Thesis--Copenhagen. / Summary in Danish. Bibliography: p. [129]-131.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / Summary in Danish. Bibliography: p. [129]-131.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / Summary in Danish. Bibliography: p. [129]-131.

Orientador: Maurício Dutra Zanotto / Banca: Norberto da Silva / Banca: José Geraldo Carvalho do Amaral / Abstract: The castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) is high social economic value oil plant and a resource source to Brazil. To attend the increasing necessity of the raw material and the difficulty of production in industrial scale, it is essential the genetic material development in adequate size to facilitate the harvest, with precocious and uniform maturation, purposing the utilization of high technology and becoming possible the oil plant production in higher scale. The objective of this work was to evaluate the recurrent selection efficiency for height’s reduction of the castor bean plants Guarani cultivar, adequating its size to facilitate the harvest. Were developed four cycles of recurrent selection through the utilization of self-pollinated progenies in the Guarani cultivar for height’s reduction of plants, in edaphclimatic condictions of the São Manuel-SP and Botucatu-SP cities. The evaluations of plant’s height and grain’s productivity (kg.ha-1) of the four selection cycles and of the original cycle (cycle 0) were realized at São Manuel-SP and Botucatu-SP cities, under a casualised blocks design with five repetitions and useful parcels of 30 m2. The variance’s analysis for the characteristics plant’s height and grain’s productivity was made apart to each place and together for the two places and, afterwards it was realized the comparison of the averages by the Tukey test using 5% of probability. Were estimated for the two places, by the regression’s analysis... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Um método de posicionamento por GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) que vem se popularizando nos últimos anos é o Posicionamento por Ponto Preciso (PPP). Este método de posicionamento se utiliza de dados de apenas um receptor e requer, fundamentalmente, o uso de efemérides e correções dos relógios dos satélites precisos. O PPP nos últimos anos ganhou um impulso significativo em sua popularidade devido, principalmente, ao surgimento de serviços gratuitos de processamento on-line. Entre estes serviços on-line de processamento de PPP, destaca-se o fornecido pelo NRCan (Natural Resource Canada), denominado CSRS-PPP (Canadian Spatial Reference System – Precise Point Positioning). Nesta Tese utilizou-se o serviço canadense CSRS-PPP no processamento de um longo período de dados superior a onze anos coletados em noventa e cinco das estações da RBMC. A análise das velocidades obtidas a partir das respectivas séries temporais referentes às coordenadas diárias estimadas pelo CSRS-PPP bem como a determinação de suas coordenadas – através do PPP – referidas à época 2000.4, mostraram resultados com pequenas discrepâncias quando comparadas com os valores oficiais adotados para as estações analisadas. O problema detectado, refere-se à impossibilidade da adoção de velocidades lineares de translação no sistema cartesiano X, Y e Z, tendo em vista que na grande maioria das estações constatou-se um comportamento sazonal referente à altura elipsoidal, variação esta que afeta as translações em X, Y e Z ao longo do ano. Como solução, propõe-se a adoção das velocidades de deslocamento calculadas para coordenadas planas, particularmente as coordenadas UTM, sendo a altura elipsoidal corrigida através de modelos estabelecidos em função da variação sazonal registrada em cada uma das estações da RBMC. / A positioning method for GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) that has become more popular in recent years is the Precise Point Positioning (PPP). The PPP refers to the positioning method that utilizes data to only one receiver and requires fundamentally the use of ephemeris and corrections to the precise satellite clock. The PPP in recent years gained a significant boost in its popularity, mainly due to the emergence of free services online processing. Among these PPP processing on-line services, there is the one provided by NRCan (Natural Resource Canada) called CSRS-PPP (Canadian Spatial Reference System - Precise Point Positioning). In this Thesis used if the Canadian service CSRS-PPP to process data for a long period upper through eleven collected at ninety-five of RBMC stations. The analysis of the rates obtained from the respective time series relating to the daily coordinates estimated by the CSRS-PPP and the determination of its coordinates - through PPP - said at the time 2000.4, showed results with minor discrepancies compared with the official values adopted for the analyzed stations. The problem detected, refers to the impossibility of adopting linear translation speeds in the Cartesian system X, Y, and Z, considering that in most of the stations found a seasonal pattern related to the ellipsoidal height, this variation that affects translations in X, Y and Z throughout the year. As a solution, it is proposed the adoption of the forward speeds calculated for planar coordinates, particularly UTM coordinates, and the ellipsoid height corrected by established models depending on seasonal variations recorded in each of the stations RBMC.

During the past few years a development of breeding llamas and alpacas took place in Czech Republic. Increasing interest in those animals entails the need to determine how they respond to the conditions of our country. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate the growth ability of crias, some of the physical dimensions (withers height) and bodyweight of adult llamas. The same indicators are to be evaluated for alpacas as well. The results are to be compared with the standard for llamas and alpacas. A total of 104 animals were measured and weighted, namely 44 llamas and 60 alpacas, and 280 pairs of weight and height data were obtained. Weighing and measuring of adult llamas and alpacas took place once a year around the end of August for two years (2009 and 2010). Young llamas were weighed and measured at approximately monthly intervals according to the possibilities of their breeders. Young alpacas were weighed at approximately weekly intervals. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part evaluates llamas. It was discovered that the average birth weight of llamas in the Czech Republic is 11 kg. Once mature, they reach an average live weight of 130.3 kg and average height of 110.2 cm. Average daily gains were observed as follows: from birth to 7 weeks 0.20 kg per day, from 7 weeks to 24 weeks 0.18 kg per day and from 24 to 72 weeks 0.13 kg per day. The second part of this thesis is devoted to alpacas, for which the same parameters as for the llamas were monitored. It was found that the average birth weight of alpacas in the Czech Republic is 6.5 kg. Once mature, they reach an average live weight of 65.6 kg and average height at 88.4 cm. Average daily gains are at the following levels: from birth to 7 weeks 0.1 kg per day, from 7 weeks to 24 weeks 0.09 kg per day and from 24 weeks to 72 weeks 0.08 kg per day. It was found that these two species reach final physical maturity later in the Czech Republic than stated by literature. Compared to the standard, most of the llamas and alpacas are up to their standards.

Offshore production fluids from the reservoir are often transported in pipelines from the wellheads to the platform and from the platform to process facilities. At low flow velocity water, sand or liquids like condensate could settle at the bottom of pipelines that may lead to grave implications for flow assurance. During shutdown the settled heavy liquid (e.g. water), could result in corrosion in pipelines, while following restart stages the settled water could form water plugs that could damage equipment, while settled sand could also form a blockage that needs to be purged. Furthermore, there is a requirement to know the quantity of water and base sediment for fiscal metering and custody transfer purposes. A series of experiments were carried out to observe low water cut in oil and water flows in four inch diameter pipeline. Similarly low sand concentrations in water and sand, water, air and sand flows were observed in two inch diameter pipelines. Conductive film thickness sensors were used to ascertain structural velocities, height and dense phase fractions. Comparisons are made between two cases in order to gain better understanding of the behaviours and dispersal process of low loading denser phase in multiphase flows. The arrangement enabled production of flow regime maps for low water cut oil and water flow, as well as water sand and water, air and sand flows, structural velocities and denser phase removal velocities were also ascertained. Actual in-situ liquid velocities were obtained experimentally. A novel detection of sand in water and water and sand flows was produced. The experimentally obtained film thickness was in agreement with two fluid model predictions. Thus, confirming use of conductive sensors for dense phase classification, film thickness, velocity and holdup measurements in pipelines.

Projektet har genomförts i samarbete med Mora kommun som önskat att prova UAV som teknik för att bestämma markhöjder i ett bostads- och grönområde där mark kommer att schaktas vid en marksanering. Projektets syfte har varit att jämföra kvalitet på insamlade markhöjder från UAV med laserskanning och terrestra metoder samt att undersöka hur resultatet påverkas av olika flyghöjder. Med metoderna avvägning och inmätning med satellitteknik mättes sju flygstödspunkter och fyra mätpunkter in. Vid flygstödspunkterna placerades flygsignaler under flygningarna med UAV vilka skedde på 120 respektive 60 meters höjd över marken. Insamlade data bearbetades i Agisoft Photoscan 1.4.2 och med det framtagna punktmolnet kunde mätningar i modeller genomföras. Även insamling av höjddata från Lantmäteriets GSD Höjddata, grid 2+ data inhämtades. Därefter jämfördes koordinater för punkterna från bearbetningen med insamlade data. Resultatet visar på att standardavvikelsen i höjd vid 120 meters flyghöjd var 64 millimeter. Vid exkludering av mätpunkt 13, som var felaktigt inmätt, blev avvikelsen endast 29 millimeter. För 60 meters flyghöjd var standardavvikelsen 76 millimeter och med mätpunkt 13 exkluderad endast 24 millimeter. Dessa resultat förhåller sig till kraven för kvalitet enligt Lantmäteriets HMK-standardnivå 2, vilket är nivån för kartering av tätorter för bland annat detaljplaneläggning. / The objective of the study was to compare elevation data, from UAV photo, with NRTK, trigonometric leveling and airborne laser scanning. The concrete issues to investigate were: • What quality is achieved by data acquisition using UAV, compared to laser scanning and terrestrial measurement with NRTK? • How much does different flight altitudes affect the result? The aerial photos were taken at 60 and 120 meters above ground, using seven flight support points and four ground control points. Those were measured with NRTK and terrestrial measurement. Collected images have been processed, with Agisoft Photoscan 1.4.2, into models in which coordinates are retrieved for comparison. The coordinates were compared and showed a deviation of 24 to 76 millimeters which is an acceptable result for a HMK standard level 2.

Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of flywheel resistance training on functional neuromuscular performance in physically active youth.   Method Forty-four healthy and physically active youth between 12-14 years of age (n=19 boys & n=25 girls) volunteered to participate and were randomized into three different groups of flywheel resistance training (FRT) (n=15, body mass = 42,9 ± 8,6 kg, time to Peak Height Velocity (PHV) = - 0,8 ± 1,6), traditional strength training (TST) (n=15, body mass = 44,7 ± 10,3 kg, time to PHV = - 0,8 ± 1,5) and a control group (CON) (n=14, body mass = 43,8 ± 9,0 kg, time to PHV- 0,8 ± 1,5. Squat jump (SQ), Countermovement jump (CMJ), 10-m acceleration, 20-m speed and 30-sprint was assessed pre- and post-intervention. All training groups performed 12 resistance training sessions over a 6-week intervention. The FRT-group performed bilateral flywheel resistance squats with 4 sets of 6 repetitions with 0,025 to 0,05 kgm2 and the TST-group performed bilateral barbell squats with 4 sets of 6 repetitions at a predicted 80 %1RM, while the control group only performed their regular sports training.   Results Repeated measures two way-ANOVA, 3 x 2 (training group x time), showed no significant mean effects between groups after the intervention. A significant increase occurred in the control group for SQ; 2,4 ± 2,5 (cm) p ≤ 0,008 and CMJ; 2,2 ± 3,1 (cm) p ≤ 0,037. Both training groups increased significantly in body mass from pre- to post-tests by 2,0 ± 2,7 kg for the flywheel training group and 1,3 ± 0,9 kg in the traditional strength training group (p ≤ 0,05).   Conclusions This study indicates that flywheel training can be used as a resistance training method for youth athletes without inducing training related injuries. Flywheel resistance training resulted in a small but non-significant increase from pre to post test in squat jump and 10-m sprint. Future studies on flywheel resistance training for youth needs to investigate the implementation of longer training periods, additional training sessions, more experienced youth in resistance training and faster movement speed.

The objective of my diploma thesis was the focus of the locations near the village Božetice. The reconnaissance, adding PPBP, make out and surveying work run throught out around the watercourse Mlýnská stoka. Before focusing the area and the subsequent set up assistant points was conducted reconnaissance of the current point field, a stabilization of new assistant points for surveying mark out. For measuring and surveying method was used rayon, polygonal traverse and the method of GNSS. Elevation of points were determined tachymetry or GNSS. The mark out was used Topcon total station R 340 5616 and South GPS S-82 receiver. Location was focused in the coordinate system S-JTSK and vertical system Bpv.