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This study aims to analyze the policy discourse held by interest groups in the United States following the repeal of Roe, the constitutional right to abortion, from a security perspective. Additionally, it seeks to examine what these organizations believe needs protection and against what, and the potential consequences for womenś health security in the USA. The study employs a security feminist and post-structuralist theoretical and methodological approach based on Bacchi’s (2023) problematization framework “What’s the problem represented to be?” (WPR) and Baldwin’s (1997) Security Concept to analyze how these interest groups perceive the abortion issue post-Roe and what this produces and reproduces. The analyst reveals a distinct and polarized view on the abortion issue regarding what should be protected and against what. These divergent perspectives influence how threats are perceived and what measures are advocated for. The study’s analysis also demonstrates that the politicized debate and the various problematizations may have adverse consequences for women’s health security, such as increased risks of unsafe abortions and lack of access to safe abortion care. Furthermore, the state-centric understanding of health policy may contribute to reproducing the stigma surrounding abortion and excluding women’s individual needs. This underscores the importance of questioning the prevailing health policy and its impact on women and other vulnerable groups, and raising the question: security for whom and for what?

Presidentvalet i USA baseras på personval istället för partival och detta personval inkluderar även presidentkandidatens partner. Presidentkandidaternas fruar diskuteras och analyseras idag lika mycket som presidentkandidaterna själva samtidigt som medierna diskuterar vilken av de tidigare presidentfruarna de kommer att efterlikna. Syftet med den här uppsatsen är att undersöka och analysera vilken retorik Michelle Obama och Ann Romney använder sig av i talen de ger på The Democratic National Convention respektive The Republican National Convention i ett försök att övertyga de amerikanska väljarna att deras man borde bli deras nästa president. Eftersom det visuella framträdandet bidrar till talets helhet ska även det undersökas och analyseras. Då Michelle Obama och Ann Romney har jämförts under hela valet görs det även här en komparativ analys av deras retorik samt deras visuella framträdande. En kvalitativ metod har valts för uppsatsen i form av en retorisk analys. Denna retoriska analys görs med hjälp av Karlbergs och Mrals (1998) retoriska modell. Resultatet visar att både Michelle Obama och Ann Romney använder sig mest av ethos och pathos i sina tal för att bygga tillit till publiken samt visa känslor. Undersökningens resultat visar även att de båda blir presidentkandidaternas surrogat till målgrupper som de inte når ut till vilket visar att presidentskapet är en två- persons- karriär där presidentfrun får stå för den feminina sidan medan presidentposten förbli maskulin. Resultatet visar även att den politiska kommunikationen inte behöver vara strikt politisk och att medierna spelar en stor roll i den politiska kommunikationen idag. / The presidential election in The United States is based on voting for an individual candidates rather than voting for a party and this vote includes the wife of the presidential candidate. The wives of presidential candidates are today equally discussed and analyzed, while the media also discusses which one of the previous presidential wives they are going to take after. The purpose of this thesis is to examine and analyze the rhetoric that Michelle Obama and Ann Romney uses in the speeches they give at The Democratic National Convention and The Republican National Convention in an effort to convince the American voters that their husband should be their next president. Since the visual appearance contributes to the speech as a whole this will also be examined and analyzed. Michelle Obama and Ann Romney have been compared throughout the whole election so a comparative analysis of their rhetoric and their visual appearance will also be made here. A qualitative approach has been chosen for this thesis in the form of a rhetorical analysis. This rhetorical analysis is done by using Karlberg and Mrals (1998) rhetorical model.. The results show that both Michelle Obama and Ann Romney used ethos and pathos the most in their speeches to build trust with the audience and to show emotions. The thesis results also show that they are surrogates to the presidential candidates in the way that they can reach target groups that the candidates cannot and with this showing that the presidency is a two-person career where the presidential wife to stands for the feminine side while the presidential post remains masculine. The results also show that political communication doesn’t have to be purely political, and that the media plays a major role in political communication today.

The storming of the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021, came to shock the entire world. An angry mob of Trump supporters had, after months of encouragement from President Trump, attacked the heart of American democracy in an attempt to overturn the results of the 2020 presidential election. The attempt failed, when a new president, Joe Biden, was inaugurated on January 20, 2021. The aim of this case study is to create an understanding of how President Donald Trump, his administration and allied Republicans tried to overthrow American democracy in connection with the 2020 presidential election, and why they didn’t succeed. Using Steven Levitsky and Daniel Ziblatt's 2018 book “How Democracies Die” as the theoretical framework of the thesis, an ideal-type definition of “how to overthrow a democracy” was formed. Based on this ideal-type definition, the source material, consisting of documents, social media posts, newspaper reports and transcribed speeches, was examined. The results indicate that President Trump largely fulfilled almost all signs and variables of the ideal-type definition, by spreading disinformation to systematically undermine election results, interfering with and pressuring institutions, such as the DOJ, to accept conspiracy theories of election fraud, inciting large-scale protests, refusing to condemn threats against government officials and refusing to stop the attack of the Capitol on January 6, 2021. The results also indicate that democracy survived mostly because of the brave civil servants and politicians who, even under threat, secured the election result and protected the democratic institutions during the 2020 presidential election and on January 6, 2021. But even though it's been a year since Trump's attempt to overturn the election results, democracy is still under attack. Trump´s strong hold on the Republican Party has resulted in, for example, the exclusion of Republicans who stood against Trump´s attempt to overthrow American democracy and the introduction of new election laws that make it harder for people to vote.

Background: Disclosure of sustainability within companies is voluntary and previous research shows that there are differences in disclosure within CSR reports that can be affected by various factors. GRI is the most used framework in the preparation of CSR reports. Although some countries use the same GRI framework, previous studies have shown that different countries' enlightenment levels as well as enlightenment information differ in sustainability.  Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the information in sustainability reporting within the “Industrial Industry” in Sweden and the USA. Moreover, the purpose is to make a comparison of how companies choose to report information and based on which aspects. Furthermore, the study will examine and compare the difference between the companies after their sustainability reports were prepared according to the latest GRI framework in both countries for the years 2018 and 2020. Method: The study performs a quantitative content analysis with a deductive approach to compare disclosure of sustainability information from Sweden and the USA for the years 2018 and 2020. The study examines 6 companies from each country and this resulted in 24 observations. The study's conclusions and results are presented using a t-test as well as descriptive statistics. Conclusion: The study could not determine if there are significant differences in the disclosure of sustainability reporting between the United States and Sweden for the years 2018 and 2020. The reason for this may be due to contradictions between results obtained by the study based on t-tests and descriptive statistics.

This dissertation is a degree project for a bachelor's degree at Media Producer Education, 180 credits, Umeå University. The study is about identifying and describing how the assistant roles differ from first, second and third and how the work is structured and distributed during a television and film production in Sweden, the United States and England. The study also shows the similarities and differences that exist between the countries. The report is initiated with a part in which the background to the study and the questions that gave rise to the study are presented. Then the method chosen for the study is presented. Through participation in a television drama production, interviews and literature studies have research material has been collected for the study. The conclusion of the study shows that in the United States and England the AD professions and what they include are pretty much the same, However, it differs in Sweden. In Sweden, the role of First AD is the same as in the United States and England, but the others have become more optimized to suit Swedish television or film production. In Sweden, the United States and England the First AD is the directors right hand person and the link between the crew and the director. The first AD is the one who controls the recording site and its main task is to lead and coordinate the film team and support the director in its work. A Second AD in the United States and England works directly under the First AD and acts as his or hers the right hand person. The second AD’s main task is to ensure that the First AD's directives is performed in time and by the right person, that the schedule for actors is held and put together every recording day's call sheet. In Sweden, the Second AD can act as the First AD right hand person, or have responsibility for the background actors. Then the Second AD under pre-production books extras for each scene, schedules costume tests and during production, the second AD has responsibility for the extras and directs the extras according to the director's wishes. In the United States and England the third AD works directly under the First AD and the Second AD and its main responsibility is to assist the First AD and Second AD. The Third AD is also the one that has the responsibility for the background actors. In Sweden, the Third AD works directly under the First AD and Seond AD, if the Second AD isn’t in charge of the background actors. However if the Second AD is in charge of the Extras, then the Third AD works closer to the first AD and fills up for the responsibilities that the Second AD would otherwise have. / Rapporten är ett examensarbete för en kandidatexamen vid Medieproducentutbildningen, 180 hp, Umeå Universitet. Studien handlar om att identifiera och beskriva hur regiassistentrollerna skiljer sig ifrån först, andra och tredje och hur arbetet struktureras och fördelas under en tv-produktion respektive filmproduktion i Sverige, USA och England. Studien visar även på de likheter och olikheter som finns mellan länderna. Rapporten inledes med en del där bakgrunden till studien och de frågeställningar som legat till grund för studien presenteras. Därefter presenteras metoden som valts för studien. Genom praktiskt deltagande i en tv-dramaproduktion, intervjuer och litteraturstudie har det samlats in underlag till studien. Resultatet av studien visar på att mellan USA och England skiljer sig yrkesrollerna och vad de innefattar nästintill ingenting, dock skiljer sig Sverige ifrån USA och England. I Sverige är FAD:ens roll den samma som i USA och England men de övriga har blivit mer optimerade för att kunna passa svensk tv-eller filmproduktion. I USA, England och Sverige är FAD:en regissörens högra hand och hen fungerar som en länk mellan filmteamet och regissören. FAD:en är den som styr inspelningsplatsen och dess viktigaste uppgift är att leda och koordinera filmteamet och stödja regissören i dess arbete. SAD:en I USA och England arbetar direkt under FAD:en och fungerar som hens högra hand. Dess huvuduppgifter är att se till att FAD:ens direktiv utförs i tid och av rätt person, att tidsplanen för skådespelare hålls och att göra i ordning varje inspelningsdags Call sheet, dagbesked. I Sverige kan SAD:en fungera som FAD:ens högerhand eller vara statistansvarig. Som statistansvarig arbetar SAD:en under förproduktion med att boka statister för varje scen, att styra upp mask och kostymprovningar. Under produktion har SAD:en ansvaret för att statisterna och SAD:en regisserar statisterna efter regissörens önskemål. I USA och England arbetar TAD:en direkt under FAD:en och SAD:en och dess huvudansvar är att assistera FAD:en och SAD:en. Ett huvudansvar som faller på en TAD i USA och England är att vara statistansvarig. I Sverige arbetar TAD:en direkt under FAD:en och SAD:en, om SAD:en inte fyller rollen som statistansvarig. Fyller däremot SAD:en rollen som statistansvarig, arbetar TAD:en närmare FAD:en än vad den gör SAD:en. TAD:en fyller då ofta upp för de funktioner som SAD:en annars skulle haft.

The purpose of this Master Thesis is to compare two American novel suites for young women, Louisa May Alcott‟s Little Women and Good Wives to Ann Brashares series of The Sisterhood of the Traveling Pants. The social status of women and children in the US during the 19th century is analyzed and compared historically and literary with the situation 130 years later.The main question is, what differences exist in the books and is there a connection between the changes in society and literature?The method of this Master Thesis is to make a comparative narratological analysis placed in a historical context.The result shows that the multiple character remains and enhances the identification process. Motherhood in the works of Alcott is prominent, whereas in the works of Brashares, sisterhood replaces motherhood.In Alcott‟s US during the 19th century, Christian faith was in the foreground. The goal for girls was the holy matrimony, followed by the sanctuary of heaven. Brashares depicts, in the 21st century, self-fulfilment to be aspired on earth.The strength of Alcott‟s portrayed sisterhood is weakened when marriage is consumed. In Brashares works, the love relationships are no longer the sole purpose of life and consequently not a competitor to the sisterly friendship.