The concern of this thesis is to discuss different applications of two-player game theory in economics. It is divided into two main chapters - the theoretical part and the practical part. The theoretical part is composed of the classical game theory and the game theory with vector payoffs. In the first instance basic ideas of the classical game theory is introduced. Elaboration of the duopoly model follows. Subsequently basic ideas of the theory with vector payoffs and one of the solution concepts of game theory with vector payo s are included. The practical part follows. This part contains two examples which are the real application of the concept described in the theoretical part.

The diploma thesis describes design and creation of agent-based model of cooperative games and its subsequent analysis. The created model combines assumptions of game the-ory with other findings; it examines the dynamics of coalition formation and the influence of external and internal factors on this formation. The first theoretical part introduces the game theory and clarifies basic principles and con-cepts of N - player cooperative games. It evaluates the benefits and disadvantages of solu-tions introduced by this theory. The thesis further deals with multi-agent systems focused on agent-based models as an analytical and computational method for analyzing complex systems. There are also explained basic principles of agent-based modeling, including ap-proaches of their creation. Furthermore, there are presented distinctions between different types of agents, environments and models. The second practical part specifies assumptions and principles that are essential for the created multi-agent model. The diploma thesis describes the development of agent-based model of cooperative games by itself, including its characteristics and behavior. Final analysis of the created model clarifies impact of individual variables on the coalition for-mation process and confirms its ability to investigate given area.

In the context of the future hydrogen economy, effective production of hydrogen (H2) from readily available and sustainable resources is of crucial importance. Hydrogen generation via water splitting by solar energy or electricity has attracted great attention in recent years. In comparison with photocatalytic water-splitting directly using solar light, which is ideal but the relevant technologies are not yet mature, electrolysis of water with catalyst is more practical at the current stage. The Pt-group noble metals are the most effective electrocatalysts for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) from water, but their high costs limit their applications. Due to the earth-abundance and low price, MoS2 is expected to be a good alternative of the Pt-group metals for HER. Plenty of researches have been conducted for improving the HER activities of MoS2 by optimizing its synthesis method. However, it remains challenging to prepare MoS2 catalysts with high and controllable activity, and more investigations are still needed to better understand the structure-performance correlation in this system. In this thesis, we report a new strategy for fabricating MoS2 eletrocatalysts which gives rise to much improved HER performance and allows us to tune the electrocatalytic activity by varying the preparation conditions. Specifically, we sulfurized molybdenum oxide on the surface of a Ti foil electrode via a facile chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method, and directly used the electrode for HER testing. Depending on the CVD temperature, the MoO2-MoS2 nanocomposites show different HER activities. Under the optimal synthesis condition (400ºC), the resulting catalyst exhibited excellent HER activity: an onset potential (overpotential) of 0.095 V versus RHE and the Tafel slope of 40 mv/dec. Such a performance exceeds those of most reported MoS2 based HER electrocatalysts. We demonstrated that the CVD temperature has significant influence on the catalysts in crystallinity degree, particle size and dispersion, morphology, and density of the edge sites etc., and these factors in turn determine the HER activity.

Recently, laser scribed graphene (LSG) technology has shown great potential for the development of a plethora of sensing platforms due to its high sensitivity, 3D porous structure, and flexibility. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) have shown high potential as recognition elements for many applications such as biosensing. Hence, we report in this thesis a novel biosensing platform that utilizes nanostructured gold to enhance the performance of LSG sensors coupled with a biomimetic MIP biosensor. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a nanostructured gold modified MIP based LSG biosensor to detect HER-2, which is an important breast cancer biomarker. HER-2 positive breast cancer is more aggressive and does not respond to the same treatment as standard breast cancer. As such, a simple and accurate sensing approach is highly needed for early detection of this type of cancer biomarkers. The LSG sensor platform was fabricated by irradiation of polyimide substrates using a CO2 laser under optimized conditions. Nanostructured gold was electrodeposited onto LSG to enhance its sensitivity and active surface area. Deposition parameters such as deposition voltage, deposition time, and gold chloride (HAuCl4) concentration were optimized to yield complete nanostructured gold coverage and enhanced electrical conductivity of LSG-Au electrodes. A deposition voltage of -0.9 V at 50 mM HAuCl4 for 4 minutes proved to be the optimal condition for gold deposition to yield a 150% peak current enhancement. To fabricate our MIP biosensor, 3,4- ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) was chosen from several functional monomers to form PEDOT due to its high conductivity and synergy with nanostructured gold. Electropolymerization of EDOT is performed after adsorbing 0.4mg/mL of HER-2 on the LSG-Au electrode for 20 min. The efficiency of LSG-Au-MIP was optimized by choosing an appropriate extraction agent and HER-2 concentration to be adsorbed on gold. The developed sensing strategy could differentiate between three rebinding concentrations of 10 ng/mL, 100ng/mL, and 200 ng/mL, which is sufficient to determine the HER-2 status of breast cancer since the clinical cut-off is 30.5ng/mL. The developed sensing strategy showed a high degree of novelty and could be useful for the non-invasive detection of cancer biomarkers.

Main goals of this work are to present game development process and game engine Unity3D and develop game server with application programming interface including framework for using the server. The first part of this work is tageted on history of game genres and game development process. The second part of the thesis is dedicated to describing Unity3D game engine with focus on Unity3D networking. Development tools used in implementation and server desing included framework for use of the server are described in the third part of the thesis. In the last chapter of this work are described most important classes used in developed application.

The goal of this thesis is to describe the issue of computer game creation and to develop a race game for people connected to the Virtual World using Unity 3D game engine. The first part of this thesis is dedicated to the history of video games, platforms and to describing of development processes and development tools. The next part is about Unity 3D game engine, which was used for creating the game. The resulting application is described in the last part.

The main focus of this work is the relation between sociology and mathematics, especially the relation between sociological theories of conflict and cooperation and the game theory. In the work four general theories of conflict (and coopera- tion) are introduced - theory by John Rex, Kenneth Boulding, Louis Kriesberg and František Znebejánek. Each is accompanied by a critical review. Next, the formal game theory is introduced. The main effort is to shed new light on game theoretic concepts known in sociology and introduce some of the less known ones. The text is focused on the main ideas and explanation without mathematical for- malism. Historical relation between sociology and game theory is discussed. Also some topics that are not well handled in game theory from sociological point of view are further elaborated - assumption of rationality, definition of utility and preference, assumption of general knowledge etc. There are also topics from mathematics and informatics slowly penetrating sociology - computer simulation, prediction, that we also discuss. The possible modifications and merit of game theory for sociology is also included. Inspired by the previous theories, at the end of this work a new theoretic model of conflict and cooperation is introduced, which tries to overcome some imperfections of the...

Alea Iacta Est - Starting Points of The Current Regulation of Gambling with Emphasis on Financial and Legal Aspects of Its Regulation Abstract The thesis deals with the general starting points of the current legal regulation of gambling in the Czech Republic, both from the national and international perspective. In addition to a detailed examination of the fundamentals of the legislation, attention is also paid to selected financial and legal aspects of gambling regulation, especially the area of gambling tax, the tax on winnings, and the matter of use of cryptocurrencies and blockchain technology in the gambling field. The thesis consists of three complementary interconnected parts. In the first, interdisciplinary part, the phenomenon of gambling is examined first from the perspective of non-legal disciplines. There are findings from sociology, economics, philosophy, ethics, psychology and there is also a brief look into the history and future of gambling. Interdisciplinary overlap and taking into consideration scientific knowledge from related disciplines is a prerequisite for such a creation of legislation that could achieve the objectives pursued. Harm reduction gambling policy is examined in the second part of this thesis. This part analyses in detail issues related to problem gambling and the tools...

Syftet med föreliggande studie är att genom en systematisk litteraturstudie undersöka och samman-ställa hur begreppet språklig medvetenhet synliggörs i aktuell svensk forskning med anknytning till grundskolans tidiga år, samt belysa hur detta avspeglas i Skolverkets bedömningsmaterial Hitta språ-ket. Med stöd av detta undersöker vi även hur man kan utveckla språklig medvetenhet hos elever. Resultatet av analysen påvisade att definitionen av språklig medvetenhet i forskningen var av lik-artad karaktär mellan vissa forskare och skiljde sig mellan andra. Vid analysen kunde vi urskilja fyra kategorier av språklig medvetenhet: (i) perspektivskiftning från innehåll till form; (ii) som en enskild kategori; (iii) densamma som fonologisk medvetenhet; och (iv) densamma som litteracitet. I Skol-verkets kartläggningsmaterial Hitta språket betonas utveckling av språklig medvetenhet utifrån arbete med fonologisk medvetenhet. Däremot skiljer sig Skolverkets definition av språklig medve-tenhet gentemot kartläggningsmaterialet. Enligt Skolverkets definition av Andréasson och Sandell Ring (u.å) handlar det framförallt om en perspektivskiftning från språkets innehåll till formen och inte om arbete med fonologisk medvetenhet (Andréasson & Sandell ring, u.å, s. 4). Att det råder skilda definitioner gällande vad språklig medvetenhet är kan vara problematiskt för den enskilde läraren i bedömning- och undervisningssituationer. Detta med anledning av att både bedömningen och undervisningen kan resultera i skiftande karaktär beroende på vilken definition läraren innehar av begreppet. Dessutom när två dokument framtagna av Skolverket definierar be-greppet på skilda sätt skapas en tvetydig föreställning om vad begreppet faktiskt innebär och vad man som lärare ska bedöma hos sina elever.

Title: An overview of selected social procedures Author: Eva Schlosáriková Department: Department of Political Science Supervisor: RNDr. Ondrej Majer, CSc. This thesis first defines social procedures. These are studied and analyzed by social soft- ware, an emerging interdisciplinary field. This thesis will focus on a prominent social procedure, the coalition bargaining and coalition formation. Basic definition and overview of the coalition theory are introduced. Last chapter will concentrate on Bram's model of the coalition formation and his definition of the stable coalition. Other models of the coalition bargaining are briefly introduced and compared to the Bram's model. Keywords: coalition bargaining, coalition formation, stability of coalition 1