Submitted by DONALDO DE ASSIS BORGES null (donaldo.borges@gmail.com) on 2016-02-25T17:12:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese (1) - Final 20160222.pdf: 1919857 bytes, checksum: 715cc846d4546124279590732532332f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-02-26T16:39:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 borges_da_dr_fran.pdf: 1919857 bytes, checksum: 715cc846d4546124279590732532332f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-02-26T16:39:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 borges_da_dr_fran.pdf: 1919857 bytes, checksum: 715cc846d4546124279590732532332f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-18 / O presente trabalho descreve e analisa o pensamento teológico-político de D. Adauto Aurélio de Miranda Henriques (1855-1935), bispo da Paraíba (1894-1935), visando o entendimento da forma como operou o pensamento sociológico-organicista de Louis Gabriel Ambroise, visconde de Bonald, o providencialismo histórico de Joseph de Maistre e o organicismo jurídico de Friedrich Julius Stahl, a fim de fundamentar o seu discurso e a sua ação política no movimento de oposição católica à ordem jurídica instaurada pela Primeira República. A sua ação política teve por objetivo a volta de direitos de interesse da Igreja suprimidos pela Constituição brasileira de 1891 e, foi marcada, em tese, pela obsessão pela lei. A proposta de reformar a Constituição visava o balizamento simbólico da religião na maior referência legislativa da nação. A axiologia católica deveria adentrar ao plano positivo da lei por meio da inscrição do nome de Deus na Carta Magna brasileira. O aspecto simbólico do nome de Deus na Constituição vinculava diretamente o nome de uma Instituição – a Igreja católica –, sobretudo pelo fato da maioria dos brasileiros professarem o catolicismo. A lei constitucional passa a ser a mola mestra do interesse da Igreja, com o propósito de fazer convergir uma hegemonia católica no interior da sociedade brasileira. A hegemonia católica foi historicamente exercida diretamente sobre os governantes, em razão da prevalência do princípio da soberania divina, todavia na modernidade a lei passa a se constituir no limite do poder político, sob o fundamento democrático da soberania popular. A Igreja se arma de pessoas preparadas intelectualmente para enfrentar o desafio de lutar pela lei e mudar a Constituição pela via democrática. A obra teológico-política de D. Adauto tem no seu núcleo uma intensa argumentação de combate à modernidade, a fim de fornecer elementos discursivos para a formação de um capital sócio-político-religioso, no intuito de oferecer subsídios para direcionar o católico e o catolicismo para a luta por direitos constitucionais na Carta Política brasileira. / This doctoral thesis describes and analyzes the theological-political thought of D. Adauto Aurelio de Miranda Henriques (1855-1935), bishop of Paraíba (1894-1935), aimed at understanding the way it operated the sociological and organismic thought of Louis Gabriel Ambroise, Viscount de Bonald, the historic providentialism of Joseph de Maistre and legal organicism of Friedrich Julius Stahl in order to substantiate his speech and his political action in the movement of Catholic opposition to the law established by the First Republic. Its political action aimed at the return of Church interest rights suppressed by the Brazilian Constitution of 1891, and was marked, in theory, by the obsession by law. The proposal to reform the constitution aimed at the symbolic marking of religion in the nation's largest legislative reference. The Catholic axiology should come into the positive side of the law through the application of God's name in the Brazilian Constitution. The symbolic aspect of God's name in the Constitution directly linked the name of an institution - the Catholic Church - especially because most Brazilians profess Catholicism. The constitutional law becomes the mainspring of the Church's interest in order to converge a Catholic hegemony within the Brazilian society. The Catholic hegemony has historically exerted directly on the rulers because of the prevalence of the principle of divine sovereignty, but in modern times the law shall be constituted on the edge of political power under the democratic basis of popular sovereignty. The Church arming people intellectually prepared to face the challenge of fighting for law and change the constitution through democratic means. The theological-political work of D. Adauto has at its core a strong argument to fight modernity in order to provide discursive elements for the formation of a socio-religious-political capital in order to offer subsidies to target the Catholic and Catholicism in the struggle for constitutional rights in the Charter Brazilian Policy.

This thesis examines the construction of legal arguments in the English ecclesiastical courts, 1193-1300. The primary source materials used are the records of the thirteenth-century provincial Court of Canterbury, the earliest extensive collection of English ecclesiastical court records. The thesis is divided into two sections: 1) the development and use of Romano- canonical procedure in the Court of Canterbury, and 2) the construction of arguments based on procedure, issues of fact, and issues of law, as well as the citation of legal sources. As yet, very little work has been done on the practical aspects of litigation and legal representation in the ecclesiastical courts before the fourteenth century. By combining a broad overview of procedure with a detailed analysis of select documents and cases, this thesis will provide a more in-depth study of legal argument in the ecclesiastical courts than has previously been available. In the thirteenth century, the ecclesiastical courts were operating within an extensive framework of written law, which made the litigants dependent on both the eloquence of their argument and on their ability to cite their sources and offer proofs. The increased complexity of arguments and the appearance of explicit canon and civil law citations at the end of the thirteenth century were almost certainly a result of the development of the roles of advocates in the church courts. This study will use the surviving records from Canterbury to provide a detailed picture of litigation in the period, in particular with regard to the way in which litigants constructed their arguments and accessed representation, and the manner in which legal experts made use of their education when practising in the church courts. This will allow us to further investigate how litigants were able to understand and make effective use of a changing legal system.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / The Master's thesis entitled "The power of the pen: a study on the valuation of Law Degree in political relations of Rio Grande Sul: Pelotas and Alegrete (1850- 1870)", developed in the Research Line "Frontier, Politics and society "of the Graduate Program in History at the Federal University of Santa Maria - UFSM, which featured Master's scholarship Program Social Demand FAPERGS/CAPES, aims to analyze the situation about the Bachelor valuation process in law and so his knowledge in political discourse and its post-formed features in the second half of the nineteenth century, analyzing more specifically the municipalities of Alegrete and Pelotas in the period between 1850 1870. This historical approach is justified in the sense of the social, political and legal Sul-rio-grandense to be a process of change after Farroupilha Revolution (1835-1845), where the "penalty" replaced the "sword", when it comes to defending their provincial interests, or interests of the elites in relation to the Imperial government. These elites were searching the intellectual capital to maintain or achieve the political capital of the time. In this sense, we seek to understand the insertion of Bachelor of Laws in the bureaucratic sphere in the process of formation and consolidation of the post-independence Brazilian state through an analysis of the organization of the bureaucratic system that is created. Besides presenting some bachelors paths listed for this thesis, in the sense that the legal training to the achievement of political and bureaucratic positions of prominence in the nineteenth century was almost always advantageous. / A dissertação de Mestrado intitulada ―A força da pena: um estudo acerca da valorização do Bacharel em Direito nas relações políticas dos sul-rio-grandenses: Pelotas e Alegrete (1850- 1870)‖, desenvolvida na Linha de Pesquisa ―Fronteira, Política e Sociedade‖ do Programa de Pós-Graduação em História da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria - UFSM, que contou com bolsa de Mestrado do Programa Demanda Social FAPERGS/CAPES, pretendeu analisar a conjuntura acerca do processo de valorização do Bacharel em Direito e assim de seu conhecimento nas articulações políticas e suas funções pós-formados, na segunda metade do século XIX, analisando mais especificamente os municípios de Alegrete e Pelotas nos período entre 1850 1870. Tal recorte histórico justifica-se no sentido do campo social, político e jurídico sul-rio-grandense estar num processo de mudança pós Revolução Farroupilha (1835-1845), onde a ―pena‖ vivia um processo de substituição da ―espada‖, no que tange a defesa dos seus interesses da província, ou interesses privados das elites em relação ao governo Imperial. Estas elites estavam em busca do capital social intelectual para manter ou conseguir o capital social político daquele tempo. Neste sentido, buscamos entender a inserção do Bacharel em Direito na esfera burocrática do processo de formação e consolidação do Estado brasileiro pós-independência através de uma análise da organização do sistema burocrático que se criara. Além de apresentar algumas trajetórias de bacharéis listados para esta dissertação, no sentido que a formação jurídica para o alcance de posições políticas e burocráticas de destaque no século XIX era quase sempre vantajosa.

Créés pendant la Révolution française, les départements s'affirment tout au long du XIXème siècle. Malgré les régimes successifs, l'institution perdure et se renforce. Les lois donnent en effet de plus en plus de libertés aux Conseilgénéraux, et à la fin du Second Empire, on peut affirmer que ceux-ci sont responsables de leur budget. C'est dans ce cadre que se développe l'assistance sociale en France. D'essence communale, elle se déploie avec l'aide des départements qui apportent leur concours financier. Cependant nombre d'entre eux, dans un souci permanent de maîtrise des finances, ne s'engagent que de manière limitée dans le champ social. L'exemple du département des Landes est à ce titre particulièrement significatif. Dirigé par un Conseil général plutôt progressiste mais soucieux de réaliser des économies, il ne développe pas une politique d'assistance satisfaisante. / Created for the French Revolution, the “départements” i.e. French administrative lands, are getting increased recognition throughout the XIXth Century. Albeit various governments coming into force, the Institution carries forward and is strengthened. Laws provide increased freedoms to “Conseils généraux”, i.e. authorities administering the “départements”, so that they are fully responsible for their own budget by the end of the Second World War. As a result, social assistance is developed within this framework in France. Originally from communal background, social assistance was being implemented thanks to “départements”’ financial commitment. However, some of them relinquished to enact social assistance politics due to tight financial controls, Landes “département” being a significant illustration of this. Though headed by progressive ideals, Landes “Conseil général” is focused on making savings, thereupon not providing satisfying social politics to their inhabitants.

Labor Law arose from the need to provide protection  to  the  objectively weak part of the employment relationship: The  worker. However, how did Labor Law originated and inwhich way did it acquire its protective nature? In this article, the author presents a comprehensive history of the origins of Labor Law, the various stages it went through and even its arrival to Peru, as well as the challenges it currently faces. / El Derecho del Trabajo surge ante la necesidad de brindar protección a la parte objetivamente débil de la relación laboral: El trabajador. Sin embargo, ¿cómo se originó el Derecho del Trabajo y de qué forma adquirió su carácter protector? En el presente artículo, el autor nos presentauna completa historia sobre los orígenes del Derecho del Trabajo, las diversas etapas por las cuales tuvo que transitar e incluso su llegada al Perú, así como los retos que enfrenta actualmente.

Progres of Criminal Law in 18th Century in Our Countries Abstract This thesis attempts to show certain aspects of the progress of the criminal law in the 18th century in the Czech Crown Lands. It mainly focuses on substantive criminal law and captures its evolution by comparison of selected instruments of law contained in analyzed criminal codes, which are sorted in chronological order. The thesis is composed of an introductory, three chapters and a conclusions. The introduction briefly defines topic and basic terminology used in this thesis and also mentions existing literature. The chapter one is subdivided into three parts. The first part deals with the state of the sources of criminal law at the begining of 18th century and than mainly focuses on the codification of the municipal law and also on The Renewed Constitution. Next part of the chapter is aimed at the criminal code of Joseph I and at the criminal code of Maria Theresa, which were published in the 18th century. The last part concentrates on two more criminal codes, namely criminal code of Joseph II and also criminal code of Francis II, both being influenced by the philosophy of the age of enlightenment, while the later being published in the 19th century. The second chapter delivers a summary of selected instruments of substantive criminal law....

La pratique des assurances maritimes est étroitement liée au commerce maritime : elle en suit les mouvances jusqu’à en acquérir une autonomie concrétisée par le mouvement de colonisation. En effet, la colonisation française, réalisée dans un but de domination politique mais surtout de prospérité économique de la métropole, contribue au développement des assurances. Le contrat d’assurance offre une protection aux échanges commerciaux maritimes contre les risques survenant sur mer le plaçant au cœur de l’économie du XVIIIe au XIXe siècle. Il apparaît comme une nécessité notamment pour les îles situées aux Antilles ou dans l’océan Indien pour lesquelles le commerce se fait exclusivement par navire. Envisager les risques maritimes sous le prisme de l’assureur permet de constater que même si les transactions avec les colonies favorisent la multiplication des assurances, les gouvernements successifs attribuent de façon exclusive la législation et la pratique des assurances à la métropole. Il en ressort une politique coloniale commerciale au seul profit de la métropole, excluant toute tentative d’appropriation des colons de la pratique de l’assurance maritime. Cette idée se confirme dès la phase de souscription du contrat d’assurance lors de la détermination des risques que l’assureur se propose de garantir et se poursuit lorsque le risque se réalise et qu’il doit intervenir pour réparer le sinistre. La spécificité coloniale se traduit donc par une mainmise de la métropole sur cette matière même si les assureurs doivent prendre en compte les caractéristiques des échanges maritimes avec les colonies. / The practice of maritime insurance was closely linked to maritime commerce, particularly that concerning the colonies. French colonization, undertaken for reasons of political domination but especially in the interest of the economic prosperity of the home country, contributed to the development of insurance. Insurance contracts offered protection against the risks arising at sea, placing them at the heart of the economy of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This insurance was necessary in particular for islands located in the Antilles or in the Indian Ocean, where trade was exclusively conducted by ship. Even though the commerce with the colonies increased the necessity of insurance, the successive French governments reserved legislation and the practice of insurance to the home country. The colonial commercial policy only benefited the home country, excluding settlers from the practice of maritime insurance. This was the case, starting with the formulation of the insurance contract when determining the risks which the insurer would guarantee, and continuing in case of accident and claims made.

The equity side of the court of exchequer "is by far the most obscure of all the English jurisdictions," declared Plucknett. The purpose of this essay is to shed some light upon this court and to explore its jurisdiction, to introduce its staff, to discover its procedures, to explain its equity records, and perhaps to render Plucknett's statement obsolete. Institutional history has an unfortunate tendency to dryness and remoteness, which coupled with the author's literary short-comings portends a tedious undertaking for the reader of this work. However, a reminder of the immense importance- of institutional history for both the lawyer and the historian will, hopefully, overcome this initial discouragement. Substantive law is inextricably intermingled with the procedures of the court; the practicalities of the prosecution of a lawsuit can never be neglected. Of initial and fundamental importance is that for which the petitioner prays. In practical terms this was a remedy for a grievance or a complaint; in larger terms and in the context of this study, this was the prayer for equitable relief. This study demonstrates that equity was bigger than the chancery and that others besides the lord high chancellor had a hand in its development . It is true that the court of chancery was the most important court of equity, but the existence of an alternative high court of equity in the exchequer had a significant effect upon the development of equity and upon the chancery itself.

Historians have enhanced our understanding of United States foreign policy in Asia, Latin, and Central America. My dissertation contributes to this literature by exploring U.S. foreign relations in the Caribbean by taking a close look at Haiti. While both nations achieved independence during the Age of Revolutions, by the turn of the 20th century, the U.S. occupied Haiti from 1915–1934. In investigating the history of U.S. and Haitian diplomacy, one figure appeared repeatedly in my archival research and fieldwork in both nations, Charlemagne Peralte. During the U.S. intervention, Peralte rose as a leader of a Haitian guerrilla group known as the cacos who positioned themselves as nationalists fighting for Haiti's sovereignty. Under Peralte's direction, the cacos battled the occupying forces and also promoted their cause as a global call for democracy. Though Peralte died in 1919, his significance to Haitians assumed epic proportions as Pancho Villa and Emiliano Zapata of Mexico, Augusto Sandino of Nicaragua, and Che Guevera in Cuba. Haitians on the island and across the Americas in the Diaspora revive Peralte's history and meaning throughout the 20th and 21st centuries. Drawing on unexplored primary sources, marines' records, and oral histories, etc, my study seeks to move Charlemagne Peralte from the margins to the center in historiography surrounding 'bandits,' rebels, and national leaders. The work first traces U.S. and Haitian relations from their revolutions to the various events leading to the occupation in 1915. It then captures the tenor of the early occupation years by analyzing the various modes of resistance that erupted because of the intervention. Embedded in this protest against imperialism were Peralte and the actions of the cacos. The dissertation also reflects on the post-occupation years from 1948 to 1986 to examine the nations' foreign relations. Finally, the work documents the apotheosis of the cacos leader to examine the meaning behind the ongoing historical preservations of Peralte in Haiti and amongst the Haitian Diaspora community in the U.S. and Canada. The study documents how Peralte's story, and the historical remembrances of him, shed light on U.S. and Haitian diplomacy from the 19th through the 20th centuries.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:28:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 A IMPORTANCIA HISTORICA DO DIREITO NATURAL PARA JUSTICA.pdf: 1942422 bytes, checksum: b012db024943487bbc3d8690c5dc248a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2005-06-08 / nenhum / Our structured study has two main axes: the first an organization of reflexive texts covering the Greek origins of philosophical thought on law and justice seen from the point of view of the Greeks themselves and their commentators, attempts to demonstrate the importance of returning to the roots of justice of ancient times to understand its real significance today. The second axis is to find the influence of Greek thought on the formation of the concept of the history of justice and the current justice system. Thus, we used two paths: the first by means of studying classical history through Giambapttista Vico and the second, the report on western philosophical thought of Medievo, stressing, above all, structured reflections in respect to natural law and justice, mainly elaborated by St. Thomas of Aquino. We finish our work with a lesson from Franco Montoro and his proposal to return to the classical doctrine of natural law and the criticism of rational doctrine in the Modern Age as a form of finding the real significance for commutative, distributive and social justice nowadays. / Nosso estudo é estruturado em dois eixos principais: o primeiro, uma organização de textos reflexivos, abrangendo as origens gregas do pensamento filosófico do direito e da justiça, do ponto de vista dos próprios gregos e de seus comentadores, procurando demonstrar a importância de se debruçar sobre as raízes do direito e da justiça na antiguidade para se compreender seu real significado do presente. O segundo eixo é revelar a influência do pensamento grego na formação do conceito de história do direito e do próprio direito. Utilizamos, para tanto, dois caminhos, o primeiro, por meio dos estudos de história clássica em Giambapttista Vico e o segundo, um relato do pensamento filosófico ocidental do Medievo, enfatizando, sobretudo, as reflexões estruturadas em torno do direito natural e da justiça, elaboradas principalmente por São Tomás de Aquino. Finalizamos nosso trabalho com a lição de Franco Montoro e sua proposta de retorno à doutrina clássica de direito natural e a crítica à doutrina racional da Modernidade como forma de encontrarmos o verdadeiro significado para a justiça comutativa, social e distributiva em nossos dias.