Submitted by (ana.araujo@ufrpe.br) on 2017-02-21T13:38:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Guimaraes Lago Pinheiro.pdf: 1345137 bytes, checksum: dd311733f8b60dbc79fa8fc2930d2a15 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-21T13:38:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Guimaraes Lago Pinheiro.pdf: 1345137 bytes, checksum: dd311733f8b60dbc79fa8fc2930d2a15 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-07-21 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Recently the use of heliconia as cut flowers, stimulated the interest of the use of new species in landscaping. Those plants offer beauty and exoticism to the garden and follows the tendency of landscape projects with native plants. The Heliconia genus, Heliconiaceae family, have plants with exotic inflorescences in vibrant colors that range for yellow, orange, red, and pink that are characterizes as tropical gardens plants. There are around 182 species of Heliconia, nevertheless, due to the lack of knowledge on the individual characteristics of the species from this genus, only a few are used as ornamental plants by landscape professionals. This work was carried out to evaluate ornamental characteristics of genotypes from Heliconia, grown in full sun in the period January to December 2008, as well as involve them in landscape applications. The experiment was conducted at Heliconias Germoplasm Collection of Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), through analysis for the qualitative and quantitative characteristics related to clump and inflorescences aspect of this genotypes. Except for cv. Red Opal, H. psittacorum cultivars and its interspecific hybrids were considered to be short plants (less than 1.51 meters height) and adequate as a massive flower bed that would not interfere on the views and may be used to complement design lines, generating ambiences and ordering the garden spaces. The genotypes H. collinsiana, H. rostrata and H. foreroi showed inflorescences which last longer than 78 days in good conditions in the clump, which is an remarkable aspect in the landscape. H. bihai inflorescences was difficult to visualize, its bracts accumulate water, attract insects and have odor. An experiment conduct from January 2007 to July 2008 permitted evaluated Heliconia x nickeriensis to ornamental characteristics and management for garden use. It’s described as short height plant, with quick development, dispersed type of clump architecture and open growth habit. The clump area reached 5.14 m2 at 18 months after planting (MAP), demonstrading the necessity of a large space for development . The shoots emission in the internal part of the clump permitted a complete soil coverage. The dark green leaves contrast with the yellow-orange inflorescence which are easily visualized above its foliage. The flowering period started at 9 MAP, reaching an emission of more than 17 inflorescences per clumb at 17 MAP. The inflorescences kept the quality for more than 25 days after its emittion in the clump. This genotype represents a good option to be used either isolated, for covering large open areas, or grouped with other ornamental plants to create compositions with different colors, forms and textures. This heliconias have particularities that confer acceptation and adequacy to landscape design, allowing the landscape professionals to diversify plant specifications. / Recentemente o uso das helicônias como flores de corte, despertou o interesse da utilização de novas espécies no paisagismo que, além de oferecer beleza e exotismo ao jardim, segue a tendência atual de projetos paisagísticos com plantas nativas. O gênero Heliconia, pertencente à família Heliconiaceae, apresenta inflorescências com cores vibrantes, que variam entre as cores amarelo, laranja, vermelho e rosa, conferindo exoticidade e caracterizando-as como plantas de jardins tropicais. Embora existam cerca de 182 espécies de helicônias, poucas são utilizadas como plantas ornamentais e indicadas por profissionais da área de arquitetura e paisagismo. Isso acontece devido ao reduzido conhecimento das características individuais das espécies. Este trabalho foi conduzido com o objetivo de avaliar características ornamentais de genótipos do gênero Heliconia, cultivados a pleno sol, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2008, como também associá-las a aplicações paisagísticas. O experimento foi desenvolvido na Coleção de Germoplasma de Helicônias da Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), através de estudos das características qualitativas e quantitativas relacionadas a touceiras e inflorescências dos genótipos. Com exceção cv. Red Opol, as cultivares e os híbridos interespecíficos de Heliconia psittacorum apresentaram pequeno porte (altura inferior a 1,51 metros) e por isso podem ser utilizadas em maciços. As inflorescências de H. collinsiana, H. rostrata e H. foreroi permaneceram na touceira por mais de 78 dias, mantendo o conjunto florido por longo período, característica importante para o paisagismo. A espécie H. bihai apresentou difícil visualização das inflorescências, acúmulo de água nas brácteas, atração a insetos e odor desagradável. O Experimento conduzido em janeiro de 2007 a julho de 2008 permitiu o acompanhamento mais detalhado da Heliconia x nickeriensis. As touceiras deste genótipo foram consideradas de pequeno porte, com desenvolvimento rápido e hábito de crescimento aberto. A área de ocupação da touceira chegou 5,14 m2, 18 meses após o plantio (MAP), evidenciando a necessidade de um grande espaço para o desenvolvimento desta. A emissão de perfilhos na parte interna da touceira permitiu uma completa cobertura do solo. As folhas verde-escuras contrastam com as inflorescências amarelo-laranja, que são facilmente visualizadas acima de sua folhagem. O período de floração começou 9 (MAP), atingindo uma emissão de mais de 17 inflorescências por touceira por mês, até os 17 MAP. As inflorescências mantiveram a qualidade nas touceiras por mais de 25 dias após a emissão. Este genótipo representa uma boa opção para uso isolado, para cobertura de grandes áreas, ou agrupados com outras plantas ornamentais para criação de composições com diferentes cores, formas e texturas. Estas helicônias apresentaram particularidades que lhes permitem o uso no paisagismo, de modo diversificado a partir de suas diferentes formas, portes e cores nos projetos paisagísticos.

The olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most ancient fruit trees and has been cultivated for its oil in the Mediterranean area for thousands of years. Today, the consumption of olive oil and table olives is increasing both in traditional producing countries and the entire world. Most olive cultivars are self-incompatible and do not produce a commercial yield after self pollination. In this thesis, inflorescence architecture and sexual compatibility relationships of some olive cultivars, and gene expression in olive pistils during flowering were studied. To study the inflorescence architecture of olive, 45 inflorescences in each of the cultivars Manzanillo, Mission, and Frantoio were checked every morning from flower opening to petal fall. The flower position on the inflorescence had a highly significant effect on the opening day in all cultivars. Terminal flowers and the flowers located on the primary branches opened earlier than flowers located on the secondary branches. Flower position also had a highly significant effect on gender in Manzanillo and Mission. In Manzanillo, the secondary branches had fewer perfect flowers than the primary branches. In Mission, the secondary branches had no perfect flowers at all. In Manzanillo, perfect flowers had significantly longer petal persistence than staminate flowers. To study flower competition within the inflorescence, the distal halves, on which the flowers tend to be perfect, of 120 inflorescences in three trees of Manzanillo were removed about one month before full bloom. This resulted in a highly significant increase in the percentage of perfect flowers on the proximal halves. The effects of shoot orientation and inflorescence location on inflorescence characteristics in the cultivars Frantoio, Kalamata, and Koroneiki were also studied. For each cultivar, inflorescence characteristics in three sections of shoots (top, middle, and base) and four sides of the three selected trees (north, south, east, and west) were recorded. The statistical analysis showed that basal inflorescences were shorter and with fewer flowers but with the same percentage of perfect flowers. Shoot orientation did not have any influence on these characteristics in any of the cultivars. Sexual compatibility was assessed using two methods. In the first method, controlled crossings were performed in the cultivars Frantoio, Koroneiki, and Kalamata. The pistils were harvested one week after hand pollination and stained with 0.1% aniline blue. The styles and ovules were separated, mounted in 80% glycerol, and observed under a fluorescence microscope. In Frantoio and Koroneiki, the number of ovules penetrated by a pollen tube was used to estimate the level of sexual compatibility. In Kalamata, the numbers of ovules penetrated by pollen tubes were not significantly different between treatments; therefore, the number of pollen tubes in the lower style was used. All the cultivars studied were self- incompatible. Frantoio (as a host) was incompatible with Koroneiki and Barnea but partially compatible with Mission. Koroneiki (as a host) was incompatible with Barnea but partially compatible with Frantoio and Mission. Kalamata (as a host) was compatible with Barnea, incompatible with Mission and Koroneiki in 2004, but partially compatible with them in 2005. In the second method, eight microsatellite markers were used for genotyping three Kalamata mother trees, 40 embryos per mother tree, and all the potential pollen donors. Genotyping data were analysed using FaMoz software, and the number of embryos assigned to each putative pollen donor was determined. Paternity analysis showed that Kalamata (as a host) was self-incompatible, compatible with Barnea, Benito, and Katsourela, but incompatible with Arbequina, Azapa, and Picual. To study the gene expression in olive pistils during flowering, a genomic approach was initiated using cDNA subtractive array analysis. Total RNA was isolated from olive pistils at two developmental stages, where self-incompatibility (SI) genes are expected to be differentially expressed: 1) small green flower buds (expression of SI genes not expected) and 2) large white flower buds containing receptive pistils just prior to opening (expression of SI genes expected). From each stage, cDNA libraries were prepared and put through forward and reverse subtractive hybridisations to enrich for differentially expressed cDNAs in stage 2. Macroarrays were prepared by printing 2304 differentially expressed cDNAs onto nylon membranes and hybridised with forwardand reverse-subtracted probes. The analysis identified 90 up-regulated cDNA clones highly expressed in receptive pistils. Further subtracted and unsubtracted hybridisations confirmed up-regulation of the majority of these cDNAs. Gene expression profiles across different tissues showed that most of the genes were pistil-specific. The expression pattern of the genes showed high similarity in Kalamata, Frantoio, Barnea, and Pendolino. All the screened genes were sequenced and their similarities were searched in the NCBI database. The most redundant and interesting up-regulated clones were those similar to a receptor protein kinase-like protein. Some versions of this protein play a role in the sporophytic SI system of Brassica and the gametophytic SI system of Papaver and rye. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1325369 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2008

The olive (Olea europaea L.) is one of the most ancient fruit trees and has been cultivated for its oil in the Mediterranean area for thousands of years. Today, the consumption of olive oil and table olives is increasing both in traditional producing countries and the entire world. Most olive cultivars are self-incompatible and do not produce a commercial yield after self pollination. In this thesis, inflorescence architecture and sexual compatibility relationships of some olive cultivars, and gene expression in olive pistils during flowering were studied. To study the inflorescence architecture of olive, 45 inflorescences in each of the cultivars Manzanillo, Mission, and Frantoio were checked every morning from flower opening to petal fall. The flower position on the inflorescence had a highly significant effect on the opening day in all cultivars. Terminal flowers and the flowers located on the primary branches opened earlier than flowers located on the secondary branches. Flower position also had a highly significant effect on gender in Manzanillo and Mission. In Manzanillo, the secondary branches had fewer perfect flowers than the primary branches. In Mission, the secondary branches had no perfect flowers at all. In Manzanillo, perfect flowers had significantly longer petal persistence than staminate flowers. To study flower competition within the inflorescence, the distal halves, on which the flowers tend to be perfect, of 120 inflorescences in three trees of Manzanillo were removed about one month before full bloom. This resulted in a highly significant increase in the percentage of perfect flowers on the proximal halves. The effects of shoot orientation and inflorescence location on inflorescence characteristics in the cultivars Frantoio, Kalamata, and Koroneiki were also studied. For each cultivar, inflorescence characteristics in three sections of shoots (top, middle, and base) and four sides of the three selected trees (north, south, east, and west) were recorded. The statistical analysis showed that basal inflorescences were shorter and with fewer flowers but with the same percentage of perfect flowers. Shoot orientation did not have any influence on these characteristics in any of the cultivars. Sexual compatibility was assessed using two methods. In the first method, controlled crossings were performed in the cultivars Frantoio, Koroneiki, and Kalamata. The pistils were harvested one week after hand pollination and stained with 0.1% aniline blue. The styles and ovules were separated, mounted in 80% glycerol, and observed under a fluorescence microscope. In Frantoio and Koroneiki, the number of ovules penetrated by a pollen tube was used to estimate the level of sexual compatibility. In Kalamata, the numbers of ovules penetrated by pollen tubes were not significantly different between treatments; therefore, the number of pollen tubes in the lower style was used. All the cultivars studied were self- incompatible. Frantoio (as a host) was incompatible with Koroneiki and Barnea but partially compatible with Mission. Koroneiki (as a host) was incompatible with Barnea but partially compatible with Frantoio and Mission. Kalamata (as a host) was compatible with Barnea, incompatible with Mission and Koroneiki in 2004, but partially compatible with them in 2005. In the second method, eight microsatellite markers were used for genotyping three Kalamata mother trees, 40 embryos per mother tree, and all the potential pollen donors. Genotyping data were analysed using FaMoz software, and the number of embryos assigned to each putative pollen donor was determined. Paternity analysis showed that Kalamata (as a host) was self-incompatible, compatible with Barnea, Benito, and Katsourela, but incompatible with Arbequina, Azapa, and Picual. To study the gene expression in olive pistils during flowering, a genomic approach was initiated using cDNA subtractive array analysis. Total RNA was isolated from olive pistils at two developmental stages, where self-incompatibility (SI) genes are expected to be differentially expressed: 1) small green flower buds (expression of SI genes not expected) and 2) large white flower buds containing receptive pistils just prior to opening (expression of SI genes expected). From each stage, cDNA libraries were prepared and put through forward and reverse subtractive hybridisations to enrich for differentially expressed cDNAs in stage 2. Macroarrays were prepared by printing 2304 differentially expressed cDNAs onto nylon membranes and hybridised with forwardand reverse-subtracted probes. The analysis identified 90 up-regulated cDNA clones highly expressed in receptive pistils. Further subtracted and unsubtracted hybridisations confirmed up-regulation of the majority of these cDNAs. Gene expression profiles across different tissues showed that most of the genes were pistil-specific. The expression pattern of the genes showed high similarity in Kalamata, Frantoio, Barnea, and Pendolino. All the screened genes were sequenced and their similarities were searched in the NCBI database. The most redundant and interesting up-regulated clones were those similar to a receptor protein kinase-like protein. Some versions of this protein play a role in the sporophytic SI system of Brassica and the gametophytic SI system of Papaver and rye. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1325369 / Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2008

Submitted by MARIA LETICIA GUINDALINI MELLONI null (letmell@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-14T15:02:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Maria_Letícia_Guindalini_Melloni.pdf: 683985 bytes, checksum: 53424c1e6da45d38a2d516aeb0a405fd (MD5) / Rejected by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo as orientações abaixo: A versão do trabalho submetida ao Repositório Institucional UNESP deve conter o texto completo. 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Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-01-18T11:30:25Z (GMT) / Submitted by MARIA LETICIA GUINDALINI MELLONI null (letmell@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-01-18T11:52:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese_Maria_Letícia_Guindalini_Melloni.pdf: 1866484 bytes, checksum: 4990d42ce801ec4b8fe8d516cb7568d4 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Juliano Benedito Ferreira (julianoferreira@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-01-18T13:48:32Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 melloni_mlg_dr_jabo_par.pdf: 733459 bytes, checksum: d8b36f206c9b78d184a6e2627f86b26d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-18T13:48:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 melloni_mlg_dr_jabo_par.pdf: 733459 bytes, checksum: d8b36f206c9b78d184a6e2627f86b26d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-12-15 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Com o intuito de aumentar o conhecimento da rede gênica envolvida no controle do florescimento em cana-de-açúcar, diferentes cultivares de cana-de-açúcar foram submetidos a tratamentos fotoperiódicos de indução e não indução do florescimento em câmara de fotoperíodo. Aos 5, 10 e 20 dias de indução, a folha +1 e a bainha foliar foram coletadas para a identificação de fragmentos diferencialmente expressos (FDEs) por meio da técnica de cDNA-AFLP entre e dentro dos tratamentos fotoperiódicos. Um total de 162 fragmentos foram selecionados e reamplificados. Destes, 63 FDEs tiveram sucesso na reação de reamplificação e foram clonados e sequenciados. As sequências foram confrontadas com seis bancos de sequências: 1. Transcritos do projeto SUCEST ;2. Proteínas do genoma de sorgo; 3. BAC de cana-de-açúcar; 4. Proteínas do genoma de arroz, 5. Proteínas presentes no Phytozome e 6. NCBI. A busca por similaridade se deu pelo uso da ferramenta BLASTn (e-value 1e-5) nos casos do banco SUCEST e dos BACs de cana-de-açúcar e BLASTx (e-value 1e-5) para os demais bancos. Dentre os 63 FDEs, 23 corresponderam a sequências de genes enquanto os outros 40 representam sequências que não estão depositadas nestes bancos (no hits). A maioria das 23 sequencias apresenta similaridade com genes que codificam proteínas hipotéticas ou preditas em diversos organismos. Com base na análise do domínio da proteína realizada pelo Pfam, seis sequências podem estar associadas ao metabolismo da indução do florescimento. Dentre estas as sequencias LM-19, LM-40 e LM-53 se destacaram. A LM-19 possui similaridade com o gene que codifica uma proteína com o domínio DNAJ sendo que proteína com este domínio é considerada mediador da integração dos sinais do florescimento em Arabidopsis thaliana. LM-40 possui similaridade com o gene que codifica proteína de domínio (F-BOX); estudos indicam forte relação deste domínio aos processos de indução ao florescimento. LM-53 tem um domínio de proteína predita semelhante ao domínio da proteína codificada pelo gene CONSTANS que regula a expressão de FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), que codifica o florígeno em Arabidopsis thaliana e em algumas outras espécies. De maneira geral, a técnica do cDNA-AFLP foi eficiente, na identificação de FDEs ao longo dos tratamentos fotoperiódicos de indução e não indução do florescimento. Os resultados obtidos sugerem que as sequencias LM-19, LM-40 e LM-53 estão vinculadas aos metabolismos de indução do florescimento. É provável que a maioria dos FDEs obtidos possam estar envolvidos nos metabolismos da indução do florescimento, porém ainda não foram identificados na literatura. / In order to increase the knowledge of the gene network involved in sugarcane flowering induction, sugarcane cultivars were submitted to different photoperiod treatments of flowering induction and non-induction in a photoperiod facility. At 5, 10 and 20 days of induction, the +1 leaf and the leaf sheath were collected for the identification of different transcript-derived fragments (TDFs) within and between the photoperiod treatments to apply the cDNA-AFLP technique. A total of 162 TDFs were selected and re-amplified. Of these, 63 TDFs were successful in re-amplification and were cloned and sequenced. The sequences were confronted against 6 sequence databanks (SUCEST transcripts; Sorghum genome proteins; Sugarcane BACs; proteins from rice genome; Phytozome and NCBI). Similarity search was done by using the BLASTn (e-value 1e-5) tool for the SUCEST databank and sugarcane BACs while BLASTx (e-value 1e-5) was use for the other banks. Among the 63 TDFs, 23 corresponded to gene sequences while the remaining 40 represent sequences that are not deposited in these banks (no hits). The majority of the 23 sequences showed similarity with genes coding for hypothetical or predicted proteins of different organisms. Based on the protein domain analysis conducted by Pfam, six sequences may be associated with flowering induction metabolism. Among these: LM-19, LM-40 and LM-53 sequences stood out. LM-19 has similarity to the gene encoding a protein with DnaJ domain. Proteins having this domain are considered as an integrating floral signals mediator in Arabidopsis thaliana. LM-40 has similarity to the gene encoding a protein with (F-BOX) domain. This domain has a strong relationship in flowering induction processes. LM-53 has one of the predicted protein domain similar to the domain of the protein encoded by the CONSTANS gene which governs the expression of FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), this later one encodes the florigen. Generally the cDNA-AFLP technique was effective in identifying TDFs across the flowering inductive and non-inductive photoperiodic treatments. The results suggest that LM-19, LM-40 and LM-53 sequences are linked to flowering induction metabolisms. Probably, most of the TDF here obtained may be involved in the flowering induction metabolism, although not yet been identified in the literature. / FAPESP: 2013/24020-0

The experiment was conducted at Experimental Station of Flowering and Cruzamento of the Serra do Ouro -PMGCA RIDESA ,in the municipality of Murici - AL (09 ° 14 '22, 86 "N, 35 º 50' 11.05" W, 480 m height). The cultivar RB867515 was underwent to four different treatments, T0 - only conventional fertilization (28, 44, 28, 6, 6 and 3 grams of N, P, K, Zn, Cu and Mn, respectively), T1 - conventional fertilization + 2 kg of gypsum (1 kg at the bottom of the pit and 1 kg in coverage), T2 - conventional fertilization + 0.058 mol-1 of calcium sulphate in the leaf e T3 - conventional fertilization + 0.058 mol-1 of potassium silicate in the leaf. Each experimental plot consisted of a clump. Before and after flowering (at 183 and 239 days after planting respectively) were evaluated morphological parameters such as counting the number of stems per plot, height, stalk diameter and number of internodes per stem. The data were underwent avarage comparison by Tukey. The biochemical analysis of the apical meristem of plants of the variety RB867515 show that application of foliar calcium resulted in its accumulation produces a negative correlation between the calcium and potassium in the plant, which may have caused the delay and the decrease in flowering plants this treatment. The application of silicon on the leaves have little or no influence on the composition of minerals, sugars in the apical meristem and on the process of flowering. / Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Alagoas / O presente trabalho teve por finalidade avaliar o efeito da aplicação de cálcio e silício no florescimento da variedade de cana-de-açúcar RB867515. Para tanto, o experimento foi instalado na área experimental da Estação de Florescimento e Cruzamento Serra do Ouro - PMGCA - RIDESA, município de Murici AL (09º 14 22, 86 S, 35º 50 11,05 W, 480 m de altitude). A cultivar RB867515 foi submetida a quatro diferentes tratamentos, sendo T0 adubação convencional (28, 44, 28, 6, 6 e 3 gramas de N, P, K, Zn, Cu e Mn, respectivamente), T1 adubação convencional + 2 kg de gesso (1 kg no fundo da cova e 1 kg em cobertura), T2 adubação convencional + 0,058 mol-1 de sulfato de cálcio via foliar, T3 adubação convencional + 0,058 mol-1 de silicato de potássio via foliar. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados com dez repetições. A parcela experimental foi composta por uma touceira. Antes e depois do florescimento (aos 183 e 239 dias após o plantio respectivamente), foram avaliados parâmetros morfológicos como: contagem do número de colmos por parcela, altura, diâmetro de colmos e número médio de entrenós por colmo. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos a análise de variância e teste de médias por Tukey. As análises bioquímicas do meristema apical das plantas da variedade RB867515 mostram que a aplicação de cálcio via foliar resultou no seu acúmulo produzindo uma correlação negativa entre os teores de cálcio e potássio na planta, o que pode ter causado o retardo e a diminuição do florescimento nas plantas deste tratamento. A aplicação de silício via foliar tem pouca ou nenhuma influência sobre a composição de minerais, açúcares no meristema apical e sobre o processo de florescimento.

Orientador: Mauricio Dutra Zanotto / Banca: Mirina Luiza Myczkowski / Banca: Tammy Aparecida Manabe Kiihl / Resumo: A inflorescência padrão da mamoneira é um racemo com flores femininas no ápice e masculinas na base, porém há muitas variantes para esse tipo de expressão sexual, determinada por fatores genéticos e ambientais. A produtividade da mamoneira está diretamente relacionada com a proporção de flores femininas no racemo. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar 80 linhagens de mamona quanto à característica de expressão sexual. As linhagens são oriundas do programa de melhoramento de mamona da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas da UNESP campus de Botucatu. Os experimentos foram instalados na Fazenda Experimental São Manuel, no município de São Manuel- SP e na Fazenda Experimental Lageado, município de Botucatu- SP, ambos pertencentes à Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas- UNESP campus de Botucatu, em condições de safrinha, no período de abril a dezembro de 2008. As 80 linhagens utilizadas foram selecionadas para alta porcentagem de florescimento feminino, com ciclos de seleção e autofecundação. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi de blocos ao acaso com duas repetições. As parcelas experimentais foram constituídas de uma linha de 2,0 m com 5 plantas e o espaçamento utilizado foi de 0,5 m entre plantas, 1m entre linhas e área útil de 2,0 m2. Foram avaliadas as freqüências de plantas femininas e plantas monóicas em cada linhagem, assim como a estabilidade da feminilidade em todos os racemos e em ambos os ambientes. Foram avaliadas também a altura de planta, altura de inserção do racemo primário, diâmetro do caule e número de nós da haste até a inflorescência primária. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos às análises de variância individual e conjunta, pelo teste F a 5% de probabilidade, para os dois municípios, e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract : The standard of castor bean inflorescence is a raceme, with female flowers located at the apex of the plant, and male flowers at the base. However this type of sexual expression can vary according to genetic and environmental factors. The castor bean yield is related to the proportion of female flowers in the raceme. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate eighty lines of castor bean regarding to the sexual expression characteristic. These lines were derived from the program of castor bean breeding from the Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas - Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho", Botucatu Campus. The experiments were conducted as second crop, in period april to december in 2008 at the Experimental Farm Sao Manuel, in Sao Manuel - SP, and at the Experimental Farm Lageado, in Botucatu - SP, both from the Faculdade de Ciencias Agronomicas - UNESP, Botucatu Campus. The 80 lines used were selected for high percentage of female flowers, with selection and selfing cycles. The experimental design consisted by randomized blocks with two replications. The plots consisted by one row of 2.0 m with five plants and the spacing used was 0.5 m between plants, 1 m between lines, being 2.0 m2 of total area. The female plants and monoecious plants frequencies in each line were evaluated, as well as the femininity stability in all racemes for both experiments. Plant height, height of primary raceme insertion, stem diameter, and number of nodes from the stem to the primary inflorescence... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-09-19T12:46:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Carlos Cezar de Albuquerque Filho.pdf: 982636 bytes, checksum: 3185ad0ba94f3c3352de6adec6cd8275 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-19T12:46:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Joao Carlos Cezar de Albuquerque Filho.pdf: 982636 bytes, checksum: 3185ad0ba94f3c3352de6adec6cd8275 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08-11 / Among the species of tropical flowers produced in Brazil, Alpinia species of the genus stand out as cut flowers, cut foliage and ornamental plants. Cultivars of Alpinia purpurata, known as Gingers, are cultivate as cut flowers for their productivity, beauty, postharvest durability, ease of marketing, transport and acceptance in national and international markets. The Alpinia zerumbet and Alpinia sanderae species are grow for cutting vegetation, due their decorative. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of Alpinia species to be used as cut flowers and foliage, cultivated in full sun condition and half-shade (50% of artificially shade condition). To observe the effect in the quality and production of these. We adopted the experimental design in a factorial arragment of 6 x 2 (six cultivars x two crop conditions) in A. purpurata and 2 x 2 (two cultivars x two crop conditions) to A. zerumbet and A. sanderae, with four replications. The cultivation in half-shade condition contributed positively the clump high, clump area, shoots numbers in the clump, length, weight of flowering stem and postharvest durability. The most productive cultivars were the Red and Pink Ginger and productivity feature should be prioritized in studies. Also, the crop conditions of 50% artificially shaded contributed positively the clump high, clump projection area in A. zerumbet and A. sanderae species. For the use of Alpinia as cut foliage was observed that cut leaves from A. zerumbet stems without inflorescences present more than 30 days of postharvest durability. / Entre as espécies de flores tropicais produzidas no Brasil, espécies do gênero Alpinia destacam-se como flores, folhagens de corte e plantas ornamentais. As cultivares de Alpinia purpurata, conhecidas como Alpínias, são cultivadas como flores de corte pela sua produtividade, beleza, durabilidade pós-colheita, facilidade de comercialização, transporte e aceitação nos mercados nacional e internacional. As espécies Alpinia zerumbet e Alpinia sanderae apresentam potencial para uso como folhagem de corte devido ao efeito decorativo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o potencial de espécies do gênero Alpinia para uso na floricultura como flores e folhagens de corte, cultivadas a pleno sol ou meia sombra (50% de sombreamento), para verificar se há efeito na qualidade e na produção destas. Foi adotado o delineamento experimental em arranjo fatorial de 6 x 2 (seis cultivares x duas condições de cultivo) em A. purpurata e 2 x 2 (duas espécies x duas condições de cultivo) para A. zerumbet e A. sanderae, em blocos casualizados, com quatro repetições, com análise variância conjunta. A meia sombra favoreceu a altura, área de projeção da copa e números de perfilhos emitidos nas touceiras, o comprimento, massa fresca e durabilidade pós-colheita das hastes florais colhidas. As cultivares de maior produtividade foram as Red e Pink Ginger e a característica de produtividade deve ser priorizadas em estudos. O cultivo a meia sombra também contribuiu para o aumento da altura e projeção das touceiras, das espécies A. zerumbet e A. sanderae. Para uso como folhagem de corte foi observado que as folhas de qualquer parte de hastes sem inflorescências de A. zerumbet apresentaram durabilidade pós-colheita superior a 30 dias.

This thesis presents results from two separate studies. First, the impact of bearer length on yield components within the canopy was investigated in season 2005/06, on a commercially-managed, mechanically-pruned vineyard of Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon in Coonawarra, South Australia. Pruning resulted in the retention of bearers with 1-7 nodes, with the weighted average bearer length being two nodes for the canopy. As bearers of one to five nodes in length were the most common, these were studied. Yield components (on a per shoot basis) were analysed according to the node position on the bearer at which the shoot arose. Both budburst and inflorescence number per node were highest at the distal node positions on each length bearer, even if the nodes were at the same positions from the base of the bearer and would normally be expected to have similar fertility. Budburst appeared to act by modifying inflorescence number per node based on the relative location of each node from the apex of the bearer. Shoots that arose from the most distal node positions had the highest flower number per inflorescence and berry number per bunch. Flower number per inflorescence was significantly higher on two-inflorescence shoots than single-inflorescence shoots. The relationship between bunch size and node position, unlike that between inflorescence number and node position, was dependent on bearer length. The relative size of the inflorescence appeared to be affected more so by the node pOSition at which the shoot occurred on the bearer, as opposed to the actual node position on the shoot at which the inflorescence occurred. There was a positive, non-linear relationship between average fruit yield per bearer and bearer length. Although yield was highest from the bearer with the highest node number (five nodes), there was no significant difference in yield per bearer for the bearers of three to five nodes in length. If average bearer length was increased from two to three nodes, the potential yield gain per bearer is estimated at 38 per cent. The second study presents results of correlations between bunch number and components of bunch weight (flower number and berry number) to investigate co-development of bunch number and bunch size. These data were collected from 4 vineyards in the Limestone Coast Zone of South Australia from Vilis vinifera L. Chardonnay, Shiraz and Cabemet Sauvignon during seasons 2002/03 to 2006/07. The significant correlations found between fertility and both bunch weight and flower number per inflorescence suggest that the same factors that affect bunch number in a particular season will also affect bunch size. When inflorescence primordia were initiated and differentiated under cool conditions, actual bunches per node and flowers per inflorescence were low. Differences in climate between the vineyard sites were found to be minimal and therefore did not strongly affect the magnitude of the yield components at the vineyard sites. Cultural practices at each vineyard site were sufficiently variable to affect fertility levels. Genotype is thought to determine the range of flowers per inflorescence that a variety can potentially carry, whereas actual flower number per inflorescence is thought to be determined by inflorescence primordium initiation and differentiation temperatures, as well as temperatures during budburst. Despite significant correlations between flower number per inflorescence and berry number per bunch, flower number per inflorescence preflowering for Cabemet Sauvignon, Shiraz and Chardonnay is inversely related to actual percentage fruit set. This is possibly a survival mechanism for the grapevine as it allows the vine to maximise yield each season without detriment to its longevity. Bunches per vine accounted for the majority of the seasonal variation in yield per vine. Fluctuations in bunch number per vine (and therefore yield) are likely to be reduced by varying the number of nodes retained per vine according to the relative fruitfulness per node present pre-pruning. This practice is therefore likely to result in the seasonal variation of berries per bunch becoming a stronger driver of yield. The commercial impacts of these studies are two-fold. Data presented will assist growers to understand the reasons for which their pruning regimes are affecting yield production and how these pruning regimes may be modified to achieve a target yield-particularly when growers are faced with seasons of low predicted fertility. In addition, data presented will allow growers to improve their crop forecasting accuracy, with a greater understanding of the link between bunch number and bunch size. In the current situation of oversupply in the wine industry, wineries are adopting a tough stance towards growers over-delivering on their grape contracts. Therefore, any assistance that can be provided to growers on improving accuracy of yield estimates will be beneficial both to the grower and winery. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1352744 / Thesis (M.Ag.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2009

This thesis presents results from two separate studies. First, the impact of bearer length on yield components within the canopy was investigated in season 2005/06, on a commercially-managed, mechanically-pruned vineyard of Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon in Coonawarra, South Australia. Pruning resulted in the retention of bearers with 1-7 nodes, with the weighted average bearer length being two nodes for the canopy. As bearers of one to five nodes in length were the most common, these were studied. Yield components (on a per shoot basis) were analysed according to the node position on the bearer at which the shoot arose. Both budburst and inflorescence number per node were highest at the distal node positions on each length bearer, even if the nodes were at the same positions from the base of the bearer and would normally be expected to have similar fertility. Budburst appeared to act by modifying inflorescence number per node based on the relative location of each node from the apex of the bearer. Shoots that arose from the most distal node positions had the highest flower number per inflorescence and berry number per bunch. Flower number per inflorescence was significantly higher on two-inflorescence shoots than single-inflorescence shoots. The relationship between bunch size and node position, unlike that between inflorescence number and node position, was dependent on bearer length. The relative size of the inflorescence appeared to be affected more so by the node pOSition at which the shoot occurred on the bearer, as opposed to the actual node position on the shoot at which the inflorescence occurred. There was a positive, non-linear relationship between average fruit yield per bearer and bearer length. Although yield was highest from the bearer with the highest node number (five nodes), there was no significant difference in yield per bearer for the bearers of three to five nodes in length. If average bearer length was increased from two to three nodes, the potential yield gain per bearer is estimated at 38 per cent. The second study presents results of correlations between bunch number and components of bunch weight (flower number and berry number) to investigate co-development of bunch number and bunch size. These data were collected from 4 vineyards in the Limestone Coast Zone of South Australia from Vilis vinifera L. Chardonnay, Shiraz and Cabemet Sauvignon during seasons 2002/03 to 2006/07. The significant correlations found between fertility and both bunch weight and flower number per inflorescence suggest that the same factors that affect bunch number in a particular season will also affect bunch size. When inflorescence primordia were initiated and differentiated under cool conditions, actual bunches per node and flowers per inflorescence were low. Differences in climate between the vineyard sites were found to be minimal and therefore did not strongly affect the magnitude of the yield components at the vineyard sites. Cultural practices at each vineyard site were sufficiently variable to affect fertility levels. Genotype is thought to determine the range of flowers per inflorescence that a variety can potentially carry, whereas actual flower number per inflorescence is thought to be determined by inflorescence primordium initiation and differentiation temperatures, as well as temperatures during budburst. Despite significant correlations between flower number per inflorescence and berry number per bunch, flower number per inflorescence preflowering for Cabemet Sauvignon, Shiraz and Chardonnay is inversely related to actual percentage fruit set. This is possibly a survival mechanism for the grapevine as it allows the vine to maximise yield each season without detriment to its longevity. Bunches per vine accounted for the majority of the seasonal variation in yield per vine. Fluctuations in bunch number per vine (and therefore yield) are likely to be reduced by varying the number of nodes retained per vine according to the relative fruitfulness per node present pre-pruning. This practice is therefore likely to result in the seasonal variation of berries per bunch becoming a stronger driver of yield. The commercial impacts of these studies are two-fold. Data presented will assist growers to understand the reasons for which their pruning regimes are affecting yield production and how these pruning regimes may be modified to achieve a target yield-particularly when growers are faced with seasons of low predicted fertility. In addition, data presented will allow growers to improve their crop forecasting accuracy, with a greater understanding of the link between bunch number and bunch size. In the current situation of oversupply in the wine industry, wineries are adopting a tough stance towards growers over-delivering on their grape contracts. Therefore, any assistance that can be provided to growers on improving accuracy of yield estimates will be beneficial both to the grower and winery. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1352744 / Thesis (M.Ag.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2009

This thesis presents results from two separate studies. First, the impact of bearer length on yield components within the canopy was investigated in season 2005/06, on a commercially-managed, mechanically-pruned vineyard of Vitis vinifera L. Cabernet Sauvignon in Coonawarra, South Australia. Pruning resulted in the retention of bearers with 1-7 nodes, with the weighted average bearer length being two nodes for the canopy. As bearers of one to five nodes in length were the most common, these were studied. Yield components (on a per shoot basis) were analysed according to the node position on the bearer at which the shoot arose. Both budburst and inflorescence number per node were highest at the distal node positions on each length bearer, even if the nodes were at the same positions from the base of the bearer and would normally be expected to have similar fertility. Budburst appeared to act by modifying inflorescence number per node based on the relative location of each node from the apex of the bearer. Shoots that arose from the most distal node positions had the highest flower number per inflorescence and berry number per bunch. Flower number per inflorescence was significantly higher on two-inflorescence shoots than single-inflorescence shoots. The relationship between bunch size and node position, unlike that between inflorescence number and node position, was dependent on bearer length. The relative size of the inflorescence appeared to be affected more so by the node pOSition at which the shoot occurred on the bearer, as opposed to the actual node position on the shoot at which the inflorescence occurred. There was a positive, non-linear relationship between average fruit yield per bearer and bearer length. Although yield was highest from the bearer with the highest node number (five nodes), there was no significant difference in yield per bearer for the bearers of three to five nodes in length. If average bearer length was increased from two to three nodes, the potential yield gain per bearer is estimated at 38 per cent. The second study presents results of correlations between bunch number and components of bunch weight (flower number and berry number) to investigate co-development of bunch number and bunch size. These data were collected from 4 vineyards in the Limestone Coast Zone of South Australia from Vilis vinifera L. Chardonnay, Shiraz and Cabemet Sauvignon during seasons 2002/03 to 2006/07. The significant correlations found between fertility and both bunch weight and flower number per inflorescence suggest that the same factors that affect bunch number in a particular season will also affect bunch size. When inflorescence primordia were initiated and differentiated under cool conditions, actual bunches per node and flowers per inflorescence were low. Differences in climate between the vineyard sites were found to be minimal and therefore did not strongly affect the magnitude of the yield components at the vineyard sites. Cultural practices at each vineyard site were sufficiently variable to affect fertility levels. Genotype is thought to determine the range of flowers per inflorescence that a variety can potentially carry, whereas actual flower number per inflorescence is thought to be determined by inflorescence primordium initiation and differentiation temperatures, as well as temperatures during budburst. Despite significant correlations between flower number per inflorescence and berry number per bunch, flower number per inflorescence preflowering for Cabemet Sauvignon, Shiraz and Chardonnay is inversely related to actual percentage fruit set. This is possibly a survival mechanism for the grapevine as it allows the vine to maximise yield each season without detriment to its longevity. Bunches per vine accounted for the majority of the seasonal variation in yield per vine. Fluctuations in bunch number per vine (and therefore yield) are likely to be reduced by varying the number of nodes retained per vine according to the relative fruitfulness per node present pre-pruning. This practice is therefore likely to result in the seasonal variation of berries per bunch becoming a stronger driver of yield. The commercial impacts of these studies are two-fold. Data presented will assist growers to understand the reasons for which their pruning regimes are affecting yield production and how these pruning regimes may be modified to achieve a target yield-particularly when growers are faced with seasons of low predicted fertility. In addition, data presented will allow growers to improve their crop forecasting accuracy, with a greater understanding of the link between bunch number and bunch size. In the current situation of oversupply in the wine industry, wineries are adopting a tough stance towards growers over-delivering on their grape contracts. Therefore, any assistance that can be provided to growers on improving accuracy of yield estimates will be beneficial both to the grower and winery. / http://proxy.library.adelaide.edu.au/login?url= http://library.adelaide.edu.au/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?BBID=1352744 / Thesis (M.Ag.Sc.) -- University of Adelaide, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, 2009