Over the course of Theocritean scholarship there has been a tendency to try to fill the narrative gaps that he leaves in his poems, and this tendency has led to various interpretations of each of the Idylls. While some see this as a puzzle to be solved, a sort of literary exercise for Theocritus' fellow poetae docti and the erudite court of Ptolemaic Alexandria, this study will examine these narrative gaps as opportunities for each audience member to explore his or her own beliefs, especially regarding love. Theocritus does not lead his audience to a specific conclusion, but he only raises questions. This study shows how the Idylls pose questions that correlate with those that Plato and Hellenistic philosophers address in their discussion of love. Is love a divine blessing, madness, or both? What are the symptoms of lovesickness? Can lovesickness be cured? Is passion part of human nature? What are the benefits of love? Once the reader has in mind the questions that are raised in philosophy and the earlier poetic tradition, it becomes clear that Theocritus is posing the same questions. He uses the images of love in the poetic tradition to explore these topics in a way that conjures allusions to philosophical texts. Once I have examined the poetic and philosophical background, I turn to the Idylls themselves. I organize my discussion of the poems according to the three types of lovers in Plato's Symposium: procreators, poets, and immortals. Procreators are those who seek to give birth in the body, for example Simaetha in Idyll 2. These lovers are portrayed as afflicted with lovesickness without a viable cure, and as treading the line between animal and human. Poets give birth in the mind with their poetry, for example the speaker of Idyll 12. Although suffering from lovesickness, poets have a remedy, poetry. Finally, immortals give birth to true virtue, such as the Ptolemies in Idyll 17. These monarchs are so loved by the gods for their virtue that they are made immortal and are allowed to live on Olympus with the gods. The layers of meaning revealed in the allusions to the poetic and philosophical traditions do not show Theocritus as promoting a favorite doctrine, rather, he promotes questions about desire, lovesickness, remedies, humanity, persuasion, the power of poetry and immortality. When we look at Theocritus as a heuristic poet, we can better understand the value of his poetry and his mastery in using narrative gaps to raise questions for his audience.

Submitted by Luiz Fernando Garcia null (luizfernandg@yahoo.com) on 2018-02-08T17:05:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 O IDÍLIO ENTRE A TRADIÇÃO E A MODERNIDADE.pdf: 5341547 bytes, checksum: 03c4e0506b85489568763230e0c0962e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Luiza Carpi Semeghini (luiza@assis.unesp.br) on 2018-02-08T17:38:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_lf_dr_assis.pdf: 5341547 bytes, checksum: 03c4e0506b85489568763230e0c0962e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-08T17:38:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 garcia_lf_dr_assis.pdf: 5341547 bytes, checksum: 03c4e0506b85489568763230e0c0962e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-01-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Partindo de pressupostos teóricos do Comparatismo como forma de investigação que se situa "entre" os objetos que analisa, e dos conceitos de releitura tão característicos da Modernidade, este trabalho propõe o estabelecimento de relações entre o romance Amar, verbo intransitivo (1927) de Mário de Andrade (1893-1945), que tem como subtítulo a designação de "Idílio" e obras de Teócrito, Gessner e B. de Saint-Pierre, pertencentes ao mesmo gênero literário, tomando como ponto de partida a questão do gênero. Este procedimento tem como objetivos verificar não somente a procedência do ceticismo da crítica literária em relação a este subtítulo, como também as razões que levaram o autor a utilizá-lo e a mantê-lo até mesmo na versão final da obra. Neste percurso, o próprio gênero literário "Idílio" também se constitui como objeto de estudo deste trabalho, pois as obras acima citadas revelam não somente um gênero literário ativo e em evolução desde a Antiguidade greco-romana até o Sec. XX, mas também um gênero que se manifesta tanto na poesia quanto na prosa, mais especificamente , no gênero romance. / Based on postulates of comparative literature, that places itself between the objects analyzed, and new readings of traditional works, so dear to Modernity, this thesis aims at establishing relations between Mario de Andrade's (1893-1945) novel "Amar, verbo intransitivo" (1927), subtitle "Idílio", and works from Teocritus, Gessner and B. de Saint Pierre belonging to the same literary gender, at the same time that considers the questions involving this specific gender. This procedure aims at verifying not only why literary criticism has been so skeptical in relation to the subtitle "Idílio", but also the author's reasons in giving and mantaining it even in the final version of the work. In this way, also the literary gender "Idyll" becomes the object of study of the present thesis, as the works cited above reveal not only an active gender evolving from the Antiquity until the XXth century, but also a gender represented both in poetry and prose, in this case in the novel. / 1040/13

Arbetarstadsdelen Hagalund i Solna byggdes vid förra sekelskiftet och kom tidigt att anses förslummad men har sedan kåkstaden revs på 1960-talet omladdats till kulturhistorisk idyll. Som ett led i miljonprogramsbebyggelsen under tidigt 1970-tal byggdes nya Hagalund vilken snart kom att betraktas som nyslum. Mitt syfte är att analysera olika beskrivningar av gamla och nya Hagalund och undersöka varför en stadsdel kom att stämplas som ful, farlig och olämplig av utomstående men av de boende kom att upplevas som modern, trygg och bekväm. Jag har intervjuat arton personer som bor eller har bott i stadsdelen Hagalund och fått deras sense of place av sitt Hagalundsboende. Flera av familjerna har varit stadsdelen trogna i över 30 år och är in place med Hagalund. Mina observationer, tidningsartiklar och konstverk som beskriver Hagalund är annat bearbetat material. Min teoretiska grund bottnar i en klassdiskurs som är sprungen ur Pierre Bourdieus teorier om människors olika kapital och förmåga att positionera sig. Inom ramen för existerande sociala hierarkier får vissa människor mer inflytande och mer legitimitet än andra att karaktärisera och definiera platser så att dessa platsskildringar kommit att dominera över andra. Dessa dominerande beskrivningar har särskilt stämplat storskaliga miljonprogramsområden och andra miljöer som ansetts fattiga oavsett bebyggelsens ålder. Socialt uppskrivna miljöer betraktas oftast som mer trygga och idylliska medan personer som bor i socialt deklasserade områden riskerar att få sin identitet nedskriven. Mina informanter menar att de känts sig trygga och bekväma i Hagalund medan ryktet har varit oförtjänt. Jane Jacobs har sedan 1960-talet förespråkat kvartersstaden som stadsbyggnadsideal. Jag har valt att pröva hur hennes ideal har sammanfallit med förut-sättningarna i gamla och nya Hagalund och funnit att mina kvarboende informanters ideal inte sammanfaller med Jacobs ideal. Jag har också valt att pröva hur Gemeinschaft och Gesellschaft framrätt i samma stadsdel och funnit att det finns osynliga Gemeinschaft i ett för utomstående betraktat Gesellschaft. Gamla och nya Hagalund har varit drabbat av dåligt rykte, men sedan Solna stad satsat resurser på både den inre- och yttre miljön och alltfler fastigheter har ombildats till bostadsrätter har talet om Hagalund ändrats. Medias bevakning har tystnat och mina informanter som är sprungna ur det svenska folkhemmet kan nu som pensionärer finna ro i ett tryggt och väletablerat Hagalund.

This thesis consists of three original short stories: "August Morning," "Weekend Idyll," and "Free Ride." In addition, an appendix has been added which contains "Hamilton House Roundabout," the original version of "Weekend Idyll." It is included to illustrate the dramatic changes that can occur in the writing process. "August Morning" focuses on a young man's struggle to gain his freedom from his family, particularly his overbearing father. Whether or not he succeeds is ultimately up to the reader. "Weekend Idyll" follows a young woman as she tries to live a dream she has long believed in. Ultimately, her vision is shattered. The final story, "Free Ride," centers on a hapless teenager who finds happiness only in the exhiliaration of racing. Ultimately, it kills him. I wrote stories rather than an analysis primarily for practical reasons. As a teacher I found an exercise in writing more readily transferrable to my classroom.

They leave everything behind in the Netherlands;friends, family, jobs and careers in order to start a new life in what theycall the land of opportunities, namely Sweden. Here, in the county ofVärmland in a little, rural town named Hagfors they see a chance to a brighterfuture and the possibility of accomplishing a better quality of life. They wantto buy houses, start companies and explore a new way of life in this land ofpromises. While people are migrating from the Netherlands, inhabitants ofHagfors are moving out to big, urban cities that can offer more possibilities.This is the reality for many rural areas like Hagfors, they lose populationthrough out-migration. Despite the negative population trend, the municipalityregains some of its lost inhabitants through the international migration fromlarge Dutch cities. The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the practiceof place marketing has been used by Hagfors municipality in order to attractnew inhabitants from the Netherlands. Which place marketingstrategies have been utilized by Hagfors, how can the effect of theseapproaches be measured and how is the Hagfors brand perceived by the Dutch immigrants?These are the research questions that have been answered through qualitativeinterviews with municipal employees and Dutch immigrants. The results implythat Hagfors have marketed themselves through the internet and the EmigrationExpo in Utrecht but these strategies have not had any effect on the immigrants’motives for moving to the area. Instead of actively tryingto receive more immigrants to the area Hagfors municipality should invest timeand money on the Dutchmen who are already living in the area.The conclusion that Hagfors has not developed a brand platform has preventedthe Dutch immigrants from creating a uniform image of the brand.

Uppsatsen är en kvalitativ litteraturanalys som har gjorts tematiskt av den valda skönlitteraturen. Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka och diskutera två av Astrid Lindgrens verk utifrån motsatsparet realism och idyll. Vi kommer att analysera Emil i Lönneberga och Madicken, då båda böckerna ska utspela sig under samma tid, under början av 1900-talet. Böckerna utspelar sig under samma tid, dock utspelar sig den ena boken på landsbygden och den andra i stadsmiljö. Vi kommer också fördjupa oss i hur samhället och hushållen var i början av 1900-talet för att sedan jämföra det med Lindgrens böcker ifall hon skildrar det till dåtidens verklighet. Vi analyserar båda böckerna för att se hur realismen har sin relevans. Realismen är ett begrepp inom litteraturvetenskapen som är en strävan att skildra omvärlden så verklighetstroget som möjligt. Vi har också valt att undersöka om och hur dessa två skönlitterära böcker kan vara en inspiration för elevers egna realistiska skrivande.

The purpose of this study is to examine lifestyle migration as a cultural and everyday practice, with the emphasis being on observing how lifestyle changes from urban to rural are described, practiced and made meaningful by people who have left major Swedish cities behind, in favour of a life on the Gotlandic countryside. The empirical material has been collected through ethnographical methods and is based on observations and qualitative interviews with 13 individuals who all reside on farms and practice animal husbandry. Focus has been placed on the practices, conceptions and other expressions which are related to the informants’ animals and their keeping. The theoretical starting point of this study is phenomenological, where anthropologist Tim Ingold’s ideas of what it means to dwell are central. Also, the term authenticity and the concept of lifestyle migration are important tools to examine the collected material. The result of the study demonstrates that the idea of the rural idyll, in other words, the preconception of the countryside as a calm and harmonious refuge far removed from the stressful life of major cities, plays a large part in the in-migrants lifestyle migration. The informants’ decisions to move to the countryside, as well as their everyday practices once settled in, are characterised by these romanticised notions. The study also shows that the informants’ lives, with animals and their keeping, presents a series of unexpected challenges and difficulties that are not present in the preconception of the rural idyll. In reality, the informants experience more stress and even higher workloads in their rural everyday, than they were exposed to living their previous urban lifestyle. The animals and their care, however, provide a series of positive experiences and the interactions with the animals are seen as authentic and meaningful. The everyday interchanges with the animals become an important part of the informants’ being and wellbeing on the countryside. They are therefore crucial to their lifestyle migration.

This thesis advances knowledge of the diverse spatialities of gentrification by examining processes of change in coastal towns, drawing upon the case-study location of St Leonards-on-Sea, in the South East of England. Based on rich, empirical findings from semi-structured interviews, content analyses of local media sources, 2001 census data, and a household survey of 173 respondents, it is shown that processes of gentrification are unfolding in St Leonards. The findings suggest that it is beneficial to distinguish between coastal gentrification, and urban/rural gentrification. To emphasise this point, it is argued that there is merit in utilising the term coastification , in order to conceptualise the socio-cultural and economic transformations tied to in-migrants seeking the coastal idyll . The thesis disrupts some dominant theorisations of contemporary gentrification, identifying the presence of pioneer gentrifiers in a coastal town setting. It is contended that simply transferring the representations of urban gentrification to other socio-spatial locations along the urban-rural hierarchy is not a straightforward process. Therefore, gentrification-based regeneration policies should not be transferred in taken-for-granted ways from one location to another. A representation of coastification allows for a fuller appreciation of the effects of gentrification on coastal regeneration policies.

Au carrefour de la théorie des genres, de l’histoire littéraire et de l’herméneutique, ce travail entreprend de repenser le statut de l’idylle dans la littérature française du XIXe siècle. Allant à l’encontre du lieu commun selon lequel l’idylle ne serait plus, après André Chénier, qu’un genre figé dans des clichés définitivement anachroniques, il propose quelques outils conceptuels permettant d’analyser la dynamique actuelle des formes et des significations de l’idylle. La notion articule, au XIXe siècle, trois logiques majeures : une logique rhétorique, qui inscrit l’idylle dans une poétique des genres ; une logique historico-philosophique, qui, depuis le XVIIIe siècle, envisage l’idylle comme un mythe de l’origine et une figuration de l’Idéal ; une logique psychologique, enfin, issue de la révolution Romantique, qui définit l’idylle en termes d’illusion, de fantasme ou de rêve. Du fait même de cette complexité, l’idylle est un point d’observation privilégié des grandes mutations de la modernité. En brossant un panorama général des évolutions du genre au XIXe siècle et en interrogeant les références explicites à l’idylle dans certaines œuvres poétiques et romanesques majeures de Nerval, Hugo, Baudelaire, Mallarmé, Balzac et Zola, cet ouvrage propose un point de vue nouveau sur la crise de la subjectivité, sur la crise de la représentation littéraire et sur la redéfinition du traditionnel partage entre prose et poésie. / This work aims to re-think the status of the idyll in the French literature during the 19th century by combining theory of literary genres, literary history and hermeneutics. Objecting to the common-sensical idea that the idyll has evolved into a frozen genre full of anachronical clichés after André Chénier, it provides some conceptual ressources to analyze the actual dynamics of the idyll, both in terms of form and signification. The notion follows three main logics : a rhetorical one, which places the idyll into the poetic of literary genres, an historical and philosophical one, which, since the 18th century, considers the idyll as a cue of a mythical origin and an image of the Ideal, and lastly, a psychological one, born with the romantic revolution, which understands the idyll in terms of illusion, fantasies or dreams. Because of its intrinsic complexity, the idyll provides a priviliged point of view to examine the most important changes of the modern times. This work gives an overview of the evolution of the genre during the 19th century and examines the explicit references to the idyll made by Nerval, Hugo, Baudelaire, Mallarmé, Balzac and Zola in some of their major poetical works and novels. In doing so, it develops a new perspective on the crisis of the subjectivity, the crisis of literary representation and the redrawing of the traditional distinction between prose and poetry.

The modern Arabic term for national homeland, waṭan, derives its sense from the related yet semantically different usage of this term in classical Arabic, particularly in classical Arabic poetry. In modern usage, waṭan refers to a politically defined, visually memorialized territory whose expanse is cognized abstractly rather than through personal experience. The modern waṭan is the geopolitical locus of national identity. The classical notion of waṭan, however, is rarely given much geographical content, although it usually designates a relatively localized area on the scale of a neighborhood, town, or village. More important than geographical content is the subjective meaning of the waṭan, in the sense of its essential place in the psyche of an individual. The waṭan (also mawṭin, awṭān), both in poetry and other types of classical writing, is strongly associated with the childhood/youth and primary love attachments of the speaker. This sense of waṭan is thus temporally defined as much as spatially, and as such can be seen as an archetypal instance of the Bakhtinian chronotope, one intrinsically associated with nostalgia and estrangement. The waṭan, as the site of the classical self’s former plenitude, is by definition lost or transfigured and unrecoverable, becoming an attachment that must be relinquished for the sake of virtue and glory. This paper argues that the bivalency of the classical waṭan chronotope, recoverable through analysis of poetic and literary texts, allows us to understand the space and time of the self in classical Arabic literature and how this self differs from that presupposed by modern ideals of patriotism.