Hospital Information Systems (HIS) are considering a significant aspect for supporting health care professionals in their work. However, a large number of them are often poor to provide the needed information for accomplishing various work activities in the oriented environment. The aim of this research is to address users’-Administrators and Clinicians- perceptions in order to gain a deeper knowledge about problems they encounter with daily work performed through IS. Additionally, the scope is extended into formulating suggestions through the employment of Soft System Methodology (SSM) that could bring improvements. A qualitative interpretive method with an inductive analysis was followed. Data collection completed through focus group interview sessions and the adoption of SSM three activities in order to acquire the complexity of the problem situation.   Research findings revealed that despite IS Lisora serves as a tool for supporting users work operations, it causes significant problems in their daily operations since the information flow are not feasible. Thus, the research study suggests five feasible and desirable improvements that could improve the overall processes followed by the hospital’s users and bring improvements. In all, SSM was proved to be very efficient in identifying problems that exist. In this way proposed solutions to the problems were enlightened. The general hospital of Preveza shall benefit from the higher efficiency offered by the system, which in turn shall improve the quality of health-care services offered.

This master thesis deals with the issue of inquiry based learning in sciences at primary school level. The theoretical part of the thesis is focused on the development, realization and pros and cons of inquiry based learning. Additionally there is an overview of inquiry based activities in the commonly used textbooks for first level of primary schools and the list of extended literature intended to inspire the teachers to practise inquiry based learning. The practical part of the thesis is based on information gained from interviews with primary school teachers. The aim was to find out how inquiry based learning is perceived by teachers. Their opinions, advanatages and disadvantages of inquiry based learning and its practical use in education is discussed. Consequently, overlaps and influence of such education methods on the integration of pupils to a society is presented here. The thesis provides a complete overview on the issue of application of inquiry based learning to traditional education methods. This research informs readers about possible problems related to the implementation of inquiry based learning to practice. Based on the described situations, the realization can be easier due to the identification of possible difficulties and their solution. Keywords inquiry based education, primary...

O cobre (Cu) é um íon essencial para as plantas, animais e para a saúde humana. Em elevadas concentrações, este elemento pode ser extremamente tóxico para os organismos. A determinação das variáveis físico químicas da água, índice do estado trófico, alterações histológicas, o índice hepatosomático, bioacumulação do Cu nos tecidos branquial e hepático e marcadores de estresse oxidativo como superóxido dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutationa peroxidase (GPx) nos fígados foram realizados. Os resultados mostraram que as maiores concentrações estavam na fração Cu dissolvido, no período chuvoso. A exposição a maiores concentrações de Cu provocou alterações como, descolamento do epitélio basal das lamelas, aneurismas, fusão lamelar entre outros nas brânquias, vacuolização e necroses no fígado. Os fígados mostraram-se grandes acumuladores do metal, por outro lado, o índice hepatosomático apresentou uma diminuição em relação ao aumento do Cu. As atividades enzimáticas não apresentaram diferenças significativas, com exceção da CAT. De forma geral, as atividades das enzimas antioxidantes CAT, SOD e GPX, apresentaram alterações após 120 horas de exposição ao Cu, proveniente dos 4 pontos de coleta da Represa Guarapiranga. / Copper is an essential ion for plants, animals and for human health. Although the crucial role of Cu in several enzymatic processes, this heavy metal can exert adverse toxicological effects, when present in high concentrations in water. The determination of waters physic chemistry parameters, trophic index, histological alterations, hepatosomatic index, Cu bioaccumulation in livers and gills and oxidative stress enzymes like, CAT, SOD and GPX were done. Our results show that the higher values of Cu concentration were in the dissolved Cu and in the rainy season. The exposition o the fishes to a higher Cu concentrations altered the gills; aneurism, lamellar fusion, basal epithelium lifting. In the liver the alterations were, vacuolization and necrosis among others. The livers were the greatest bioaccumulation organs, and the other hand the hepatosomatic index decreased with higher Cu concentrations. There was no significant difference in the enzyme activities with the exception of CAT that increased with Cu increase, nevertheless in general, the enzyme activities of SOD, CAT and GPx were altered some how after 120 hours of Cu treatment, with water sample from 4 points located at Guarapiranga Reservoir.

The bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is the leading cause of bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide. When left untreated, chlamydial infections can lead to severe complications, such as infertility. Lack in current prevention and management due to its asymptomatic course of infection highlight the need for an effective vaccine against chlamydia. There is no vaccine at present to protect against chlamydia, but research is ongoing. A research group at Örebro University has developed a protein antigen candidate. This project focused on the production of the candidate, here called Protein X, for preclinical trials. This included optimising production in Escherichia coli to maximise formation of soluble protein, optimising purification, buffer exchange and removal of His-tag. It was found that formation of soluble protein was favoured in lower expression temperatures. Furthermore, purification was performed on soluble and insoluble protein fractions using immobilised metal affinity chromatography. However, issues with inefficient binding to the resin and purity could not be solved and further optimisation is needed. Buffers were tested to find a suitable buffer for preclinical experiments, but the protein precipitated in all buffers. It was however found that protein from the insoluble fraction dissolved in pure water. Lastly, removal of the His-tag was performed with a non-enzymatic method that utilises nickel ions instead of expensive proteases. Efficient removal was however not achieved and enzymatic methods may be considered instead. In conclusion, this project highlighted issues in the production of Protein X and may guide the research group towards improving this process for efficient preclinical preparations.

Das Pankreaskarzinom bleibt trotz verbesserter Diagnose- und Therapiemöglichkeiten weiterhin eine Krankheit mit einer sehr schlechten Prognose und Lebenserwartung nach Diagnosestellung. Eine innovative Therapiemöglichkeit stellt eine Gruppe von Histondeacetylase-Inhibitoren dar, die einen direkten Einfluss auf die Regulation der Genexpression in Tumorzellen haben. Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit bestand darin, die Wirkung des HDAC-Inhibitors 4-Phenylbutyrat auf Pankreaskarzinomzellen in-vitro und vor allem in-vivo zu untersuchen. Neben dem Einfluss auf die Zellproliferation in-vitro und in-vivo wurde in-vivo im subkutanen und orthotopen Tumormodell der Einfluss auf Tumorwachstum, Zellproliferation, Nekroseausbreitung, Regulation des Connexin 43 und Histonacetylierung im Tumorgewebe untersucht. Die Untersuchungen zeigen, dass 4-PB durch seinen hemmenden Effekt auf das Wachstum von Xenografttumoren und auf die Proliferation von Pankreastumorzellen sowie durch seine fördernde Wirkung auf die Expression von Connexin 43, Acetylierung von H4 und Bildung eine Pseudokapsel, ein potentiell wirksames Medikament bei der experimentellen Behandlung des Pankreaskarzinoms ist.

The presented diploma thesis deals with the use of formative assessment in the educational area Man and His World. Its outcome offers a possible way of solving the shortcomings of the area in question which negatively affects pupils' attitudes towards the school subjects of this educational area. The theoretical part presents findings about the assessment in general, namely its definition, presentation of functions, types and forms of assessment. It also emphasizes the relationship between the objectives and assessment which will be a pivotal one in the educational area in question. It also discusses the specifics of this educational area in relation to the impact on pupils' attitudes. Findings about formative assessment are focused on the definition, analysis of advantages and methods of implementation into teaching. The empirical part is based on the findings from the theoretical part and is carried out by a mixed research design. Questionnaire, interview and observation was used as methods to conduct the research. The aim was to find out whether the pupils who are assessed formatively have a more positive attitude than the pupils, who are assessed only summatively. The established hypothesis assumes that the pupils who are assessed formatively would have a better attitude towards the subject,...

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, die brunststimulierende Wirkung des synthetisch hergestellten Gonadorelin[5-His, 6-Asp, 7-Trp, 8-Lys] (International Nonproprietary Name: Peforelin), das in dem Präparat Maprelin® XP10 enthalten ist, bei abgesetzten pluriparen Sauen zu prüfen. Im ersten Versuchsabschnitt wurde die zweckmäßige Dosierung ermittelt. Im zweiten Versuchsabschnitt wurde die Wirkung von Maprelin® XP10 mit der einer eCG- und einer Placebobehandlung verglichen. Die Bedingungen waren für die Versuchstiere in beiden Versuchsabschnitten homogen (etwa vierter Wurf, Säugezeit vier Wochen, Brunstkontrolle zweimal täglich in Anwesenheit eines geschlechtsaktiven Ebers, zweimal täglich sonographische Ovaruntersuchung, duldungsorientierte Besamung einmal täglich). In der Dosisfindungsstudie, in die 88 Tiere einbezogen wurden, erwies sich die Dosierung von 150 µg Peforelin, 24 Stunden nach dem Absetzen appliziert, als zweckmäßig zur Brunststimulation. Andere getestete Varianten (100 µg 24 Stunden, 150 µg 0 Stunden, 150 µg 48 Stunden, 187,5 µg 24 Stunden, 255 µg 24 Stunden nach dem Absetzen) waren hierzu weniger geeignet. In der Untersuchung zur klinischen Wirksamkeit wurden die 313 einbezogenen Tiere in drei Gruppen aufgeteilt und erhielten 24 Stunden nach dem Absetzen pro Tier 150 µg Peforelin (Gruppe I), 800 IE eCG (Gruppe II) oder 2 ml physiologische NaCl-Lösung als Placebo (Gruppe III). Zur Befunderhebung an den Ovarien wurden die Tiere zweimal täglich sonographisch untersucht. Die Östrusrate nach der Peforelin-Behandlung war derjenigen nach eCG-Injektion gleichwertig (95,1 bzw. 96,3 %), beide waren der Placebobehandlung signifikant überlegen (80,6 %). In die weiteren Auswertungen wurden nur Tiere mit Brunstbeginn bis zum siebten Tag nach dem Absetzen einbezogen. Das Absetz-Östrus-Intervall betrug 100,5, 94,2 bzw. 104,1 Stunden in den Gruppen I, II bzw. III. In der Brunstdauer und dem Intervall vom Östrusbeginn bis zur Ovulation unterschieden sich die drei Gruppen nicht. Die durchschnittliche Follikelgröße war in allen drei Gruppen zum Zeitpunkt des Absetzens 4 mm und zum Zeitpunkt der ersten Duldung 6 mm. Die Ovulationen fanden sowohl nach eCG als auch nach Maprelin® XP10 zwischen dem Mittag des sechsten (13.00 h) und der Nacht des siebten Tages (1.00 h) nach dem Absetzen statt. Bei der sonographischen Trächtigkeitsuntersuchung in der vierten Woche post inseminationem waren 100,0, 99,0 bzw. 97,6 % in den Gruppen I, II bzw. III positiv. Die Trächtigkeitsrate betrug 96,9, 97,1 bzw. 91,6 % in den Gruppen I, II bzw. III. Die Abferkelrate ergab 92,2, 93,4 und 73,8 % in den Gruppen I, II und III. Das Abferkelergebnis war in allen drei Gruppen gleich (11,7, 12,0 bzw. 11,6 insgesamt geborene Ferkel in den Gruppen I, II bzw. III). Es wurde eine negative Korrelation zwischen der Dauer des Absetz-Östrus-Intervalls und der Brunstdauer bzw. dem Intervall vom Östrusbeginn bis zur Ovulation nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus korrelierten die Brunstdauer und das Intervall Östrusbeginn bis Ovulation positiv miteinander. In allen drei Gruppen stand die Follikelgröße bei der ersten Duldung in positiver Korrelation mit der Länge des Absetz-Östrus-Intervalls. Nach längerer Säugezeit kamen die Sauen tendenziell und in der Gruppe I signifikant früher in die Brunst als nach kürzerer Laktation. Weitere überprüfte potentielle Einflussfaktoren hatten weder auf den Brunsteintritt noch auf die erzielten Wurfgrößen oder andere Parameter Auswirkungen. Mit der vorliegenden Untersuchung wurde erstmals die Wirksamkeit des synthetisch hergestellten Peforelin zur Brunststimulation bei abgesetzten pluriparen Sauen nachgewiesen. Inwieweit das Präparat für diese Indikation auch bei primiparen Sauen oder Jungsauen wirksam eingesetzt werden kann, bleibt weiteren klinischen Prüfungen vorbehalten.

[pt] Este trabalho pretende investigar um caso sui generis na música popular brasileira: um personagem que se faz presente, como protagonista, em cerca de vinte sambas de autores variados, compostos de forma espontânea, sem razão aparente, por grandes compositores populares atuantes nas décadas de 1930, 40 e 50, em especial Noel Rosa (1910-1937), Wilson Baptista (1913-1968) e Herivelto Martins (1912-1992). Laurindo é espécie de síntese de muitos homens reais de seu tempo – negros, músicos, líderes carismáticos, transgressores, malandros, comunistas –, indivíduos muitas vezes silenciados, apagados, rasurados, da História. Sua trajetória fictícia, que atravessa momentos importantes da história social do Rio de Janeiro, será percorrida e estudada, aqui, à luz de contrapontos como malandragem e Estado Novo, tradição e modernidade, memória e esquecimento, realidade e ficção. / [en] This dissertation intends to investigate a sui generis case in Brazilian popular music: a fictitious personage who is present, as a protagonist, in about twenty sambas, spontaneously composed by different authors, for no apparent reason. These were major popular composers active in the 1930s, 40s and 50s – such as Noel Rosa (1910-1937), Wilson Baptista (1913-1968) and Herivelto Martins (1912-1992). This personage, Laurindo, is roughly a synthesis of many real men of his time – black men, musicians, charismatic leaders, transgressors, malandros, communists –, individuals who were often silenced or erased from official History. His fictitious trajectory crosses important moments in the social history of Rio de Janeiro and will be addressed here in the light of topics such as malandragem and Estado Novo, tradition and modernity, memory and oblivion, reality and fiction.

Объектом исследования явились психологические особенности созависимых людей. Предметом исследования стали особенности восприятия отца лицами с различной степенью созависимости. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (90 источников) и двух приложений, включающих в себя бланк авторской анкеты и результаты математико-статистического анализа. Объем магистерской диссертации 107 страниц, на которых размещены 14 рисунков и 3 таблицы. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются основная и дополнительные гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме образа отца и отцовской роли в воспитании ребенка. Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию влияния на ребенка образа отца и участия отца в воспитании. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: шкала созависимости Б. Уайнхолд, Дж. Уайнхолд (адаптация А. С. Кочарян, Е. В. Фроловой, Н. А. Смахтиной), методика исследования уровня субъективного контроля (УСК), методика «Диагностика межличностных отношений» Т. Лири, методика «Личностный дифференциал» и авторская анкета. Также в главе представлен анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики. / The object of the study was the psychological characteristics of codependent people. The subject of the study was the peculiarities of the perception of the father by persons with varying degrees of codependency. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (90 sources) and two appendices, including the author's questionnaire form and the results of mathematical and statistical analysis. The volume of the master's thesis is 107 pages, which contain 14 figures and 3 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the elaboration of the problem, sets the purpose and objectives of the study, defines the object and subject of the study, formulates the main and additional hypotheses, specifies the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the subject of the image of the father and the father's role in the upbringing of a child. The sections devoted to the study of the influence of the father's image on the child and the father's participation in upbringing are presented. The conclusions of the first chapter are the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It presents a description of the organization and methods of the research and the results obtained by all the methods used: the scale of codependency B. Weinhold, J. Weinhold (adaptation by A. S. Kocharyan, E. V. Frolova, N. A. Smakhtina), the methodology of the study of the level of subjective control (USC), the methodology of "Diagnostics of interpersonal relations" T. Leary, the methodology of "Personal differential" and the author's questionnaire. The chapter also presents an analysis of the results of the study. The conclusions of Chapter 2 include the main results of an empirical study. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work are summarized, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, the practical significance of the study is substantiated and possible prospects for further development of this problem are described.

[pt] Esta pesquisa analisa a possível alusão a Gn 3,7 (LXX) na expressão abriram-se os seus olhos, utilizada por Lucas em Lc 24,31, no episódio dos discípulos de Emaús. A partir dessa referência, o texto lucano desponta como um epílogo ao relato da queda original: no Éden os olhos de Adão e Eva se abriram de modo impróprio, e por sua desobediência constataram sua nudez; em Emaús, ao contrário, os olhos dos discípulos se abriram da maneira certa, e reconheceram o Senhor ressuscitado. Destaca-se a semelhança entre o estado de desânimo dos primeiros pais, ao fim do relato da queda, e dos discípulos de Emaús no início do episódio. Ressalta-se também a importância da iniciativa dos discípulos de convidar Jesus a permanecer, não apenas pela hospitalidade, mas a fim de desfazer a esquiva dos primeiros pais, que se esconderam de Deus em razão de seu pecado. Por fim, a referida aproximação reforça a teoria de que a companhia de Cléofas fosse sua própria esposa, formando um casal. / [en] This research seeks to analyze the possible allusion to Gen 3,7 (LXX) in the expression their eyes were opened, used by Luke in Lk 24,31, in the episode of the disciples of Emmaus. Based on this reference, the Lucan text emerges as an epilogue to the account of the original fall: in Eden the eyes of Adam and Eve were improperly opened, and due to their disobedience they found their nakedness; in Emmaus, on the contrary, the disciples eyes were opened in the right way, and they recognized the risen Lord. The similarity between the state of dismay of the first parents, at the end of the account of the fall, and that of the disciples of Emmaus at the beginning of the episode stands out. The importance of the disciples initiative to invite Jesus to stay is also highlighted, not only for hospitality, but in order to undo the dodge of the first parents, who hid from God because of their sin. Finally, the aforementioned approximation reinforces the theory that Clophas company was his own wife, forming a couple.