Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2003. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references. Available also from UMI Company.

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O presente trabalho tem por objetivo, inicialmente, investigar os modos como Horácio organiza seus poemas e livros e como faz a passagem de um poema a outro, buscando seus antecedentes, seja na poesia grega, seja na latina. Concentra-se, depois, no livro de Epodos, que apresenta duas partes muito claras: a primeira do epod. 1 ao 10 e a segunda do epod. 11 ao 17. Tal divisão é a base da tese que se propõe a distinguir iambo de epodo na obra invectiva de Horácio, que se serviu não só dos modelos gregos, arcaicos e helenísticos, mas também de modelo latino. Do estudo que se fez decorrem alguns critérios da tradução proposta em verso: é a primeira tradução poética em português de todo livro dos Epodos. Recolhem-se, por fim, todas as traduções poéticas em português que foram encontradas, apresentadas por pequena introdução. / The initial objective of the present work is to investigate how Horace organizes his poems and books and how he operates the transition from one poem to the next. In order to accomplish that, his predecessors both in Greek as in Latin poetry were studied. Subsequently, it focuses on the Book of Epodes, which can be clearly be divided into two parts: the first, from epod. 1 to 10, and the second from epod. 11 to 17. Such division is the basis of this thesis, which proposes a distinction between iambus and epodes in Horaces invective work. Horace made use not only of Archaic Greek and Hellenistic but also of Latin models. From this study, some criteria for the proposed translation in verse were derived: this is the first poetic translation into Portuguese of the whole Book of Epodes. Finally, all the poetic translations into Portuguese that could be found were gathered and they are preceded by a brief introduction.

O presente trabalho tem por objetivo, inicialmente, investigar os modos como Horácio organiza seus poemas e livros e como faz a passagem de um poema a outro, buscando seus antecedentes, seja na poesia grega, seja na latina. Concentra-se, depois, no livro de Epodos, que apresenta duas partes muito claras: a primeira do epod. 1 ao 10 e a segunda do epod. 11 ao 17. Tal divisão é a base da tese que se propõe a distinguir iambo de epodo na obra invectiva de Horácio, que se serviu não só dos modelos gregos, arcaicos e helenísticos, mas também de modelo latino. Do estudo que se fez decorrem alguns critérios da tradução proposta em verso: é a primeira tradução poética em português de todo livro dos Epodos. Recolhem-se, por fim, todas as traduções poéticas em português que foram encontradas, apresentadas por pequena introdução. / The initial objective of the present work is to investigate how Horace organizes his poems and books and how he operates the transition from one poem to the next. In order to accomplish that, his predecessors both in Greek as in Latin poetry were studied. Subsequently, it focuses on the Book of Epodes, which can be clearly be divided into two parts: the first, from epod. 1 to 10, and the second from epod. 11 to 17. Such division is the basis of this thesis, which proposes a distinction between iambus and epodes in Horaces invective work. Horace made use not only of Archaic Greek and Hellenistic but also of Latin models. From this study, some criteria for the proposed translation in verse were derived: this is the first poetic translation into Portuguese of the whole Book of Epodes. Finally, all the poetic translations into Portuguese that could be found were gathered and they are preceded by a brief introduction.

Cette thèse de doctorat porte sur la mendicité et la figure du mendiant dans la littérature grecque, d’Homère jusqu’au philosophes cyniques. Quatre familles de mots servent de point de départ à cette étude : πτωχός « le mendiant », ἀγύρτης « le prêtre mendiant », ἀλήτης « vagabond », πλάνης « le rôdeur » et la triade ἐπαίτης, προσαίτης, μεταίτης « le quémandeur ». Le hasard de la conservation veut que les attestations de la mendicité dans la littérature grecque se cantonnent au corpus poétique. Or, par sa dimension pragmatique, la poésie grecque reste liée à son contexte d’origine, en traitant toujours de problématiques sociales qui lui sont contemporaines. Notre travail se propose d’étudier dans quelle mesure les représentations littéraires et esthétiques de la mendicité sont investies d’une fonction sociale. Notre thèse adopte trois perspectives méthodologiques : une étude lexicale de la mendicité examinant les jeux de synonymie et les connotations, un examen des fonctions littéraires et dramatiques du personnage, tantôt catalyseur de l'action, tantôt vecteur d'émotions, et une analyse sur son rôle argumentatif dans les réflexions politiques et morales sur la pauvreté au IVème siècle. Le motif de la mendicité permet aux Grecs d’envisager un certain type d’exclusion civique, et en contre-point, d’appréhender la nature du lien social. Une étude chronologique montre que ce personnage, initialement contre-modèle du parfait citoyen, devient aux moments de grands bouleversements économiques un personnage attachant, permettant à la cité de réintégrer symboliquement les pauvres et de prôner indirectement la solidarité collective. / This study/PhD thesis is focused on the beggary and the beggar in Greek literature, from Homer to the cynicism. At the beggining, I am dealing with the study of four word groups : πτωχός ‟beggar”, ἀγύρτης ‟begging priest”, ἀλήτης ‟vagabond”, πλάνης ‟wanderer” and ἐπαίτης, προσαίτης, μεταίτης ‟almsman”. The preserved corpus of Greek literature with mention of the beggary is fortuitously restricted to poetry. By her pragmatic function, ancient Greek poetry remains connected with contemporary social problems. My work's aim is to investigate how literary and aesthetic representations of the beggary have a social function. I adopted three methodological perspectives: a semantic study of the beggary (synonyms and connotations), an study of the literary and dramatic functions of that character (sometimes action accelerator, sometimes factor of emotions), and an analysis of his argumentative role in political and moral reflexions about poverty during the fourth century B.C. The motive of the beggary enabled Greek people to consider a type of civic exclusion, and in parallel, to apprehend the nature of the social cohesion. A chronological approach shows that this character, previously a counter-model of the perfect citizen, becomes - when big economical changes arrive - an endearing character, who symbolically reinstates excluded people in the city and indirectly promote public solidarity.

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