Studien har syftat till att skapa förståelse för hur verkligheten kan upplevas för personer som identifierar sig som homosexuella, bisexuella, transpersoner och/eller queer (H/B/T/Q), idag i Sverige. Vi hade en explorativ ansats utifrån detta syfte och använde oss av Grounded theory som kvalitativ metod för datainsamling och databearbetning. Vi intervjuade 11 H/B/T/Q-personer i Örebro, och vi fann ett antal centrala teman som var återkommande i intervjuberättelserna. Dessa handlade om hur sociala interaktioner med omgivningen påverkade den egna processen mot ett öppet liv som H/B/T/Q-person eller ett mer dolt. Det framkom också att det fanns en koppling mellan öppenhet i detta avseende och psykiskt välbefinnande. Utifrån dataanalysen drog vi en slutsats om påverkansfaktorer för den sociala interaktionens riktning gällande öppenhet/slutenhet och belyste relationerna mellan dessa i teoretiska modeller, där olika uttryck hos en heteronormativ omgivning beskrevs som centrala i detta avseende, men även den enskilda H/B/T/Q-personens interaktionsstrategier och tillgången till socialt stöd. / The aim of this study was to create an understanding of the life-views of persons identifying themselves as homosexual, bisexual, transpersons and/or queer (H/B/T/Q) in Sweden today. We had an explorative approach to this aim and used Grounded theory as a research method. We interviewed 11 H/B/T/Q-persons living in Örebro, and we found some central themes wich were frequently described, generally about how the social interaction with others had an effect on their own processes to living an open H/B/T/Q-life or having a restrictive approach. We also found that living openly as an H/B/T/Q-person seemed to be a salutogene factor. Those factors that we found to be central in the interactional processes to openly or restrictive ways of living as a H/B/T/Q-person, were illustrated in theoretical models, where the relationships between heteronormativity, individual interactional strategies and social support were focused.

No description available.

The care choicesystem and its replacementmodel were introduced in Region Halland in 2007 with the aim of contributing to good quality, continuity, high accessibility but also increased freedom of choice in primarycare for the individual. The aim of this study was to illustrate the experience of qualified healthcare professionals in primary care in Region Halland had regarding the replacementmodel within care choiceselection in relation to individuals with intellectual disabilities. Qualitative survey responses from healthcare professionals in primarycare were analyzed according to the Grounded Theory method. The result identified a main category, a theme, "care needs of individuals with intellectual disabilities are not fully met" and two subcategories "flaws in replacementmodel" and "complex care needs". The theme and its subcategories are described in a table that illustrates the clinical experience of the healthcarestaff regarding how care needs are met for individuals with intellectual disabilities in relation to the replacementmodel. It can be noted that the clinical effects that the replacementmodel in the healthcaresystem generated in terms of continuity and accessibility for individuals with intellectual disabilities have largely been negative. The districtnurse with a leading role in nursing, organization and leadership holds the core competence important to utilize in the pursuit of developing and sustainable care. Healthcare needs to master the responsibility that lies with them so that the care needs of individuals with IF can be fully met. Further research is needed in this area as a basis for the development of the replacementmodel and its clinical significance. / Vårdvalssystemet och dess ersättningsmodell infördes i Region Halland år 2007 med syfte att bidra till god kvalitét, kontinuitet, hög tillgänglighet men även ökad valfrihet inom primärvården för regioninvånarna. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa vilken erfarenhet legitimerad vårdpersonal inom primärvården i Region Halland hade angående ersättningsmodellen inom Vårdval i förhållande till individer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning. Kvalitativa enkätsvar från vårdpersonal yrkesverksamma inom primärvården analyserades enligt Grounded Theory. Resultatet vilket identifierats utgörs av kärnkategorin, temat, vårdbehov för individer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning tillgodoses ej fullt ut samt två underkategorier ersättningsmodellen brister och komplext vårdbehov. Temat och dess underkategorier belyser vårdpersonalens kliniska erfarenheter av hur vårdbehov tillgodoses för individer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning i relation till ersättningsmodellen. Konstateras kan att de kliniska effekter vilka ersättningsmodellen inom vårdvalssystemet genererat gällande kontinuitet och tillgänglighet för individer med intellektuell funktionsnedsättning till stor del utfallit negativt. Distriktssköterskan med ledande roll inom omvårdnad, organisation och ledarskap innehar kärnkompetens viktig att tillvarata i strävan efter utvecklande och hållbar vård. Hälso- och sjukvården behöver bemästra det ansvar som åligger dem så att även vårdbehov hos individer med IF kan tillgodoses fullt ut. Vidare forskning behövs inom området som grund för utvecklandet av ersättningsmodellen och dess kliniska betydelse.

Moral experiences are experiences where there are values at stake. All people live moral experiences, from the mundane to the extraordinary. Undergraduate nursing students (UNS) have moral experiences during their clinical placements yet little is known about these experiences. Research that acknowledges and accounts for the range of moral experiences that UNSs have when providing patient care better reflects the diversity of these experiences, from the good to the bad, the right to the wrong, and the just to the unjust. Understanding their moral experiences can foster a greater awareness of UNSs as moral beings who live meaningful experiences that affect them as learners and future professionals. The purpose of this research study was to examine clinical placement-related moral experiences of UNSs and the ways in which these moral experiences shape them as learners. The research questions were 1) What are the moral experiences of undergraduate nursing students in the context of clinical placements?; 2) What are the relational dimensions of undergraduate nursing students' moral experiences in the context of clinical placements?; and 3) How do undergraduate nursing students incorporate their moral experiences into their learning process? This study is a constructivist grounded theory as articulated by Charmaz. Twenty-three semi-structured interviews with UNS participants were conducted and retained for analysis. All participants were recruited from the Bachelor of Science in Nursing program at a bilingual university in Ontario, Canada. In keeping with constructivist grounded theory, the data analysis process was iterative and evolving to construct a theory that was grounded in the data. As a result of data analysis, three categories were developed: 1) having a moral experience; 2) learning in motion; and 3) navigating relational contexts. In brief, the first category, having a moral experience, represents the moral experiences described by the participants; these are the stories participants shared that unfolded during or in relation to clinical placements. The second category, learning in motion, describes the participants' learning process. The third category, navigating relational contexts, represents the interconnected relationships that framed the participants' moral experiences. Overall, the findings of this study provide insights into the range of moral experiences that UNSs have during their clinical placements, the relational dimensions at play, and the learning process that UNSs experience as they navigate clinical placements as learners.

Text in Afrikaans / In die ondersoek na die modus operandi van die bankrower: 'n kriminologiese introspeksie, kan die ondergemelde drie dimensies onderskei word: Die eerste dimensie is 'n kriminologiese introspeksie wat die betekenis wat bankrowers self aan die uitvoer van bankrooftogte heg, behels. Hierdie leefwereld van die subjekte word deur die navorser "betree" en mede-verken. Doelgerigtheid, morele oorwegings, teesin in geweld, charisma, kognitiewe vermoens en 'n materialistiese ingesteldheid is begrippe wat die bankrower as mens belig. Die tweede dimensie word verteenwoordig deur die begrondingsteorie as navorsingsmetode, gebaseer op die werk van Strauss en Corbin {1990), wat toegepas word ten einde sodanige navorsingsdoelstelling te fasiliteer. Tydens die aanvanklike fase van die ondersoek is daar met 28 bankrowers in aanhoud i ng, gefokusde semi -gest ruktureerde ind i epte-onderhoude gevoer. Opvolgonderhoude is met ses van die 28 subjekte gevoer, met die doel om 'n substantiewe begrondingsteorie te ontplooi, verskille op te klaar en die geldigheid van die data te verhoog. Die derde dimensie reflekteer vervolgens die ontplooiing van 'n substantiewe begrondingsteorie wat weerspieel word in proposisies en wat in vier fases van die modus operandi van die bankrower onderskei word, naamlik die beplanning-; uitvoering-; afhandeling-; en heroorwegingsfase. Elk van die ge'identifiseerde fases word gekenmerk deur progressiewe beweging, natuurlike kontinu'iteit, emosionele belewenisse en 'n individualistiese inslag. Twee kernelemente, naamlik besluitneming en rasionaliteit staan prominent binne die kader van die modus operandi van die bankrower. Die substantiewe begrondingsteorie is daarop ingestel om die verskynsel wat bestudeer word, te verklaar. Seide die oorweging van die ondersoek asook ander doelstellings van die navorser word binne die teorie geakkommodeer. Verdere vergelykende studies kan daartoe bydra om die substantiewe begrondingsteorie te verfyn, te falsifiseer, 6f by gebrek daaraan, tot 'n formele teorie uit te bou. Derhalwe word die begrondingsteorie as navorsingsmetode nie slegs as toepaslik beskou vir toekomstige navorsing oor onderwerpe waaroor daar 'n gebrek aan empiriese bevindinge bestaan en waaroor relatief min kennis in kriminologiese literatuur voorkom nie, maar hou dit ook die voordeel van 'n pluriforme navorsingstudie in. / In the investigation into the modus operandi of the bank robber: a criminological introspection, three dimensions can be distinguished. The first dimension is a criminological introspection comprising the meaning attached by bank rob.bers to the execution of bank robberies. This world of the subjects is entered and co-scouted. Sense of purpose, mora 1 considerations, aversion to violence, charisma, cognitive powers and a materialistic disposition are conceptions that elucidate the bank robber as a human. The second dimension is represented by the grounded theory as research method, based on the work of Strauss and Corbin (1990), which are applied to facilitate such research aims. During the initial phase of the investigation, focused, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were held with 28 bank robbers in detention. Subsequent interviews were held with six of the 28 subjects, aimed at expanding a substantive grounded theory, to clear up differences and to increase the validity of the data. The third dimension reflects the development of a substantive grounded theory which is revealed in propositions and signalised in four phases of the bank robber's modus operandi, namely the planning, execution, disposal and reconsideration phases. Each of these identified phases is characterised by progressive movement, natura 1 continuity, emot i ona 1 experiences and an individualistic infusion. The basic elements, namely decision-making and rationalisation, are prominent in the cadre of the bank robber's modus operandi. The substantive grounded theory is aimed at explaining the study phenomenon. Consideration of the investigation as well as other aims of the researcher are accommodated in the theory. Further comparative studies can assist in refining or falsifying the substantive grounded theory or, failing, to expand it to a formal theory. The grounded theory is therefore regarded as appropriate for future research on subjects about which there is a lack of empirical findings and relatively little knowledge in criminological literature. The theory offers, in addition, the advantage of a pluriform research study. / Sociology / D. Litt et Phil. (Kriminologie)

L'objectiu d'aquesta tesi doctoral ha estat conèixer l'efecte que pot tenir una intervenció de musicoteràpia en tres dones maltractades, mitjançant tres casos únics (Cas A, B i C), integrats per dues parts cadascun (Estudi 1 i 2). En l'Estudi 1, sobre l'eficàcia de la intervenció en cada cas, s'ha utilitzat el mètode quantitatiu per mesurar les variables autoestima, depressió i assertivitat abans i després del tractament amb qüestionaris estandaritzats (Autoconcepto Forma 5, AF-5, García i Musitu, 2001; Escala de Habilidades Sociales, EHS, Gismero, 2002; i Cuestionario Estructural Tetradimensional para la Depresión, Forma Breve y Escala para el seguimiento CETDE, Alonso-Femández, 1995) i amb fulls de seguiment diaris. En l'Estudi 2, de procés, s'ha utilitzat el mètode qualitatiu de la Grounded Theory (Glaser i Strauss, 1967), amb el qual s'han observat les dimensions sobre el maltractament sorgides de la conversa entre terapeuta i pacient, i la relació entre aquestes dimensions i les tècniques de musicoteràpia utilitzades per a cada cas. També s'ha analitzat el procés portat a terme per les dimensions al llarg del tractament, per a cadascun dels casos. La intervenció la integra un protocol de dotze sessions d'una hora de durada en les quals es va fer ús de diferents tècniques de musicoteràpia. La dona del Cas A, en va rebre 13; la del Cas B, 8 i la del Cas C, tres sessions, després de les quals va retornar al domicili conjugal. Per a l'Estudi 1, els resultats mostren millores en el Cas A, autoestima: 20,24% (qüestionari); 31,11% (full de seguiment); depressió: 41,38% i 10,64%; assertivitat: 11,2% i 21,93%. En el Cas B s'ha observat una millora en la variable depressió: 33,33% (qüestionari, en el seguiment); 3,83% (full de seguiment), però no s'han pogut mesurar els canvis en el post test per a l'autoestima i l'assertivitat. En el Cas C no s'han obtingut mesures en el post test de cap de les tres variables.L'Estudi 2 ha ofert sis dimensions relacionades amb el maltractament, per als tres casos: dimensió corporal, espiritual, metacomunicació relació terapèutica, interpersonal, socio-cultural i emocional/cognitiva i s'ha observat una evolució positiva de les verbalitzacions de les pacients al llarg de las sessions, en els Casos A i B. Per al Cas C s'ha observat cert retrocés en els temestractats, ja que suposa un exemple de retorn al domicili conjugal, després de tres sessions. Quant a les tècniques de musicoteràpia es ressalta, en els tres casos, la relació entre 1'ús de les escenificacions i el sorgiment de la dimensió corporal; 1'ús de la imaginació guiada i el dibuix amb la dimensió espiritual; i l'ús de l'audició amb la dimensió metacomunicació relació terapèutica. Es justifica la tria de les tres variables i l'enfocament de la teràpia en el marc de la Psicologia Humanista i el constructe de la Intel·ligència Emocional i s'exposen les limitacions i els suggeriments de futur d'aquest tipus d'intervenció en el col·lectiu de les dones maltractades. / El objetivo de esta tesis doctoral ha sido conocer el efecto que puede tener una intervención de musicoterapia en tres mujeres maltratadas, mediante tres casos únicos (Caso A, B Y C), integrados por dos partes cada uno (Estudio I y 2). En el Estudio 1, sobre la eficacia de la intervención en cada caso, se ha utilizado el método cuantitativo para medir las variables autoestima, depresión y asertividad antes y después del tratamiento con cuestionarios estandarizados (Autoconcepto Forma 5, AF-5, García y Musitu, 200 1; Escala de Habilidades Sociales, EHS, Gismero, 2002; y Cuestionario Estructural Tetradimensional para la Depresión, Forma Breve y Escala para el seguimiento CET-DE, Alonso-Femández, 1995) y con hojas de seguimiento diarias. En el Estudio 2, de proceso, se ha utilizado el método cualitativo de la Grounded Theory (Glaser y Strauss, 1967), con el que se han observado las dimensiones sobre el maltrato surgidas de la conversación entre terapeuta y paciente, y la relación entre estas dimensiones y las técnicas de musicoterapia utilizadas. También se ha analizado el proceso llevado a cabo por las dimensiones a 10 largo del tratamiento, para cada uno de los casos. La intervención la integra un protocolo de doce sesiones de una hora de duración en las que se utilizaron diferentes técnicas de musicoterapia. La mujer del Caso A, recibió 13 sesiones; la del Caso B, 8 Y la del Caso C, tres, después de las cuales retomó al domicilio conyugal. Para el Estudio 1, los resultados muestran mejoras en el Caso A, autoestima: 20,24% (cuestionario); 31, II% (hoja de seguimiento); depresión: 41,38% y 10,64%; asertividad: 11,2% y 21,93%. En el Caso B se ha observado una mejora en la variable depresión: 33,33% (cuestionario, en el seguimiento); 3,83% (hoja de seguimiento), pero no se han podido medir los cambios en el post test para la autoestima y la asertividad. En el Caso C no se han obtenido medidas en el post test de ninguna de las tres variables. El Estudio 2 ha ofrecido seis dimensiones relacionadas con el maltrato, en los tres casos: dimensión corporal, espiritual, metacomunicación relación terapéutica, interpersonal, socio-cultural y emocional/cognitiva y se ha observado una evolución positiva de las verbalizaciones de las pacientes a 10 largo de las sesiones, en los Casos A y B. Para el Caso C se ha observado cierto retroceso en los temas tratados, ya que supone un ejemplo de retorno al hogar conyugal, después de tres sesiones. En cuanto a las técnicas de musicoterapia se resalta, en los tres casos, la relación entre el uso de las escenificaciones y el surgimiento de la dimensión corporal; el uso de la imaginación guiada y el dibujo con la dimensión espiritual; y el uso de la audición con la dimensión metacomunicación relación terapéutica. Se justifica haber escogido las tres variables y el enfoque de la terapia en el marco de la Psicología Humanista y el constructo de la Inteligencia Emocional y se ofrecen las limitaciones y sugerencias de futuro de este tipo de intervención en el colectivo de las mujeres maltratadas. / The purpose of this doctoral dissertation was to determine the possible effect that a music therapy intervention can have on three battered women, through three case studies (Case A, B, and C). In Study 1, which main purpose was to determine the effect of the intervention for each of the case studies, quantitative methodology was used to measure the variables of self-esteem, depression and assertivity, before and after the treatment through standardized questionnaires (Autoconcepto Forma 5, AF-5, García i Musitu, 2001; Escala de Habilidades Sociales, EHS, Gismero, 2002; and Cuestionario Estructural Tetradimensional para la Depresión, Forma Breve and Escala para el seguimiento CET-DE, Alonso-Fernández, 1995). AIso, observation fonns and diaries were used for daily follow-up. In Study 2, which looked at the process, qualitative methodology was used, specifically the Grounded Theory method (Glaser i Strauss, 1967) which has allowed to observe the dimensions on the maltreatment that carne out from the conversations between therapist-patient, and the relationship between these dimensions and the specific music therapy techniques used. Also, the process followed by de dimensions throughout the treatment, for each of the case studies, was analyzed. The intervention included a total of 12 l-hour sessions in which several music therapy techniques were used. The subject of case study A received a total of 13 sessions; the subject of case study B, 8, and the subject of case study C, 3, after which the subject returned to the intimate partner's home. Results of Study l showed improvements for Case A, self-esteem: 20, 24% (test); 31,11% (observation form); depression: 41,38% and 10,64%; assertivity: 11,2% and 21,93%. For Case B, improvements were observed in the depression variable: 33,33% (test in the follow-up); 3,83% observation form. However, it was not possible to measure changes in the post-test for self-esteem and assertivity. For Case C, no post-test measures were obtained for any of the three variables. Study 2 offered six dimensions related to the maltreatment for the three cases: body, spiritual, metacomunication therapeutic relation, interpersonal, social-cultural and emotional cognitive, and a positive evolution was observed in the patients' verbalizations throughout the sessions, in Cases A and B. In Case C, a certain regression was observed in the aspects treated since it was an example of a return to the intimate partner's home after three sessions. In regards to the music therapy techniques used, it is stressed for the three cases, the relationship between the use of role-playing and the appearance of the body dimension; the use of guided imagery with drawing with the emergence of the spiritual dimension; and the use of music auditions with the dimension of metacomunication therapeutic relation. The choice of the three variables and the focus of the therapy within the Humanistic Psychology paradigm and the construct of Emotional Intelligence is argumented, and the limitations of the study as well as suggestions for future interventions and research studies with this population are stated.

The primary objective of this research was to determine if a specific set of reflective practices enhance university undergraduate students’ abilities to: 1) reflect on their thinking processes to become more aware of their own intellectual habits and how they form; 2) inquire with open-minded curiosity, including suspension of assumptions long enough for them to be challenged; and 3) generate justifiable, contextual understandings and judgments, individually and in collaboration. “Reflective practices” refers to a specific set of reflective learning activities introduced to undergraduates in two courses: mindfulness practice extended into journal writing, listening, inquiry and dialogue. The purpose of the reflective practices in this research was to support independent, critical thinking: well-reasoned, evaluative judgments based on evidence, contextual understanding, and respect for others. Students were instructed in both individual, introspective activity as well as in paired and group interaction while preserving a degree of mindfulness. Indicators of the dispositions for critical thinking were developed using grounded theory methods to study students’ experiences, as well as those dispositions previously identified in the research literature. Qualitative results showed increased self-confidence, engagement with multiple points of view, and an unexpected sense of connectedness that was stronger between students who disagreed with each other than between students who found easy agreement in their interaction. Quantitative results showed statistically significant gains in the average number of indicators of critical thinking dispositions appearing in student journals comparing week 1 to week 11. There was also positive correlation between final essay exam scores graded for critical thinking skills and the total number of indicators found in students’ journals. / This thesis presents primary research on the impacts of mindfulness applied to introspective and interactive learning activities in undergraduate university courses.

In der Mitte der Dissertation steht die Frage nach den Koordinationsmustern und den institutionellen Bedingungen online-medialen gelingenden, produktiven, also das Generieren informationeller Güter bezweckenden, Zusammenarbeitens. Diese wird exemplarisch und exponiert am Beispiel der freien Gemeingüterproduktion studiert, genauer gesagt am Fall der Online-Enzyklopädie Wikipedia. Die Studie zeigt, wie und in welchen institutionellen Kontexten das Herstellen und Verwalten informationeller Gemeingüter durch online-medial vermitteltes Kooperieren gelingen kann. Dazu wurde eine dreijährige teilnehmende Beobachtung durchgeführt und mit qualitativen Interviews und Dokumentenanalysen methodisch kombiniert. Typologisiert wurden die Beteiligungsweisen, die es Wikipedianern erlauben, an dem Projekt konstruktiv teilzunehmen, konkret die Handlungsmuster, um Beteiligen zu formieren und dabei unbezahltes und zielorientiertes Editieren zu animieren, anzuleiten und vorzulegen, sowie Handlungsmuster des Qualifizierens von Beiträgen und Beiträgern als Beobachten, Auszeichnen und Ausschließen. Das dabei effektive institutionelle Ensemble wurde als Satz an Richtlinien und Codevorgaben sowie normativen Einstellungen in Bezug auf das Arbeitsethos der Wikipedianer, die Form ihrer Vergemeinschaftung, das Teilnehmerkonzept und das enzyklopädische Werkkonzept ermittelt.

Text in Afrikaans / In die ondersoek na die modus operandi van die bankrower: 'n kriminologiese introspeksie, kan die ondergemelde drie dimensies onderskei word: Die eerste dimensie is 'n kriminologiese introspeksie wat die betekenis wat bankrowers self aan die uitvoer van bankrooftogte heg, behels. Hierdie leefwereld van die subjekte word deur die navorser "betree" en mede-verken. Doelgerigtheid, morele oorwegings, teesin in geweld, charisma, kognitiewe vermoens en 'n materialistiese ingesteldheid is begrippe wat die bankrower as mens belig. Die tweede dimensie word verteenwoordig deur die begrondingsteorie as navorsingsmetode, gebaseer op die werk van Strauss en Corbin {1990), wat toegepas word ten einde sodanige navorsingsdoelstelling te fasiliteer. Tydens die aanvanklike fase van die ondersoek is daar met 28 bankrowers in aanhoud i ng, gefokusde semi -gest ruktureerde ind i epte-onderhoude gevoer. Opvolgonderhoude is met ses van die 28 subjekte gevoer, met die doel om 'n substantiewe begrondingsteorie te ontplooi, verskille op te klaar en die geldigheid van die data te verhoog. Die derde dimensie reflekteer vervolgens die ontplooiing van 'n substantiewe begrondingsteorie wat weerspieel word in proposisies en wat in vier fases van die modus operandi van die bankrower onderskei word, naamlik die beplanning-; uitvoering-; afhandeling-; en heroorwegingsfase. Elk van die ge'identifiseerde fases word gekenmerk deur progressiewe beweging, natuurlike kontinu'iteit, emosionele belewenisse en 'n individualistiese inslag. Twee kernelemente, naamlik besluitneming en rasionaliteit staan prominent binne die kader van die modus operandi van die bankrower. Die substantiewe begrondingsteorie is daarop ingestel om die verskynsel wat bestudeer word, te verklaar. Seide die oorweging van die ondersoek asook ander doelstellings van die navorser word binne die teorie geakkommodeer. Verdere vergelykende studies kan daartoe bydra om die substantiewe begrondingsteorie te verfyn, te falsifiseer, 6f by gebrek daaraan, tot 'n formele teorie uit te bou. Derhalwe word die begrondingsteorie as navorsingsmetode nie slegs as toepaslik beskou vir toekomstige navorsing oor onderwerpe waaroor daar 'n gebrek aan empiriese bevindinge bestaan en waaroor relatief min kennis in kriminologiese literatuur voorkom nie, maar hou dit ook die voordeel van 'n pluriforme navorsingstudie in. / In the investigation into the modus operandi of the bank robber: a criminological introspection, three dimensions can be distinguished. The first dimension is a criminological introspection comprising the meaning attached by bank rob.bers to the execution of bank robberies. This world of the subjects is entered and co-scouted. Sense of purpose, mora 1 considerations, aversion to violence, charisma, cognitive powers and a materialistic disposition are conceptions that elucidate the bank robber as a human. The second dimension is represented by the grounded theory as research method, based on the work of Strauss and Corbin (1990), which are applied to facilitate such research aims. During the initial phase of the investigation, focused, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were held with 28 bank robbers in detention. Subsequent interviews were held with six of the 28 subjects, aimed at expanding a substantive grounded theory, to clear up differences and to increase the validity of the data. The third dimension reflects the development of a substantive grounded theory which is revealed in propositions and signalised in four phases of the bank robber's modus operandi, namely the planning, execution, disposal and reconsideration phases. Each of these identified phases is characterised by progressive movement, natura 1 continuity, emot i ona 1 experiences and an individualistic infusion. The basic elements, namely decision-making and rationalisation, are prominent in the cadre of the bank robber's modus operandi. The substantive grounded theory is aimed at explaining the study phenomenon. Consideration of the investigation as well as other aims of the researcher are accommodated in the theory. Further comparative studies can assist in refining or falsifying the substantive grounded theory or, failing, to expand it to a formal theory. The grounded theory is therefore regarded as appropriate for future research on subjects about which there is a lack of empirical findings and relatively little knowledge in criminological literature. The theory offers, in addition, the advantage of a pluriform research study. / Sociology / D. Litt et Phil. (Kriminologie)

In der Mitte der Dissertation steht die Frage nach den Koordinationsmustern und den institutionellen Bedingungen online-medialen gelingenden, produktiven, also das Generieren informationeller Güter bezweckenden, Zusammenarbeitens. Diese wird exemplarisch und exponiert am Beispiel der freien Gemeingüterproduktion studiert, genauer gesagt am Fall der Online-Enzyklopädie Wikipedia. Die Studie zeigt, wie und in welchen institutionellen Kontexten das Herstellen und Verwalten informationeller Gemeingüter durch online-medial vermitteltes Kooperieren gelingen kann. Dazu wurde eine dreijährige teilnehmende Beobachtung durchgeführt und mit qualitativen Interviews und Dokumentenanalysen methodisch kombiniert. Typologisiert wurden die Beteiligungsweisen, die es Wikipedianern erlauben, an dem Projekt konstruktiv teilzunehmen, konkret die Handlungsmuster, um Beteiligen zu formieren und dabei unbezahltes und zielorientiertes Editieren zu animieren, anzuleiten und vorzulegen, sowie Handlungsmuster des Qualifizierens von Beiträgen und Beiträgern als Beobachten, Auszeichnen und Ausschließen. Das dabei effektive institutionelle Ensemble wurde als Satz an Richtlinien und Codevorgaben sowie normativen Einstellungen in Bezug auf das Arbeitsethos der Wikipedianer, die Form ihrer Vergemeinschaftung, das Teilnehmerkonzept und das enzyklopädische Werkkonzept ermittelt.:1 Einleitung: Online-Kooperation in Theorie und Praxis 4 2 Problem: Wie gelingt Kooperation online? 15 2.1 Untersuchungsfeld: Gemeingüterproduktion 15 2.2 Wie ist Gemeingüterproduktion möglich? 31 2.3 Problemkreise 49 3 Theoretischer Rahmen: Online-Kooperation in Aktion 54 3.1 Die Praxis sozialer Ordnung 54 3.2 Online-Kooperation koordinieren 77 3.3 Bilanz und Forschungsfragen: Gemeingüter produzieren 100 4 Methodologie, Methoden und Vorgehen: Online-Kooperieren studieren 108 4.1 Methodologische Herausforderung: Logik der Praxis vs. Logik der Logik? 108 4.2 Methodische Option: Praktiken beobachten, Praktiken vollziehen, Praktiken beschreiben 111 4.3 Konzeption und Fallauswahl 130 4.4 Vorgehen 147 5 Analyse: Gemeingüter produzieren 171 5.1 Einen ausgezeichneten Artikel schreiben oder: Wikipedia macht Arbeit 172 5.2 Beteiligungsweisen: „und eigentlich ist doch alles ganz einfach“ 181 5.3 Wikipedias institutionelles Ensemble: „eine komplizierte Materie“ 205 5.4 Beteiligen formieren: „in die richtige Spur gesetzt“ 286 5.5 Beteiligen qualifizieren: „wir bemühen uns, alles richtig zu machen“ 313 6 Bilanz und Aufgaben: Den ‚Wikiweg’ gehen? 336 7 Anhang 353 Abbildungsverzeichnis 405 Tabellenverzeichnis 406 Primärquellenverzeichnis 407 Sekundärquellenverzeichnis 416