The study discusses sustainable development of events and the research displays that this is often connected to mega events or the work of specific destinations. The events Eurovision Song Contest and the Ice Hockey World Championships are therefore chosen because of their size, impact in both media and visitors and the lack of theory regarding their sustainability. The specific cases chosen are Eurovision in Malmö 2013 and Stockholm 2016, the 2013 Ice Hockey World Championship in Stockholm with help from the 2014 Junior Ice Hockey World Championship in Malmö. The purpose of this study is to analyze the host destinations and the national organization Swedish Ice Hockey Association’s work with sustainability regarding social, economic and ecological aspects and if and how that work impacts the host communities in the long run. Also, how the relationship with the head organizations who are the owners of the events, European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and the International Ice Hockey Federation (IIHF), functions regarding sustainability. This is examined by 11 qualitative semi-structured interviews with key individuals for both events which is then analyzed against what the research and literature points to regarding social, economic and ecological with a clear focus on sustainability.This study shows that the work with sustainability was very well conducted at Eurovision in both Malmö and Stockholm where Malmö even got the parts they were responsible for ISO-certified. The idea was also a part of the Worlds in Stockholm and the Junior Worlds in Malmö but there are opportunities for development. Particularly the question of how well the effects of the events hold up afterwards as there is no clear follow-up to initiatives and values discussed during the events. It is made clear that the focus on sustainability is foremost something insisted by the host destinations and in some part by the Swedish Ice Hockey Association as there is a lack of both focus and guidelines on the subject from the head organizations. A focus on sustainable events from the host destinations could be positive both during the bidding process and implementation as it contributes to a greater competitiveness. The initiative from public organizations such as host destinations and national sports organizations may be the driving force in pushing head organizations to be more sustainable. For a successful sustainable development of both events the entire organization, both the head organizations and the host destinations, behind these events needs to have the same perspective on sustainability and work towards the same goal. This study is written in Swedish. / Studien diskuterar hållbar utveckling av evenemang och forskningsöversikten visar att detta oftast kopplas till megaevent eller specifika destinationers arbete. Evenemangen Eurovision Song Contest och Ishockey-VM väljs därför ut i den här studien på grund av deras storlek, genomslag i både medier och besökare och bristen på teori gällande deras hållbarhet. Fallen som diskuteras är Eurovision som ägde rum i Malmö 2013 och i Stockholm 2016 och Ishockey-VM i Stockholm 2013 (A-VM) med hjälp av Junior-VM 2014 i Malmö. Syftet för studien är att analysera värddestinationernas och den nationella organisationen Svenska Ishockeyförbundets arbete med hållbarhet inom sociala, ekonomiska och ekologiska aspekter. Relationen med huvudorganisationerna och tillika ägare av evenemangen European Broadcasting Union (EBU) och Internationella Ishockeyförbundet (IIHF) undersöks också gällande deras arbete med hållbarhet. Studiens empiri samlas in genom 11 kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer med nyckelpersoner för de båda evenemangen. Empirin analyseras sedan med hjälp av den forskning och litteratur som finns gällande social, ekonomisk och ekologisk hållbarhet.Studien visar att det arbetades väldigt bra med hållbarhet under Eurovision i både Malmö och Stockholm där Malmö Stad till och med ISO-certifierade alla delar de själva var ansvariga för. Tänket fanns även under A-VM i Stockholm och Junior-VM i Malmö men där finns det utvecklingsmöjligheter. Främst frågan om hur väl effekterna kvarstår efter evenemangen då det inte finns någon tydlig uppföljning på de initiativ och värderingar som diskuterades under själva eventen. Tydligt är dock att hållbarhetstänket i första hand är något som drivs av värddestinationerna och till viss del de nationella organisationerna. Det råder nämligen brist på både fokus och riktlinjer gällande hållbarhet hos de båda huvudorganisationerna. Hållbarhetsfokus på evenemang från värddestinationer kan vara positivt både under ansökning och genomförande då det bidrar till större konkurrenskraft. Initiativet från offentliga aktörer som värddestinationer och nationella sportorganisationer kan vara en drivande kraft i att uppmana huvudorganisationer till att arbeta mer hållbart. För en framgångsrik hållbar utveckling av de båda evenemangen behöver hela organisationen, både huvudorganisationerna och värddestinationerna, bakom de båda evenemangen ha samma perspektiv på hållbarhet och arbeta mot samma mål.

TITLE: Education of skating for preschool children AUTHOR: Lada Žáčková DEPARTMENT: Physical Education Department SUPERVISOR: PaedDr. Ladislav Pokorný ABSTRACT: This master thesis mapping of skating lessons for preschool children. It's include specific preschool age, education concept, training and movement preschool children, methodics of skating and skate's preparations of lessons. The aim of this work was mapping of teaching basic skate's elements which it's organized different institutions, whether the children achieved comparable results, if they have same items and same level from beginner, whether proposed model of instruction used in other skating sports and if they reach a certain level of skating. On the basic of finding, coach's experience and literature it's suggested optimal model 's education of skating for preschool children, which it's verification and comparing in practise. Work is based on a questionnaire survey among coaches and experiment in this age group. The results of my work responded positively to the requirements. KEYWORDS: child, preschool age, education concept, Framework educational program, methodic of skating, training plan, figureskating, ice hockey, speed skating, skating course

Bakgrund: Den ökade användningen av sociala medier har lett till att de i allt större utsträckning används som varumärkesbyggande verktyg för företag och organisationer. Den ökade kommersialiseringen som skett inom elitidrott har lett till att även elitidrottsklubbar avser att stärka sina varumärken. Tidigare forskning visar att elitidrottsklubbar bör utnyttja sociala medier för att främja och stärka relationen med supportrar och kunder, eftersom det på lång sikt bidrar till ökade intäkter för klubben. I en svensk kontext är forskningen om elitidrottsklubbars varumärkesbyggande i sociala medier däremot ytterst begränsad. Med anledning av denna kunskapslucka krävs ytterligare studier om hur svenska idrottsklubbar använder sociala medier för att stärka sina varumärken. Syfte och frågeställningar: Studiens syfte är att undersöka hur och varför svenska elitidrottsklubbar använder sociala medier som varumärkesbyggande verktyg. Vilka syften har användningen av sociala medier för en svensk elitidrottsklubb och hur uppfylls dem? Vilka förtjänster och utmaningar medför användningen av sociala medier som varumärkesbyggande verktyg i kontexten av svensk elitidrott? Vad för innehåll publicerar en svensk elitidrottsklubb på sociala medier och hur påverkar det klubbens fans? Genomförande: Studien har kombinerat en kvantitativ och kvalitativ forskningsstrategi. Innehållsanalyser av en fallorganisations publicerade material på sociala medier, samt en kvalitativ semistrukturerad intervju har utförts för att fylla studiens syfte. Resultat: Sociala medier är viktiga verktyg för att bygga och fördjupa relationen, samt skapa lojalitet mellan klubben och dess fans och kunder. Sociala medier fyller också direkta ekonomiska syften. Studien har även påvisat tydliga utmaningar som klubbar ställs inför. Utmaningar som till stor del grundar sig i brist på enhetlig syn på hur och varför socialamedier ska användas. / Problem definition: The emergence of social media has resulted in that companies to a bigger extent uses them as brand management tools. The increased commercialization in professional team sports led to the fact that professional sports clubs aim to strengthen their brands. Previous research shows that professional sports clubs should take advantage of social media to promote and strengthen relationships with fans and customers, since it will result in increased revenues for the club in the long term. In a Swedish context, however, the research about professional sports clubs’ brand management in social media is extremely limited. Due to this research gap, further research studying Swedish professional sports club’s brand management in social media is eligible. Aim and research questions: The purpose of this study is to examine how and why Swedish professional sports club use social media as a brand management tool. What are the purposes of using social media as a brand management tool for a Swedish professional sports club and how are they fulfilled? What benefits and challenges entails he use of social media as brand management tool in the context of professional Swedish sports? What content is published by professional Swedish sports club on social media and how does it affect its fans? Methodology: This study has combined a quantitative and qualitative research strategy. Content analysis of a case organization's material published on social media, as well as qualitative semi-structured interviews have been conducted to fulfil the purpose of this study. Findings: Social media are important tools for building and deepening the relationship, as well as creating loyalty, between the club and its fans and customers. Social media also fills direct economic purposes. This study has also highlighted clear challenges that sports clubs face when using social media. These challenges are to a big extend due to lack of unanimous views on how and why social media should be used.

Au hockey sur glace, les évaluations physiques utilisées jusqu’à présent sont peu spécifiques à la tâche des joueurs et elles comprennent plusieurs limitations pour la prédiction de performance. La capacité d’accélération et de vitesse maximale en patinage sont grandement liées à la performance des joueurs et seulement certaines évaluations physiques hors glace ont montré des associations avec ces variables. Peu d’études ont considéré l’implication musculaire spécifique de la hanche qui est particulièrement sollicitée pendant le cycle de patinage. La science des données et l’utilisation d’outils d’apprentissage automatique ont connu un essor ces dernières années dans le milieu sportif. Elles ont montré de bonnes capacités prédictives et permettent de reconnaître des relations complexes et non linéaires entre les variables, pouvant surpasser les modèles statistiques standards et l’intuition humaine. Notre objectif principal est de prédire la performance en patinage chez les joueurs de hockey sur glace avec des évaluations physiques hors glace au moyen de modèles d’apprentissage automatique. Nous avons utilisé les données d’évaluations physiques de 72 athlètes effectuées lors des évaluations combinées de la Ligue de Hockey Junior Majeur du Québec. Nous avons utilisé l’accélération et la vitesse de patinage avant et arrière comme variables cibles. Les évaluations physiques standards effectuées lors de cette journée ainsi que la force isométrique maximale développée à l’articulation de la hanche pour ses six degrés-de-liberté ont été les variables d’entrées pour un modèle linéaire (LassoCV) et un modèle non linéaire (xgboost). Nos modèles d’apprentissage automatique montrent de bonnes prédictions pour les variables de vitesse avant en montrant une erreur absolue moyenne en pourcentage (MAPE) inférieur à 2,96±2,15%, tandis que les erreurs de prédiction pour les variables d’accélération et de vitesse arrière demeurent élevées (MAPE : > 4,46±4,15%). Le saut en longueur et la force isométrique en flexion de la hanche ont montré le plus d’importance pour l’accélération sur 5 mètres (5F et 5B) et la vitesse sur 30 mètres en patinage dans les deux directions (30F et 30B). Suite à une validation des modèles, les entraîneurs pourraient donc utiliser les résultats obtenus aux évaluations physiques pour développer la performance en vitesse maximale avant des joueurs de hockey sur glace. / In ice hockey, the physical assessments used to date are not very specific to the task of ice hockey players and may have several limitations for predicting performance. Acceleration ability and maximum speed are highly related to player performance and only some off-ice physical assessments showed associations with these variables. Few studies have considered involvement of specific hip muscles, which are particularly solicited during the skating cycle. The data science and the use of machine learning tools have grown in recent years in the sports community. It has shown to improve prediction and has the ability to recognize complex and non-linear relationships between variables, and thus, can outperform standard statistical models and human intuition. Our main objective is the prediction of skating performance of ice hockey players with physical assessments and the use of machine learning models. We used data from physical assessment of 72 athletes who attended at the combine of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League. We used acceleration and speed in forward and backward direction as target variables. The standard physical assessment performed on that day and isometric hip joint strength developed on its six degrees of freedom were input variables for a linear (LassoCV) and a non-linear (xgboost) model. Our machine learning models show good prediction errors by showing a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of less than 2.96±2.15% for the forward speed variables, while the prediction errors for acceleration and backward speed variables remain high (MAPE: > 4.46±4.15%). The broad jump and the isometric strength developed in hip flexion showed the most importance for acceleration over 5 meters (5F and 5B) and sprint over 30 meters (30F and 30B) in both skating directions. After validation of the models, coaches could use the results of these physical assessments to develop maximum forward speed performance of ice hockey players.

The thesis deals with the transformation and the new proposal of the functional use of the area Za Lužánkami in the cadastral area Ponava of the Královo Pole district in Brno. The area is defined by the streets Sportovní, Drobného a Tř. Generála Píky. The aim of the thesis is the urban design of the sports and multifunctional complex in Brno for Lužánky and demonstrate the viability and sustainability of the sports complex in the 21st century and the proposal of the contemporary structure of the municipal sports and multifunctional complex including related functions and public space.

The project of the Sports and Leisure Centre Brno is dealing with the issue of creating a well functioning sports and recreational complex in Brno. The main subject of this thesis is a modern multifunctional arena with a capacity of 9 800, which is a part of the complex. The multifunctional arena is located alongside the main composition axis, which stretches from West to East through the Rybníček street to the football stadium. The arena contains dressing rooms for the ice hockey home team and visiting team as well as the youth ice hockey teams. The arena can serve multiple purposes and can be used for other sport and cultural events and as a result it also contains backstage areas and large storage rooms.

The aim of this diploma thesis is the design of the roofing of an ice hockey stadium situated in Žďár nad Sázavou. Plan view dimensions are 55 m x 77 m. The structural height of the roof varies from 10 to 17 m. The roof itself consists of pipe truss girders with a span of 55 m, which are supported by columns on each side. The girders are suspended by a load-carrying arch with a span of 96 m and a camber of 29 m through a system of pre-stressed cables. To determine the internal forces, structural analysis software Scia Engineer was used. Individual elements were then manually designed.

The title: The gymnastic preparation of children in sport games The object: The object of this work is the finding how gymnastic preparation in the sport games in football and ice hockey looks like, how often do the trainers input the gymnastic preparation in their year training plan and what difficulties ensue from the realization of gymnastic preparation in the sport games. Methods: In this work I used questionaire method in order to find out the opinion and reflex of ice hockey and football trainers on subject of gymnastic preparation in sport games. In the case of misunderstanding I extended information through the use of dialogue. The theoretical part is processed by the use of specialized literature and internet resources. The results: I used the results from the questionaires and dialogues. It was found that ice hockey and football trainers input the gymnastic preparation in the year training plan and there are differences between ice hockey trainers and football trainers. Key words: gymnastic preparation, sport games, ice hockey, football, gymnastic preparatory of sportman, off - ice training, affecting factors of gymnastic.

The aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the media coverage of Rytiri Kladno ice hockey club during two extraleague qualifications. The qualitative research is based on concepts of framing and news values. The sample contains four online news websites in two seasons. Three of these websites are parts of large media houses, one of them is focused solely on ice hockey. The aim of this thesis is to describe, how media outputs related to Rytiri Kladno were framed. The frames are described in analytical part, that is concluded with summarization of its findings. Conclusion summarizes the framing analysis results and compares the findings with current academic knowledge of framing and sports journalism in general.

Not all goals in the game of ice hockey are created equal: some goals increase the chances of winning more than others. This thesis investigates the result of constructing and using a reward function that takes this fact into consideration, instead of the common binary reward function. The two reward functions are used in a Markov Game model with value iteration. The data used to evaluate the hockey players is play-by-play data from the 2013-2014 season of the National Hockey League (NHL). Furthermore, overtime events, goalkeepers, and playoff games are excluded from the dataset. This study finds that the constructed reward, in general, is less correlated than the binary reward to the metrics: points, time on ice and, star points. However, an increased correlation was found between the evaluated impact and time on ice for center players. Much of the discussion is devoted to the difficulty of validating the results from a player evaluation due to the lack of ground truth. One conclusion from this discussion is that future efforts must be made to establish consensus regarding how the success of a hockey player should be defined.