La forte prévalence des troubles des conduites alimentaires (TCA) chez les jeunes femmes et les faibles taux de rémission suite à un traitement ont encouragé les chercheurs à mieux comprendre les facteurs impliqués dans ce trouble mental. L’un des premiers modèles à mettre l’emphase sur des traits de personnalité associés au développement d’un TCA a été proposé par Hilde Bruch (1962, 1973, 1978) et a toujours une grande influence dans la recherche actuelle. Le modèle de Bruch inclue trois facteurs, soit l’insatisfaction corporelle, l’inefficacité et la conscience intéroceptive. Le but de cette thèse est d’apporter un support empirique au modèle de Bruch. En se basant sur une revue extensive des écrits scientifiques, cette thèse vise aussi à déterminer si deux facteurs reliés, soit l’alexithymie et le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle face à l’adoption de conduites alimentaires saines, améliorent la précision du modèle dans la prédiction de symptômes de TCA. Pour répondre empiriquement à cette question, il était d’abord nécessaire de disposer d’un questionnaire évaluant le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle en lien avec les conduites alimentaires qui peut être utilisé dans tout le spectre de présentation des TCA. Ainsi, le Eating Disorder Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (EDRSQ) a été adapté en français et ses propriétés psychométriques ont été évaluées. Une analyse factorielle confirmatoire a révélé une structure bi-factorielle, soit le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle en lien avec l’insatisfaction corporelle et avec l’adoption d’une alimentation normative. Chaque échelle a démontré une bonne fiabilité ainsi qu’une validité de construit cohérente avec la théorie. Par la suite, la capacité des facteurs proposés par Bruch à prédire les symptômes de TCA a été évaluée et comparée à des adaptations du modèle découlant des écrits. Au total, 203 étudiantes de premier cycle universitaire ont complété les versions validées en français du Eating Disorder Inventory 2, du Eating Attitudes Test, et du Toronto Alexithymia Scale en plus du EDRSQ. Les résultats montrent que le modèle de Bruch explique 46% de la variance des symptômes de TCA. Alors que l’insatisfaction corporelle et la conscience intéroceptive démontrent chacun une contribution importante dans la prédiction des symptômes de TCA, il a été démontré que l’inefficacité présente seulement une contribution spécifique négligeable. Le modèle de Bruch est amélioré par la substitution de l’inefficacité par le sentiment d’efficacité personnelle tel que mesuré par le EDRSQ; le modèle explique alors 64% de la variance des symptômes de TCA. Finalement, cette étude démontre que l’alexithymie n’a pas de contribution spécifique dans la prédiction des symptômes de TCA. Ainsi, la combinaison d’une faible conscience intéroceptive, de l’insatisfaction corporelle et d’un faible sentiment d’efficacité personnelle en lien avec les conduites alimentaires est fortement associée aux symptômes de TCA dans un échantillon non-clinique de jeunes femmes. Finalement, les implications conceptuelles et cliniques de ces résultats sont discutées. / High prevalence of Eating Disorders (EDs) amongst young women and poor treatment outcome rates have urged researchers to better understand premorbid factors involved in the pathology. One of the first models to emphasize premorbid personality factors in order to explain eating disorders was proposed by Hilde Bruch (1962, 1973, 1978) and is still very influential in today’s literature. Bruch’s model included three factors, namely body dissatisfaction, ineffectiveness and interoceptive awareness. The purpose of this thesis was to provide an empirical validation of Bruch’s theoretical model. Based on the literature, this thesis also aimed to determine if two related concepts, namely alexithymia and eating self-efficacy, improved the accuracy of the model in predicting ED symptoms. To empirically answer this question, it was first deemed necessary to have an eating self-efficacy questionnaire that could be used within all the spectrum of ED pathology. Therefore, the Eating Disorder Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (EDRSQ) was adapted to French and its’ psychometric properties were assessed. A confirmatory factor analysis revealed a bi-factorial structure, which were Body Image Self-Efficacy and Normative Eating Self-Efficacy. Both scales demonstrated evidence of reliability and theoretically consistent evidence of construct validity. Afterwards, Bruch’s factors ability to predict ED symptoms was assessed and then compared to empirically driven adaptations of the model. A total of 203 undergraduate females completed the Eating Disorder Inventory 2, Eating Attitudes Test, and Toronto Alexithymia Scale, as well as the EDRSQ. The results indicated that Bruch’s model accounted for 46% of the variance in eating symptomatology. While body dissatisfaction and interoceptive awareness both demonstrated an important contribution in predicting ED symptomatology, ineffectiveness was found to have a negligible specific contribution. Bruch’s model was improved by substituting ineffectiveness with eating self-efficacy as measured by the EDRSQ; it then accounted for 64% of the variance in eating disorder symptoms. Finally, this study demonstrated that alexithymia was not a specific predictor of eating disorder symptoms. Thus, a combination of lack of interoceptive awareness, body dissatisfaction and low eating self-efficacy is strongly associated with symptoms of eating disorders in a non-clinical sample of women. Finally, the conceptual and clinical implications of these findings were discussed.

This dissertation addresses the risk society in the context of urban- environmental risks and their legal treatment, to evaluate the state practice validation of organized irresponsibility in matters of urban- environmental risks. For this, it begins by presenting the case of Vale do Reginaldo , a region located in the city of Maceió/AL , which includes a number of features typical of the legal texts and doctrinal names " risk area" , sometimes called "poor community" or "favela" . Among these characters is the massive human interference in natural processes, the low purchasing power of the population and the periodic occurrence of environmental disasters. Examines the site since its abiotic system to the human system, including the history of population density of the region, in order to analyze the recent interventions Vale Reginaldo’s Revitalization Program, which integrates the activities of the Union , State and City . Each took loved some basic responsibilities, which should be integrated and contribute to the mitigation of flood risks , slip and landslides , safeguarding the population that currently inhabits housing risk . Years before this project, others were developed and proceeded to the mapping of risk areas in the region. Presented the case, is considered the legal treatment of urban and environmental risks from the international context to the content of constitutional legislation, noting the ineffectiveness in the case of several standards exposed . The theory of risk society, modeled initially by Ulrich Beck , and evaluated in the third part of the work , is the basis to explain and justify the observed situations . / Esta dissertação aborda a sociedade de risco no contexto dos riscos urbano-ambientais e seu tratamento jurídico, visando avaliar a prática estatal de validação da irresponsabilidade organizada em matéria de riscos urbano-ambientais. Para isso, inicia-se o trabalho apresentando o caso do Vale do Reginaldo, região situada no Município de Maceió/AL, que comporta uma série de características típicas do que os textos legais e doutrinários nomeiam “área de risco”, outras vezes designada “comunidade carente” ou “favela”. Entre estes caracteres se encontra a massiva interferência humana nos processos naturais, o baixo poder aquisitivo da população e a periódica ocorrência de desastres ambientais. Examina-se o local desde seu sistema abiótico até o sistema humano, incluindo o histórico de adensamento demográfico da região, para poder analisar as recentes intervenções do Programa de Revitalização do Vale do Reginaldo, que integra a atuação da União, Estado e Município. Cada um dos entes assumiu algumas responsabilidades básicas, que deveriam estar integradas e concorrer para a mitigação dos riscos de inundação, deslizamento e desbarrancamentos, salvaguardando a população que atualmente habita moradias de risco. Anos antes deste projeto, outros foram desenvolvidos e procedeu-se ao mapeamento das áreas de risco na região. Apresentado o caso concreto, é analisado o tratamento jurídico dos riscos urbano ambientais, desde o contexto internacional até o conteúdo da legislação infraconstitucional, observando-se a inefetividade no caso concreto de diversas normas expostas. A teoria da sociedade de risco, modelada inicialmente por Ulrich Beck, e avaliada na terceira parte do trabalho, serve de base para explicar e justificar as situações observadas.

Submitted by JÚLIO HEBER SILVA (julioheber@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-27T16:55:17Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rômulo César Barbosa Marques - 2017.pdf: 2480364 bytes, checksum: 3181193310f4e4b7fd3fe0734c453eaa (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-10-30T10:55:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rômulo César Barbosa Marques - 2017.pdf: 2480364 bytes, checksum: 3181193310f4e4b7fd3fe0734c453eaa (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-30T10:55:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Rômulo César Barbosa Marques - 2017.pdf: 2480364 bytes, checksum: 3181193310f4e4b7fd3fe0734c453eaa (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-08-28 / In Brazil and in Goiás there are numerous programs aimed at family agriculture, among them rural extension, with characteristics in its design and application that are problematic. This study shows that the problems are related to the lack of compliance with constitutional and legal determinations, lack of systemic concepts in the management of agricultural properties, as well as a lack of regional specialization that considers the knowledge of small rural producers and that can bring benefits to the chain Productive. What is perceived is a mistaken conception of such policies by starting from an erroneous conception of public function. And although it is a practical, enforcement and law-making observation, it has its best study, in a more detailed way, from the theoretical frameworks used, namely, Anthony Giddens, Ricardo Abramovay and Amartya Sen, with emphasis on the call Reflective modernity and development, based on economic, social, political and cultural concepts. After analyzing the policies of ATERs, we propose to present a policy currently employed in pilot projects by the state of Goiás, as a result of research and improvements for decades of activity of EMATER - GO - Technical Assistance and Rural Extension Company in Goiás. Results and how they have collaborated for a productive chain on a macroscopic scale is the ultimate goal to demonstrate that a new way of carrying out technical assistance and rural extension programs can and should be urgently implemented throughout the country as a development policy under the most Different aspects. Methodologically, the present research was based mainly on bibliographical readings of works and sites that bring elements related to the theme. / No Brasil e em Goiás há inúmeros programas voltados para a agricultura familiar, entre eles a extensão rural, com características em sua concepção e aplicação que são problemáticas. Este estudo mostra que os problemas estão relacionados à ausência de cumprimento de determinações constitucionais e legais, falta de conceitos sistêmicos na gestão das propriedades agrícolas, bem como uma ausência de especialização regional que contemple os conhecimentos de pequenos produtores rurais e que podem trazer benefícios à cadeia produtiva. O que se percebe é uma concepção equivocada de tais políticas por partir de uma errada concepção de função pública. E embora seja uma constatação de ordem prática, de aplicação e constituição da lei, tem seu melhor estudo, de forma mais detalhada, a partir dos marcos teóricos utilizados, quais sejam, Anthony Giddens, Ricardo Abramovay e Amartya Sen, com destaque para a chamada modernidade reflexiva e desenvolvimento, calcada a partir de conceitos econômicos, sociais, políticos e culturais. Para tanto, após uma análise das políticas de ATERs, propomos apresentar uma política atualmente empregada em projetos piloto pelo estado de Goiás, fruto de pesquisas e melhoramentos por décadas de atividade da EMATER – GO – Empresa de Assistência Técnica e Extensão Rural em Goiás. Seus resultados e como têm colaborado para uma cadeia produtiva em escala macroscópica é o objetivo final, para demonstrar que uma nova forma de realizar programas de assistência técnica e extensão rural pode e deve ser implantada com urgência em todo o país como política de desenvolvimento sob os mais diversos aspectos. Metodologicamente, a presente pesquisa fundamentou-se essencialmente em leituras bibliográficas de obras e sítios que trazem elementos relacionados ao tema.

A presente dissertação tem como o objetivo discutir as dificuldades adicionais de legitimação do Estado Democrático de Direito na Modernidade Periférica, a partir da observação do caso brasileiro. O marco teórico adotado será a teoria dos sistemas de Niklas Luhmann. Para Luhmann, o Estado Democrático de Direito deve ser compreendido como resultado da diferenciação entre o sistema político e o sistema jurídico. Os traços característicos da realidade brasileira (como a exclusão, o personalismo e a corrupção) prejudicam o cumprimento das funções desses dois sistemas funcionais. A falta de confiabilidade, equidade e acessibilidade dos procedimentos estatais, por sua vez, compromete a sua capacidade de absorver e intermediar a conflituosidade social, prejudicando a aceitação das decisões estatais. / This work has as objective to discuss the additional difficulties of legitimation of the democratic state of law in Peripheral modernity, from the observation of the Brazilian case. The theoretical framework adopted is the systems theory of Niklas Luhmann. For Luhmann, the democratic state must be understood as the result of differentiation between the political system and legal system. The characteristics of the Brazilian reality (such as exclusion, personalism and corruption) affect the functions of these two functional systems. The lack of reliability, equity and accessibility of state procedures, in turn, compromises their ability to absorb and mediate the social conflicts, undermining the acceptance of government decisions

The study focuses on the experiences of female cyclists who participate in the cycling club at a tertiary institution in South Africa. By qualitatively exploring these experiences an attempt was made to understand how female cyclists narrate themselves within a specific context. In embarking on this research I have worked from a narrative position that focuses on experiences that people live on a daily basis. The way people tell about these experiences allows them to make sense of their lives. People’s experiences are shaped by history and culture which allows them to tell their narratives differently as context and time differs. The methodology employed is that of narrative analysis which entails attending, telling, transcribing, analysing and reading the text presented by the participants. Themes introduced by the participants were analysed and commented upon by the researcher in the final chapters. / Dissertation (MA (Counselling Psychology))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Psychology / unrestricted

La question de l’effectivité de la sanction pénale fait régulièrement débat. La sanction pénale serait, bien souvent, partiellement effective. Il faut dire que selon une acception classiquement répandue, l’effectivité de la sanction pénale correspondrait au taux d’application de la sanction prononcée et au rapport de conformité entre la sanction prononcée et la sanction exécutée. Tout écart entre ces deux pôles serait la manifestation d’une situation d’ineffectivité. Cette approche de l’effectivité est réductrice, elle ne permet pas d’appréhender cette notion dans sa globalité. Considérant comme effectif « ce qui produit un effet », l’étude de l’effectivité de la sanction pénale ne peut se limiter à une simple vérification de la correspondance entre la sanction prononcée et la sanction exécutée, elle s’étend à l’appréciation des effets produits par la sanction. L’effectivité, qui est un état, ne peut se confondre avec l’exécution qui correspond à l’ensemble du processus permettant d’y parvenir. Au cœur de la recherche de production des effets de la sanction, l’exécution est alors source de l’effectivité recherchée. Selon toute probabilité, la sanction exécutée produira des effets. Pourtant, sauf à vider de son sens la notion d’effectivité, il n’est pas possible de considérer que tous les effets que la sanction est susceptible de produire relèvent de son effectivité. Seuls les effets conformes à la finalité qui lui est assignée intègrent cette notion. Tout en distinguant l’effectivité de l’efficacité, l’effectivité de la sanction s’appréciera à l’aune des effets qui contribuent au maintien de la paix sociale. / The question of the effectiveness of criminal sanction is the cause of great debate. The criminal sanction would be, so often, partially effective. It must be said that according to common thinking, the effectiveness of criminal sanction corresponds to the rate of application of the pronounced sanction and to the relation of conformity between the pronounced sanction and the executed sanction. Any difference between these two poles could be seen as the demonstration of a situation of ineffectiveness. This approach of the effectiveness is simplistic, it does not make it possible to apprehend this notion in its entirety. Considering as effective “what produces an effect”, the study of the effectiveness of criminal sanction cannot be limited to simply checking the correspondence between the pronounced sanction and the executed sanction, it extends to the evaluation of the effects produced by the sanction. The effectiveness, which is a state, cannot nevertheless be confused with the execution which corresponds to the whole of the process making it possible to reach that point. At the core of the search for the production of the sanction’s effects, the execution is then the source of the required effectiveness. In all probability, the executed sanction will produce effects. However, unless we empty the notion of effectiveness of its meaning, it is not possible to consider that all of the effects which the sanction is likely to produce concern its effectiveness. Only the effects in conformity with the finality which is assigned to it integrate this notion. While distinguishing the effectiveness from the efficacy, the effectiveness of the sanction will be assessed in light of the effects which contribute to the maintenance of social peace.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luiz Gonzaga Modesto de Paula.pdf: 875427 bytes, checksum: b4a908614bb8c9e5682088bfcaba5c61 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-26 / This research has the purpose of studying the legal measures taken by Brazilian legislation to mitigate the failure of the business activity and its externalities . Focusing on the ineffectiveness and repeal of acts performed by the debtor before the bankruptcy - either as a result of the failure of his/her attempts of reorganization , whether as a result of direct petition of the dissatisfied creditor - the study also comprises the objective , principles and innovations governed by law 11.101/2005 (Bankruptcy Law) . The legal safeguarding of the creditors' rights does not begin on the date of the reorganization petition or declaration of bankruptcy of the insolvent entrepreneur. It extends up to the final legal solution to such business crisis and dates back to the period that precedes the petition of reorganization or the bankruptcy filing. Such assumptions for protection of the creditors rights affected by practices that precede the adjudication of bankruptcy will also be reviewed in this dissertation. Some of the practices of an entrepreneur facing a crisis, justified by the fear of imminent breakdown, could have been considered legal if not for the adjudication of bankruptcy. These are subject of judicial intervention to remove their effectiveness or have them revoked, as a protection to the creditors rights .Such scenario imposes a legal defense against predatory acts of the entrepreneur facing a crisis. This leads to the study of the hypotheses of objective inefficiency and the particulars of the revocation suit till reaching the exceptions to the possibility of declaration of ineffectiveness by the bankruptcy judge. Legal transactions with potential to enforce the attendance of one of the creditors to the detriment of others has received special attention from the legislature which has resulted in a number of practices considered ineffective in relation to the bankrupt estate ( articles 129 , I to VII ) . Besides these legal hypotheses, article 130 of the law decrees the ineffectiveness of any transaction made by the debtor before bankruptcy when it is proven that such practices intend to harm creditors / Esta pesquisa tem por finalidade estudar as medidas jurídicas adotadas pela legislação brasileira para amenizar o insucesso da atividade empresarial e as suas externalidades. Com foco na ineficácia e na revogação dos atos praticados pelo devedor antes da falência quer como resultado do fracasso das suas tentativas de recuperação, quer como resultado de pedido direto de credor não satisfeito o estudo envolve ainda os objetivos, novidades e princípios que regem a Lei n.11.101/2005 (Lei Falimentar). O resguardo legal dos direitos dos credores não começa na data do pedido de recuperação ou de decretação da falência do empresário insolvente, mas se estende até a final solução jurídica da crise empresarial e retroage a período anterior à data do ingresso do pedido de recuperação ou do requerimento de falência. E são essas hipóteses de resguardo do direito dos credores atingidos por atos anteriores à decretação da quebra que também serão avaliadas nesta dissertação. Algumas das condutas do empresário em crise, justificadas pelo temor da quebra iminente, e que poderiam ser consideradas lícitas se não sobreviesse a decretação da falência, são suscetíveis de intervenção judicial para lhes retirar a eficácia ou revogá-las, como medida de proteção aos direitos dos credores. O cenário impõe a defesa judicial contra a ação predatória do empresário em crise e leva ao estudo das hipóteses de ineficácia objetiva e das particularidades da ação revocatória até chegar às exceções à possibilidade de decretação de ineficácia pelo juiz falimentar. Os negócios jurídicos com potencial de fazer prevalecer o atendimento a um dos credores em prejuízo dos demais receberam do legislador uma atenção especial que resultou numa relação de condutas consideradas ineficazes em relação à massa falida (art. 129, I a VII). Além destas hipóteses legais, o art.130 da lei decreta a ineficácia de qualquer negócio realizado pelo devedor, antes da quebra quando provada a prática de atos com a intenção de prejudicar credores

La notion d’inopérance des moyens a acquis, en particulier depuis ces dernières années, une place majeure dans le contentieux administratif français. Le juge l’utilise fréquemment dans ses décisions et les membres de la doctrine ne manquent pas de l’employer dans leurs travaux. Pourtant, aucune étude d’ampleur, consacrée spécifiquement à la notion et appréhendant l’ensemble de ses aspects, n’a, jusqu’à présent, été entreprise. Ceci explique qu’elle soit, aujourd’hui, mal connue et apparaisse, au premier abord, difficile à cerner. Les manifestations de ce caractère insaisissable sont multiples : ainsi, par exemple, l’inopérance se voit souvent confondue avec l’irrecevabilité ; de même, les raisons pour lesquelles le juge constate, dans telle ou telle espèce, l’inopérance du moyen invoqué, sont mal identifiées ; de même encore,lorsqu’ils ne sont pas tout simplement niés, les effets procéduraux de l’inopérance sont largement sous-estimés. À partir d’un examen approfondi de la jurisprudence et des pratiques adoptées par la juridiction administrative, l’étude a eu pour objet de procéder à une clarification de la notion d’inopérance des moyens. Il s’est agi, d’abord, d’en délimiter les contours et d’en déterminer le contenu, en proposant une définition de l’inopérance. Il s’est agi, ensuite, de présenter, de façon raisonnée, les facteurs susceptibles d’entraîner le caractère inopérant des moyens, en proposant une systématisation des causes de l’inopérance. Il s’est agi, enfin, d’expliciter les éléments du régime juridique de l’inopérance et la façon dont le juge les met en oeuvre, en proposant une analyse détaillée de ses conséquences. / The notion itself of the ineffectiveness of pleas has acquired, especially in recent years, a major place in the French administrative judicial procedure. The judge often refers to it in his/her decisions and the members of the legal doctrine use it in their own work. However, no significant study, devoted entirely to this concept and focusing on all its aspects, has so farbeen undertaken. This is why today this notion is little known and appears at first difficult to apprehend. Manifestations of this elusive aspect are numerous : for instance, theineffectiveness of pleas is often mistaken with the inadmissibility of pleas ; in the same way,the reasons why a judge declares, in a given case, that a plea is ineffective are poorly identified; similarly, when they are not just denied, the procedural effects of ineffective pleas are seriously underestimated. From an in-depth examination of case law and practices adopted by administrative courts, the purpose of this thesis is to clarify the notion of the ineffectiveness of pleas. First, in order to set the contours and determine the content of this concept, we will propose a definition of the ineffectiveness of pleas. Then, to describe and present, in a reasoned manner, the factors that might cause a plea to be declared ineffective, we will propose a systematization of the causes of ineffectiveness of pleas. Finally, to make explicitthe elements of the legal regime of ineffectiveness of pleas and how the judge implements them, we will provide a detailed analysis of its consequences.

THE TITLE OF THE DIPLOMA THESIS AND ABSTRACT TITLE: Transaction Avoidance in Insolvency Proceedings Comparison of Czech and British Legislation ABSTRACT: The general goal of transaction avoidance in insolvency proceedings is to prevent the adverse effects of economic entity's collapse that might be multiplied both by an interest of the collapsing entity to dispose the residual property to connected or associated subjects and by a plurality of creditors with conflicting interests and logical motivation not to be subjected to the mandatory rules of the insolvency proceedings. The current attitude and status of Czech legislation and jurisprudence to transaction avoidance is affected by the fact that within the socialism (and the related decadence of jurisprudence) this legislation could not sufficiently evolve which resulted in a situation that Czech legislation is currently dealing with multiple theoretical and practical deficiencies that neighboring legal systems have dealt with many decades ago. The main goal of this theses is to provide thorough analysis of both Czech and (with regards to the content limit of this theses) also the British legislation and to point out the most crucial deficiencies in Czech legislation and possible inspiration in the British legislation. The theses is divided into four...

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Quiet Time Programme as a technique to maintain learner discipline in primary schools in Chatsworth, Durban. Data regarding the impact of the Quiet Time Programme on positive discipline was collected. Questionnaires were used to collect the data. Data was collected from principals, educators and learners. Three primary schools in Chatsworth were used. A quantitative research approach was used in this study. The empirical investigation revealed that there are many learner discipline issues that educators are faced with on a daily basis. The investigation also demonstrated the ineffectiveness of the alternatives to Corporal Punishment that are used at schools currently. This study introduced the Quiet Time Model. Principals, educators and learners revealed their perceptions of the Quiet Time Programme. The study concluded with the discussion of the major findings emanating from the data analysis. Recommendations have been provided to schools for drawing up their discipline policies. The role of the principals, parents, educators and learners play in creating an environment conducive to teaching and learning must be considered. Some techniques to keep all stakeholders interested and inspired in the implementation of new discipline techniques are provided. / Educational Management and Leadership / M. Ed. (Education Management)