A Eletroforese Capilar (CE) é uma técnica de separação baseada na migração diferenciada de compostos iônicos ou ionizáveis em um campo elétrico, proporcionando alta resolução, eficiência e rapidez de análise. Para preservar a alta resolução, o volume injetado deve ser pequeno (da ordem de nanolitros), o que dificulta a análise de compostos em baixos níveis de concentração. O diminuto caminho óptico definido pelo diâmetro interno do capilar, associado ao pequeno volume injetado, compromete a detecção, principalmente quando se utiliza a absorbância em linha. Várias estratégias têm sido descritas para melhorar a sensibilidade em eletroforese capilar. Neste trabalho, as estratégias de pré-concentração (\"stacking\", amplificação de campo, isotacoforese, cela óptica de alta sensibilidade e extração em fase sólida em linha) foram aplicadas a dois sistemas químicos: o ácido tereftálico (matéria prima importante utilizada na síntese de poliésteres) e o besilato de atracúreo (um agente bloqueador neuromuscular), avaliando-se comparativamente os resultados. O primeiro sistema não se mostrou adequado para tai fim, pois o ácido tereftálico apresenta baixa solubilidade em água, sendo necessário adicionar hidróxido de sódio para dissolvê-lo, o que produzia um meio de alta condutividade, inviabilizando algumas das estratégias de pré-concentração. Porém, como o controle de impurezas no ácido tereftálico é de interesse industrial foi desenvolvido um método para a análise simultânea dos subprodutos principais: o ácido carboxibenzaldeído (4-CBA) e o ácido p-toluóico (pTO), que são controlados industrialmente por polarografia e cromatografia à gás, respectivamente. As análises foram realizadas em lotes industriais do ácido tereftálico cru (CTA) e do ácido tereftálico altamente purificado (PTA). As concentrações de 4-CBA e p-TOL (determinadas por CE) em ambos, CTA e PTA, estão de acordo com as especificações do produto. As análises mostraram a viabilidade da determinação das impurezas, sendo identificados ainda o ácido benzóico (BZ) e o 4-hidroximetilbenzóico (HMB). O segundo sistema químico escolhido, o besilato de atracúreo, foi adequado para avaliar as várias estratégias de pré-concentração, pois este composto é solúvel em água. A apresentação comercial deste produto consiste na mistura de três isômeros (cis-cis, cis-trans e trans-trans), cada um exibindo uma potência bloqueadora neuromuscular particular. Primeiramente foi desenvolvido um método para a separação dos três isômeros por CE e depois foi feito um estudo das impurezas presentes no sistema, avaliando-se a temperatura e o tempo de estocagem. Foram identificadas duas impurezas no composto: a laudanosina e o monoquaternário ácido. Foi escolhido o pico da laudanosina para avaliar as estratégias de aumento de sensibilidade devido este ser o principal composto de decomposição do atracúreo. O aumento de sensibilidade foi calculado em termos de ganho em sinal-ruído (S/R). O melhor resultado de aumento de sensibilidade para o \"stacking\" mediado por força iônica foi quando se dissolveu a amostra em água e comparou-se à mesma amostra dissolvida no tampão de corrida (o ganho em S/R foi da ordem de 25 vezes). Para as demais estratégias, a referência de partida foi uma amostra já dissolvida em água. Dentre todas as estratégias avaliadas, o maior ganho em sensibilidade foi obtido com os pré-concentradores (22,5 vezes de aumento em sinal-ruído (S/R)), mas a dificuldade de confecção não os tornam atrativos para as análises. A isotacoforese proporcionou o segundo maior aumento (7,6 vezes), comparável ao aumento de sensibilidade em campo amplificado (7,5 vezes) quando se utilizou um tampão com alta concentração de sal. Este ganho foi melhor que o da cela HS que teve aumento de 2,9 vezes em SIR, sugerindo que estas técnicas de pré-concentração podem ser utilizadas com vantagem em relação à cela HS proporcionando baixo custo. O aumento de sensibilidade não foi tão expressivo no \"stacking\" por injeção de grande volume (1,1), mas pode ser melhorado se o capilar inteiro for preenchido com a amostra. / Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is a separation technique based on differential migration of ionic compounds in a electric field, providing high efficiency, resolution and faster analysis. To preserve high resolution, the injected volume must be small (nanoliters), which compromises the analysis of samples components in a low concentration level. The little pathlenght defined by the capillary internal diameter and a small injected volume, place a large demand on detection, especially when on-line absorbance detectors is used. Some strategies have been described to improve the capillary electrophoresis sensitivity. At this work, preconcentration techniques (stacking, field amplification, isotachophoresis, high sensitivity optical cell, and on line solid extraction) were applied to two chemical systems: terephthalic acid (an important raw material used in a polyester synthesis) and atracurium besylate (a neuromuscular blocking agent), and the results were comparatively evaluated. The first selected system was not suitable for this purpose, due to poor solubility of terephthalic acid in water. lt was necessary to work with solutions of crude and purified products prepared in 0.15 mol /L NaOH and that produced a high conductivity medium, jeopardizing some preconcentration techniques. However, since impurities control in terephthalic acid is of industrial interest, it was developed a method to simultaneously analyze major byproducts: 4-carboxybenzaldehyde (4-CBA) and toluoic acid (pTO), industrialy controlled by polarography and gas chromatography, respectively. Analysis were conducted in industrial batches of crude terephthalic acid (CTA) and highly purified terephthalic acid (PTA). Concentrations of 4-CBA and p-TOL, in both, CTA and PTA, were in agreement with product specification. The results showed the viability to determine several impurities using CE. Additionally, two other contaminants, benzoic acid (BZ) and 4-hydroxymethyl benzoic acid (HMB), were identified. The second selected system, atracurium besylate, was useful to evaluate some preconcentration strategies, because of this water solubility and ionic character. Commercial presentation of this pharmaceutical consists in a mixture of three isomers (cis-cis, cis-trans e trans-trans), which one presenting a particular neuromuscular potency. First, it was developed a method to separate the three isomers by CE and then a study of the product impurities was conducted, evaluating the temperature tolerance and shelf life. Laudanosine and a monoquaternary acid were identified impurities in the pharmaceutical. Laudanosine was selected for the evaluation of preconcentration techniques because it is the major decomposition product of atracurium besylate. Sensitivity enhancement was calculated in terms of signal-noise increase (S/R). The best results of enhancement sensitivity with \"stacking\" mediated by ionic strange was obtained when the sample was dissolved in water and it was compared to the same sample dissolved in a running buffer (signal-noise increase was 25 times). To the other strategies, the reference sample was dissolved in water). Among all evaluated strategies, the major sensitivity enhancement was obtained with preconcentrators (22,5 times), but its difficult manufaturing makes them not attractive for routine analysis. Isotachophoresis, the second best in terms of signal-noise (S/R) values (7,6 times), was comparable to field amplification sensitivity enhancement (7,5 times), when buffers with high salt concentration were used. Its enhancement was better than that of HS cell, that was signal-noise increase of 2,9 times), suggesting that these preconcentration techniques can be used with advantage in relation to HS cell providing low cost. Sensitivity enhancement was not expressive, in the large injection volumes strategy (1, 1 times), but it can be improved if the whole capillar1 is filled with sample.

<p>Mänskligheten har, sedan urminnes tider, ägnat sig åt spel om pengar och i vår tid har omfattningen expanderat. Under året 2006 genererade den globala spelmarknaden cirka 1 805 miljarder kronor netto, vilket kan jämföras med Sveriges bruttonationalprodukt, som motsvarande år uppgick till summan 2 832 miljarder kronor. På den totala svenska spelmarknaden omsattes detta år omkring 54 miljarder kronor brutto. Hasardspel är således en bred mondial företeelse, som är intressant att studera därför att den har en stor influens på många individers liv och ligger i tiden, vilket också återspeglas av det massmediala intresset.</p><p>Uppsatsens huvudsakliga målsättning är att klarlägga hur spelandet har ökat under inledningen av det nya millenniet. De underliggande frågorna syftar till att förklara hur denna spelomsättningsökning är fördelad mellan marknadens aktörer och spelformer, samt i vilken utsträckning spelomsättningsökningen har genererats av den tekniska och den ekonomiska utvecklingen jämte spelbolagens marknadsföring. </p><p>Syftet är att utreda hur hasardspelandet har ökat i Sverige under inledningen av det nya millenniet samt en ambition att öka läsarnas bildningsgrad av det svenska och mondiala fenomenet hasardspel.</p><p>Data har insamlats genom en induktiv och huvudsakligen kvantitativ metod, där utvalda teorier från genomgången kurslitteratur samt egna tillämpningar av dessa presenteras i de båda kapitlen om teori, medan svar från enkätundersökningar sammanställs i avsnittet om empiri. De olika delarnas innehåll sammanvävs i analysen till en konkret slutsats.</p><p>Årsomsättningen på den totala svenska spelmarknaden har från år 1999 till år 2006 stigit med omkring 17,4 miljarder kronor eller 48 procent. Nytillkomna aktörer, befintliga spelformers ökning och nya spelobjekt har tillsammans med den tekniska utvecklingen och den upptrappade marknadsföringen medverkat till denna omsättningsökning, som även är reell. Spelomsättningsökningen bör, trots att den svenska har varit och enligt mig fortsättningsvis kommer att vara större än den globala, beskrivas såsom en bred internationell trend.</p> / <p>Since time immemorial, mankind has engaged in playing different games for money and nowadays the scale of such has greatly expanded. In 2006, the global gambling market generated a net of approximately USD 279 000 million, while the Swedish domestic gambling market grossed approximately USD 8 000 million. Gambling is thus a very widespread, global phenomenon which is interesting to study because it has a big influence on many individuals' lives and is actual, which is also reflected by the interest of the mass media.</p><p>This essay's main goal is to clarify how gambling has increased in the beginning of this millennium. Some of the underlying questions aim to explain how this increase in gambling activity is divided between the gambling companies and gambling forms, as well as to what extent this increase in gambling activity has been spurred by economic and technical development, together with more intensive marketing campaigns by the gambling companies.</p><p>The purpose of this essay is to investigate how gambling has increased in Sweden in the beginning of this millennium, as well as an ambition to increase the reader's knowledge of both the Swedish and the global gambling phenomena.</p><p>Data has been collected by inductive and mainly quantitative methods. Selected theories along with my own applications of these are plainly presented in the chapters on theory, while answers from inquiries have been compiled in the empirical chapter. The content of the various sections is woven together in the analysis for a concrete conclusion.</p><p>From 1999 until 2006, the annual volume for the Swedish gambling market has increased by USD 2 700 million, or 48 percentage. Fresh gambling companies, an increase in existing gambling forms and new games of chance, together with technical development and additional intensive marketing contributed to this increase in volume, which are indeed real. This increase is a widespread, international trend, despite the fact that the Swedish gambling increase has been, and in my own opinion will continue to be, greater than the global increase.</p>

<p>The aim of this study is to explain the paradox of the memberstates willingness to surrender power of important issues such as asylum and refugee policy and therefore partly abandon its sovereignty. We also discuss the relation between internationalization, regionalization and globalization since these processes form the context in which our research problem is found. A case study is used as a method in this paper.</p><p>In our quest for answers we use a theory of internationalization that we place in its context by primarily discussing the relation between globalization and regionalization. The theory is used as an explanatory force and to give it a concrete form we operationalised its three processes; internationalization of problems, internationalization of the societies and internationalization of the descisionmaking.</p><p>The result of the case study shows that the increase in asylumseekers leads to a higher risk of negative competition wich give rise to the memberstates need to coordinate their politics.</p><p>We found that when societies and problems are being internationalized, the state finds it difficult to resolve problems on their own and this leads to the internationalization of the dedescisionmaking. The internationalization of the decision-making process is therefore natural, which in this case means the decisions are taken by the EU rather than by the member states.</p>

The synthesis and characterization of two donor acceptor type conjugated polymers were investigated. The electrochemical properties were examined using cyclic voltammetry, spectroelectrochemistry and kinetic studies. The increase in the alkyl chain length attached to the fluorene unit was investigated by the corresponding electrochemical characteristics. The synthesis was carried out via Stille coupling of 4,7- dibromo-4&#039 / -(tert-butyl)spiro[benzo[d]imidazole-2,1&#039 / cyclohexane] and 2,5- bis(tributylstannyl)thiophene with 9,9-dihexyl-9H fluorene and 9,9-didodecyl-9H fluorene respectively. Both of the polymers were neutral state green polymers. They had optical band gaps of 2.46 and 2.54 eV respectively. Increasing the chain length resulted in an increase in solubility and processibility of the polymer but also an increase in the band gap. This was due to the increased bulkyness of the alkyl group, leading to a decrease in the effective conjugation and planarity. They both had distinctive &pi / -&pi / * transitions, band structure and backbone that provides oxidative doping. P1, with the shorter alkyl chain had a lower oxidation potential than P2. Neither of the polymers was capable of being n-doped. They were both multichromic, revealing colors from neutral state green to doped state blue.

Mänskligheten har, sedan urminnes tider, ägnat sig åt spel om pengar och i vår tid har omfattningen expanderat. Under året 2006 genererade den globala spelmarknaden cirka 1 805 miljarder kronor netto, vilket kan jämföras med Sveriges bruttonationalprodukt, som motsvarande år uppgick till summan 2 832 miljarder kronor. På den totala svenska spelmarknaden omsattes detta år omkring 54 miljarder kronor brutto. Hasardspel är således en bred mondial företeelse, som är intressant att studera därför att den har en stor influens på många individers liv och ligger i tiden, vilket också återspeglas av det massmediala intresset. Uppsatsens huvudsakliga målsättning är att klarlägga hur spelandet har ökat under inledningen av det nya millenniet. De underliggande frågorna syftar till att förklara hur denna spelomsättningsökning är fördelad mellan marknadens aktörer och spelformer, samt i vilken utsträckning spelomsättningsökningen har genererats av den tekniska och den ekonomiska utvecklingen jämte spelbolagens marknadsföring.  Syftet är att utreda hur hasardspelandet har ökat i Sverige under inledningen av det nya millenniet samt en ambition att öka läsarnas bildningsgrad av det svenska och mondiala fenomenet hasardspel. Data har insamlats genom en induktiv och huvudsakligen kvantitativ metod, där utvalda teorier från genomgången kurslitteratur samt egna tillämpningar av dessa presenteras i de båda kapitlen om teori, medan svar från enkätundersökningar sammanställs i avsnittet om empiri. De olika delarnas innehåll sammanvävs i analysen till en konkret slutsats. Årsomsättningen på den totala svenska spelmarknaden har från år 1999 till år 2006 stigit med omkring 17,4 miljarder kronor eller 48 procent. Nytillkomna aktörer, befintliga spelformers ökning och nya spelobjekt har tillsammans med den tekniska utvecklingen och den upptrappade marknadsföringen medverkat till denna omsättningsökning, som även är reell. Spelomsättningsökningen bör, trots att den svenska har varit och enligt mig fortsättningsvis kommer att vara större än den globala, beskrivas såsom en bred internationell trend. / Since time immemorial, mankind has engaged in playing different games for money and nowadays the scale of such has greatly expanded. In 2006, the global gambling market generated a net of approximately USD 279 000 million, while the Swedish domestic gambling market grossed approximately USD 8 000 million. Gambling is thus a very widespread, global phenomenon which is interesting to study because it has a big influence on many individuals' lives and is actual, which is also reflected by the interest of the mass media. This essay's main goal is to clarify how gambling has increased in the beginning of this millennium. Some of the underlying questions aim to explain how this increase in gambling activity is divided between the gambling companies and gambling forms, as well as to what extent this increase in gambling activity has been spurred by economic and technical development, together with more intensive marketing campaigns by the gambling companies. The purpose of this essay is to investigate how gambling has increased in Sweden in the beginning of this millennium, as well as an ambition to increase the reader's knowledge of both the Swedish and the global gambling phenomena. Data has been collected by inductive and mainly quantitative methods. Selected theories along with my own applications of these are plainly presented in the chapters on theory, while answers from inquiries have been compiled in the empirical chapter. The content of the various sections is woven together in the analysis for a concrete conclusion. From 1999 until 2006, the annual volume for the Swedish gambling market has increased by USD 2 700 million, or 48 percentage. Fresh gambling companies, an increase in existing gambling forms and new games of chance, together with technical development and additional intensive marketing contributed to this increase in volume, which are indeed real. This increase is a widespread, international trend, despite the fact that the Swedish gambling increase has been, and in my own opinion will continue to be, greater than the global increase.

No description available.

Background: Electricity tariffs charged by Eskom have sharply increased over the past three years, with a 25% annual increase approved by Nersa until April 2012. There is no indication on what to expect in the future with regard to electricity tariffs. Many South Africans are searching for ways to save on their monthly electricity bills by seeking out alternative water heating systems. Solar geysers became a popular investment option, but this might not be the best options available on the market. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine the most financially viable investment option in order to reduce electricity cost when it comes to water heating systems for use in households. This is done by comparing the capital expenditure and operational cost needed with the financial benefits generated by the investment, taking into consideration the size of the household. Design and method: A literature study was done on the different alternative water heating systems in order to obtain a better understanding of how these systems operate and what savings they can generate. Different investment appraisals were identified and a literature review was performed in order to identify the most appropriate investment appraisals for the purpose of this study. It was found that the net present value, equivalent annual annuity, internal rate of return, modified internal rate of return, accounting rate of return, discounted payback period and the economic value added were the best investment appraisal methods to use for the purpose of this study. Findings and conclusion: It was found that the five investment options identified in the literature review would all, to some extent, be financially viable to implement within households with high as well as low volume hot water consumption. All the investment appraisals gave positive outcomes. The conclusion was made that a saving will be generated on the monthly electricity bill no matter what alternative water heating system were to be installed in the place of a conventional geyser. Recommendations: It is recommended that a household with low volume hot water consumption should install a time switch as this investment option renders the highest IRR, MIRR, ARR and discounted payback period. The second best investment option for a household with low volume hot water consumption is a heat pump and the third best option is a gas geyser. For a household with high volume hot water consumption, the best investment options is again a time switch, as this renders the best IRR, MIRR, ARR and discounted payback period. The second best investment option is a heat pump, with a gas geyser as the third best investment option. Value of the research: This study focuses on five alternative water heating systems for a household within South Africa in times where electricity charges sharply increase. The financial viability of each of the alternatives is determined through various investment appraisals and the best option can be identified by comparing the outcomes of the alternatives. Furthermore, each individual is able to determine the viability of the alternatives by using the Excel model attached to this study and by inputting his/her own variables, where applicable. Research limitation: Limited literature was available on the different alternative water heating systems. No indication could be found of the maintenance cost of the different water heating systems. Assumptions had to be made with regard to households, although no two households are the same. Areas for further research: The same study could be performed, but with the focus on small businesses and large organisations. Furthermore, a study could be performed to determine the appropriate discount rate for individuals as well as the maintenance cost for water heating systems. / Thesis (MCom (Management Accountancy))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012

ALVES, Alexandre Maia. Produtividade da roseira sob diferentes níveis de irrigação, volumes de substrato e número de drenos por vaso. 2006. 54 f. : Dissertação (mestrado) -Universidade Federal do Ceará, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, Curso de Mestrado em Agronomia, Fortaleza-CE, 2006. / Submitted by demia Maia (demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-06-02T14:35:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_amalves.pdf: 14925638 bytes, checksum: bc31a3d275887d1f220c60504dc75f6c (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by demia Maia (demiamlm@gmail.com) on 2016-06-02T14:40:21Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_amalves.pdf: 14925638 bytes, checksum: bc31a3d275887d1f220c60504dc75f6c (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T14:40:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006_dis_amalves.pdf: 14925638 bytes, checksum: bc31a3d275887d1f220c60504dc75f6c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006 / The cultivation of roses (roses sp) is characterized by its high profitability, in comparison with traditional cultivations, however, the handling and the powder-crop demand from the producer perfect technical knowledge. For its time, several employed techniques in the handling in the culture have if characterized by its empiricism, being needed studies. With the objective of presenting suggestions to the producers for a handling hydric, substratum volume and number of appropriate drains for vase adapted, this work was elaborated through two experiments where the effects of those factors were analyzed upon the productivity of the rosebush, in a protected atmosphere. The experiments were conducted in the Reijers Company, in the municipal district of São Benedito-CE. In the first experiment, using experimental maping in blocks at random, five techniques were used (irrigation levels corresponding to 60%, 80%, 100%, 120% and 140% of the evaporation measured in the tank class "A", ECA), all processes were conducted four times. The conclusions were obtained: the use of the tank Class "A" in the handling of irrigation of roses is viable for the producer, because it makes possible the obtaining high productivities; the application of higher volumes of water by the producers reduces the number of stems of 50cm, 60cm and the total production per vase. In the second experiment, using factorial experimental maping 3 x 2, where were analyzed the effects of three substratum volumes (3, 4 and 6 liters for plant) and of two types of vases with 1 and 8 drains, over the number of stems per vase of the rosebush, in a protected atmosphere. The following conclusions were obtained: the smallest substratum volumes for plant provide a larger number of stems per vase, but with prevalence of stems of smaller commercial value. On the contrary, the use of larger substratum volumes per plant by for the producer results in a smaller number of stems per vase, but in a larger number of stems of larger commercial value. The use of vases with a larger number of drain by producer, reduces the total number of stems for vase. For a larger production of stems in vases of 12 L, the producer of rosebushes should plant three plants (4 liters of substratum for plant) in vases with a single drain / O cultivo de rosas (rosa sp). caracteriza-se pela sua elevada rentabilidade, em comparação com cultivos tradicionais, entretanto, o manejo e a pós-colheita exigem do produtor conhecimento técnico aprimorado. Por sua vez, diversas técnicas empregadas no manejo na cultura tem se caracterizado pelo seu empirismo, necessitando-se de estudos. Com o objetivo de apresentar sugestões aos produtores para um manejo hídrico, volume de substrato e número de drenos adequados por vaso, elaborou-se este trabalho por meio de dois experimentos nos quais foram analisados os efeitos desses fatores sobre a produtividade da roseira, em ambiente protegido. Os experimentos foram conduzidos na Empresa Reijers, no município de São Benedito-CE. No primeiro, com delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, utilizaram-se cinco tratamentos (níveis de irrigação correspondentes a 60%, 80%, 100%, 120% e 140% da evaporação medida no tanque classe “A”, ECA) e com quatro repetições. Como conclusões obtiveram-se: a utilização do tanque Classe “A” no manejo de irrigação de rosas é viável para o produtor, pois possibilita a obtenção de elevadas produtividades; a aplicação de lâminas elevadas pelos produtores reduz o número de hastes de 50, 60cm e total por vaso. No segundo, com delineamento experimental fatorial 3 x 2, analisou-se os efeitos de três volumes de substrato (3, 4 e 6 litros por planta) e de duas quantidades de drenos por vaso (1 e 8) sobre o número de hastes por vaso da roseira, em ambiente protegido. Obtiveram-se as seguintes conclusões: os menores volumes de substrato por planta proporcionam um maior número de hastes por vaso, mas com predomínio de hastes de menor valor comercial. Já a utilização de maiores volumes de substrato por planta pelo produtor resulta em um menor número de hastes por vaso, mas em um maior número de hastes de maior valor comercial. A utilização pelo produtor de vasos com um maior número de drenos reduz o número total de hastes por vaso. Para uma maior produção de hastes em vasos de 12 L, o produtor de roseira deve plantar três plantas (4 litros de substrato por planta) em vasos com um dreno.

Este trabalho tem como tema a evolução urbana do Bairro Belém Novo, desde a formação do seu núcleo urbano, na segunda metade do século XIX, até os dias atuais e suas tendências futuras. O objeto de estudo está localizado na Região Extremo-Sul de Porto Alegre - RS, nas margens do Lago Guaíba, distante dos principais eixos de expansão urbana e industrial da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre. Segue para a compreensão de como ocorreu a evolução urbana do bairro dentro do processo de metropolização de sua cidade e quais serão as tendências do seu crescimento e que funções poderá assumir no futuro. O bairro é utilizado como objeto de reflexão acerca do fenômeno da urbanização, visando à percepção de como fatos sucedidos em uma cidade, na região e em outras regiões podem incidir na evolução urbana de um pequeno núcleo urbano. O objeto de estudo ainda permite entender a atuação do crescimento urbano em uma escala diferenciada, compreendendo os fatores que atuam na evolução urbana de uma cidade também na escala de um bairro. O método teórico de análise utilizado neste trabalho é o mesmo utilizado por Souza e Müller (2007) no livro “Porto Alegre e sua Evolução Urbana”. Por meio da aplicação do método se objetiva buscar nos aspectos históricos os fatores socioculturais, político-institucionais, econômicos, populacionais e locacionais que induziram o crescimento do núcleo urbano do Bairro Belém Novo. A periodização do estudo da evolução urbana, possibilitada pelo método, e o inter-relacionamento dos fatores que atuaram em cada uma das fases, conduzem as possíveis tendências futuras de crescimento do núcleo urbano em questão, contribuindo com o seu planejamento urbano. / This work has as its theme the urban evolution of Belém Novo Neighborhood, from the formation of its urban nucleus in the second half of the nineteenth century, to the present day and its future trends. The object of study is located in the Extreme-South Region of Porto Alegre - RS, on the shores of Lake Guaíba, being distant from the main axes of industrial and urban increase in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre. It is questioned how the urban evolution of the neighborhood occurred within the process of metropolization of its city and what the trends of its increase will be and what functions it may assume in the future. The neighborhood is used as an object of reflection about the phenomenon of urbanization, aiming at the perception of how events happened in a city, in the region and in other regions can affect the urban evolution of a small urban nucleus. The object of study still allows us to understand the performance of urban increase in a differentiated scale, including the factors that act in the urban evolution of a city also in the scale of a neighborhood. The theoretical method of analysis used in this work is the same one used by Souza and Müller (2007) in the book "Porto Alegre e sua evolução urbana". Through the application of the method, the objective is to seek in the historical aspects the sociocultural, political-institutional, economic, population and locational factors that led to the increase of the urban nucleus of Belém Novo Neighborhood. The periodization of the study of the urban evolution, made possible by the method, and the interrelationship of the factors that acted in each of the phases, lead the possible future trends of increase of the urban nucleus in question, contributing to its urban planning.

The goal of this Diploma thesis was an analysis of the chosen factors and their influence on meat performance of sumava sheep. This factors were presented trough the lamb sex, change of the nutrition dose and change of the surroundings. For this purpose it was chosen the sumava sheep farming in herd Michlova Hut. At first this herd was introduced, than statistically described in terms of meat performance and in the next part there was analysis of the chosen factors. Based on these results the conclusions and the basic breeder recommendation to breeder community were deduced. The main reason for choice this topic was a growing number of sheep farming focused on meat performance and factors trough them this performance is influenced.