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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
101

Doenças relacionadas ao saneamento ambiental inadequado (DRSAI) em Porto Alegre - RS

Nugem, Rita de Cássia January 2015 (has links)
As doenças infecto-parasitárias continuam presentes em regiões metropolitanas no Brasil apesar do aumento da prevalência das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT). Este trabalho teve por objetivo geral apresentar aspectos da situação das DRSAI e da política de saneamento em Porto Alegre - RS. Os resultados mostram que em regiões mais pobres é que se encontram os maiores problemas relacionados a DRSAI, as quais são: Restinga, Partenon, Nordeste, Lomba do Pinheiro, Glória, Ilhas e Extremo Sul. Há concentração maior de Dengue na região Partenon; de Leptospirose nas regiões da Restinga, Extremo Sul, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte e Eixo Baltazar; de Hepatite A nas regiões das Ilhas, Nordeste, Humaitá/Navegantes, Centro, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte, Partenon e Leste. Sobre a política pública para o Saneamento Ambiental na cidade de Porto Alegre, existem algumas políticas urbanas, como o PDDUA, mas que necessitam uma visão sistêmica maior direcionada aos problemas mais pontuais da cidade. Quanto aos Planos de Saneamento Modalidade Esgotamento Sanitário, os locais que mais necessitam de saneamento – rede coletora de esgotos – são os locais que possuem uma metragem menor para instalação de infraestrutura, como a Região das Ilhas. O Plano de Saneamento Básico Modalidade Água traz várias informações sobre as regiões que necessitam de infraestrutura para universalizar o abastecimento, no entanto, não há previsão de quando isso será possível. Finalizando, as doenças infecto-parasitárias são uma realidade em Porto Alegre ainda, no século XXI, com cerca de 1.200 internações anuais pelo SUS e são responsáveis por cerca de 750 óbitos por ano registrados na capital. / Infectious and parasitic diseases still present in metropolitan areas in Brazil despite the increased prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs). This work was aimed at presenting general aspects of the situation of inadequated environmental sanitation diseases (IESDs) and sanitation policy in Porto Alegre. The results show that in the poorest regions is that they are the biggest problems related to IESDs, which are Restinga, Parthenon, Nordeste, Lomba do Pinheiro, Gloria, Ilhas and Extremo Sul. The higher concentration of Dengue was found in the region Parthenon; of Leptospirosis in the regions of Restinga, Extremo Sul, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte and Eixo Baltazar; Hepatitis A in the regions of Ilhas, Nordeste, Humaitá / Navegantes, Centro, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte, Leste and Parthenon. On public policy for the Environmental Sanitation in the city of Porto Alegre, it is concluded that there are some urban policies, such as PDDUA, but need greater systemic view directed to the most specific problems of the city. The Sanitation Plans (Sanitation mode), it is concluded that the regions most in need of sanitation - sewage collection network - are places that have a lower footage for infrastructure installation, such as the Region of the Ilhas. Sanitation Plan Basic (Mode Water) brings various information about the areas that need infrastructure to provide universal supply, however no date for when this will be possible. Finally, infectious and parasitic diseases are a reality in Porto Alegre still in the XXI century, with about 1.200 annual hospitalizations in SUS and it is responsible for about 750 deaths per year recorded in the capital.
102

A escassez de água para abastecimento público e seus reflexos socioeconômicos no município de Itu-SP / The shortage of water for public supplyng and it socioeconomics reflections in the municipality of Itu-SP

Murilo Rogério Rodrigues 06 October 2008 (has links)
O município de Itu-SP já foi um dos mais importantes da província de São Paulo, sobretudo entre meados do século XIX e início do século XX. Nesta época Itu tinha grande participação na economia do estado com o cultivo do café, e na vida política do país, pois foi nele que se deu a convenção republicana de 1873. Porém, da metade do século XX em diante, o município passou a enfrentar diversos problemas internos o que atrapalhou o seu desenvolvimento, e acarretou numa diminuição significativa de importância no cenário estadual e nacional. Um desses problemas foi a escassez de água para abastecimento público ao longo de séculos, mas que se intensificou durante o século passado trazendo prejuízos em diversos setores. Este estudo teve por objetivo analisar esta problemática, seus reflexos para o município e para população ituana ao longo das últimas décadas. Os resultados obtidos e aqui apresentados permitiram-nos conhecer a atual situação dos recursos hídricos e do serviço de abastecimento público de água municipal. Revelaram também características peculiares, mostraram a relação existente entre o problema do abastecimento público de água e o quadro socioeconômico ituano como, por exemplo, um aumento dos gastos com saúde e uma menor produção industrial em anos de racionamento. / The municipality of Itu-SP was already one of the most important districts of São Paulo province, above all between the nineteenth century and the turn of the twentieth century. At this time Itu had great participation in the state economy with the coffee cultivation, and the political life of the country, because it was in Itu that the republican convention of 1873 took place. However, from the mid twentieth century on, the municipality started facing several internal problems that hindered its development, and it brought about a significant decrease of importance in the state and national scenery. One of these problems was the water shortage for public supply along centuries, which was intensified during the last century resulting losses in several sectors. This case study had the objective to analyze this problem, its reflections on the municipality and on Itu population along the last decades. The obtained results and presented here allowed us to know todays situation of the hydric resources and the municipal water supply public service. They also revealed peculiar characteristics, they showed the existent relationship between the problem of the public water supply and Itus socioeconomic picture such as, for instance, an increase in health expenses and a smaller industrial production in years of rationing.
103

Doenças relacionadas ao saneamento ambiental inadequado (DRSAI) em Porto Alegre - RS

Nugem, Rita de Cássia January 2015 (has links)
As doenças infecto-parasitárias continuam presentes em regiões metropolitanas no Brasil apesar do aumento da prevalência das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT). Este trabalho teve por objetivo geral apresentar aspectos da situação das DRSAI e da política de saneamento em Porto Alegre - RS. Os resultados mostram que em regiões mais pobres é que se encontram os maiores problemas relacionados a DRSAI, as quais são: Restinga, Partenon, Nordeste, Lomba do Pinheiro, Glória, Ilhas e Extremo Sul. Há concentração maior de Dengue na região Partenon; de Leptospirose nas regiões da Restinga, Extremo Sul, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte e Eixo Baltazar; de Hepatite A nas regiões das Ilhas, Nordeste, Humaitá/Navegantes, Centro, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte, Partenon e Leste. Sobre a política pública para o Saneamento Ambiental na cidade de Porto Alegre, existem algumas políticas urbanas, como o PDDUA, mas que necessitam uma visão sistêmica maior direcionada aos problemas mais pontuais da cidade. Quanto aos Planos de Saneamento Modalidade Esgotamento Sanitário, os locais que mais necessitam de saneamento – rede coletora de esgotos – são os locais que possuem uma metragem menor para instalação de infraestrutura, como a Região das Ilhas. O Plano de Saneamento Básico Modalidade Água traz várias informações sobre as regiões que necessitam de infraestrutura para universalizar o abastecimento, no entanto, não há previsão de quando isso será possível. Finalizando, as doenças infecto-parasitárias são uma realidade em Porto Alegre ainda, no século XXI, com cerca de 1.200 internações anuais pelo SUS e são responsáveis por cerca de 750 óbitos por ano registrados na capital. / Infectious and parasitic diseases still present in metropolitan areas in Brazil despite the increased prevalence of chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs). This work was aimed at presenting general aspects of the situation of inadequated environmental sanitation diseases (IESDs) and sanitation policy in Porto Alegre. The results show that in the poorest regions is that they are the biggest problems related to IESDs, which are Restinga, Parthenon, Nordeste, Lomba do Pinheiro, Gloria, Ilhas and Extremo Sul. The higher concentration of Dengue was found in the region Parthenon; of Leptospirosis in the regions of Restinga, Extremo Sul, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte and Eixo Baltazar; Hepatitis A in the regions of Ilhas, Nordeste, Humaitá / Navegantes, Centro, Lomba do Pinheiro, Norte, Leste and Parthenon. On public policy for the Environmental Sanitation in the city of Porto Alegre, it is concluded that there are some urban policies, such as PDDUA, but need greater systemic view directed to the most specific problems of the city. The Sanitation Plans (Sanitation mode), it is concluded that the regions most in need of sanitation - sewage collection network - are places that have a lower footage for infrastructure installation, such as the Region of the Ilhas. Sanitation Plan Basic (Mode Water) brings various information about the areas that need infrastructure to provide universal supply, however no date for when this will be possible. Finally, infectious and parasitic diseases are a reality in Porto Alegre still in the XXI century, with about 1.200 annual hospitalizations in SUS and it is responsible for about 750 deaths per year recorded in the capital.
104

Crescimento inicial e ecofisiologia de clones de eucalipto sob diferentes condições climáticas / Initial growth and ecophysiology of eucalyptus clones under different climatic conditions

Lopes, Tatiana da Silva 28 August 2009 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-23T14:37:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tatiana da Silva Lopes.pdf: 2414798 bytes, checksum: 67809d72d5f7f2831fb1cfd839977509 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-08-28 / O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o crescimento e desenvolvimento de clones de eucalipto, analisando as respostas ecofisiológicas, em áreas sob diferentes condições climáticas, em duas épocas do ano. O estudo do comportamento de clones de eucalipto em relação às trocas gasosas, e as medidas de crescimento, se fazem necessário para tomar decisões que levem a uma maior produção, reduzindo custo e aumentando a eficiência no uso da água, otimizando assim a produção florestal. O experimento foi conduzido em duas áreas, uma no município de Aracruz, ao norte do Estado do Espírito Santo, e outra no município de Montezuma, norte do Estado de Minas Gerais. Foram utilizados dez clones produzidos pela Aracruz Celulose S/A, na unidade Barra do Riacho, pertencente ao município de Aracruz, Espírito Santo. Em outubro de 2008 foi realizada a primeira campanha, denominada período 1, e entre abril e maio de 2009 foi realizada a segunda campanha (período 2). As variáveis medidas nas duas áreas e nas duas épocas foram às seguintes: altura total da planta, diâmetro na altura do peito (DAP), área foliar e matéria seca de galhos, caule, folhas e raízes. Além das variáveis de trocas gasosas, fotossíntese, condutância estomática e transpiração e o potencial hídrico foliar. Na área experimental de Aracruz, por apresentar maior disponibilidade hídrica durante o período de avaliação, os clones obtiveram os maiores valores de biomassa seca da parte aérea, principalmente no compartimento caule, onde os clones na área experimental de Aracruz apresentaram crescimento três vezes maior do que os em Montezuma analisando a primeira campanha em relação à segunda. Os clones que se destacaram em Aracruz foram o 3 e o 4, apresentando os maiores valores no compartimento caule, na altura e no DAP, em ambas as campanhas. Em Montezuma o clone que se destaca é o 7, com maiores valores em altura e biomassa seca da parte aérea. Todas as variáveis fisiológicas analisadas obtiveram maiores valores no período 2. Os clones em Montezuma, no período 1 obtiveram maior taxa fotossintética e maior potencial hídrico foliar. Por Montezuma apresentar um período de seca maior e uma maior deficiência hídrica durante o período experimental, espera-se que a taxa fotossintética fosse menor. Porém nos dias de avaliação da primeira campanha, constatou que em Montezuma havia mais água no solo do que Aracruz, pois apresentou uma umidade do solo de 9,67 % em Aracruz e 12% em Montezuma. No período 2 os clones em Aracruz, apresentaram maior taxa fotossintética, maior transpiração e maior potencial hídrico foliar, provavelmente porque entre a primeira campanha e a segunda, esta área, obteve déficit hídrico duas vezes menor que Montezuma. Os clones 1 e 4 em geral obtiveram maiores valores em ambas as áreas, no período 1, isso indica que mesmo crescendo sob deficiência hídrica, são clones competitivos e que provavelmente possuem uma estratégia de sobrevivência independente do local onde esteja se desenvolvendo / The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth and development of eucalyptus clones, analyzing the ecophysiology answers, in areas under different climatic conditions, in two periods of the year. The study of the behavior of eucalyptus clones in relation to the gaseous changes and the growth measures are necessary to make decisions that leads to a larger production, reducing cost and increasing the efficiency in the use of the water, optimizing, thus, the forest production. The experiment was driven in two areas, one in the Aracruz city, at the north of Espírito Santo State, the other in the Montezuma city, north of Minas Gerais State. Ten clones were used produced by Aracruz Celulose S/A, in the unit Barra do Riacho, belonging to the Aracruz city, Espírito Santo. In October of 2008 (period 1) the first campaign was accomplished, and between April and May of 2009 the second campaign was accomplished (period 2). The measured variables in the two areas and in the two periods went the following ones: total height of the plant, diameter at the chest height (DAP), foliate area and dry matter of the leaves, branches, stem and roots. Besides the variables of gaseous changes, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance and trasnpiration and the leaf potential water. In the experimental area of Aracruz, by presenting larger hídric availability during the evaluation period, the clones obtained the largest dry biomass values of the aerial part, mainly in the compartment stem, where the clones in the experimental area of Aracruz presented growth three times larger than in the Montezuma, analyzing the first campaign in relation to the second campaign. The clones that stood out in Aracruz were the 3 and the 4, presenting the largest values in the compartment stem, in the height and in DAP, in both campaigns. In Montezuma the clone that distinguishes is the 7, with larger values in height and dry biomass of the aerial part. All the analyzed physiologic variables obtained more satisfactory values at that period 2. The clones in Montezuma, at that period 1obtained larger photosynthesis rate and larger leaf potential water. In order that Montezuma presents a larger period 1 and a larger hydric deficiency during the experimental period, it is expected that the photosynthesis rate is smaller. However in the days of evaluation of the first campaign, it verified that in Montezuma there was more water in the soil than Aracruz, because it presented a soil humidity of 9,67% in Aracruz and 12% in Montezuma. At that period 2 the clones in Aracruz, presented larger photosynthesis rate , larger trasnpiration and larger leaf potential water, probably because between the first campaign and second, this area, obtained hydric deficit twice times smaller than Montezuma. The clones 1 and 4 in general obtained satisfactory values in both areas, in the dry period, what indicates that even growing under hydric deficiency, they are competitive clones and that probably possess a strategy of an independent survival of the place where they are growing
105

Modélisation des transferts thermo-hydro-aérauliques dans les enveloppes de bâtiments : évaluation des désordres causés par l'humidité / Modeling of thermo-hygro-aeraulic transfers in buildings envelopes : assessment of disorders caused by humidity

Ferroukhi, Mohammed Yacine 01 December 2015 (has links)
Ces travaux de thèse s’inscrivent dans le cadre du projet ANR HUMIBATex « Comment prédire les désordres causés par l’humidité ? Quelles solutions techniques pour rénover le bâti existant ? » (2012-2016). Elle traite de la modélisation numérique et expérimentale des transferts couplés hydro-thermo-aérauliques à différentes échelles : matériau, paroi et ambiance de bâtiment. Sur le plan théorique, un modèle phénoménologique des transferts couplés de chaleur, d’air et d’humidité à travers les enveloppes de bâtiments (HAM) a été élaboré. Après la phase de validation (confrontation avec des solutions analytiques et des résultats expérimentaux), ce modèle a été implémenté avec confiance dans un code de simulation thermique dynamique du bâtiment (BES). Ceci a permis, ainsi, de développer une plateforme de co-simulation HAM-BES. Grâce à l’outil mis en œuvre, les comportements hygrothermiques de la paroi et de l’ambiance habitable des bâtiments ont été prédits finement. Deux cas d’études ont été entrepris. Le premier avait pour but de mettre en évidence l’impact des transferts hygrothermiques sur la prédiction des consommations énergétiques. Le deuxième cas d’étude a été dédié à l’étude de l’efficacité de différentes stratégies de ventilation (extraction ou insufflation) sur le contrôle et la diminution des risques d’apparition de désordres liés à l’humidité au niveau des bâtiments résidentiels. Sur le plan expérimental, une campagne de caractérisation des propriétés physiques, hydriques et thermophysiques des matériaux de construction a été effectuée. Cette campagne expérimentale s’est focalisée sur l’analyse de l’impact de l’état thermique et hydrique du matériau sur les valeurs des propriétés hygrothermiques. Dans un autre travail expérimental, des dispositifs expérimentaux, à petite échelle mais également à l’échelle de la paroi, ont été conçus au laboratoire dans le but d’étudier la réponse hygrothermique des enveloppes de bâtiment ainsi que valider la plateforme de co-simulation dynamique HAM-BES. La confrontation des résultats a montré une bonne concordance entre la résolution numérique et les mesures expérimentales. Les résultats obtenus dans le cadre de ce travail de thèse ont mis en exergue l’influence d’une modélisation fine des transferts couplés de chaleur, d’air et d’humidité, à la fois sur la prédiction du comportement hygrothermique des ambiances habitables mais aussi sur le calcul des besoins énergétiques des bâtiments. / The present PhD thesis work is conducted in the framework of the National Program ANR HUMIBATex Project « How to predict the disorders caused by moisture? What technical solutions to renovate the existing buildings? ». It deals with the numerical and experimental modeling of a coupled heat, air and moisture transfers at different scales: material, envelope and building ambience. In the theoretical part, based on expression of heat and moisture (vapor, liquid and air) balances equations, a phenomenological model describing the coupled heat, air and moisture transfer (HAM) through the wall has been developed. After validation stage (comparison with experimental results and analytical solution), the model has been implemented with confidence in a building energy simulation code (BES). Using this HAM-BES dynamic co-simulation tool, the hygrothermal behavior of the wall and indoor air of buildings were predicted finely. Two cases studies have been undertaken. The aim of the first one was to highlight the impact of hydrothermal transfers on the prediction of building energy consumption. However, the second case study was devoted to study efficiency of different ventilation strategies (extracting or insufflation) on the control and reduction of disorders caused by moisture in residential buildings. In the experimental part, a characterization campaign of physical, hydric and thermophysical properties of construction materials has been carried out. This experimental campaign has been focused on analyzing of the impact of thermal and hydric state of the construction material on the hygrothermal properties values. In another work, several experimental devices, at small-scale and wall scale, were designed in the laboratory to study the hygrothermal response of different building envelopes configuration and validate the developed HAM-BES dynamic co-simulation platform. Results of confrontation have showed good agreement between the numerical solution and experimental measurements.The obtained results in the framework of this PhD thesis have highlighted the influence of a detailed modeling of coupled heat air and moisture transfer through the wall on the hygrothermal behavior prediction of the indoor air, on assessment of pathology indicators and on the evaluation of the buildings energy loads.
106

[en] CALIBRATION OF QUAL2E MODEL FOR CORUMBATAÍ RIVER (SP) / [pt] CALIBRAÇÃO DO MODELO QUAL2E PARA O RIO CORUMBATAÍ (SP)

VIVIAN PALMIERI 16 January 2004 (has links)
[pt] A previsão dos efeitos poluidores sobre uma bacia hidrográfica é uma constante necessidade para os órgãos de gestão ambiental e para os tomadores de decisão neste âmbito. Dentro deste contexto, os modelos matemáticos que permitam prever danos ou melhorias na qualidade de água de bacias hidrográficas são importantes ferramentas para este fim. O Qual2E desponta como uma destas ferramentas, de acesso livre, aplicável à sistemas fluviais, unidimensionais, bem misturados e de fluxo constante. Este trabalho propõe uma aplicação do Qual2E para o rio Corumbataí, localizado no interior do Estado de São Paulo, visando a obtenção de uma curva representativa para a qualidade de água do rio. Para tal, foi utilizada a metodologia sugerida pelo modelo, que prevê a divisão do sistema em trechos de características hidráulicas semelhantes e a subdivisão desses trechos em elementos de mesma extensão - os elementos computacionais (ECs). Os dados de vazão, profundidade, concentração de OD (oxigênio dissolvido), DBO (demanda bioquímica de oxigênio), temperatura, carga e localização de fontes poluidoras foram obtidos através de um projeto de parceria da CETESB com a USP, que contempla a elaboração de um banco de dados para qualidade de água da bacia. Este banco, georreferenciado, foi utilizado tanto para a entrada de condições iniciais no modelo,como para a construção da curva de referência dos dados reais de campo, para comparação com a curva calculada pelo modelo. Os coeficientes de reação - resultantes da interação entre as variáveis OD e DBO - presentes no sistema de equações diferenciais resolvidas pelo modelo, foram estimados através de tentativa e erro, até a concordância com os dados observados. A calibração efetuada se mostrou eficiente em reproduzir os dados observados, validando os parâmetros estimados através de um outro conjunto de dados.Uma análise de sensibilidade foi realizada para os parâmetros k1,k2,k3 e k4 e a curva calculada foi mais sensível ao coeficiente de decaimento de DBO. As limitações inerentes ao modelo, à coleta de dados e ao tratamento estatístico dos dados disponíveis impediram uma melhor concordância da curva calculada com a observada. / [en] The forecast of the polluting effects over a hydric basin is a constant need for the official environmental managers and for the people responsible for the decisions in this subject. Therefore, mathematical models that allow forecast damages or improvements in the river basin water quality are important tools for this purpose. Qual2E appears as one of these tools, of free access, and suitable for one-dimensional well-mixed rivers with constant flow. The objective of this work is to apply the Qual2E model to Corumbataí River, located in São Paulo State, in order to obtain a representative curve of the river water quality. The method suggested by the model request the division of the river in reaches with similar hydric features and a subdivision of these reaches in computational elements (CEs) with the same extension. The flow data, depth, DO (Dissolved Oxygen) concentration, BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand), temperature, load and location of pollution sources were obtained from a joint project between CETESB and USP, that resulted in a database for the water quality of the basin. This geo-referenced database was used both for the initial conditions to the model, as for the determination of a reference curve with the real field data, for comparison with the calculated curve of the model. The reaction coefficients - resulting from the interaction between DO and BOD - are the constants of the differential equations system solved by the model, were estimated through trial and error, until the agreement with the observed data. The calibration was efficient to reproduce the field data, through the validation for another group of data. A sensitivity analysis was executed for the parameters k1, k2, k3 and k4 and the calculated curve seemed to be more sensible to the BOD decaying coefficient. The limitations inherent to the model, the data collecting and the statistical treatment of the available data did not allow a better agreement between the calculated and the observed curves.
107

Geostatistical Approach to Delineate Wetland Boundaries in the Cutshaw Bog, Tennessee

Anderson, Victoria, Shockley, Isaac, Nandi, Arpita, Luffman, Ingrid 05 April 2018 (has links)
Wetlands are one of the most productive ecosystems in the world, providing a range of services, including: water quality improvement, flood mitigation, erosion control, habitat, and carbon storage. It is estimated that Tennessee has lost 60% of its original 2 million acres of pre-European settlement wetlands. Recently, increased funding has been made available for wetland restoration and expansion. In response, the Cherokee National Forest has proposed a range of wetland restoration actions within the Paint Creek Watershed to expand and restore some of the existing bogs and fens, including the Cutshaw Bog, a 163,864 m2 wetland located 32 km south of Greeneville, TN. The U.S. Forest Service has proposed a new expanded wetland boundary to result from restoration efforts. However, to assess the potential for success, current wetland indicators based on soil color, texture, depth, drainage, sulfide materials, and iron concentrations were examined. Sampling locations were identified by overlaying a grid, composed of 64 cells, each 40.5 meter by 40.5 meter in size. Soil cores were extracted up to a depth of 0.6 meters from each sampling cell and evaluated in situ for hydric soil properties using the Eastern Mountains and Piedmont Army Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Soil physical (texture, bulk density, moisture content) and chemical (pH, cation exchange capacity, % base saturation, Nitrogen, Bray II Phosphorus, Iron, Zinc, and Total Carbon Content) properties were evaluated in the laboratory. Results indicated 47% of samples taken within the proposed wetland expansion area currently have hydric soil characteristics and were located along drainage lines. Presence of hydric soils was correlated with soil physicochemical properties including bulk density, moisture content, sulfur and phosphorus concentrations, iron, and other metals. Statistical analyses for the northern section and southern section of the bog were completed separately, as they were physically divided by a French drain structure. Logistic regression models were developed using properties most strongly correlated with the presence of hydric soil. For the northern section, bulk density and iron were retained in the model, while for the southern section, iron was retained. A spatial model for the presence of hydric soil was developed by spatially interpolating the covariates through kriging. Next, a probability map was created from the logistic regression equation with raster math in ArcGIS Pro. Results indicate that Cutshaw Bog’s area cannot be expanded to the original proposed boundary provided by the US Forest Service and a new recommended boundary was delineated from the probability map. The results of this data driven approach will assist the Forest Service in targeted wetland restoration efforts at the Cutshaw Bog.
108

Caractérisation de la dynamique hydrique et du transport de solutés en sol nu soumis à des apports répétés de Produits Résiduaires Organiques : application au risque de lixiviation des nitrates / Characterizing water and solute transport in a bare soil subjected to repeated organic amendments : impact on nitrate leaching

Isch, Arnaud 28 June 2016 (has links)
Un dispositif en sol nu comprenant trois parcelles (90 m²) et six cases lysimétriques (4 m²) instrumentées a permis d’étudier l’influence d’apports répétés d’une boue de station d’épuration (BOUE) et de la même boue compostée avec des déchets verts (DVB) sur (i) les modifications des propriétés physico-chimiques et hydriques du sol ; (ii) le transport des ions bromures ; (iii) la dynamique de minéralisation du carbone et de l’azote organiques dans le sol. Finalement, le calage des paramètres hydrodynamiques et de décomposition de la matière organique dans le sol, propres à chaque horizon des profils de sols instrumentés, a permis une description satisfaisante de la dynamique hydrique et du transport des ions bromures et nitrates observés expérimentalement. Ces résultats aideront à l’adaptation de scénarios agronomiques sur le long terme pour répondre plus efficacement aux problématiques liées aux nouvelles exigences de recyclage des déchets et de protection de l’environnement. / An instrumented experimental bare soil site including three plots (90 m²) and six lysimeters (4 m²) has enabled to study the influence of repeated sewage sludge (SS) applications, as well as the same sewage sludge composted with green waste (SGW), on (i) the soil physicochemical and hydric properties ; (ii) the transport of bromide ions ; (iii) the organic carbon and nitrogen mineralization dynamics in soil. Finally, fitting the governing hydraulic parameters and the organic matter decomposition parameters in each soil horizon allowed a satisfying description of the experimentally observed water and bromide and nitrate ions transport in soil. These results will help conceive long-term agronomical scenarios aimed at providing more efficient answers to the new requirements of environmental protection and waste recycling policies.
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The influence of hydrology and time on productivity and soil development of created and restored wetlands

Anderson, Christopher John 02 December 2005 (has links)
No description available.
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[en] STABLE AND RADIOLOGICAL ISOTOPES IN DETERMINATION OF WATER CONTRIBUTIONS IN COASTAL LAGOON SYSTEMS – CASE STUDY: MARAPENDI LAGOON, RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL / [pt] UTILIZAÇÃO DE ISÓTOPOS ESTÁVEIS E RADIOGÊNICOS NA DETERMINAÇÃO DE APORTES HÍDRICOS EM SISTEMAS LAGUNARES COSTEIROS – ESTUDO DE CASO: LAGOA DE MARAPENDI, RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRASIL

FELIPE PEREIRA DE MOURA 10 December 2019 (has links)
[pt] A Lagoa de Marapendi integra, junto com as Lagoas de Camorim, de Jacarepaguá e da Tijuca, o Sistema Lagunar de Jacarepaguá que fica numa planície de mesmo nome localizada na zona oeste da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Uma das características mais marcantes desse Sistema é sua proximidade com o mar, que o abastece por meio do Canal da Joatinga. Marapendi é a mais externa das três Lagoas, separando-se do mar apenas por um cordão arenoso de 9km de extensão e largura de cerca de 100m, onde está localizada a Praia da Reserva. O trabalho objetivou determinar se haveria aportes hídricos entre o mar e a Lagoa através do lençol nesse cordão, determinar se essa troca é pontual ou difusa, se é uniforme ou variada e quantificar sua influência no volume total da Lagoa. Para tal foram utilizados três diferentes grupos de traçadores. O primeiro foi a condutividade por ser mais convencional e com possibilidade de trabalho em campo, em seguida os isótopos estáveis da água (Delta D e Delta 18O) e por último os isótopos de Ra de meia-vida curta (223Ra e 224Ra), determinados pelo uso de RaDeCC – Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter. Como resultado conseguiu-se demonstrar que há um aporte pelo cordão e que ele é difuso e não uniforme. Também, pode-se demonstrar uma zona de elevada descarga no mesmo lugar onde foi observado um afloramento natural. Na quantificação desse aporte, em cálculos aproximados, considerando a água subterrânea no cordão e uma linha de base de Ra na entrada da Lagoa, determinou-se que esse aporte é cerca de 10 por cento do volume de água da Lagoa. / [en] Marapendi Lagoon forms, along with Camorim, Jacarepaguá and Tijuca Lagoon, the Jacarepaguá Lagoon System, located on a plain by the same name in Rio de Janeiro. This System its proximity to the sea that supplies it with water by Joatinga Canal. Marapendi is the most external off the three lagoons, being separated of the sea by just a sandspit of 9km of extension and about 100m wide, named Reserva Beach. The study aimed to determine if there was water contributions (SGD) between the sea and the lagoon through the groundwater in this spit, determine if this exchange is punctual or diffused and to quantify it s influence on the Marapendi volume. For such were used different geotracers as salinity, major ions in salt water, water s stable isotopes (Delta D and Delta 18O) and short half-life radium isotopes (223Ra and 224Ra), determined by RaDeCC – Radium Delayed Coincidence Counter. As a result, it was possible to demonstrate that there is a water contribution through the groundwater. It is also possible to demonstrate an elevated discharge zone on the same place where was observed a natural water outcrop. Quantifying this contribution in calculations considering the sandspit s underground water and a radium baseline on the lagoon s entrance it was determined that this contribution is approximated 10 percent of Marapendi volume, wich is a considerably representative amount.

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