant des Critical Management Studies et à partir d’une perspective foucaldienne du pouvoir, nous interprétons la bifurcation comme un processus de saturation lié aux effets de subjectivation de la gouvernementalité managériale. La bifurcation constitue une distanciation critique, notamment chez les jeunes managers et les managers à mi-vie, et amorce une microémancipation vers et par le coaching, via une réappropriation subjective de techniques de souci de soi. Cette recherche est basée sur un protocole de Grounded Theory et sur la méthode des récits de vie. L’attitude analytique mobilise des énoncés phénoménologiques, une thématisation a posteriori et une analyse critique de discours. Notre modèle théorique repose sur une population de 25 cadres devenus coachs et met en évidence un processus générique qui s’exprime différemment selon l’âge lors de la transition, selon le vécu de l’expérience professionnelle, le sexe ou encore le poste avant la transition (manager, consultant). / Some executives, facing an economical and managerial system that doesn’t suit them anymore, chose to leave their position in a structure to become coaches. Beyond the managerial norms of career change, we explain that it is a turning point. This change of career, within the Critical Management Studies movement, and with a Foucauldian power perspective, is interpreted here as them reaching saturation point, due to the effects of subjectivation related to managerial governmentality. Those former executives, especially young and middle-aged managers, find themselves gaining a critical detachment. Furthermore, we notice a phenomenon of microemancipation through being coached … in the training of becoming a coach, by reappropriating the techniques of the care of the self. This research process involves Grounded Theory and life narratives. Firstly, we worked on phenomenological texts, then on an a posteriori coding by themes, and finally on a critical discourse analysis. Our resulting theoretical framework is anchored on a population of 25 former executives who have become coaches. It underlines a generic process with differences related to criteria such as gender, age when the career change happens, previous professional experience and position (manager or consultant).

One charter school’s path to tracking and pushing for privileged passage is examined. The school as it increased in size began to track students first by grade level and then by ability. Realizing that moving mathematics out of the main school program compromised the teaching ideals of the school and potentially student learning. The school has embarked on a program to create a place-based, integrated curriculum developed around mathematics so that mathematics can be reintroduced to multi-age classrooms. Examining the data in terms of trust, size and the behaviors of administrators, teachers and parents at this school in this process are highlighted.

Hintergrund: Menschen mit Demenz zählen zu einer wichtigen, aber bislang vernachlässigten Zielgruppe in der palliativen Pflege und Betreuung. Viele dieser Personen haben palliative Versorgungserfordernisse, die in der stationären Langzeitpflege häufig weder wahrgenommen noch angemessen erfüllt werden. Das Versorgungskonzept Palliative Care gewinnt vor diesem Hintergrund zunehmend an Bedeutung für die Begleitung von Menschen mit Demenz. Es existieren normative Vorgaben und theoretische Überlegungen zur palliativen Versorgungspraxis, ohne dass näher konkretisiert wird, wie dies in der pflegerischen Alltagspraxis in Einrichtungen der stationären Al-tenhilfe umgesetzt werden soll. Hinzu kommt, dass die pflegerische Einschätzung zu palli-ativen Bedarfen anspruchsvoller wird, da die Demenzspezifik im fortgeschrittenen Stadium der Erkrankung verbale Kommunikationsräume verringert. Leibliche Kommunikation, Intuition, Erfahrungswissen und die Kontextualisierung im Sinne eines hermeneutischen Fallverstehens (Remmers, 2000) können bei Demenz als Zugang für die Bedürfniserfassung und das spezifische Situationsverstehen bedeutsamer sein als objektiv ermittelte Parameter. Unklar ist bislang, wie sich die hier dargestellten Dimensionen pflegerischer Handlungen in der Begleitung von demenzerkrankten Personen in stationären Pflegeeinrichtungen gestalten und wie Kontextfaktoren die palliative Pflegepraxis beeinflussen. Ziele: Ziel der vorliegenden Studie ist es, einen Beitrag zu einem vertieften Verständnis von Merkmalen, Ausdrucksformen und Wirkungsweisen in der palliativpflegerischen Ver-sorgungspraxis von Menschen mit Demenz im Handlungsfeld der stationären Langzeit-pflege zu leisten. Studiendesign und Methode: Um die subjektiven Vorstellungen von Palliative Care bei Demenz, Kontextfaktoren und Ausdrucksformen alltäglicher pflegerischer Handlungen im Kontext von palliativen Erfor-dernissen bei Demenz zu erfassen und nachzuzeichnen, wurde ein offenes, qualitatives Verfahren gewählt. In Anlehnung an die Grounded-Theory-Methodology (vgl. Corbin & Strauss, 2008) wurden 22 leitfadengestützte Interviews mit professionellen Akteuren aus vier Pflegeheimen durchgeführt und Bedingungsfaktoren und Handlungsorientierungen im Hinblick auf Palliative Care bei Demenz identifiziert. Ergebnisse: Es existiert ein heterogenes Verständnis von Palliative Care bei Demenz und es zeigen sich widersprüchliche Ausdrucksformen pflegerischen Handelns in der palliativen Versorgungspraxis von Menschen mit Demenz in der Langzeitpflege. In der zentralen Kernkategorie „Sich zwischen Gewissheit und Ungewissheit arrangieren“ lassen sich die pflege-spezifischen komplexen Deutungsprozesse und Handlungsorientierungen zur Gestaltung einer palliativen Versorgungspraxis von Menschen mit Demenz abbilden. Die palliativ-pflegerischen Handlungsorientierungen werden von den angewendeten Strategien der Pflegenden maßgeblich beeinflusst. Aufbauend auf dem subjektiven Verständnis von Palliative Care bei Demenz gruppieren sich die Ergebnisse palliativpflegerischer Handlungen um das identifizierte Phänomen. Verschiedene intervenierende Bedingungen (u. a. Charakteristika von Pflegenden, Zuschreibungsprozesse als Sterbende, Arten der Bedürfnisermittlung in der Pflegebeziehung sowie spezifische Versorgungsformen) bilden im Kontext des beruflichen Pflegehandelns die Voraussetzungen und Hindernisse für Palliative Care bei Menschen mit Demenz. Deutlich wurde, dass proaktiv-steuernde Strategien wahrscheinlicher und frühzeitiger zu einem an palliativen Maßstäben orientierten Pflegehandeln führen. Umgekehrt führen passiv-reaktive Verhaltensweisen von Pflegenden tendenziell zu einem verzögerten oder ausbleibenden Übergang hin zu palliativen Versorgungskonzepten. Diskussion und Schlussfolgerungen: Auf Grundlage der Diskussion der Ergebnisse wurden fundierte Handlungsempfehlungen und praxisbezogene Anforderungen an eine demenzspezifische Palliative Care in der stationären Langzeitpflege abgeleitet.

The purpose of this three-essay dissertation was to expand knowledge and theory regarding soft systems methodologies (SSMs) and data visualization approaches in business, engineering, and other social sciences. The first essay depicts a bibliometric analysis study of the historic impacts of SSM from 1980-2018 on business, engineering, and other social sciences fields. This study found 285 articles that described or employed SSM for research and included outcomes such as top SSM authors, author citation impacts, common dissemination outlets, time-bound distribution of publications, and other relevant findings. This study provided a picture of who, what, why, when, and where SSM has had the greatest impact on academic thought and practice. The second essay presents research on the academic impact of Systemigrams, an associated data visualization approach, finding examples of conceptual or research development that employed Systemigrams to depict complex problem situations. Recommendations for improvement of designing these data visualizations to increase their field use resulted from this study. The final essay leverages a selection of the articles as use cases to produce a grounded theory study to identify phenomena that arose from the use of SSM for operations and firm strategy research. This study identified two broad themes including (i) scope, structure, and process challenges and (ii) performance and evaluation limitations. These themes were explained by six patterns that emerged from the publications. Each produced change recommendations for SSM process, practice, and reporting to support its continued viability and adoption in business and operations research.

Schüler/innen zu befähigen, die allgegenwärtige Rechentechnik in ihrem Umweld zu erkennen und zu bewerten ist ein international proklamiertes Ziel sekundärer Informatikbildung. Zu diesem Zweck müssen sie von ihrem schulischen Wissen auch tatsächlich im Alltag Gebrauch machen. Ausgehend von Theorien zu Lerntransfer und existierender Forschung zu Schülervorstellungen, untersucht diese Dissertation die Denk- und Lernprozesse von Schüler/innen über konkrete informatische Geräte. Die erste Studie untersucht, welche Arten von Technik Schüler/innen allgemein unterscheiden. Ich stelle eine Grounded Theory zu einer entsprechenden Taxonomie vor. Diese legt nahe, dass Rechentechnik keine vordergründige Kategorie für sie darstellt, was entsprechenden Transfer erschweren würde. Die zweite Studie untersucht, wie Schüler/innen Rechen- von Nicht-Rechentechnik unterscheiden. Ich stelle eine Grounded Theory entsprechender Denkprozesse vor. Diese zeigt, dass etliche Schüler/innen Rechentechnik unsachgemäß anhand inhärenter Fähigkeitsgrenzen unterscheiden, was ebenfalls Transfer behindern würde. Die dritte Studie untersucht daraufhin Lernprozesse im Kontext einer Intervention, die die oben genannten Punkte adressieren soll. Sie zeigt, dass einige Schüler/innen Probleme damit haben, Rechentechnik als gleichzeitig ökonomisch und leistungsfähig zu verstehen, was wiederum seine Verbreitung und Auswirkungen einschränkt. Die Analyse legt zudem erste Richtlinien für das Design entsprechender Interventionen nahe. Die Studien werden anschließend integriert diskutiert. Insbesondere stelle ich Lernziele und Aktivitäten vor, welche eine Teilantwort meiner ursprünglichen Leitfrage bilden: was müssen Schüler/innen lernen, um Rechentechnik im Alltag adäquat zu erkennen und zu bewerten? Ich diskutiere Implikationen für die Praxis sowie potentielle weiterführende Forschung, vor allem im Bezug zu einer Informatikbildung, die sich als Säule moderner Allgemeinbildung versteht. / Enabling students to recognize and evaluate the ubiquitous computing technologies in their lives is an internationally proclaimed goal of a secondary informatics education. To that end, they need to actually engage with their school-learned knowledge in the context of everyday situations. Based on theories of knowledge transfer and prior research on student conceptions, this thesis investigates students' related thinking and learning processes. The first study investigates what kinds of technology students generally distinguish. I propose a grounded theory for a related taxonomy. It suggests that computing technology is, in fact, not a very salient kind of technology for many, which poses a challenge for related transfer. The second study investigates how students even distinguish computing from non-computing technology. I propose a grounded theory of their related reasoning processes. It shows that students may inappropriately distinguish computing devices on the basis of inherent capability limitations, which would also be detrimental to transfer. The third study investigates students' learning processes in the context of an intervention designed to address these issues. It revealed that several students apparently had difficulty to conceive of computing technology as simultaneously economical and powerful, thus limiting its potential ubiquity and impact. The analysis also indicates some initial guidelines for the design of related interventions. The three studies are then integrated and discussed. In particular, I propose a set of learning objectives and activities as a partial answer to my original guiding question: what is it that students need to learn in order to adequately recognize and evaluate computing technologies in their lives? I discuss implications for practice and potential avenues for future research, especially with respect to a general informatics education that regards itself as part of a contemporary general education.