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Background: Past studies have shown that optimal nutrition can enhance physical activity, athletic performance, and recovery from exercise. It is important for college athletes to incorporate positive eating behaviors into their daily lives, such as consuming breakfast, eating frequently throughout the day, and not skipping meals in order to maintain energy levels and reach their sports performance potential. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the eating behaviors and dietary supplement use of underclassmen and upperclassmen student athletes at Georgia State University. Methods: Underclassmen (freshmen, sophomores) and upperclassmen (juniors, seniors, fifth-year seniors) athletes (n=255) completed a nutrition screening questionnaire. Chi-square analysis was used to assess group differences in eating behaviors and supplement use. Results: Underclassmen student athletes were significantly more likely than upperclassmen to consume breakfast most days of the week (p=0.008). The underclassmen also reported significantly more eating occasions during the day than upperclassmen (p=0.012). The majority of both groups reported skipping meals, and breakfast was the meal most frequently missed. No significant difference was found for supplement use between the classes, but over half of the underclassmen (53%) and upperclassmen (59%) have taken or currently take protein supplements. Conclusions: The underclassmen athletes at Georgia State University displayed better eating habits than the upperclassmen, but dietary supplement use was the same in both groups. The findings indicate that all student athletes at the university could benefit from learning about ways to improve their eating habits and obtain peak performance through diet, without supplements.

The coexistence of Dipodomys ordii and Perognathus hispidus with Peromyscus maniculatus and Reithrodontomys montanus was studied in a grassland association of central Texas. The food habits of these species were compared with information from habitat vegetation analysis in an effort to determine food selectivity and the amount and importance of niche overlap and competition among these rodents.

MMed, Epidemiology and Biostatistics,University of the Witwatersrand, 2009 / Background: South Africa is one of the countries with the highest Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) prevalence in the world. The main mode of transmission in South Africa is via heterosexual intercourse. Thus there is the need to identify factors associated with HIV high risk sexual behaviour to inform future intervention programmes. Objective: To determine the association between alcohol consumption and high risk sexual behaviour in South African adults in 2006. Methods: Secondary data analysis of cross sectional study involving 1544 adult males and females, between 16-65 years interviewed in the Soul City National Survey. A multi-stage, stratified and clustered probability sampling technique was used. Univariate and multivariate analysis was done using student t test, chi square test and logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence of alcohol consumption in the week prior to the survey was 24.4% (95%CI: 22.2-26.6). The prevalence of heavy episodic drinking in last one month was 17.5% (95%CI: 15.5-19.4). There was an association between broad socioeconomic conditions and sexual behaviour particularly age, sex and race (P<0.05). The mean age at sexual debut was 17.13 (SD 2.61) years in the males and 17.91 (2.45 SD) years in females (P<0.001). Of the sexually active respondents, 12.7% and 4.2% of the men and women respectively had multiple partners currently (P<0.001). Generally consistent condom use was more in men although, only 10.3% of the men and 5.6% of the women used the condoms consistently with their casual partners (P=0.28). Multivariate regression showed that alcohol use predicted having multiple partners (AOR 2.37; 95%CI 1.19-4.69 and AOR 4.15; 95%CI 1.37-11.97) for moderate and problem drinkers respectively. Also, heavy episodic drinking predicted having multiple partners by three times (AOR 3.21; 95%CI 1.69-6.39). There was a significant dose response relationship for having multiple partners (P<0.05). As regards unprotected sexual intercourse, although not significant, female drinkers were found to be protected from inconsistent condom use with a casual partner. Male drinkers on the other hand, were found to be at a higher risk of having unprotected sex with casual partners. Perceptions of susceptibility to HIV (AOR 0.31; 95%CI 0.17-0.56), and alcohol related harm (AOR 0.17; 95%CI; 0.22-0.71) influenced consistent condom use with casual partners. Also regards gender differences, women who drank alcohol (AOR 9.68; 95%CI 1.31-17.45 vs. 1.17; 0.28-4.89) or were heavy episodic drinkers (AOR 4.45; 95%CI 1.46-3.55 vs. 2.43; 1.03-5.92) had a higher probability of having multiple partners than men. Conclusion: There is a strong association between risky alcohol use and high risk sexual behaviours. HIV prevention programmes need to address reduction in alcohol intake and changes in drinking pattern. Further research to disentangle the relationship between condom use and alcohol use is needed.

李偉儀. / 論文(哲學碩士) -- 香港中文大學硏究院人類學部, 1997. / 參考文獻: leaves 198-204. / Li Weiyi. / 序 寫在本文之前 --- p.1 / Chapter 第一章 --- 食物與族群：飲食研究對瞭解香港族群的重要性 --- p.5 / Chapter (一) --- 研究課題 --- p.5 / Chapter a. --- 香港「潮州人」的「少數族群」地位； / Chapter b. --- 從潮州族群飲食看香港社會的轉變。 / Chapter (二) --- 研究方法 --- p.10 / Chapter a. --- 深入訪談； / Chapter b. --- 參與觀察； / Chapter c. --- 修讀烹飪課程； / Chapter d. --- 問卷調查。 / Chapter (三) --- 文獻回顧 --- p.14 / Chapter a. --- 文化理論； / Chapter b. --- 族群理論； / Chapter c. --- 飲食理論。 / Chapter 第二章 --- 香港潮州人的生活面貌 --- p.37 / Chapter (一) --- 移民歷史 --- p.37 / Chapter (二) --- 潮州人在香港的人口及其分布 --- p.40 / Chapter (三) --- 潮州人從事的食品業務 --- p.45 / Chapter a. --- 菜種業； / Chapter b. --- 藥材業； / Chapter c. --- 米業； / Chapter d. --- 蜜錢業 / Chapter e. --- 醫料業； / Chapter f. --- 餅食業。 / Chapter (四) --- 籌集資本及僱用員工的方式 --- p.53 / Chapter (五) --- 改變中的潮州人日常生活 --- p.56 / Chapter (六) --- 被塑型的香港潮州人形象 --- p.68 / Chapter 第三章 --- 消费市場上的香港潮州飲食與潮籍供應者 --- p.77 / Chapter (一) --- 潮州人經營的食肆分類 --- p.77 / Chapter (二) --- 小型潮州菜館 --- p.78 / Chapter 個案一： --- 訪問潮州菜師傅暨「陳東記」東主陳東先生 --- p.79 / Chapter a. --- 今日香港和國内的潮州菜發展； / Chapter b. --- 香港的舊派和新派潮州菜； / Chapter c. --- 潮州菜在香港的發揚光大； / Chapter d. --- 香港潮州菜在用料、味道和煮法上的特色； / Chapter e. --- 潮州魚食; / Chapter f. --- 對潮州菜的評價； / Chapter g. --- 潮州與其他廣東食制之分别-醬料使用； / Chapter h. --- 潮州人從事飲食業； / Chapter i. --- 研習潮州菜； / Chapter j. --- 個人創業-「陳東記」 ； / Chapter k. --- 從港產電影《食神》看潮州菜； / Chapter l. --- 香港九七食品節-「香江小菜」烹飪班與九七蘭桂坊「回歸菜」 / Chapter 個案二 ： --- 訪問九龍城「創發」潮州菜馆蘇先生 --- p.102 / Chapter a. --- 潮州人早年在香港的生活； / Chapter b. --- 九龍城潮州菜館「創發」 ； / Chapter c. --- 潮州食制； / Chapter d. --- 潮州家庭飲食和生活。 / Chapter (三) --- 潮州「打冷 」 --- p.111 / Chapter 個案三： --- 訪問「天外天」大排檔創辦人陳女士 --- p.114 / Chapter a. --- 泰國人與潮州人身分認同； / Chapter b. --- 潮州家庭飲食和生活； / Chapter c. --- 個人創業-厂天外天」打冷大排檔； / Chapter d. --- 大埔「天外天」。 / Chapter (四) --- 連鎖潮州食肆 --- p.119 / Chapter 個案四： --- 訪問「香港工會聯合會業餘進修中心」與「飲食業職工總會」 合辦的潮州菜烹飪課程導師李奇寶師傅 --- p.121 / Chapter a. --- 入行潮州菜館經過； / Chapter b. --- 敎授潮州菜烹飪課程； / Chapter c. --- 香港的潮州菜館與潮州菜； / Chapter d. --- 潮州家庭飲食和生活； / Chapter e. --- 籌備創業。 / Chapter (五) --- 由潮州人經營的「茶餐廳」 --- p.131 / Chapter 個案五： --- 訪問香港中文大學「幸福咖啡閣」林福田先生 --- p.132 / Chapter a. --- 潮州人早年在港創業經歷； / Chapter b. --- 個人創業-荃灣茶餐廳及「幸福咖啡閣」； / Chapter c. --- 潮州家庭飲食和生活； / Chapter d. --- 潮州人對飲食業的貢獻。 / Chapter (六) --- 香港潮州飲食的演化：低級菜餚至高級菜餚 --- p.138 / Chapter 第四章 --- 香港潮州飲食消费者研究 --- p.141 / Chapter (一) --- 香港潮州人的家庭飲食 --- p.141 / Chapter (二) --- 不願吃消费市場上的「改良」、「精致」潮州菜的年長潮州人 --- p.143 / Chapter 個案六： --- 訪問吳榮華先生 --- p.144 / Chapter a. --- 潮州家庭飲食； / Chapter b. --- 潮州菜館消費及評價； / Chapter c. --- 個人創業-潮州的「南方園」； / Chapter d. --- 在香港的潮式生活 / Chapter 個案七： --- 訪問吳道章先生 --- p.154 / Chapter a. --- 來港經歷； / Chapter b. --- 個人創業-長沙灣「燒鵝飯」大排檔； / Chapter c. --- 兒子入行潮州菜館經過； / Chapter d. --- 潮州家庭飲食和生活。 / Chapter (三) --- 年輕潮州人與非潮州人對潮州精致菜餚的消費 --- p.158 / Chapter (四) --- 潮州菜烹飪班：對潮州菜知識的消費 --- p.161 / Chapter 第五章 --- 解讀香港潮州飲食的族群意義 --- p.164 / Chapter (一) --- 潮州飲食與族群認同 --- p.165 / Chapter (二) --- 供應大眾飲食：潮州平民所從事的民間行業 --- p.169 / Chapter (三) --- 潮州飲食與女性創業 --- p.171 / Chapter (四) --- 潮州人對「正宗飲食」的辯爭：對「標準化」的抗拒與「傳統的再發明」 --- p.172 / Chapter 第六章 --- 香港潮州飲食的的多重社會譽喻特性 --- p.184 / Chapter (一) --- 對「潮州´Ø菜」與「潮州人/潮州族群」的再定義 --- p.184 / Chapter (二) --- 從「潮州菜」的「精致化」看「致富精祌」 --- p.186 / Chapter (三) --- 從「潮州菜」及「香港菜」的建構關係看香港人面對的雙重身份矛盾 --- p.188 / Chapter a. --- 多元一體格局論述：「潮州菜」與「香港菜」的交替 --- p.189 / Chapter b. --- 香港製造論述：民間潮州食品是「香港菜」的代表 --- p.192 / Chapter (四) --- 總結：「潮州菜」/「潮州人」/「香港人-」 --- p.196 / 參考書目 --- p.200 / Chapter 附錄一 --- 香港人的潮州飲食問卷調查(第四章個案一至廿五)問卷範本 / Chapter 附錄二 --- 潮州菜烹飪課問卷調查(第四章個案廿六至卅八)問卷範本 / Chapter 附錄三 --- 富豪機場酒店豪苑潮州燕窩酒家九七回歸聯歡宴餐單 / Chapter 附錄四 --- 剪報一 「何謂香港菜？」 / Chapter 附錄五 --- 照片（圖1-258) / Chapter 附錄六 --- 消費個案(´إ)潮州人對潮州菜的消費:個案一至十二 / (二)非潮州人對潮州菜的消費：個案十三至二十五 / (三)潮州菜烹烹飪課程：個案二十六至三十八 / 圖、表 / Chapter 圖一 --- （潮州人） 歌詞 --- p.37a / Chapter 圖二 --- 「旅港潮僑分佈圖」原圖(1964) --- p.42a / Chapter 表一 --- 「旅港潮僑分佈圖」 (1964)簡表 --- p.43a / Chapter 表二 --- 政府人口普查及其他人士對潮州人口的詮釋 --- p.43a / Chapter 圖三 --- 「在你的印像中，香港的潮州人是怎樣的？」 --- p.74a / Chapter 圖四 --- 「香港旅遊協會」宣傳品中的「潮江春」集團圖片廣告 --- p.160a / Chapter 圖五 --- 多元一體的九七香港飲食文化架構 --- p.189a

Typescript (photocopy). / Digitized by Kansas Correctional Industries

Field work for the study was conducted in Logan Canyon and the valley at the base of that canyon in Cache County, Utah, during the three summer months of both 1968 and 1969, Microtus pennsylvanicus, found only in the valley, inhabits wet marshy areas. Microtus longicaudus is found in mixed deciduous woods a long the Logan River in the canyon. Microtus richardsoni, which occurs only at the higher elevations, inhabits the subalpine meadows . Microtus montanus inhabits mesic grassy fields in both the valley and Logan Canyon and also inhabits a mixed deciduous woods and tall canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) growing adjacent to impounded waters in the canyon. Foods eaten by Microtus pennsylvanicus and Microtus montanus were studied from analysis of stomach and caecal contents. Both species appear selective in their feeding habits. Plants eaten by Microtus montanus in larger percentages, than they occurred in the field, included Agropyron trachycaulum, Agropyron Smithii, Festuca elator, and Melilotys officinalis, whereas the very abundant Poa pratensis and Glyceria elata were eaten in very small amounts. Plants eaten by Microtus pennsylvanicus in larger amounts, than they were present in the field, included Agropyron trachycaulum, Phalaris arundinacea, and Equisetum kansanum; and the very abundant Carex nebraskensis, Carex lanuginosa, and Juncus balticus were eaten in lesser amounts. Food preference tests for Microtus montanus, taken from a habitat composed primarily of Phalaris arundinacea, demonstrated that these voles eat large amounts of that grass not because they prefer it but because of its extremely high abundance

The purpose of the studies presented was to develop and examine the psychometric properties of the Eating Habits Questionnaire (EHQ). The author designed the 21-item self-report inventory to assess cognitions, behaviors, and feelings related to an extreme focus on healthy eating as a preliminary step in researching an alleged syndrome that has been labeled "orthorexia nervosa", defined as a pathological fixation on healthy eating. Study 1 examined the factor structure of the EHQ and refined the instrument with exploratory factor analysis. A 3-factor solution was preferred, with subscales labeled: knowledge of healthy eating, problems associated with healthy eating, and feeling positively about healthy eating. In the Study 1 sample (n = 174) the subscales displayed good internal consistency (.87 to .91) and test-retest reliability (.74 to .87). Study 2 examined the fit of the 3-factor model in a new sample (n = 213) with confirmatory factor analysis. Poor initial fit became adequate after eliminating poorly fitting items. Internal consistency (.82 to .90) and test-retest reliability (.72 to .81) of the subscales remained good in the Study 2 sample. Examination of correlations between the EHQ subscales and a variety of other measures provided preliminary evidence for both convergent and discriminant validity in the Study 2 sample. As expected, the EHQ subscales correlated more highly with measures of eating related pathology than with measures of general pathology, personality characteristics, or social desirability.