Orientador: Maria Filomena Spatti Sandalo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-13T15:11:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kajita_AngelaSatomi_M.pdf: 6165845 bytes, checksum: 2db2de19e84f77e262acf760d51dbaed (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009 / Resumo: Estudos em Lingüística Histórica mostram que textos antigos são úteis não apenas para se analisar a língua escrita, mas também para retratar certos aspectos fonológicos, que em geral são associados apenas à língua falada. De fato, a informação fonológica que pode ser obtida do texto escrito - antigo ou moderno - varia das características de pronúncia ao padrão rítmico da língua; e se o texto foi escrito por um sujeito semi-alfabetizado (também chamado de mão inábil), é ainda mais provável que se encontrem tais características. O presente trabalho se concentra nos aspectos rítmicos dos escritos de adultos semialfabetizados portugueses dos séculos XVII e XVIII, selecionados do arquivo da Inquisição de Lisboa. Observando a segmentação ortográfica não-convencional nesses textos, pode-se ver que não se trata de algo aleatório; ao contrário, os sujeitos parecem ter usado critérios bem definidos para decidir onde deviam separar ou juntar elementos. Portanto, as hipossegmentações (i.e. a omissão de espaço em branco entre elementos separados) e as hipersegmentações (i.e. a inserção de branco gráfico entre elementos ligados) parecem ter motivação semântica ou fonológica. Pressupondo que as segmentações não-canônicas podem ser relacionadas aos aspectos rítmicos da língua, a proposta deste trabalho é estudar os textos de mãos inábeis em busca de sinais que reflitam um possível padrão rítmico da língua falada. Os textos da primeira metade do século XVIII analisados mostram que o padrão de acento binário - um traço característico do português brasileiro - se torna menos freqüente nos dados com o passar do tempo, o que poderia ser considerado um indicativo da mudança rítmica sofrida pela língua na transição para o português europeu moderno. Apesar de não serem conclusivos, os resultados sugerem que de fato a mudança no padrão das segmentações não-convencionais pode estar relacionada à mudança do padrão rítmico no português europeu / Abstract: Studies on Historical Linguistics show that old texts are not only useful for analyzing the written form of a given language, but also for portraying some phonological aspects, which are typically only associated with spoken language. In fact, the phonological information that can be obtained from a written text - old or modern - ranges from pronunciation characteristics to rhythmic pattern; and if the text was written by a semi-illiterate subject (also called inept hand), these characteristics are even more likely to be found. The present work focuses on the rhythmic aspects of the writings of semi-illiterate Portuguese adults from the 17th and 18th century, which were selected from the Lisbon Inquisition archives. By observing the unconventional orthographic segmentation in these texts, one can see that it is not a matter of randomness; instead, the subjects seem to have used well-defined criteria as to where they should join or separate elements. Thus the hyposegmentations (i.e. the omission of white space between separated elements) and hypersegmentations (i.e. de insertion of white space between joined elements) seem to be semantically or phonologically motivated. Assuming that the unconventional segmentations can be related to rhythmic aspects of the language, this work's proposal is to study the writings of some inept hands in search of signs that can point to a possible stress pattern of the spoken language. The analyzed texts from the first half of the 18th century show that the binary stress pattern - a trait of modern Brazilian Portuguese - becomes less frequent throughout time in the collected data, which possibly indicates a rhythmic change undergone by the language during the transition to modern European Portuguese. Although not conclusive, the results suggest that the change in the unconventional segmentation pattern can be related to the rhythmic pattern change of European Portuguese / Mestrado / Mestre em Linguística

Le travail présenté s'intéresse à la problématique générale de la mise en oeuvre de mains robotiques à haut niveau de dextérité. Dans ce contexte, nous nous intéressons à la synthèse de prise d'objets en prenant en compte les contraintes propres à la tâche de manipulation visée. La manière dont l'objet est saisi a une importance capitale sur le bon déroulement d'une tâche.Le développement d'algorithmes capables de générer automatiquement des prises optimales implique avant tout la nécessité de définir la notion de prise optimale au regard de la tâche cible. Pour répondre à ce problème, la communauté scientifique propose dans la littérature de nombreux critères de qualité et continue à en développer de nouveaux. Dans cette thèse, nous présentons une extension des travaux proposés avec une étude approfondie de ces critères dans le cadre de la manipulation dextre. Ces critères sont évalués avec une main robotique entièrement actionnée à quatre doigts et seize articulations.Nous quantifions l'efficacité de ces critères dans le cadre de la réalisation de tâches de manipulation fine avec trois types d'objets spécifiques. Deux groupes de critères sont étudiés : d'une part des critères s'appuyant uniquement sur la position des points de contact, et, d'autre part, des critères prenant en compte la cinématique du préhenseur. Cette étude nous a permis de sélectionner un ensemble de critères pertinents pour résoudre le problème de synthèse de prise que nous avons mis en oeuvre dans un processus basé sur une approche évolutionnaire. Cette approche a été validée dans l'environnement de simulation OpenRAVE, puis expérimentalement avec la nouvelle main RoBioSS. / The work presented in this thesis concerns object grasping with dexterous robotic hands. In this work, we are going to focus on the grasp synthesis problem by taking into account the in-hand manipulation task. The initial grasp has a capital role for the successful completion of a given task.In order to develop algorithms which are able to generate automatically correct grasps for a manipulation task, we need to define suitable grasp quality metrics to assess the validity of a grasp. Throughout the years, a large variety of quality measures have been proposed in the literature and researchers keep on developing new ones. However those quality measures are generally developed for simple grippers and for grasping tasks. In this thesis, we will extend the study of selected interesting grasp quality measures for in-hand manipulation tasks. These quality measures will be evaluated on a four finger robotic hand with sixteen fully actuated degrees of freedom.We will assess the chosen quality measures for in-hand manipulation tasks with three different carefully selected type of objects. The quality metrics are classified in two groups, first one focuses exclusively on the location of contact points and the second one considers the kinematics of the robotic hand. The review of these quality measures led us to select the ones meaningful for solving the grasp synthesis problem for in-hand manipulation. The grasping pipeline implemented to generate the correct grasps is based on an evolutionary approach using a mix of the selected quality measures. The proposed approach was tested in the OpenRAVE robotic simulator and also validated experimentally with the new RoBioSS hand.

The use of physical systems and Virtual Machines has become inefficient and expensive for creating tailored, hands-on exercises for providing cyber security training. The main purpose of this project is to directly address these issues faced in cyber security education with the help of Docker containers. Using Docker, a lightweight and automated platform was developed for creating, sharing, and managing hands-on exercises. With the help of orchestration tools, this platform provides a centralized point to monitor and control the systems and exercises with a high degree of automation. In a classroom/lab environment, this infrastructure enables instructors and students not only to share exercises but also helps create and deploy exercises more easily. By streamlining the end to end delivery and deployment of the exercises, instructors can now efficiently make use of the class/lab hours in educating the students rather than performing system administration tasks.

Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-01T18:12:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_francisca_niedja.pdf: 3178780 bytes, checksum: 36c42b15e710e328423db2e024f3e5c8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-03-23 / This study aims to make a comparative analysis of the blessing therapeutic-relogious technique, by hands imposition in three philosofical religious entities, trying to discover their contextual distinction and the possible estructures of this phenomenon. They have been used as sources, besides the regarded bibliograghy,as well as interviews of those who adapt the tradition that they have been using as a prayer. Historically, they are situated and contextualized in the common oriental tradition present in brazilian derivation, the practice of Passe in the Spiritism, Johrei of Messianic Church and Reiki in the movement using the same name. Soon afeter, by the comparative analysis of the testimonies of the participantes, it will be outlined a morfology of the sacret that is showed in the terapeutical experiences of Hands Imposition, Which make variations between healt and salvation. / Este estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma análise comparativa da técnica terapêuticoreligiosa da bênção através da Imposição das Mãos em três entidades filosófico-religiosas, procurando descobrir as suas distinções contextuais e as possíveis estruturas desse fenômeno. Utilizam-se como fontes, além da bibliografia atinente, também entrevistas com os adeptos das tradições que vivenciam tal modo de prece. Serão situadas historicamente e contextualizadas dentro da comum tradição oriental inculturada em suas derivações brasileiras, as práticas do passe no Espiritismo, do johrei na Igreja Messiânica e do Reiki no movimento de mesmo nome. Em seguida, pela análise comparativa dos depoimentos dos praticantes, será esboçada uma morfologia do sagrado que transparece nessas vivências terapêuticas da Imposição das Mãos, que realizam variações em torno da binômia saúde e salvação.

We will combine hands-on science investigations with supporting literacy activities to help students tell the “whole story” of force and motion.

In this interactive session, teachers will learn how to use simple models and diagrams alongside interactive read aloud experiences to boost students’ conceptual understanding of science phenomena.

No description available.

BACKGROUND: In order to maintain non-weight bearing restrictions of the lower extremity, an assistive device must be utilized. Currently most devices require the restricted limb to be held in a static position while the contralateral extremity provides forward propulsion. Atrophy and disuse conditions ensue rapidly, slowing healing and prolonging recovery. A hands-free single crutch (HFSC) utilizes both lower extremities, potentially reducing atrophy. The purpose of this study was to examine the Electromyography (EMG) differences between a HFSC and standard axillary crutches (SAC). METHODS: A prospective, crossover study was performed using 21 healthy volunteers from an active duty foot and ankle clinic. Demographic data was obtained and then subjects were fitted with a HFSC and SAC. Wireless surface EMG sensors were applied to the belly of the rectus femoris (RF), vastus lateralis (VL), lateral gastrocnemius (LG), and the gluteus maximus (GM) by a board-certified orthopedic surgeon. Subjects then ambulated at a self-selected velocity for 30 meters, while 15 seconds of the gait cycle was recorded for each device. Mean muscle activity and the maximum voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) were recorded. RESULTS: The RF, GM, and LG showed statistically significant increased levels of muscle activity while using the HFSC compared to SAC (respectively P = 0.05, P = 0.03, P = 0.03). The VL did not show statistically higher muscle activity while using the HFSC (P = 0.051). The RF, GM, and VL showed statistically significant higher MVIC percentages while using the HFSC compared to using SAC (respectively P = 0.005, P = 0.005, P = 0.013). The LG did not show statistically higher MVIC percentage while using the HFSC (P = 0.076). CONCLUSION: The HFSC subjects demonstrated increased muscle recruitment and intensity while maintaining cyclic contractions consistent with bipedal gait pattern. SAC demonstrated less recruitment and intensity with an isometric pattern regardless of the phase of gait. / 2022-06-04T00:00:00Z

Den presenterade studien framställer ett sätt att definiera praktiskt arbete, vidare, undersöks och beskrivs inlärningsmetoderna hands-on science och experiential learning, samt presenteras vilka kopplingar dessa begrepp kan ha med praktisktarbete. Arbetet redogör även för hur man kan använda sig av inlärningsmetoderna med syftet av att skapa en undervisning där elever får chansen att använda sinnen, fysiska modeller, naturen och konkreta objekt, allt för att uppleva naturvetenskap på förstahand. Nack och fördelar med metoderna introduceras och sammanfattas. Studiens informationssökning har genomförts med hjälp av olika sökmotorer och dess källor har samlats från olika databaser. Studien använder sig av vetenskapligaartiklar som är peer reviewed, eller med andra ord är de vetenskapligt granskade. Resultatet av denna studie beskriver inte bara definitionerna av hands-on science och experiential learning, utan här tas även upp hur laboration och utomhuspedagogik kan spegla dessa inlärningsmetoder i undervisningen. I slutsatsen beskrivs kopplingarna som de valda begreppen har med praktiskt arbete samt en sammanfattning av vilka för och nackdelar det kan finnas med dessa typer av kunskapsförmedling.

Robotic grasping and manipulation remains an active area of research despite significant progress over the past decades. Many existing solutions still struggle to robustly handle difficult situations that a robot might encounter even in non-contrived settings.For example, grasping systems struggle when the object is not centrally located in the robot's workspace. Also, grasping in dynamic environments presents a unique set of challenges. A stable and feasible grasp can become infeasible as the object moves; this problem becomes pronounced when there are obstacles in the scene. This research is inspired by the observation that object-manipulation tasks like grasping, pick-and-place or insertion require different forms of awareness. These include reachability awareness -- being aware of regions that can be reached without self-collision or collision with surrounding objects; tactile awareness-- ability to feel and grasp objects just tight enough to prevent slippage or crushing the objects; and 3D awareness -- ability to perceive size and depth in ways that makes object manipulation possible. Humans use these capabilities to achieve a high level of coordination needed for object manipulation. In this work, we develop techniques that equip robots with similar sensitivities towards realizing a reliable and capable home-assistant robot. In this thesis we demonstrate the importance of reasoning about the robot's workspace to enable grasping systems handle more difficult settings such as picking up moving objects while avoiding surrounding obstacles. Our method encodes the notion of reachability and uses it to generate not just stable grasps but ones that are also achievable by the robot. This reachability-aware formulation effectively expands the useable workspace of the robot enabling the robot to pick up objects from difficult-to-reach locations. While recent vision-based grasping systems work reliably well achieving pickup success rate higher than 90\% in cluttered scenes, failure cases due to calibration error, slippage and occlusion were challenging. To address this, we develop a closed-loop tactile-based improvement that uses additional tactile sensing to deal with self-occlusion (a limitation of vision-based system) and adaptively tighten the robot's grip on the object-- making the grasping system tactile-aware and more reliable. This can be used as an add-on to existing grasping systems. This adaptive tactile-based approach demonstrates the effectiveness of closed-loop feedback in the final phase of the grasping process. To achieve closed-loop manipulation all through the manipulation process, we study the value of multi-view camera systems to improve learning-based manipulation systems. Using a multi-view Q-learning formulation, we develop a learned closed-loop manipulation algorithm for precise manipulation tasks that integrates inputs from multiple static RGB cameras to overcome self-occlusion and improve 3D understanding. To conclude, we discuss some opportunities/ directions for future work.