Introduction: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most commonly occurring sexually transmitted infection and is a necessary cause of cervical cancer. The progression from HPV infection to cervical cancer is incompletely understood. Innate immune response to HPV infection has recently been identified as a potential cofactor in this progression. This study examined potential association(s) between killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) and HPV infection. HPV concordance was estimated among heterosexual couples demonstrating the complexity of HPV infection.Methods: HPV concordance was cross-sectionally estimated in 29 heterosexual couples. A polymerase chain reaction based assay for KIR genotyping was developed and validated. 283 women from the Young Women's Health Study and 259 men from the HPV Infection in Men: A Prospective Cohort Study had HPV infection data and samples available for KIR genotyping. Associations between KIR genotype and haplotype with HPV prevalence, incidence and clearance were assessed.Results: Among 29 couples, prevalence for any HPV type was comparable between women 86.2% and men, 75.9%. Partial concordance was observed in 66% of the couples. Forty-one percent (41%) of couples had perfect concordance. A high degree of concordance was observed, however HPV type distributions differed in men and women. In women from the YWHS, KIR2DS5 was significantly associated with oncogenic HPV prevalence (Odds ratio [OR]: 0.56, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 0.31-0.99). Any HPV incidence was significantly associated with KIR2DL2 (Hazards Ratio [HR]: 2.11, 95% CI: 1.0-4.44), KIR2DS2 (HR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.13-5.24), KIR2DS3 (HR: 2.36, 95% CI: 1.16-4.81), and KIR haplotype B (HR: 2.48, 95% CI: 1.02-6.02). Women lacking KIR2DS5 had an increased risk of any HPV acquisition in the presence of KIR2DL2 (HR: 2.95, 95% CI: 1.28-6.86), KIR2DS2 (HR: 3.33, 1.39-7.99), or KIR2DS3 (2.77, 95% CI: 1.24-6.19). In Men, KIR2DS3 was significantly associated with increased probability of any HPV clearance (HR: 1.91, 95% CI: 1.04-3.49).Conclusions: This research contributes to our understanding of HPV infection dynamics through the assessment HPV type concordance in sexual partners. Additionally, through the development of an assay for KIR genotyping, we were able to identify associations with KIR gene positivity and HPV prevalence, incidence, and clearance in men and women.

The present study was undertaken to explore the relationship of cellular immunity to total serum ICE in an unselected sample of 278 healthy infants. Statistical analyses of infant history profiles and cellular immune and serum IgE determinations from cord blood and 10 month samples were performed using SPSSx. During the first year of life, the percent CD3, CD4, CD8, ERFC, and B-cell counts significantly increased and the CD4/CD8 ratio and responses to ConA and PW mitogens significantly decreased. Boys had lower percent CD8 cell counts and decreased responses to ConA and PW mitogens in cord blood. Cellular immune variable values were not associated with total serum ICE in any analysis. Early feeding method had no effect on 10 month serum IgE levels or cellular immune variables. Cord blood percent CD3 and CD4 cell counts were significantly decreased in infants with parental histories of asthma. In summary, (1) boys had a lower percent of suppressor T-cells and lower mitogen responses in cord blood (2) boys and girls reached similar levels for all variables by 10 months of age (3) infants with familial histories of asthma had fewer total and helper T-cells in cord blood.

We report an IgG (=immunoglobulin) electrochemical immunosensor using a newly synthesized redox-active ferrocenyl dendrimer of generation 2 (G2Fc) as a voltammetric transducer. The ferrocenyl dendrimer N(CH2CH2C(O)NHCH2CH2NHC(O)Fe(η5-C5H4)(η5-C5H5))(CH2CH2N(CH2CH2C(O)NHCH2CH2NHC(O)Fe(η5-C5H4)(η5-C5H5))2)2 (G2Fc) was used as a functional moiety to immobilize the antibody on the surface of the electrode. A sandwich immunosensor of the type IgG/Bovine serum albumin (BSA)/anti-IgG/G2Fc/glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated. The electrochemical properties of G2Fc were thoroughly studied in aqueous and non-aqueous electrolytes with varying scan rates. The incubation time was optimized for better analytical performance of the immunosensor. It is found that the developed amperometric immunosensor is sensitive to a concentration of IgG as low as 2 ng mL−1. / Dieser Beitrag ist aufgrund einer (DFG-geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.

The purpose of the present study was to determine if psychological stress, defined as academic examination stress, would systematically produce changes in immune parameters (immunoglobulin concentration) and psychological functioning. It was hypothesized that as examination stress occurred there would be an effect on immunological function consistent with heightened psychological activity/stress. Subjects were 23 master's and doctoral students in psychology who volunteered for the research project. All subjects were administered a series of psychological tests to measure stress, personality factors, emotional states, and anxiety levels. All tests were administered and.blood samples drawn over a period of 15 months across two lowstress and two high-stress periods. Immunological tests included white blood cell (WBC) differential count and radial immunodiffusion (RID) for the determination of concentration of different immunoglobulin classes (IgA, IgG, IgM) in serum. Data were treated to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with repeated measures, t /test for correlated samples correlational matrix between variables across assessments and discriminant function analysis. Results showed (1) increased immunoglobulin levels during periods of stress; (2) immunoglobulin G most consistently related to stress and probably most indicative of the stressed condition and biological resistance to stress; (3) anxiety related to external events; (4) increase in anxiety under stress; and (5) anxiety inversely correlated with emotional stability and coping skills while positively related to tension, increased number of somatic complaints, and obsessive-compulsive trends. Firm support was provided for the hypothesis that as stress occurred, there would be consistent changes in immunological functioning associated with heightened psychological activity/stress. It was concluded that a response pattern to stress was adaptive along both psychological- and immunological dimensions and that the concept of bodymind interaction was the most realistic approach to understanding the total response patterns.

Objective: To describe a sample that received human rabies postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) in Virginia as a result of animal exposures in 2002 and 2003 and to determine the extent to which PEP decisions were appropriate.Methods: PEP surveillance data were requested from 35 Virginia health districts within 5 regions. Retrospective chart review was used to gather demographic, exposure and source animal data from patient records and animal exposure reports. Descriptive statistics are presented. True exposures and appropriateness of PEP were defined using the 2004 Virginia Rabies Control Guidelines and the Recommendations of the 1999 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. The 2003 sample was analyzed for appropriateness of PEP because it was more representative than the 2002 sample. Stepwise syntax was created in SPSS utilizing 3 key decision variables and the 2004 Virginia Rabies Control Guidelines Algorithm for PEP decisions to determine appropriateness of PEP. Results: The 2002 and 2003 sample consisted of 838 PEP records, (73.6%) of 1139 PEP reported to the Division of Zoonotic and Environmental Epidemiology (central office of the Virginia Department of Health). Most PEP patients were young (mean 32.3 years) and had true exposures during spring or summer that resulted from approaching and handling a potentially rabid animal. Over half of the source animals were not captured. For the analysis of appropriateness, 55.2% (270/489) of PEP was appropriate, 22.5% (110/489) was inappropriate and 22.3% (109/489) of PEP had missing data on key decision variables. Inappropriate PEP primarily resulted from not true exposures [79% (87/110)]. Group exposures represented 42% more inappropriate PEP than individual exposures.Conclusion: Much PEP could be avoided in Virginia if more source animals were captured. The majority of inappropriate PEP occurred because PEP was given for exposures that were not true. New educational strategies for health care providers, public health personnel and the public are recommended to reduce the number of inappropriate PEP. Standardization of data collection methods, linking human and source animal data, computerization and formation of a central database are recommended to improve human rabies PEP surveillance in Virginia.

O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a transferência de imunidade passiva, saúde e o desempenho de bezerros colostrados com diferentes doses de imunoglobulinas provenientes do substituto de colostro SCCL&#174; ou colostro materno. Os animais foram separados das mães imediatamente após o nascimento. Cinquenta bezerros da raça holandesa (machos e fêmeas) foram alocados em blocos casualizados de acordo com sexo, peso ao nascer e data de nascimento e distribuídos em diferentes protocolos de colostragem: 1) 2L de colostro materno (2CM); 2) 4L de colostro materno (4CM); 3) 2L de colostro materno + uma dose do substituto de colostro (2MC1SC); 4) 2 doses substituto de colostro ao nascer (2SC); e 5) 2 doses substituto de colostro ao nascer + uma dose substituto de colostro entre 6 a 8 horas após nascimento (3SC). Foram colhidas amostras de sangue ao nascimento, antes do fornecimento do colostro (0h) e com 48h após a ingestão do colostro para avaliar a transferência de imunidade passiva. Durante o período de aleitamento os bezerros receberam 6L/d de sucedâneo, tiveram acesso ad libitum à água e concentrado e foram alojados em abrigos individuais, tipo tropical. O consumo de concentrado foi avaliado diariamente, e semanalmente avaliou-se o peso e medidas corporais. A saúde dos animais foi monitorada diariamente e a incidência de diarreia foi avaliada através do escore fecal. Durante o aleitamento as amostras de sangue foram colhidas a cada 14 dias, para determinação de proteína total, albumina, glicose, BHBA, AGNE e insulina. A transferência de imunidade passiva não foi afetada pelos protocolos de colostragem (P>0,05). No entanto, doses mais elevadas de colostro resultaram em maior ingestão de imunoglobulinas, porém reduz a eficiência aparente de absorção (P <0,0001). Da mesma forma, os protocolos de colostragem não afetaram os parâmetros de saúde como escore fecal (P=0,5873), dias com diarreia (P=0,3685), dias com febre (P=0,7072); número de tratamentos para diarreia (P=0,8499) e o número de tratamentos para pneumonia (P>0,005). No entanto, afetou o número de tratamentos contra tristeza parasitária bovina (P=0,0042). O peso médio e o GMD, assim como os parâmetros sanguíneos avaliados durante o aleitamento, não foram afetados pelos protocolos de colostragem (P> 0,05). O substituto de colostro avaliado no presente estudo pode ser uma alternativa ao colostro materno, uma vez que, tanto o colostro materno como o substituto de colostro foram eficientes na transferência de imunidade passiva, resultando em desempenho similar mesmo em condições de alto desafio sanitário. / The objective of the present study was to evaluate the passive transfer of immunity (PTI), health and performance of calves fed different doses of immunoglobulins from the SCCL&#174; colostrum replacer or maternal colostrum. The animals were separated from the mothers immediately after birth. Fifty holstein calves (male and female) were allocated in randomized blocks according to sex, birth weight and date of birth and were distributed among different colostrum feeding protocols: 1) 2L of maternal colostrum (2MC); 2) 4L of maternal colostrum (4MC); 3) 2L of maternal colostrum + one dose of colostrum replacer (1MC+1CR); 4) 2 doses of colostrum replacer (2CR) and 5) 2 doses of colostrum replacer given at birth + one dose of colostrum replacer given between 6 and 8 hours after birth (3CR). Blood samples were taken at birth, before colostrum fed (0h) and at 48h after colostrum intake to assess passive immunity transfer. Calves were individually housed and bucket fed 6L/d of milk replacer, and had ad libitum access to water and starter. Starter intake was measured daily, and weekly assessed weight and body measurements. Animal health was monitored daily and the incidence of diarrhea was assessed by fecal score. During the pre-weaning, blood samples were harvested every 14 days to for determination of total protein, albumin, glucose, BHBA, NEFA and insulin. The passive transfer of immunity was not affected by colostrum feeding protocols (P>0.05). However, higher doses of colostrum resulted in higher immunoglobulins intake, but lower apparent efficiency absorption (P<0.0001). Similarly, the colostrum feeding protocols did not affect health parameters (P>0.05), such as fecal score (P=0,5873), days with diarrhea (P=0,3685), days with fever (P=0,7072), number of treatments for diarrhea (P=0,8499) and number of treatments for pneumonia (P>0,005). However, affected the number of treatments for cattle tick fever (P=0.0042). The mean weight and ADG, as well as the blood parameters evaluated during pre-weaning were not affected by the colostrum feeding protocols (P> 0.05).The colostrum replacer evaluated in this study may be an alternative to maternal colostrum, once the, both maternal colostrum and colostrum replacer were efficient in the transfer of passive immunity, resulting in similar performance even under conditions of high sanitary challenge.

Um dos motivos do baixo desempenho dos animais está em falhas durante o processo de colostragem, pois ele pode apresentar baixa qualidade nutricional e microbiológica. Após esta fase inicial de vida, o desempenho das bezerras sofre influência direta do manipulador. Na intenção de identificar pontos falhos no processo de criação de bezerras, objetivou-se caracterizar o manejo destes animais, através do levantamento das principais práticas zootécnicas adotadas, avaliar a composição nutricional e microbiológica do colostro fornecido aos recém nascidos e as características do tratador de bezerras. Para caracterizar os sistema de criação de bezerras realizou-se uma entrevista com 179 produtores e/ou técnicos, abordando questões relacionadas a criação de bezerras, desde o manejo da vaca seca até o desaleitamento. Para caracterizar o colostro, foram colhidas 66 amostras, diretamente da ordenha de vacas recém-paridas ou do banco de colostro, com as quais realizaram-se análises bromatológicas e microbiológicas. A avaliação da atitude dos tratadores de bezerras foi realizada através de uma entrevista com 100 tratadores, a qual permitiu colher dados de auto-relatos do responsável pela criação de bezerras. A entrevista foi conduzida com base em questionário semi-estruturado, aplicado por um único entrevistador e direcionado ao tratador de bezerras. Os itens de atitude foram medidos e classificados de acordo com a resposta do entrevistado em uma escala de cinco pontos (Escala de Likert). Através do levantamento foi possível identificar pontos de melhoria na criação de bezerras, principalmente com as vacas pré-parto e acompanhamento dos partos, além de um melhor cuidado com o processo de colostragem desde a identificação da qualidade do colostro até o momento correto de oferecer o alimento ao recém-nascido. Práticas de manejo direcionadas a obtenção de colostro de boa qualidade devem ser priorizadas, além de cuidados com a higienização da colheita e armazenamento do mesmo, pois apenas 22,6% das amostras de colostro atendem a recomendação de qualidade nutricional e microbiológica. Assim, grande parte dos bezerros nesta população estudada está propensa a apresentar falhas na transferência de imunidade passiva e exposta a patógenos quando alimentados com colostro materno. Para algumas variáveis o tratador tem uma atitude positiva, porém na prática o comportamento realizado nem sempre é o mesmo. É possível que os tratadores de bezerras tenham componentes afetivos e cognitivos positivos, ou seja, já tiveram experiência anterior de sucesso com as práticas ou ainda, conhecem a importância técnica das principais ações na criação. Porém, o componente comportamental sobressai sobre algumas ações, levando-os a uma divergência entre a atitude e o comportamento. Programas voltados para educação, treinamento e fortalecimento do comprometimento dos colaboradores é um caminho interessante na tentativa de reduzir as falhas na criação de bezerras. / One cause of the low dairy calves performance is related to failures during colostrum feeding process, because it may have low nutritional and microbiological quality. After this initial period of life, the dairy calves performance is under direct influence of the handler. In an attempt to identify weak points in the dairy calves raising systems the study aimed to characterize the dairy calves management, through a survey of the main husbandry adopted practices, assess the nutritional and microbiological composition of colostrum and the calves handler attitude. To characterize the dairy calves raising system an interview with 179 producers and / or field technicians, addressing issues related to creation of calves from the dry cow management until weaning, was held. To characterize colostrum quality, 66 samples were collected directly from recently calved cows or colostrum bank, for chemical and microbiological analyzes. The evaluation of the attitude of calves handlers was conducted by interviewing 100 handlers, which allowed the collection of self-reported data. The interview was conducted based on a semi-structured questionnaire applied by a single interviewer and directed to calves handler. The items of attitude were measured and ranked according to the handler\'s response on a five point scale (Likert scale). Through the survey it was possible to identify areas for improvement in the dairy calves system of production, especially with pre-partum cows and monitoring of deliveries, and better care with the colostrum feeding process as to identifying the quality of colostrum to the correct feeding time for the newborn. Management practices aimed to obtain good quality colostrum must be priorities besides, care with sanitation during the harvest and storage of the same, since only 22.6% of colostrum samples meet the recommendation of nutritional and microbiological quality. Thus, most of the calves in the studied population are likely to present failures in the transfer of passive immunity and exposed to pathogens when fed colostrum. For some variables the handler has a positive attitude, but in practice the behavior performed is not always the same. It is possible that the calves handlers have positive affective and cognitive components, in other words, have had previous experience of successful practices or even know the technical importance of the main practices in dairy calves raising. However, the behavioral component stands on some actions, leading them to a divergence between the attitude and behavior. Programs for education, training and commitment of employees are an interesting way to reduce the low performance of dairy calves.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi avaliar a influência do envelhecimento e da perda dos elementos dentais nos níveis totais de imunoglobulina secretória do tipo A (SIgA) na saliva. Foram selecionados 76 pacientes (entre 20 e 87 anos), os quais foram divididos em três grupos de acordo com sua faixa etária e condição bucal: adultos jovens com idades de 20 a 40 anos (Grupo I ou Grupo controle); idosos com idade entre 65 e 78 anos, desdentados parciais, portadores de prótese total unimaxilar (Grupo II) e idosos com idade entre 65 e 87 anos, desdentados totais, portadores de prótese total bimaxilar (Grupo III). Os níveis totais de imunoglobulina secretória do tipo A na saliva foram determinados por meio da técnica de ensaio imunoenzimático em fase sólida ( ELISA – Enzyme-linked Imunosorbent Assay). Após obtenção dos dados experimentais foi empregada a análise de variância de ANOVA com dois fatores (sexo e grupo) para verificar o efeito significante da interação destes fatores. Os níveis totais de imunoglobulina do tipo A secretória na saliva não apresentaram, em média, diferenças significantes entre os três grupos. Em relação ao fator gênero, ou sexo, em média, homens e mulheres apresentaram comportamentos de SIgA diferentes nos grupos. Para o grupo controle o nível total de SIgA dos homens foi maior que o das mulheres enquanto que para o grupo III o nível total de SIgA das mulheres foi maior que dos homens e para o grupo II não foi observada diferença significante dos níveis de SIgA entre homens e mulheres. Pela análise comparativa dos grupos I e III foi observada diferença significante no sexo feminino, o que não foi observado quando comparados os dois grupos experimentais (Grupos II e III). Os resultados desta pesquisa sugerem que não há influência direta dos fatores envelhecimento e perda dental sobre os níveis totais de imunoglobulina secretória do tipo A na saliva. Estes resultados mostraram a influência do gênero sobre os níveis de imunoglobulina secretória do tipo A. Entretanto, a influência do gênero não é bem conhecida e merece mais estudos. / The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of senescence and teeth loss on secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) levels in saliva. Seventy-six patients (20 to 87 years old) were selected and classified in three groups according to their age and oral dental state: young adults were aged 20-40 years (Group I or Control group); elderly subjects were aged 65-78 years and wore maxillary or mandibular denture (Group II); and edentulous old subjects were aged 65-87 years and wore maxillary and mandibular denture (Group III). The secretory immunoglobulin A levels were determined by the Enzyme-linked imunosorbent assay (ELISA method). All results were correlated using ANOVA statistical analysis with two factors (sex and group) to verify the significant effect of these factors. The secretory immunoglobulin A levels were not significant differences among the average values of the three groups. In gender relation , men and women showed the mean rate of SIgA levels different in the groups. The men SIgA levels of control group showed greater when compared to women levels. In Group III the women levels were greater when compared to men levels. And to Group II statistical analysis demonstrated no significant difference between the SIgA levels of men and women. The analysis showed significant differences in the women levels when compared to Groups I and III. No differences of levels were demonstrated when compared to Groups II and III. These results suggests that the senescence and teeth loss do not have a direct relationship to the secretory immunoglobulin A levels in whole saliva. The se results showed that there is influence of gender in the secretory immunoglobulin levels. However, the influence of gender is not well known and further studies are still necessary.

No interesse de reduzir os efeitos adversos relacionados às vacinas veterinárias e induzir tipos específicos de resposta imune, levou-se o desenvolvimento de numerosos novos adjuvantes. Recentemente, houve o descobrimento de um peptídeo intracelular funcional obtido através do estímulo celular com INF- &#947;, denominado EL28, tendo como principais características a hidrossolubilidade e a biodegradebilidade e, porém, no momento carece de ensaios de imunoestimulação associados com vacinas com potencial de mercado \"in vivo\". Neste sentido, o presente estudo teve como objetivo verificar a atividade imunoestimulante do EL28, associado ao vírus rábico inativado (VRI). Realizou-se a produção do antígeno VRI, e prepararam-se formulações vacinais: VRI associado ao EL28, VRI associado com Al(OH)3 e VRI sem presença de adjuvante, para imunização de camundongos Balb/c e avaliação da resposta imune humoral. A produção de anticorpos IgG totais, IgG1 e IgG2a foram determinados pelo ensaio de ELISA indireto. E os anticorpos neutralizantes para o vírus rábico foram quantificados através do método RIFFT. Os resultados do ELISA indireto foram expressos como Dose Imunoenzimática 50% (DI50) e mostraram que não houve aumento na produção de anticorpos na resposta imune humoral (IgG totais) entre a vacina associada ao EL28 (DI50= 3,0 X 10-3&#181;L) e a vacina sem adjuvante (DI50=2,0 X 10-3&#181;L). As IgG2a e IgG1 estão relacionados ao perfil da resposta Th1 e Th2 respectivamente, e mostraram diferença significativa em relação ao título da IgG1 entre a vacina associada ao EL28 (DI50= 5,9x10-4&#181;L) e a vacina sem adjuvante (DI50=5,2x10-4&#181;L), enquanto para os títulos de IgG2a não houve diferença significativa entre essas vacinas. O perfil da resposta Th foi obtido através da razão entre IgG2a e IgG1, o qual demonstrou que em todas as imunizações, com e sem adjuvantes, tiveram resposta predominante do tipo Th2. O método de RIFFT mostrou um aumento na potência de anticorpos neutralizantes na vacina associada ao EL28 em relação à imunização dos animais sem nenhum adjuvante. Portanto, esses resultados demonstram aumento da especificidade na resposta imunológica da vacina associada ao EL28. Sendo assim, pelos resultados apresentados, a vacina de raiva associada ao EL28 possivelmente teria uma maior eficiência e segurança. / In the interest of reducing the adverse effects related to veterinary vaccines and inducing specific types of immune response, numerous new adjuvants have been developed. Recently, a functional intracellular peptide obtained through cellular stimulus with the INF-&#947;, named EL28, it have as main characteristics the water solubility and the biodegradability, but at the moment it lacks immunostimulation assays associated with potencial market vaccine \"in vivo\". In this sense, the present study aimed to verify the immunostimulatory activity of EL28, associated with inactivated rabies virus (IRV). It carried out the production of IRV antigen, and prepared vaccine formulations: IRV with EL28, IRV with Al(OH)3 and IRV without the presence of adjuvant, for immunization of Balb/c mice and evaluation of the humoral immune response. The production of total IgG antibodies, IgG1 and IgG2a were determined by the indirect ELISA assay. And neutralizing antibodies to rabies virus were quantified using the RIFFT method. Indirect ELISA results were expressed as 50% Immunoenzymatic Dose (ID50) and showed no increase in antibody humoral immune response (IgG total) between the EL28 associated vaccine (ID50 = 3.0 X 10-3&#181;L) and the vaccine without adjuvant (ID50 = 2.0 X 10-3&#181;L). The IgG2a and IgG1 are related to the profile of Th1 and Th2 respectively, and showed a significant difference in relation to the IgG1 titer between the EL28 associated vaccine (ID50 = 5,9x10-4&#181;L) and the non-adjuvant vaccine (ID50 = 5,2x10-4&#181;L), while for IgG2a titers there was no significant difference between these vaccines. The Th response profile was obtained by the ratio of IgG2a and IgG1, which showed that in all immunizations with and without adjuvant, were predominantly Th2 response. The RIFFT method showed an increase of the potency of neutralizing antibodies in the vaccine with EL28 in relation to the immunization of the animals without any adjuvant. Therefore, these results demonstrate increased specificity in the immune response associated with EL28 vaccine. Therefore, from the results presented, the rabies vaccine associated with EL28 would possibly have a greater efficiency and safety.

A presente dissertação é constituida de duas partes. A primeira parte teve como objetivo determinar o perfil antropométrico e o consumo alimentar de atletas de Tênis profissionais e amadores. Foram avaliados parâmetros antropométricos (massa corporal, altura, circunferências e dobras cutâneas) e o consumo alimentar pelo diário alimentar de 3 dias. Não foi observada diferença significativa no perfil antropométrico de atletas amadores e profissionais. Com relação ao consumo alimentar, ambos os grupos demonstraram baixa ingestão de carboidrato (CHO) (AM: 6,3±0,5 g/kg/dia e PRO: 6,5±0,7 g/kg/dia) quando comparada às recomendações atuais disponíveis na literatura. Estes dados reforçam a importância do planejamento nutricional para estes atletas. Na segunda parte, foi avaliado o efeito da suplementação de CHO sobre a percepção subjetiva de esforço (PSE), a resposta hormonal, a concentração de IgA salivar e o desempenho durante uma partida de Tênis com duração de 180 minutos. A PSE apresentou aumento no decorrer da partida, porém não foi detectada diferença entre as condições experimentais - placebo (PLA) e CHO (P>0,05). Com relação a PSE da sessão, a ingestão de CHO parece promover tendência de redução (P=0,08, d=0,5) após o término do jogo. O consumo de CHO atenuou a concentração de cortisol salivar (P<0,05). Não houve nenhuma influência da ingestão do CHO sobre a concentração de testosterona e IgA salivar. O desempenho dos tenistas também não foi maximizado pelo consumo de CHO. Estes resultados indicam que o consumo de CHO durante a partida de Tênis atenua o aumento do cortisol salivar e a percepção global de estresse / The present study is composed of two parts. The first part aimed to determine the anthropometric profile and dietary intake of professional and amateur tennis players. It was evaluated the anthropometric parameters (body mass, height, circumferences and skin folds) and the food intake by a 3 day food diary. There was no significant difference in the anthropometric profile of amateur and professional athletes. Regarding food intake both groups had a low carbohydrate (CHO) intake (AM: 6.3 ± 0.5 g / kg / day and PRO: 6.5 ± 0.7 g / kg / day) when compared to current recommendations available in the literature. These data reinforce the importance of nutritional planning for these athletes. In the second part of the present study, it was assessed the effect of CHO supplementation on the perceived exertion (RPE), salivary hormones, salivary IgA and performance during a tennis match lasting 180 minutes. RPE showed an increase during the match, but no difference was detected between the experimental conditions placebo (PLA) and CHO (p>0,05). Regarding session RPE, the CHO intake seemed to promote a trend to reduction (P = 0.08, d = 0.5) after the end of the game. The CHO intake also attenuated the salivary cortisol response to the match (P <0.05). There was no influence of CHO ingestion on testosterone and IgA responses. The players performance has not been maximized by the CHO supplementation. These results indicate that CHO intake during the Tennis match attenuates the increase in salivary cortisol and the overall perception of stress