The master thesis deals the development of HIV / AIDS in the Czech Republic and optimization methods of prevention in primary schools. The thesis is divided in the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part analyzes data from the scientific literature and resources in the emergence of HIV infection, the modes of transmission of HIV, the development of AIDS, the investigative methods, the possibilities for treatment and prevention. The practical part of the research is based on an investigation which was carried out through interviews with professionals dealing with primary prevention of sexual transmitted infections. The aim of research was to find out whether there is sufficient quantity of primary prevention programs, how they are presented to pupils. The outcome of research suggests that education at the elementary school is not what it could be. In conclusion, recommendations are made to optimize education in practice. KEYWORDS Health promotion project, prevention, transmission of HIV, HIV infection, AIDS, WHO, sex Education

Drogkonsumtion är ett växande hälsoproblem bland ungdomar i Sverige och olika former av droger blir alltmer lättillgängligt. Skolans roll i det förebyggande arbetet mot droger är central där goda skolresultat och trygghet är exempel på skyddande faktorer för eleverna. Skolsköterskans uppdrag är att arbeta förebyggande och hälsofrämjande mot ohälsa och bruk av droger. Syfte: Att belysa skolsköterskors upplevelse av det förebyggande arbetet mot droger inom gymnasieskolan. Metod: Kvalitativ metod med induktiv ansats har tillämpats och data har inhämtats från intervjuer med fyra skolsköterskor. Analysen av datamaterialet gjordes med inspiration av Graneheim och Lundmans (2004) kvalitativa innehållsanalys. Resultat: Studien resulterade i tre kategorier som beskriver betydelsen av att bygga goda relationer med elever, att identifiera elever i riskzon och att arbeta med skyddande faktorer. Konklusion: Samarbetet med övrig personal inom skolan är en viktig faktor för att kunna agera, identifiera och stödja elever i riskzon. Skolsköterskorna beskriver även det relationsbyggande arbetet med eleverna som en viktig faktor i det förebyggande arbetet mot droger. Resultatet visar att skolsköterskornas arbete präglas av ett salutogent förhållningsätt. / Background: Drug consumption is a growing health problem among young people in Sweden and various forms of drugs are becoming increasingly accessible. The school's role in the preventive work against drugs is central, where good school results and security are examples of protective factors for students. The school nurse's task is to work on prevention and health promotion against illnes and drug use. Purpose: To shed light on school nurses' experience of the preventive work against drugs in upper secondary school. Method:Qualitative method with inductive approach has been applied and data have been obtained from interviews with four school nurses at upper secondary school level. The analysis of the data material was done with inspiration from Graneheim and Lundman's qualitative content analysis (2004). Results: The study resulted in three categories that describe the importance of building good relationships with students, identifying students at risk and working with protective factors. Conclusion: The collaboration with other staff within the school is an important factor in being able to act, identify and help students at risk. The school nurses also describe the relationship-building work with the students as an important factor in the preventive work against drugs. The results show that the school nurses' work is characterized by a salutogenic approach.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:47:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DanyellaARSC_DISSERT.pdf: 1002089 bytes, checksum: 8c39650c4f2757b157f3ced0428ababb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-21 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / Cancer of the cervix (cervical cancer) is the second most prevalent cancer among Brazilian women. The high rates of cervical cancer in Brazil justify the implementation of effective strategies to control this, which include actions to promote health, primary prevention, early detection, screening, treatment and palliative care. Despite the existence of the National Programme for Control of the CCU there was no reduction in the incidence and mortality of this disease in Brazil. The Family Health Strategy (FHS) has the potential to facilitate such control and, in this context, one should consider that nurses play a central role. The study aimed to know the general intervention strategies used by nurses FHS of Natal / RN in CCU control, and how specific: analyzing the knowledge of these nurses on the CCU, the actions developed in the ESF for the control of CCU and identify the difficulties faced by them to perform it. This is a descriptive exploratory quantitative developed through a structured interview guide with 106 nurses who have experience in controlling the CCU in FHS teams of Natal / RN. Data analysis was performed using descriptive statistic s. The results pointed to actions taken in the FHS to control the CCU, collection of cervical cancer screening, health education activities, nursing consultation, referral of suspected cases for medical monitoring and active women with abnormal test result . The actions that were not mentioned by the nurses included: forming groups of prevention and health promotion; expand coverage of exams and office hours of consultations, establishment of alternatives to end the pent-up demand in the health units, participation in treatment or rehabilitation process users with the CCU; interventions for pain management, alliances and partnerships with schools, in dustry and the use of protocols. This study can be seen that the practice nurses partially shares to the CCU in Natal / RN. The participants of this study, when asked about the CCU, specifically for signs and symptoms of disease and risk factors in general showed important gaps. Difficulties such as lack of materials for collection of Pap smear; inadequate physical space in the Health Units; pent-up demand in the service, delay in arrival of the test results; obstacles in the actions of referral and counter-referral and cultural factors make the CCU control is compromised. It is believed in this research contributed to a reflection on the importance of the role of nurses in the development of the ESF control actions CCU, pointing out the factors that affect these. It is important to involve all nurses who comprise the ESF as knowledgeable of the risk factors, signs and symptoms, and existing tools for the early detection of cervical cancer in the pursuit of quality improvement actions to promote women`s health, contributing in planning future interventions that may reduce mortality from this disease in Natal / RN. / O c?ncer do colo do ?tero (CCU) ? a segunda neoplasia mais prevalente entre as mulheres brasileiras. Os elevados ?ndices de CCU no Brasil justificam a implementa??o de estrat?gias efetivas para o controle deste, que incluem a??es de promo??o ? sa?de; preven??o prim?ria; detec??o precoce; rastreamento; tratamento e cuidados paliativos. Apesar da exist?ncia do Programa Nacional de Controle do CCU n?o houve redu??o na incid?ncia e mortalidade dessa doen?a no Brasil. A Estrat?gia Sa?de da Fam?lia (ESF) apresenta potencialidades para promover esse controle e, neste contexto, deve-se considerar que os enfermeiros t?m papel central. O estudo teve por objetivo geral conhecer as estrat?gias de interven??o utilizadas por enfermeiros da ESF do munic?pio de Natal/RN no controle do CCU, e como espec?ficos: analisar o conhecimento desses enfermeiros sobre o CCU, descrever as a??es desenvolvidas na ESF para o controle do CCU e identificar as dificuldades enfrentadas pelos mesmos para realiz?-la. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo explorat?rio, quantitativo desenvolvido por meio de um roteiro de entrevista estruturada com 106 enfermeiros que t?m experi?ncia no controle do CCU nas equipes de ESF de Natal/RN. A an?lise dos dados foi realizada por meio da estat?stica descritiva. Os resultados apontaram como a??es desenvolvidas na ESF para o controle do CCU, coleta do exame citopatol?gico, atividades de educa??o em sa?de, consulta de enfermagem, encaminhamento de casos suspeitos para o acompanhamento m?dico e busca ativa de mulheres com o resultado do exame alterado. As a??es que n?o foram citadas pelos enfermeiros constam de: forma??o de grupos de preven??o e promo??o ? sa?de; amplia??o da cobertura dos exames e do hor?rio de atendimento das consultas; estabelecimento de alternativas para acabar com a demanda reprimida nas Unidades de Sa?de; participa??o no tratamento ou processo de reabilita??o de usu?rias com o CCU; interven??es para o manejo da dor; alian?as e parcerias com escolas, ind?strias e utiliza??o de protocolos de atendimento. Com este estudo pode-se perceber que os enfermeiros praticam parcialmente a??es para o CCU no munic?pio de Natal/RN. Os participantes deste estudo, quando questionados sobre o CCU, especificamente quanto aos sinais e sintomas da doen?a e os fatores de risco, de forma geral apresentaram lacunas importantes. Dificuldades, como falta de material para coleta do exame preventivo; espa?o f?sico inadequado nas Unidades de Sa?de; demanda reprimida no servi?o; atraso na chegada do resultado dos exames; entraves nas a??es de refer?ncia e contra-refer?ncia e fatores culturais fazem com que o controle do CCU seja comprometido. Acredita-se com esta investiga??o contribuiu para uma reflex?o sobre a import?ncia do papel dos enfermeiros da ESF no desenvolvimento das a??es de controle do CCU, apontando os fatores que interferem nestas. ? importante o envolvimento de todos os enfermeiros que comp?em a ESF como conhecedores dos fatores de risco, sinais e sintomas e dos instrumentos existentes para a detec??o precoce do CCU na busca da melhoria da qualidade das a??es de promo??o ? sa?de da mulher, contribuindo no planejamento de interven??es futuras que possam reduzir a mortalidade causada por esta doen?a no munic?pio de Natal/RN

Submitted by Renata Lopes (renatasil82@gmail.com) on 2016-09-16T13:50:39Z No. of bitstreams: 1 heloisahelenadasilvaguedes.pdf: 828564 bytes, checksum: c49b428aeb22ad8b853bdec20dec88cd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Diamantino Mayra (mayra.diamantino@ufjf.edu.br) on 2016-09-26T20:21:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 heloisahelenadasilvaguedes.pdf: 828564 bytes, checksum: c49b428aeb22ad8b853bdec20dec88cd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T20:21:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 heloisahelenadasilvaguedes.pdf: 828564 bytes, checksum: c49b428aeb22ad8b853bdec20dec88cd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-27 / O presente trabalho discute as práticas de saúde desenvolvidas para o enfrentamento da epidemia com vistas à prevenção, promoção da saúde e adesão ao tratamento, tendo por cenário a experiência de Juiz de Fora/MG, considerado segundo município de Minas Gerais com o maior número de casos. Discute-se as práticas desenvolvidas, em especial as de cunho educativo, uma vez que, a aids no Brasil e no mundo configura-se numa epidemia que necessita de práticas de saúde de longo alcance, que visem não apenas o aspecto biológico da doença – a infecção pelo vírus HIV – mas também incorpore a influência de aspectos sociais, culturais e econômicos presentes na vida dos indivíduos que carregam o vírus ou estão sujeitos a ele. O estudo aponta que, para controle da aids, o governo brasileiro disponibiliza ações e serviços de saúde visando abarcar a sociedade como um todo. Assim, o estudo em questão torna-se relevante, na medida em que descortina como se materializam as práticas de saúde para enfrentamento da epidemia e no que elas contribuem para contenção do avanço da doença. / This article discusses the health practices designed to combat the epidemic with a view to prevention, health promotion and treatment adherence, with the background of experience in Juiz de Fora / MG, considered second city of Minas Gerais with the largest number of cases. It discusses the practices developed, especially with an educational, as, AIDS in Brazil and the world presents itself in an epidemic that requires health practices long-range, aiming not only the biological aspect of the disease - the HIV virus - but also incorporates the influence of social, cultural and economic life of the present in individuals who carry the virus or are subject to it. The study shows that to control AIDS, the Brazilian government provides health services and actions aimed at encompassing society as a whole. Thus, the study in question becomes relevant in that it reveals how they materialize health practices to combat the epidemic and what they contribute to containment of disease progression.

INTERNET-BASED BEHAVIOR OF IT PROFESSIONALS: IMPLICATIONS FOR ONLINE ERGONOMIC EDUCATION TO PREVENT WORK-RELATED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS By Priyadarshini Pattath, Ph.D. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University Virginia Commonwealth University, 2017 Director: Dr. Robin Hurst, Assistant Professor of Adult Learning, Teaching and Learning, School of Education The purpose of this study was to explore the preferences of medium of ergonomic education and views about self-directed online training modules to prevent musculoskeletal disorders in computer professionals and understand their perspectives and experiences about online health information seeking using a self-directed learning framework. To accomplish this, a qualitative research design was used to analyze data from interviews and observation. An exploratory case study research design was employed to examine the experiences of fifteen information technology professionals. The findings revealed that the preference for the mode of delivery of ergonomic education depends on the individual attitude and on the perceived attributes of the particular mode of delivery. The findings highlighted the role of the Internet in making significant lifestyle and contextual modifications. Finally, the findings highlighted the barriers that were faced when seeking health information on the Internet. The findings of this study were limited by the nature of the research and sample size. Additional research is needed to support the findings. Implications for research and practice are discussed.