<p>Tanzania is one of the world’s poorest countries. But it has a lot to offer and in recent years both tourists and companies have realised this. This thesis focuses on the companies and takes a closer look at the growth performance and the inflow of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) to Tanzania. By presenting a case on the cement industry in Tanzania the thesis also provide some insight in the mechanisms of FDI on a more practical level. The findings conclude that the FDI and growth have both increased extensively since the 1990’s, but I refrain from comments on the causality of this relationship. The economic reforms that the country underwent in the 1990’s are thought to have played a key role in the development of the country. From the case presented we draw the conclusion that a FDI can affect the value chain as well as the whole country in numerous ways.</p>

Because of the constant innovation of IT technology , firms have to face not only end users but also fast-changing production design. It makes firms¡¦ operation extremely difficult .Someone which may be the champion today will be the worst another day .This is the conspicuous situation in IT industry. Confronted by the worst circumstance and limited to the internal sources, Acer corp. must do some changes to its original corporation activities that contain brand and manufacturing. If not , Acer corp. will have a serious problem caused by internal and external forces. Acer corp. declared its re-engineering plan that divided the corporation into three groups in 2000. The way Acer corp. using to change is based on the situation that industry value chain subdivide into lots of parts. Because of the enterprise internal resources restricted, Acer cannot maintain the complete value chain .It must make a decision between brand operating and OEM parts. When Acer decides to focus on brand operating as its enterprise core, it needs to differentiate the principle from organization and business strategy to go with new principle . In the part of organizational change, the report makes an eye on organizational life cycle theory and organization efficiency to find out why it needs three independent main groups. The main change of business strategy is on the supply chain and marketing channel management. Change of Supply chain aims that Acer, after outsourcing OEM parts , makes use of OEM firms which are good at production and global logistic activity , to reduce its stock and save the cost. Change of marketing channels is to comply with diverse channels in European market to make great growth. Hence, Acer prepares to copy the European experience to U.S. and China . Finally , the report proves Acer¡¦s process of organizational change with Lewin and Kotter¡¦s theories to make a conclusion .

Tanzania is one of the world’s poorest countries. But it has a lot to offer and in recent years both tourists and companies have realised this. This thesis focuses on the companies and takes a closer look at the growth performance and the inflow of Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) to Tanzania. By presenting a case on the cement industry in Tanzania the thesis also provide some insight in the mechanisms of FDI on a more practical level. The findings conclude that the FDI and growth have both increased extensively since the 1990’s, but I refrain from comments on the causality of this relationship. The economic reforms that the country underwent in the 1990’s are thought to have played a key role in the development of the country. From the case presented we draw the conclusion that a FDI can affect the value chain as well as the whole country in numerous ways.

As the broadband transmission and data compression are being advanced in digital technology at the same time, these enable multimedia easily to exchange and interconnect with each other. The phenomenon to present is generally called ¡§Digital Convergence¡¨. In order to cater to the customers who demand whenever and wherever possible, ubiquitously access to converging services and networks as well, the broadband wireline and wireless access technologies have made significant progress to support and to further ICT (information and communications technology) industry to invest the research and development on the relevant technology, pruducts and services. The development trend of converging in the face of industries, services and networks, FNOs(fixed network operators), who are facing the fixed to mobile substitution(FMS), attempt with the seamless communications proposition to resolve the discontinuous problems caused when or where the user¡¦s handset roams across heterogeneous networks or switches between the fixed and mobile network, so as to motivate user demand for data and multimedia services as well as to restrain the decline of revenue from circuit-switched voice service; On the other hand, MNOs(mobile network operators) are also facing the market saturation on basic voice service gradually, in order to sustain the revenue growth, dual-mode mobile handsets enable the users access to fixed wireless network that substitutes for expensive indoor radio access to mobile network, and make differentiation from competitors to stimulate user demand for value-added services so as to raise ARPU(average revenue per user). Therefore, the business model for FMC(fixed-mobile convergence), is an innovative option to surmount the dilemma of business growth of telecommunications service operators. No matter FNOs, MNOs or SBOs(service-based operators) begin integration among the horizontally layered access networks, e.g. wireless LAN, WiMAX, broadband wireless, 3G, 3.5G and 4G, and change the existing business model varied with the shifting industrial value chain as well in face of emerging convergence and advancing wireless communications technology. The study gives the result with conclusions: 1.The introduction of FMC business is the most advantageous to full-licensed operators or telecom groups; Secondly FNOs can fight against FMS threat to restrain the revenue declined and to gain the revenue stream from MVNO services. 2.Telecom operators who provide with FMC offerings can strengthen competitive advantages with differentiation in the telecom services market to increase revenue and profitability. 3.Telecom operators offer FMC products and services, which help improvement in ARPU of existing customers and acquisition of new ones. 4.FMC offering can increase stickiness on customer retention besides lowering customer churn rate. 5.No matter incumbent or potential new entrant operators who introduce FMC service offering to market, they should take advantages of resources and competence in themselves to address their customer value proposition and positioning, and to adjust the business model to rival with advantageous competitive strategy. Besides, they should consider the timing for the investment on convergence of heterogeneous network varied with industrial environment and regulation so as to raise ROCE. 6.FMC business model is a set of architectural framework, not merely products or services portfolios, applications and selling. The operators must pay close attention to the shift of the external environment and business operation conditions, change the existing business model and strategy so as to keep the business growth and sustained development for lasting enterprises. The study finally suggests: Telecom operators, potential new entrants and the Government in Taiwan should pay close attention to the spectrum licensed for the new technology WiMAX and digital convergence which may come into being ¡§horizontally layered integration¡¨ or ¡§operation beyond the regulated business scope¡¨. The demarcation of regulation the Government takes effect can give consideration to the economic efficiency of market liberalization with fair competition. Asymmetric regulation and deregulation make sure not in implementing ¡§by waiting to become¡¨, and make distribution with choice for the radio frequency spectrum which benefits industry's development as well as adopt explicitly gradual deregulation on the policy and supplementary measure so as to can give consideration to the regulatory function, build the fair market environment and sound telecommunications industry in parallel to further the development in economy.

Abstract Facing the trend of globalization and new era of regional economy, corporations in the economical fact of ECFA are standing to embrace a whole new beginning for new economy age! The researcher currently works at VATM International Business Managerial Consulting Co., Ltd. and the company¡¦s major services are to provide consultation for financial and tax affairs, and operational management for executive officers. In her own professional development, from offering consultation as an accountant to executive management, operational strategies, and innovative concept, she realized that within the whole process of operational service, the use of time for decision making and abilities for information interpretation become the greatest operational issue that corporations need to face when tackling competition. It is also the most neglected ability that entrepreneurs must cultivate. A consultant from one perspective is to provide major resources for corporation operators¡¦ decision making and from another angle is to sustain the quality of information of corporations. The importance of a consultant is undeniable.In other words, the role of a consultant is not as the doctor of a corporation from the traditional viewpoint, but as the invisible chief staff and external inspector and mentor. The researcher believes that a consultant should take Entrepreneur-Schweitzer¡¦s perspective and face the problems of corporations from a humanist standpoint. The present study focuses on the psychological journey of launching a new business and self-reflection of an individual consultant. The study offers appropriate roles and positions a competent consultant should take. From the whole process of self-reflection and launch for an enterprise, the researcher suggests ¡§ManageAccountanize¡¨(business management accountanize)for consultation field as a concept for problem solving but not the idea of Balanced scored which the consultants use in general. In addition, this study also investigates the consulting industry value chain and knowledge value chain so as to approve the value of professional consultants. The researcher provides insights of the necessities of consultants including academic theoretical applications and establishment of consultation authority.

The insurance industry in Taiwan has been more open and geared to the international standards during the recent years. At the same time, the Taiwanese and international financial industry has gone through drastic changes. Interest rate dropped and cost of material and human resource went up, leading to increased operation cost for insurance companies. In addition, the popularity of internet and elevated consumer awareness have challenged insurance companies¡¦ traditional marketing model ¡V direct sales force. Therefore, in order to cut down operation cost and expand the market, insurance companies started to develop diversified marketing channels, such as tele-marketing, bank insurance marketing, internet, TV direct sales, etc. New sales channels such as insurance agency and insurance broker also emerged at the same time. Every insurance company has different resources and competitive advantages, and hence created different marketing and operation models. Insurance companies hope to sell insurance through insurance brokers in order to lower operation cost. However, to avoid increasing bargaining power of insurance brokers, insurance companies are reluctant to overly rely on one or two insurance brokers. Insurance brokers, on the other hand, oftentimes recruit sales force from insurance companies to lower training cost. Such competition-cooperation relationship with insurance companies has shaped insurance brokers¡¦ operation model. This research is to analyze the industrial value chain within the insurance industry and to explore the potential operation models for insurance brokers via the five-force analysis of company L.

Nous essayons tout au long de cette thèse de lever le voile sur les aspects obscurs d’une industrie particulière, celle des médias, dans un pays à l’environnement politico-économique d’autant plus complexe : la Chine. Après avoir dans un premier temps défini la convergence des médias, nous verrons quelles sont les différentes formes que celle-ci peut prendre dans l’empire du milieu en comparaison avec les pays occidentaux puis nous expliquerons les raisons qui nous permettrons de comprendre en quoi il est tout à fait logique que la Chine prenne sa propre voie dans tous les domaines et en particulier celui des médias. Nous montrerons ensuite les influences que la convergence peut avoir sur une industrie en particulier : celle du cinéma ; comment tous les maillons de la chaine de valeur, depuis l’investissement jusqu’à la distribution en passant par la production, connaissent grâce à l’évolution des nouvelles technologies médiatiques et leur convergence, une révolution constante. A travers l’étude des lois et autres consignes censés réguler cette industrie, mais aussi des flux complexes que la Chine échange avec l’extérieur tout en essayant de les contrôler, nous montrerons en quoi les enjeux sont si importants dans ce marché en constante évolution. Nous présenterons les principaux acteurs de cette convergence en Chine en les comparant notamment avec le géant américain Netflix puis nous nous poserons la question suivante tout au long de ce travail : comment ces entreprises d’Internet transforment-elles la face du cinéma d’aujourd’hui ? / We will try all along this thesis to lift the veil on the vague aspects of a complex industry: medias, in a country with an even more complex political and economic environment: China. After defining de concept of media convergence, we will see what are its different forms in the Middle Kingdom in comparison with Western countries. We will explain the reasons why China is naturally taking its own path and not necessarily following the Western models, especially in the media industry. We will then show how the convergence influences one industry in particular: the film industry; how all the links of the value chain from investment to production and distribution are affected by the constant evolution of the new media technologies and how they merge with each other. By reviewing the different laws and other instructions that are supposed to rule the film media industry, but also by analyzing the complex flows between China and the rest of the world that the government tries to control, we will show how much is at stake in this huge market. We will present the main actors of this convergence in China comparing them particularly with the American giant Netflix. How these internet giants transform today’s film industry? This is the question we will try to answer all along this research.

Diploma Thesis called “Development of competitiveness of company” deals with Hotel Arigone*** precautions for the hotel competitiveness improvement. The precautions were designed after reviewing of analyses data and evaluation of surveys which were the base for SWOT analysis adjustment. These precautions include location utilization, environmental measures, event marketing and stay packages.

Each year, only around 10% of the produced films will go to theatrical release, and 90% of the produced films might be the missing jewels lost in time. In Taiwan, movie distributors will act as this filter role to find out those 10% films. In this case, we will introduce the basic knowledge of the industry and discuss the evaluation process of the distributors and at the end reaching our conclusions and suggestions.

近年來世界各國的電視產業均開始從類比邁向數位時代，然而有線電視數位化亦已成為其未來的發展趨勢，對於有線電視業者目前除積極提供原有的影音視訊服務外，也開始紛紛推出互動電視等進階服務。因此有線電視在數位化之後首先面臨的問題就是頻道數大幅增加，而要如何經營、如何提供多樣化的服務、及如何定價這些都將會是急待解決的問題。故本研究希望從經濟學的角度、互動數位有線電視整體產業的影響並考量消費者的利益，採用一個創新的方法「創意問題解決理論」(Theoria Resheneyva Isobretatelskehuh Zadach，TRIZ)來討論互動數位有線電視的定價策略。本研究主要研究目的希望以TRIZ的創新方法求出理想解，並建議未來互動電視之定價策略，提供政府政策做為未來訂定數位電視價格之參考。 本研究建議有線電視在進行互動數位電視發展時應針對不同的頻道服務採取不同的差別定價：對於免費收看的頻道可依據廣告播出的形式分為基本免費頻道與選擇性免費頻道，而付費頻道則可分為單一計價方式、組合計價方式與差別計價。對於法規政策本研究則建議取消費率上限原則、重新訂定節目廣告化與廣告節目化的認定原則與開放有線電視跨區經營的限制。 / In recent years, global television industry is moving from analog to digital era, and digitalization becomes a trend. The cable operators start to offer advanced services such as interactive televisions in addition to their existing video and audio services. Major issues facing the cable operators include how to operate their businesses, how to provide a variety of services, and how to justify their prices with the substantially increasing channels after digitalization. This study is to discuss the pricing strategy of the digital cable TV using an innovative method of “creative problem-solving theory”(Theoria Resheneyva Isobretatelskehuh Zadach,TRIZ) from the perspectives of economic development, industry, and consumers. We also recommend the pricing strategies for the digital cable TV industry and the government’s price policy based on the TRIZ results. This study suggests that the pricing policy for the digital cable TV industry is to offer different services with reasonable price discrimination. For example, free channels can be categorized into basic cable channels and optional cable channels with cable TV advertising. The pricing strategies for the pay channels are the fixing pricing strategy, product bundle pricing strategy, and differential pricing strategy. This study also suggests the authorities to make rate cap expiration, to re-regulate the advertising nature of programs and program-like television advertisings, and to cancel the limitation of the service area of the cable system.