A finalidade principal deste trabalho é o da obtenção de soluções numéricas de movimento de carga espacial livre em que as grandezas pertinentes dependem de mais de uma coordenada espacial (casos não unidimensionais). Mais especificamente, os problemas estudados versam sobre casos em que um eletródio plano a um dado potencial emite carga não uniformemente ao longo de sua extensão e procura-se obter a deformação das linhas de campo daí resultantes, no espaço até um outro eletródio aterrado disposto paralelamente ao primeiro. Um método baseado em soluções tentativas bem como um outro global usando a \"transformação hodográfica\" recentemente formulada por Budd e Wheeler são apresentados. E também realizado um estudo breve sobre a validade da muito empregada \"suposição de Deutsch\" / The aim of the present work is to obtain numerical solutions of free space charge motion in cases in which the pertinent quantites depend on more than one space coordinate (non uni-dimensional cases). More specifically, the problems under concern here are those in which a plane electrode, at a constant potential, emit charge in a non-uniform way along them and the resultant deformation of the field lines, in the space between it and another plane grounded electrode parallelly disposed, is looked for. A method based on guessed solutions and also a global one using the hodographic transformation recently developed by Budd and Wheeler are presented. A brief study of the validity of the often employed \"Deutsch assumption\" is also carried out

Orientador: Krunislave Antonio Nobilo / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-26T03:38:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Oliveira_DeiseLucianePaiva_M.pdf: 3669508 bytes, checksum: 7bfb9a84147c2aa0208a3c91c1d26d0e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000 / Resumo: Na construção de próteses totais e pistas deslizantes de Nóbilo são utilizados como referência para o plano Dclusal , o ponto anterior, ângulo entre os Incisivos Centrais Superiores e as papilas retromolares. Após mais de 20 anos de experiência clínica com excelentes resultados, esse trabalho objetiva determinar as correlações entre os planos de Camper e o plano oclusal de Nóbilo, entre o plano de Camper e o plano oclusal Natural, entre o plano de Nóbilo e o plano oclusal Natural verificando a validade da técnica utilizada. Selecionamos vinte e cinco pacientes dentados completamente, estando em dimensão vertical f.siológica, sem nunca terem se submetidos a tratamento ortodôntico. Os pacientes foram moldados. Os modelos foram confeccionados e analisados. Na arcada superior, colocou-se um dispositivo de resina acrflica ativada quimicamente com uma esfera de chumbo que guarda a localização do ângulo incisal entre os incisivos centrais superiores. Na arcada inferior também colocou-se um dispositivo com a mesma resina incluindo a esfera de chumbo que guarda a localização do centro, o ponto mais elevado da papila retromolar . Na face foram colocadas as esferas de chumbo sobre o ponto subnasal e tragus. Foram realizadas as teleradiografias, lado esquerdo e direito. Foram feitos os traçados cefalométricos e a análise entre o plano de Camper e o plano oclusal de Nóbilo; entre o plano de Camper e o plano oclusal Natural e entre o plano Nóbilo e o plano oclusal Natural, através de programa de Computação Gráfica Corei Draw. Os resultados obtidos permitiram concluir que a média de angulação encontrada entre o plano oclusal de Nóbilo e o Natural foi de 3,3297 o para o lado esquerdo e de 3,2742° para o lado direito; entre o plano de Camper e Nóbito foi de 5,2960° para o lado esquerdo e de 5,4013° para o lado direito; entre Camper e Natural foi de 1,9630° para o lado esquerdo e de 2,0127° para o lado direito, sendo que estatisticamente não houve diferença significativa entre os lados esquerdo e direito dos respectivos planos. O estudo da relação entre os planos de Camper e plano eclusal Natural nos permitiu a comparação com os valores da literatura que estão em média em torno de 5°, compatível com o tamanho das amostras. Dessa maneira, os valores obtidos nessa pesquisa estão mais próximos do paralelismo. O menor intervalo de confiança encontrado foi em relação ao plano de Nóbilo em relação ao Natural no valor de 0,77210 que determina uma menor variabilidade entre os indivíduos da amostra quando da análise desses planos. Verificou-se pelo teste Exato de Fisher a presença de 2% de plano oclusal reverso na análise entre o plano de Camper e Nóbilo, 4% em relação ao plano de Nóbilo e Natural e 30% em relação ao plano de Camper e Natural. O plano de Nóbilo pode ser adotado com segurança como referência, devido a sua menor variabilidade entre os indíviduos, pela baixa porcentagem de plano oclusal reverso, ou seja, pela sua reprodutibilidade / Abstract: The anterior mark, angle between the superior central incisors, and retromolar pad are used in the construction of total prostheses and NóbHo's gliding plates as reference to the occlusal plane. The aim of this work, after more than 20 years of clinical experience with excellents results, is to determine the correlation between Camper' plane and Nóbilo's occlusal plane, between Camper's plane and the Natural occlusal plane and between Natural occlusal plane and the Nóbilo's occlusal plane. Verifying then the validity of the technique that was used. We selected 25 pacients with complete dentition, in physiological vertical dimension, who had never submitted to an orthodontic treatment. The patients were molded. activated with a sphere of lead that keeps the incisal angle location between the The models were ma de and analysed. A device of Acrylic Resin chemically central superior incisors, was placed at the superior arcade. At the inferior arcade, a device with the same resin was also placed including the sphere of lead that keeps the central location the most elevated point of retromolar pad. On the face, spheres of lead were placed on the subnasal and tragus points. Radiographies were taken of both rtght and left sides. Also, cephatometric tracings and analysis were carried out between Camper's plane and Nóbilo's occfusal plane, between Camper's plane and the Natural ocelusal plane and between the Natural oeelusal plane and Nóbilo's oectusal plane by using Corei Draw, whieh is a graphie eomputer programo The results obtained after the statistical evaluation allowed us to eonelude that the mean angulation found was 3,3297° to left side and 3,2742° to rigth side between Nóbilo's occlusal plane and the Natural one; 5,2960° to left side and 5,4013° to right side between Camper's plane and Nóbilo's one and 1,9630° to left side and 2,0127° to right si de between Camper's plane and the Natural one, and there were no significant difference between lefi and right sides. This last one gave us the opportunity to compare values of the literature whieh are around 50' eompatible with the size of the samples. Thus, the values obtained in this researeh are eloser to parallelism. The lowest index of reliability found was 0,7721° in relaeion to the Natural plane and Nóbilo's one. This value determines a lower variability between the individuais of the sample when these planes are analysed. The presenee of 2% the reverse occlusal plane in the analysis between Camper's plane and Nóbilo's one , 4% in relation to Nóbilo's plane and Natural one, and 30% in relation to Camper's plane and the Natural one was verified by the Exact Test of Fisher. The Nóbilo's oeelusal plane can be accepted with seeurtty due your lower vartability between the individuais, a by lower percentage of the reverse occlusal plane, because your capable of being reproduced. / Mestrado / Fisiologia Oral / Mestre em Odontologia

This study it focused the vision of the work on the part of 4 (four) health plane workers of a private plan of located health in Fortaleza, in the CearÃ. It was materialize through the qualitative method and of the technique of the structuralized interview. The citizens had been of the feminine sort, had ages between 30 and 36 years and worked have, at least, 1 year in the health plane workers function. Questions had been distinguished that if had repeated in the scope of the diversity of the gotten material, longing for to interpret them. The analysis of the visions of participants to the work was developed in agreement the critical model of the basic dimensions of the task of Hackman and Oldham (1976) and psychological states: the direction that a person finds in the exerted function, the feeling of responsibility, the interpersonal knowledge of its performance in the work and relations. The ideas of Antunes (2005, 2006) and Codo had contributed to understand the content of this study (1993, 2002) on the work. The discoveries of this research, that cannot be generalized, are enclosed in the final consideration. Its results had indicated that the vision of the work on the part of the health plane workers of a health plan presented incoherence with its moral values, without autonomy, with great which had psychic load to the conflicts, with low return, also financial, not recognized or valued by the organization, however challenging, stimulant to the learning, not routine and useful to the customers and the society. / Este estudo focalizou a visÃo do trabalho por parte de 4 (quatro) autorizadores de um plano de saÃde privado localizado em Fortaleza, no CearÃ. Concretizou-se atravÃs do mÃtodo qualitativo e da tÃcnica da entrevista estruturada. Os sujeitos foram do gÃnero feminino, tinham idades entre 30 e 36 anos e trabalhavam hÃ, pelo menos, 1 ano na funÃÃo de autorizador. Destacaram-se questÃes que se repetiram no Ãmbito da diversidade do material obtido, almejando interpretÃ-las. A anÃlise das visÃes dos participantes concernentes ao trabalho foi desenvolvida conforme o modelo das dimensÃes bÃsicas da tarefa de Hackman e Oldham (1976) e os estados psicolÃgicos crÃticos: o sentido que uma pessoa encontra na funÃÃo exercida, o sentimento de responsabilidade, o conhecimento de seu desempenho no trabalho e as relaÃÃes interpessoais. ContribuÃram para entender o conteÃdo desse estudo as idÃias de Antunes (2005, 2006) e Codo (1993, 2002) sobre o trabalho. As descobertas desta pesquisa, que nÃo podem ser generalizadas, estÃo incluÃdas nas consideraÃÃes finais. Conclui-se, que o trabalho do autorizador à um trabalho com repercussÃes emocionais, gerador de instabilidade em seus contatos, com baixa cooperaÃÃo entre a equipe, causador de sentimentos de inseguranÃa e medo, com baixa autonomia e alta carga de ritmo nas tarefas executadas. Os resultados indicaram que a visÃo do trabalho por parte dos autorizadores de um plano de saÃde apresentou incoerÃncia com seus valores morais, sem autonomia, com grande carga psÃquica devido aos conflitos, com baixo retorno, inclusive financeiro, nÃo reconhecido ou valorizado pela organizaÃÃo, porÃm desafiador, estimulante ao aprendizado, nÃo rotineiro e Ãtil aos clientes e a sociedade.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Tendo em vista as mudanças ocorridas ao longo do tempo, provenientes dos avanços tecnológicos e contidas em todos os setores, a vida humana tem sido atingida significativamente. Particularmente, procura-se fazer uso dessas novas tecnologias, objetivando motivar a aprendizagem do indivíduo e nos métodos utilizados na educação. E no que diz respeito a consolidação no processo pedagógico, os softwares de matemática dinâmica têm como objetivo auxiliar os modelos tradicionais de ensino e contribuir para a evolução do cenário educacional. No Ensino Básico, espera-se que os alunos saibam utilizar essas ferramentas tecnológicas para uma melhor compreensão ou visualização de problemas geométricos. Dessa forma, o principal objetivo desta dissertação é apresentar algumas técnicas que contribuam como facilitadoras do entendimento de problemas geométricos relacionados à geometria plana com abordagem em situações variáveis, utilizando funções reais, o conceito de lugar geométrico e o software GeoGebra. Por fim, apresenta-se um acervo de dez problemas geométricos relacionados mais intimamente com os conceitos de lugar geométrico, de máximo e de mínimo, nos quais servirão como referencial para os professores e alunos que desejam explorar essa poderosa ferramenta chamada GeoGebra. / In view of the changes over time, from the technological advances and contained in all sectors, human life has been affected significantly. In particular, one seeks to make use of these new technologies, aiming to motivate learning of the individual and the methods used in education. And, with regard to consolidation in the educational process, the dynamic software are designed to help traditional models of education and contribute to the development of the educational setting. In basic education, it is expected that students know how to use these technological tools for better understanding and visualization of geometric problems. Thus, the main objective of this dissertation is to present some techniques that contribute to facilitating the understanding of geometric problems related to the flat geometry approach to changing situations using real functions, the concept of locus and GeoGebra software. Finally, we present a collection of ten related geometric problems more closely with the concepts of locus, maximum and minimum, in which will serve as a reference for teachers and students who wish to explore this powerful tool called GeoGebra.

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(工学) / 甲第18588号 / 工博第3949号 / 新制||工||1607(附属図書館) / 31488 / 京都大学大学院工学研究科マイクロエンジニアリング専攻 / (主査)教授 田畑 修, 教授 西脇 眞二, 准教授 土屋 智由, 教授 引原 隆士 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Philosophy (Engineering) / Kyoto University / DFAM

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We investigated the structure and defects associated with interphase boundaries between a γ (fcc) matrix and plate-shaped precipitates of the δ (orthorhombic) phase in Inconel 718. Based upon transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations, the average habit plane was confirmed to be (111)_γ which is consistent with previous reports. A parallel array of misfit dislocations with Burgers vector b=1/6[112̅]_γ, (designated M1) are always observed lying along the [11̅0] direction. Another array of misfit dislocations appears in some regions of the interface with Burgers vector b=1/6[21̅1̅]_γ (designated M2). These dislocations also lie along the [11̅0] direction. Irregular ledges were identified on the interface and are believed to contribute to the thickening of δ plates. Dislocations in the matrix were also characterized. Most matrix dislocations have a 1/2[1̅01]_γ Burgers vector. The growth ledges in the habit plane of a single δ plate have a variety of effective Burgers vectors. A geometric matching approach based upon near-coincident sites was employed to explain the interfaces structure of interphase boundaries in Inconel 718, as well as fdc/bcc in Ni-45wt% Cr. In both cases, the conjugate plane is the plane with the highest areal density of near-coincident sites over a small region while the average habit plane is determined by the continuity of near-coincidence sites over a large area. The M1 interfacial dislocations in the γ/δ interface accommodate misfit in the habit plane whereas M2 dislocations do not and are probably a by-product of the dissociation of matrix dislocations. In the fcc/bcc system, the habit plane is not parallel to the conjugate plane and the partial dislocations associated with matrix stacking faults improve matching in the habit plane even though their Burgers vector lies out of this plane. / Ph. D.

<p>In safety-related nuclear structures, steel-plate composite (SC) walls are often used in combination with reinforced concrete (RC) walls or foundations. The design demands need to be transferred between the two different structural systems through appropriate connections without connection failure, which is often associated with brittle failure mode. This study presents a design procedure developed for mechanical connections between SC and RC walls. This procedure implements the full-strength connection design approach as per Specifications for Safety-Related Steel Structures for Nuclear Facilities, AISC N690-18, which requires connections to be stronger than the weaker of the connected walls. The study also presents the results from experimental and numerical investigations conducted to verify the structural performance of the full-strength SC wall-to-RC wall mechanical connection.</p> <p>The experimental program involved testing six mechanical connections comprising four full-scale and two scaled specimens. The four specimens subjected to out-of-plane moment (OOPM) and out-of-plane shear (OOPV) represented a unit cell of a typical wall in a nuclear facility. The remaining two specimens subjected to in-plane shear (IPV) were scaled (1:3) to facilitate testing using the existing loading setup. Two specimens were tested for each loading scenario. The two specimens per loading case were differentiated by longitudinal rebar-to-baseplate connection plans: coupler (C) and double nut (DN). The performance, strength, ductility, and failure mode of the proposed mechanical connection were evaluated based on the experimental observations.</p> <p>The observed governing failure mode of all test specimens was either RC wall flexural yielding or RC wall shear failure. The connection region steel plates (tie plates, wing plates, and baseplates) remained within their elastic range until failure ensuring energy dissipation away from the connection region. Additionally, the wing plates and baseplates strains remained comparatively lower than the tie plate strain values. This was attributed to the contribution of concrete during the force transfer between the two structural elements indicating that the proposed connection design procedure is suitable and conservative for SC wall-to-RC wall mechanical connections.</p> <p>Three-dimensional (3D) finite element models (FEM) were developed and benchmarked against the experimental data to gain an additional insight into the connection behavior. Parametric studies were conducted to compensate for the limited experimental database and evaluate the influence of design parameters such as wall thickness and RC wall longitudinal reinforcement layers on the performance of the designed mechanical connection. Numerically predicted results compared favorably with experimental observations. The recommended design procedure is intended to help designers consider mechanically connecting SC-RC walls where non-contact lap splicing is not feasible and in an attempt to utilize the potential for accelerated construction time and enhanced structural performance of SC walls.</p> <p><br></p>

The in-plane properties of paperboard have always been of interest to paper scientists. Tensile properties are crucial when the board is fed through converting machines at high speeds. Compressive properties are essential in the later use. Inhomogeneities affect both the compressive and tensile properties. For the tensile properties, it is the inherent heterogeneity of the paperboard that might cause problems for the board-maker. Varying material properties, through the thickness of the paperboard, are on the other hand used to achieve high bending stiffness with low fiber usage. It is of interest to know how this practice affects the local compressive properties. Papers A and B aims to address this, while C, D and E focus on in-plane heterogeneities. Paper A investigates the mechanism that causes failure in the short span compression test (SCT). It was concluded that the main mechanism for failure in SCT is delamination due to shear damage. In paper B the effect of the through-thickness profiles on the local compression strength was examined. It was concluded that the local compression is governed by in-plane stiffness and through thickness delamination. The latter was in turn dependent on the local shear strength and in-plane stiffness gradients. In paper C the tensile test is investigated with focus on sample size and strain distributions. The strain behavior was dependent on the length to width ratio of the sample and was caused by activation of local zones with high strainability. Paper D focuses on the strain zones seen in C. The thermal response in paper was studied. It was observed that an inhomogeneous deformation pattern arose in the paper samples during tensile testing. It was concluded that the heat patterns observed coincided with the deformation patterns. It could be shown that the formation was the cause of the inhomogeneous deformation. In final paper, E, the virtual field method was applied on data from C. / Egenskaperna hos ett kartongark kan grovt delas upp i två kategorier: i-planet egenskaper och ut-ur-planet egenskaper. I-planet egenskaperna har länge varit ett område som pappersmekanister och andra pappersforskare visat intresse för. Anledningen till detta är att de är avgörande för hur väl det går att konvertera kartongen till färdiga förpackningar, samt hur väl de förpackningarna klarar sin uppgift. Dragegenskaperna prövas när kartongen dras genom tryck- och konverteringsmaskiner i hög hastighet. Tryckegenskaperna spelar stor roll för hur väl en förpackning klarar att staplas och hålla sitt innehåll intakt. Inhomogeniteter påverkar både drag och tryckegenskaper. Papprets naturliga variation påverkar dragegenskaperna hos kartongen och kan orsaka problem för kartongmakarna. Särskilt när utvecklingen går mot mer avancerade kartong utseenden. Å andra sidan så använder sig kartongmakare flitigt av egenskapsvariationer genom tjockleken på kartongen, när dom vill åstadkomma böjstyva kartonger utan att slösa med fibrer. I detta fall är det intressant att veta hur de lokala kompressionsegenskaperna påverkas av kartongens ut-ur-planet profil. Det första två uppsatserna i denna avhandling, A och B, handlar om just detta. Uppsatserna C, D och E avhandlar hur i-planet variationer påverkar kartongens egenskaper. I Artikel A undersöks vilka skademekanismer som aktiveras under ett kortspannskompressionstest (SCT). Tre flerskiktskartonger undersöktes. De hade valts så att de hade distinkt olika skjuvstyrkeprofiler. Kartongerna karakteriserades och datan användes som materialdata i en finit element modell av SCT-testet. Modellen bestod av skikt, betraktade som kontinuum, mellan vilka det fanns kohesiva ytor. Huvudmekanismen i SCT var att kartongen delaminerade på grund av skjuvskador. Den andra uppsatsen, Artikel B, var en fortsättning på den första. Denna gång undersöktes fem flerskiktskartonger framtagna så att de hade olika skjuvstyrka beroende på positionen i tjockleksled. Det konstaterades att kompressionsegenskaperna lokalt styrs av skjuvstyrkeprofilen och styvhetsgradienter. Vidare konstaterades det att mekanismerna innan kartongen delaminerar är, i huvudsak, elastiska. Den tredje artikeln, Artikel C, fokuserade på hur dragprov på kartong påverkas av provstorleken och töjningsvariationen. Tre olika flerskiktskartonger användes som provmaterial och provbitar med olika storlek analyserades. Förutom dragprov så användes digital image correlation (DIC) för analysen. Det visade sig att den globala töjbarheten varierade med storleken på provet beroende på kvoten mellan längd och bredd. DIC visade att detta i sin tur berodde på att zoner med hög töjbarhet aktiverades i provet. Dessa zoner hade samma storlek oberoende av provstorlek och påverkade därför den totala töjbarheten olika mycket. Artikel D undersöker töjningszonerna som sågs i Artikel C samt hur de påverkas av kreppning. Vidare undersöktes pappersproverna med hjälp av termografi. Termografin visade att varma zoner uppstod i proven när det töjdes. Zonerna blev synliga när provet töjdes plastiskt. Termografi kördes parallellt med DIC på några prover. Det visade sig att de varma zonerna överenstämde med zoner med hög lokal töjning. Vidare kunde det visas att dessa zoner övenstämde med papperets mikrostruktur, formationen. En finit element analys av hur papper med olika formation töjs gjordes. Delar av provningen gjordes på kreppade papper som har högre töjbarhet. Det visades sig att någon form av skada hade överlagrats på papprets mikrostruktur under kreppningen, och att den deformationen återtogs när pappret töjdes. I den sista artikeln, Artikel E, behandlas hur VFM (Virtual Field Method) kan användas på DIC-data från kartong. DIC-datan som användes hämtades från Artikel C. Detta gjordes för att visa på hur olika VFM-formuleringar kan användas för att karakterisera styvhetsvariationen hos kartong. Provet delades upp i tre subregioner baserat på den axiella töjningsgraden. VFM-analysen visade att dessa subregioners styvhet och tvärkontraktionstal sjönk monotont, men att skillnaden mellan regionerna ökade med ökande spänning. även om endast ett prov undersöktes, så indikerade resultaten att områden med hög styvhet endast förbättrar de mekaniska egenskaperna marginellt. Analysen visade också att även om subregionerna inte är sammanhängande, så har dom liknande mekaniska egenskaper. / <p>QC 20160429</p>