The field of software development has rapidly been changing due to changes in work requirements and expectations of stakeholders. As a result, there has been a widespread adoption of agile methodology within the software industry, as it allows for a constant stream of deliveries and project adjustments. Agile methodology allows project teams to pick and adjust appropriate agile practices as they see fit, meaning that situations differ in various ways. With respect to the young age of agile methodology and the various approaches has created gaps that could affect project efficiency and quality. Specifically, one of these unperfected areas is the task management tools, that has had a hard time being established in the digital space. This can be illustrated by the popular use analog tools such as post-it notes and whiteboards. Likewise, analog and digital task management tools have varying advantages and disadvantages that forces project teams to work in certain ways. For example, analog tools are easily adjusted and digital tool are instead more structured. Typically, this creates restrictions to the physical work space for employees and obstacles of project progression communication to external parties. Towards addressing the issue, a set of seven task board requirements are established as the foundation for the solution, which are based on the theoretical and practical findings. The solution is a digitalized whiteboard with syncing and cross platform abilities.

Marching Cubes is a rendering technique that has many advantages for a lot of areas. It is a technique for representing scalar fields as a three-dimensional mesh. It is used for geographical applications as well as scientific ones, mainly in the medical industry to visually render medical data of the human body. But it's also an interesting technique to explore for the usage in computer games or other real-time applications since it can create some really interesting rendering. The main focus in this paper is to present a novel hybrid solution using marching cubes and heightmaps to render terrain; moreover, to find if it’s suitable for real-time applications. The paper will follow a theoretical approach as well as an implementational one on the hybrid solution. The results across several tests for different scenarios show that the hybrid solution works well for today's real-time applications using a modern graphics card and CPU (Central Processing Unit).

Syfte: Att bygga i ett högt tempo med hänsyn till Sveriges klimatmål är en utmaning och det krävs åtgärder i byggsektorn för att uppnå målen. Material som stål och betong har en energikrävande tillverkningsprocess och släpper ut en stor del av de totala växthusgaser som byggsektorn orsakar. Enligt forskning har tillverkningsprocessen för KL-trä en betydligt mindre påverkan på klimatet och anses som ett hållbart material i jämförelse med stål och betong. Rapporten syftar till att undersöka möjligheterna för en ökad användning av korslimmat trä (KL-trä) som stommaterial i Sverige. Metod: För att uppnå studiens mål har en kvalitativ fallstudie genomförts. Metoder som har använts är en litteraturstudie för att kartlägga forskningsfronten inom området, vilket bidrar till datainsamling. Semistrukturerade intervjuer bidrar till primärdata, där respondenternas erfarenheter, värderingar, kunskap och tillvägagångssätt inom området beaktas för att besvara studiens frågeställningar.   Resultat: KL-trä har i jämförelse med Prefabricerad betong ett 34–86 procent mindre koldioxidutsläpp under hela sin livscykelanalys (LCA). Materialkostnaderna skiljer inte mellan stommaterialen, däremot blir riskpåslaget större för KL-trä vid kalkylering och anbud på grund av bristande erfarenhet och kunskap. Kompetens om KL-trä behöver utvecklas inom företag genom utbildningar samt genom samarbete och nära dialog med olika aktörer under hela processen, där beställare behöver sätta tydliga mål och krav. Kunskapen behöver öka för att förbättra processer, planering och kostnad under projekteringsskedet, där hjälpmedel behöver utvecklas för att underlätta stomval.För att skapa lönsamhet och konkurrensfördel bör företag ligga i framkant i utvecklingen av klimatfrågan där kunskapen om KL-träs förutsättningar kan bidra till komplexa projekt med hybridlösningar där materials förutsättningar utnyttjas.  Konsekvenser: För att öka användandet av KL-trä som stommaterial kan utbildningar om KL-trä införas för medarbetare, vilket ökar den interna kompetensen gällande materialet. För att möjliggöra ökad användning av KL-trä kan en alternativ kalkyl och LCA presenteras för kund. Det kan även uppnås genom utveckling av hjälpmedel för att underlätta val av stomme. Byggföretag måste våga satsa på KL-trä för att skapa referenser och kompetens, vilket kan ske genom att implementera KL-trä i små steg genom hybridlösningar. Begränsningar: Studien fokuserar på den svenska byggsektorn, där aspekterna klimatpåverkan och kostnad studeras mellan KL-trä, platsgjuten betong och prefabricerad betong. Resultatet är generellt giltigt. / Purpose: To build at a high pace with regards to Sweden’s climate goals is a challenge and actions are required in the construction sector to achieve the goal. Materials such as steel and concrete have an energy-intense manufacturing process and emit a large part of the total greenhouse gases caused by the construction sector. According to research, the manufacturing process for CLT has a significantly small impact on the climate and is considered a more sustainable material compared to steel and concrete. This report aims to explore the possibilities of an increased use of cross laminated wood (CLT) asload-bearing material in buildings in Sweden a frame material in Sweden.  Method: To achieve the goals of the study, a qualitative case study has been conducted. Methods that have been used are a literature study to map the research front which contributes with data. Semi-structured interviews contribute with primary data where the respondents’ experiences, values, knowledge and approaches are analysed to answer the research questions of the study.  Findings: CLT has a 34-86 percent lower climate impact compared to prefabricated concrete during the Life Cycle Analysis (LCA). The material cost does not differ between the load-bearing frame materials. However, the risk premium is higher for CLT due to the lack of experience and knowledge. The competence needs to be developed within the companies through educations and close collaboration and discussions with actors during the whole process where customers need to set clear goals and requirements. The knowledge needs to increase in order to improve processes, planning, costs and tools to facilitate the choice of load-bearingframe material. To achieve profitability and a competitive advantage, companies need to be at the forefront of the development of the climate issue, where knowledge of CLT contribute to complex projects with hybrid solutions where material conditions are utilized.         Implications: To increase the use of CLT as a load-bearing frame material, educations can be introduced about CLT for employees. To enable increased use of CLT, an alternative calculation and LCA can be presented to the costumer. It can also be achieved by developing tools to facilitate the choice of load-bearing frame materials. Construction companies needs to invest in CLT to create new references and more competence. Companies can achieve it by implementing CLT in small steps and use hybrid solutions.  Limitations: The study focuses on the Swedish construction sector where the aspects of climate impact and cost are studied between CLT, cast-in-place concrete and prefabricated concrete. The result is generally valid.

Ninety percent of all single-family houses and smaller residential buildings in Sweden are built with timber frames. Though, this figure is different for higher buildings, about twenty percent in timber frames and eighty percent in concrete and steel. However, the knowledge and experience about tall timber houses is limited today and it needs to be developed over the time, both technically and architecturally. Purpose: The wood has a lower E-module than concrete and steel, which cause an additional problem in high-rise buildings of more than eight floors, stability. The measures for this problem can be costly and reduce the living space of the building due to large dimensions of the wooden structure. This project work is based on the challenges that exist around the construction of tall wooden buildings and tries to present a beneficial hybrid solution for the construction of tall houses in wood and concrete. Method: The study object is a multi-story building on ten floors where wood is used in combination with concrete for the frame system. The vertical loads such as self-weight, payload and snow load are carried by the wooden frame. On the other hand, concrete has the task of taking care of the horizontal forces caused by wind loads. The frame system is dimensioned according to the Eurocodes and standard dimensions to ensure the load-bearing capacity of the building. Results: The result reports that two concrete cores in the hybrid building absorb all horizontal forces and loads down to the foundation. These cores can also be used as stair/elevator shafts and will not affect the building's living area. A timber-concrete composite with a thickness of 300 mm, replaced the wooden composite which normally reaches a thickness of 400 to 500 mm. This means a height gain of one to two meters. The columns will get smaller dimensions because of the cores and give more living space. The concrete utilization in that hybrid building decreases by 57 percent, which is a large saving from an environmental perspective. In addition, life cycle analysis, LCA shows that carbon dioxide equivalents, CO2e are 43 percent less in the hybrid framework. Conclusion: The hybrid multi-stories houses of concrete and wood can be a useful alternative for increasing construction of wooden houses. A concrete core in the middle of building helps the construction to become more stable and the swaying due to wind loads be minimized. Furthermore, the columns can have smaller dimensions, which increases the living space in the building. The timber-concrete composite gives the building more weight and solves the step sound problem that arises due to low E-module on the wooden flooring. Additionally, the height of the building decreases, which in turn leads to buildings being able to have more stories and more living space. Moreover, through hybrid solutions in buildings, the environmental benefits of wood can be utilized to build environmentally friendly buildings. The ten-stories hybrid framework in this study, saves 43 percent CO2e compared to the corresponding framework in concrete.

Telemetry system, Optimisation, Sensoric networks, Smart Grid, Internet of Things, Sensors, Information security, Cryptography, Cryptography algorithms, Cryptosystem, Confidentiality, Integrity, Authentication, Data freshness, Non-Repudiation.