¡§Individual¡¨is the basic analytic unit in a pluralistic society. Especially, phenomenon of public affairs is essence of the problem and is based on individual cognition, hidden in group behavior. The individual cognition forms group judgment and interpersonal influence in the group. This interpersonal influence process may simplify as the power relations between group members, the communication network and the interaction form in the group, and the opinion relations within the group (French, 1956). The conflict is the essential situation of interpersonal influence and also is one kind of relational form and phenomenon for group judgment. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the interpersonal influence and conduct interpersonal mutual cooperation in the public affairs area. The group decision-making (or judgment) can be explored based on observable individual preference and group decision-making. That can infer unobservable interpersonal influence. This interpersonal influence process transforms the individual judgment into the group decision-making. There are two stages in interpersonal influence process, including opinion formation for individual members, and compromise among group members. Namely, the individual might revise his or her preference voluntarily. The group integrates the revised members¡¦ judgments into group decision-making. That is, the group process resembles the process which individual integrates multi-cues like information integration theory (IIT) (Friedkin, 2005; Sniezek et al., 1989). The average cognitive algebra pattern in IIT may measure the interpersonal influence effectively. The theories of group decision-making are still insufficient. For example, social power theory and social comparison theory explain the concept of choice shift, but not positivism. Social decision scheme (SDS) employs decision scheme to predict the group decision-making, but it is insufficient for explaining the group decision-making process. Although social dilemma explores both individual level and group level, it cannot provide the weighting method. Cognitive conflict paradigm (CCP) discusses judgment policy shift, but preference shift is still not mentioned. Although CCP focuses on interpersonal learning, it does not propose how to weight interpersonal influence. The functional measurement theory in IIT may supplement insufficiencies in these theories.. The research utilizes the concept and the method of IIT, which prodivides experimental validity for explaining the complex interpersonal influence process by using social weight. This research uses budget allocation as discussion cases. Interpersonal conflicts are divided by the cognitive conflict and the interest conflict. By using social judgment theory (SJT), this research can analyze cognitive difference in the case of cognitive conflict. Besides, using quasi-experimental procedure in IIT, the findings of this research include: 1. In the group process, group members¡¦ judgments are integrated to group decision-making based on unequal-weight rule mostly. Members¡¦ social weights are different and depend on the level of members¡¦ preferences. 2. The members in different groups have the same preferences initially. Although social weights of these members are not significant difference in statistic, these members still appear the differences between individuals. 3. In cognitive conflict case, the group consensus is not consistently accompanied by cognitive consensus. 4. The group influence results from normative social influence, rather than from informational social influence. 5. It shows that there is negative correlation between social weight and normative effect. Besides, social weight and comprise degree also show negative.correlation 6. The cognitive feedback and the outcome feedback don¡¦t affect decision-making result. 7. The relationship between social weight and the degree of satisfaction is not supported. The social weight and the fairness of decision-making process show significant correlation 8. The subjects¡¦ decision-making performances in the study don¡¦t show significant difference

The main purpose of the study was to investigate the role of Big Five personality dimensions (Extraversion, Conscientiousness, Openness to Experience, Neuroticism and Agreeableness) and justice perceptions (procedural, distributive, informational and interactional justice) on social loafing in a field setting. Another purpose was to explore potential moderation effects of personality and justice dimensions on social loafing. Data was gathered both from employees and their supervisors working in three leading software companies in Ankara, Turkey. The study was conducted in two phases. In the pilot study, social loafing and perceived coworker social loafing scales were developed. Task visibility scale was adapted to Turkish. The internal consistency reliabilities of the scales were tested by a pilot study with a sample of 53 employees. In the main study, hypothesis and potential moderation effects were tested by gathering data from 156 participants. Results supported only two hypotheses proposing positive relations between extraversion &amp / social loafing and neuroticism &amp / social loafing. Investigating potential moderators, distributive justice turned out to be moderator on the relation between extraversion and social loafing. Moreover, conscientiousness had moderation effect on the relation between informational justice and social loafing. The results were discussed along with practical implications, limitations of the study and future directions.

Summary Subject of this paper is workplace of employee of municipal department of economy. Main product of this paper is informational system (IS) intended for long term control of property of municipality and is related to preparation of documents concerning use of that property. Analysis and specifications concerning informational needs of municipal department of economy has been carried out. Similar systems (Sistema “BIUDŽETAS”, “Turtas”, “DEBETAS”, “ForFUND/Gov”) and methods of creating IS (creation of IS using cycle of existence of “waterfall”, method of prothotypes, JAD method, creating of IS using means of CASE) were analysed. Product was designed and realized using the following means: 1. MS Visio 2003 – designing 2. ProVision Workbench TM V 3.1 – designing 3. MS Access 2000 – DBMS for keeping data of property and use Product was introduced to employees of municipal department of economy.

Ugdymo proceso kaita, apimanti pakitusį ugdymo turinį, naują požiūrį į besimokantįjį, žinių sistemą, kintantis šeimos požiūris į mokyklą, informacijos gausa, reikalauja ir naujų turinio perteikimo būdų, tad kiekvienas mokytojas siekia, kad jo pamokos būtų įdomios, padėtų mokiniams įsisąmoninti mokomąją medžiagą, ugdytų kūrybiškumą ir norą daugiau sužinoti. Šiuos siekius gali padėti įgyvendinti IKT (informacinės komunikacinės technologijos ir IMM (inovatyvūs mokymo metodai). Šiame darbe laikysime, kad informacinės komunikacinės technologijos - tai (skaitmeninių) būdų ir priemonių visuma, kuriomis ugdymo tikslais kuriama, renkama, saugoma, transformuojama ir skleidžiama informacija. Teorinėje dalyje pristatoma informacinių technologijų evoliucija ir revoliucija, apžvelgiamas atskirų užsienio šalių IKT naudojimas praktikoje. Taip pat aiškinamasi apie IKT naudojimą pradinėse klasėse per IKT taikymo rekomendacijas; mokytojo funkcijas, vaidmenis ir metodų įvairovę; vertinant mokinių pasiekimus ir palaikant ryšius su tėvais. Analizuojama IKT taikymas pasaulio pažinimo kurse per kompiuterines mokymo priemones lietuvių kalba ir jų naudojimo galimybes bei per tarptautinių IKT išteklių elektroninę struktūrą. Šiuo darbu buvo siekiama išsiaiškinti, ar inovatyvūs mokymo(si) metodai – šiuolaikinius pedagogikos lūkesčius atitinkantys veiksmingi ugdymo metodai? Buvo iškeltas darbo tikslas – apžvelgus IKT ir IMM naudojimo pasaulinę patirtį ir išsiaiškinus Lietuvos situaciją šiuo klausimu... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Changes in the process of education, relied on the changed educational content, new approach towards learner, systems of knowledge, changing families‘ overview to school, the profusion of information requires new methods of content imparts. So every teacher seeks’ his lessons to be more interesting, helpful in realizing educational material as well as helping in development of learners creativity and willingness of news. These aims might be accomplished by using ICT (informational communication technologies) or IEM (innovative educational methods). In the frames of this work informational communication technologies are integer of ways and measures with witch information is collected, stored, transformed and spread as the aim of educational process. Theoretical part of the work present evolution and revolution of information technologies, examples of various use of ICT in foreign counties. It also reveals main ways of ICT use in elementary school: in evaluation of learners knowledge and getting into contact with parents. ICT use possibilities in lessons of natural science by using Lithuanian language and it’s use possibilities and international ICT base. This work was aimed to reveal whether innovation educational methods correspond with the expectations of modern pedagogy. The goal of the work after analysis of ICT and IEM (it’s international examples and Lithuanian experience in this field) – promote research, that would allow us to evaluate given educational methods and... [to full text]

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Family Meetings occur frequently in the Paediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) yet little data existed to guide clinicians in the conduct of these meetings. The medical team is required to deliver complex medical information and navigate complex decision-making with a traumatised family during a meeting. The objectives of this study were to describe the content and process of 15 whanau/family meetings in the PICU, identify family meeting characteristics and patient and family attributes that influence family satisfaction and recommend guidelines for health professionals working in the PICU. The study was conducted in a PICU in a university-affiliated children’s hospital in New Zealand (NZ). The process and content of 15 family meetings were analysed using a coding framework previously developed through a qualitative study of family meetings in the adult intensive care unit (Curtis, 2002a). A questionnaire providing a quantitative assessment of family satisfaction drawn from the same study was administered to 30 family members. Demographic data for the study were collected from the patient’s hospital record and these were combined with data relating to the meeting recording and transcript to identify family meeting characteristics and attributes that might influence family satisfaction. The content and process of family meetings in the PICU were described using a framework detailing 28 codes from the six domains: introductions, informational exchange, discussions of the future, decisions, discussions about death and dying, and closings. A comparison of family meeting characteristics and patient and family attributes revealed that longer meetings (40 minutes plus) were associated with lower family satisfaction and should therefore prompt clinicians to consider whether there are unresolved conflicts, difficulties or misunderstandings between the medical team and the family. Recommendations are proposed to guide health professionals in family meetings in the PICU. This is the first study to record and code the content of family meetings in the PICU. The findings from this study will assist clinicians in their meetings with families. The description of the family meeting content will also provide a foundation for future communication training and research in the health environment.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-16T15:23:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 5414158 bytes, checksum: 2d39e99939334253b690c52811255243 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-26 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This research analyzes the Digital Inclusion from the perspective of informational and social inclusion. The object of the analysis is a Digital Inclusion project from a public organization, the municipal government of João Pessoa-PB, named Telecentres of Information and Education, known as Digital Stations, located in the city of João Pessoa - PB. The theoretical framework used for this research relates the concepts of digital inclusion with the informational and social inclusion, highlighting the relations with citizenship and social participation. In this sense, the Digital Inclusion should be understood as a strong ally to social inclusion, because we comprehend that Digital Inclusion provides the individuals abilities to process information in the context of specific needs, and from this, individuals can recognize themselves as capable to understand and solve social problems they experience. The overall objective is to "Analyze the Telecentres of Information and Education project - Digital Stations under the theoretical Information Science assumptions about Digital Inclusion". The specific objectives include the analysis of the concepts that guide the project, its functioning conditions and the proposal of guidelines to provide improvements and solve existing problems in the Digital Stations. The methodological approach includes content analysis, documentary research, interviews and questionnaires with project participants. It was created a framework of analysis that enabled the investigation and subsequent classification of the research object in three levels of digital inclusion, and serve as the basis for the development of analytical categories based on content analysis of Bardin (2010).The results indicate the need for better planning, able to rearrange the current project, in order to carry out effective connections among informational inclusion, citizenship and social inclusion in the Digital Stations. It was also identified that the project is in the technical-operational level, but it has potential indicatives for the informational and social levels. Finally, guidelines were proposed for improving the operation of the investigated object, which ones were created based on the identification of the most urgent needs of Digital Stations and on the theoretical framework discussed in the context of Information Science / Esta pesquisa analisa a inclusão digital na perspectiva da inclusão informacional e social. Tem como objeto de análise um projeto de inclusão digital proveniente de uma organização pública, a prefeitura municipal de João Pessoa (PB), chamado de Telecentros de Informação e Educação, conhecido como Estações Digitais, localizado na cidade de João Pessoa PB. O referencial teórico utilizado para esta pesquisa relaciona os conceitos de inclusão digital com os de inclusão informacional e social, ressaltando as relações com a cidadania e a participação social. Neste sentido, a Inclusão Digital deve ser compreendida como forte aliada à inclusão social, pois se entende que a Inclusão Digital propicia aos sujeitos habilidades para tratar a informação no contexto de necessidades específicas, e a partir disto, os indivíduos podem se auto reconhecer como capazes de entender e solucionar os problemas sociais que vivenciam. A discussão também é feita no âmbito das políticas públicas, para que se possa compreender como as mesmas têm atuado neste tema nos últimos anos. O objetivo geral é Analisar o projeto Telecentros de Informação e Educação Estações Digitais sob os pressupostos teóricos de Inclusão Digital da Ciência da Informação . Os objetivos específicos incluem a análise dos conceitos que orientam o Projeto, suas condições de funcionamento e a proposição de diretrizes para proporcionar melhorias e sanar problemas existentes nas Estações Digitais. O percurso metodológico inclui análise de conteúdo, pesquisa documental, entrevistas e questionários com os participantes do Projeto. Foi elaborado um quadro de análise que possibilitou a investigação e posterior classificação do objeto de pesquisa em três níveis de inclusão digital, além de servir de base para a elaboração das categorias de análise, a partir da análise de conteúdo de Bardin (2010). Os resultados indicam a necessidade de melhor planejamento, capaz de redefinir o Projeto atualmente em vigência para que as conexões entre inclusão informacional, cidadania e inclusão social sejam efetivamente realizadas nas Estações Digitais. Também foi constatado que o projeto encontra-se no nível técnico-operacional, mas com indicativos de potencialidades para os níveis informacional e social. Por fim, foram elaboradas diretrizes como proposta de melhoria de funcionamento do objeto investigado, criadas com base na identificação das necessidades mais urgentes das Estações Digitais e embasadas no referencial teórico discutido no âmbito da Ciência da Informação

Submitted by Valdinei Souza (neisouza@hotmail.com) on 2016-08-22T19:58:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Doutorado- JOSÉ CARLOS SALES DOS SANTOS.pdf: 6866551 bytes, checksum: b36f6031b76982bfcb92da05acc566f6 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Urania Araujo (urania@ufba.br) on 2016-09-26T21:51:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Doutorado- JOSÉ CARLOS SALES DOS SANTOS.pdf: 6866551 bytes, checksum: b36f6031b76982bfcb92da05acc566f6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-09-26T21:51:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese de Doutorado- JOSÉ CARLOS SALES DOS SANTOS.pdf: 6866551 bytes, checksum: b36f6031b76982bfcb92da05acc566f6 (MD5) / O comportamento informacional de usuários constitui uma temática recorrente ao domínio da Ciência da Informação. Analisar o comportamento humano implica em recuperar as estruturas da interdisciplinaridade para justificar a confluênciadetemas,como „comportamento‟, „necessidades‟, „informação‟ e „usuários‟. Para engendrar as discussões da presente investigação, estruturaram-se argumentações pautadas em estudos aplicados no campo da psicologia comportamentalista tradicionais, com o propósito de fundamentar as análises das necessidades e busca de conteúdos em sistemas de informação. A considerar as citadas prerrogativas, a tese objetivou a analisar como o comportamento informacional dos assessores dosgabinetes interfere na construção de plataformas políticas dos deputados da Assembleia Legislativa da Bahia (ALBA), a partir das demandas sociais. Os objetivos específicos corresponderam a: (a) perfilar as assessorias parlamentares para identificar aspectos do comportamento informacional; (b) mapear os critérios de seleção de informações e proposições advindas dos usuários/cidadãos, a partir das atividades dos assessores dos gabinetes dos parlamentares e; (c) identificar possíveis normativas jurídico-legais competentes à Assembleia que orientem as atividades dos assessores políticos. Os contornos metodológicos permitiram situar o método de procedimento (monográfico/estudo de caso), o nível da pesquisa (descritivo) e as técnicas e instrumentos de investigação (formulário, observação e questionário. Apropriada aos estudos de comportamento, a técnica orientadora constituiu o incidente crítico compreendida como um conjunto de procedimentos para a coleta de dados pautados em observações. Os resultados indicaram que as assessorias dos gabinetes parlamentares apresentaram perfis aproximados, não interferindo nas oportunidades de participação usuários/cidadãos e obtenção de informações, não revelando enquadramentos específicos pertinentes aos grupos observados. As análises do comportamento informacional das assessorias apontaram equivalências direcionadas ao traçado evidenciado no questionário de pesquisa, sem correlações ou interferências nas oportunidades de interlocução. As discussões confirmaram a proposição da tese relativa ao modelo de comportamento informacional, orientado e propício às instituições políticas, apresentaram adequações/orientações às assessorias parlamentares no processo de busca, recuperação e seleção de demandas advindas de usuários/cidadãos, assim como o cumprimento de normativas legais orquestradas em gabinetes políticos. As considerações finais evidenciam os modelos de comportamento de usuários desenvolvidos por estudiosos da CI como prerrogativa essencial à elaboração e proposição do modelo de comportamento informacional de assessores parlamentares inscritos em ambientes políticos. E para contornar as lacunas teórico-conceituais, patentes às pesquisas científicas, anunciaram-se uma agenda prospectiva de estudos de comportamento informacional em instituições políticas. / ABSTRACT The informational behavior of users is a recurring theme in the field of information science. Analyze human behavior involves retrieving the structures of interdisciplinarity to justify the confluence of themes, such as ' behavior ', ' needs ', ' information ' and ' users '. To engender the discussions of this research, structured-if arguments grounded in applied studies in the field of Psychology traditional behaviour source to substantiate the analyses the needs and search of content in information systems. To consider the said prerogatives, the thesis aimed to analyze how the informational behavior of advisors of the offices in the building of political platforms interferes for members of the Legislative Assembly of Bahia, from the social demands. The specific objectives were to: (a) profiling the aides of representatives to identify aspects of the informational behavior; (b) map information selection criteria and propositions coming from users/citizens, from the activities of parliamentarians ' offices and advisors; (c) identify possible competent legal norms to guide the activities of political advisors. The methodological contours allowed position method of procedure (monographic/case study), the level of research (descriptive) and the techniques and research instruments (form, observation and questionnaire. Suitable to studies of behavior, the coach was the critical incident technique, understood as a set of procedures for the collection of data based on observations. The results indicated that the offices of parliamentary offices presented profiles approximate, not interfering in users/citizens participation opportunities and obtaining information, not revealing specific frameworks relevant to the groups observed. Informational behavior analyses of assessors pointed to targeted equivalences evidenced in questionnaire research, without interference or correlations in the interaction opportunities. The discussions confirmed the proposition of the thesis on the informational behavior model, oriented and conducive political institutions, presented adaptations/guidelines to parliamentary offices in search, recovery process and selection of demands coming from users/citizens, as well as compliance with legal norms in political offices orchestrated. The final considerations suggest the models of user behavior developed by scholars of the CI as essential prerogative to elaboration and proposal of informational behavior model of parliamentary advisors enrolled in political environments. And to circumvent the theoretical-conceptual gaps, patents to scientific research, announced a prospective schedule of informational behavior studies in political institutions.

Submitted by Noeme Timbo (noeme.timbo@metodista.br) on 2017-06-30T15:31:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Viviani Garcia.pdf: 1585821 bytes, checksum: 11d243a99cd6678be344644a7d2864a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-30T15:31:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Viviani Garcia.pdf: 1585821 bytes, checksum: 11d243a99cd6678be344644a7d2864a7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-13 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / This study aims to contribute to the understanding of the main elements that facilitate the formation of the informal social information network within a university and which characteristics of its members are considered to be the most potential disseminators in the informal structure. Faced with the management challenges that are increasingly present in the administration of educational institutions, in order to understand their resources and use them more effectively, it is possible to understand the social dynamics of their employees using the Network Analysis method Social Security (ARS). Personal and professional characteristics attract connections in the network and what influence of the relationship in other external institutions on the relationships within the organization researched. For this purpose, a study of perception of information sharing was applied in 28 teachers of distance learning of a private higher education institution located in the state of São Paulo in order to understand the information-seeking relations and the reasons why the most influential actors are sought. The research was initiated with a questionnaire asking each respondent to point out their co-workers who are most in demand and the reasons that directed them to those determined actors. With this material, it was possible to analyze if the most cited had a relation of "strong ties" with their colleagues mentioned and characteristics of the profile of the most requested professionals. The results showed a medium density network with potential for expansion of relations. The most mentioned item was the search for information through friendship relations, followed by work necessity. More than 65% of the actors do not have external contact with their work colleagues, limiting their interactions only in the professional environment. Interaction bonds were strengthened in the study group, since the measurement of reciprocity of the contacts was over 31% of the total of the relationships, as the respondents state that they have frequent, long term and near intimate contacts. / Este estudo pretende contribuir para a compreensão dos principais elementos que facilitam a formação da rede social informal de informação dentro de uma universidade e quais as características de seus membros que são considerados os disseminadores de maior potencial na estrutura informal. Diante dos desafios de gestão cada vez mais presentes na administração de instituições de ensino, com o objetivo de compreender seus recursos e utilizá-los de maneira mais eficaz, surge a possibilidade de compreender a dinâmica social de seus colaboradores utilizando o método de Análise de Redes Sociais (ARS). Compreendendo quais características pessoais e profissionais atraem conexões na rede e qual a influência do relacionamento em outras instituições externas sobre as relações dentro da organização pesquisada. Com este intuito, foi aplicado um estudo de percepção de compartilhamento de informações em 28 professores do ensino a distância de uma instituição de ensino superior privada, localizada no ABC paulista, para compreender as relações de busca de informações e quais os motivos pelos quais os atores mais influentes são procurados. A pesquisa foi iniciada com um questionário solicitando para cada respondente apontar seus colegas de trabalho que são mais procurados e quais os motivos que os direcionavam para aqueles determinados atores. Com este material, foi possível analisar se os mais citados tinham uma relação de “laços fortes” com seus colegas citados e características do perfil dos profissionais mais requisitados. Os resultados mostraram uma rede com média densidade, com potencial de expansão de relações. O item mais mencionado foi a busca por informações por relações de amizade, seguida por necessidade do trabalho. Mais de 65% dos atores não possuem contato externo com seus colegas de trabalho, limitando suas interações apenas no ambiente profissional. Os laços de interação se demonstraram fortalecidos no grupo estudado, pois a mensuração da reciprocidade dos contatos foi acima de 31% do total das relações, assim como os respondentes declaram ter contatos frequentes, de longo prazo e com grau próximo de intimidade.

Diploma thesis "Using the Internet to teach physics at school" discusses the possibility of using the Internet as tools for teaching physics at elementary school. Its use in teaching would also improve the computer literacy of teachers and pupils. It would meet the key competencies for learning, problem solving, communication, social and personal, civic and labor. The practical part of the thesis contains the knowledge of teaching physics in the 8th classroom of elementary school, where the results are then compared using the Internet in teaching and learning without the use of the Internet. There are also links and reviews of sorted physical websites and thein use in teaching. The last part of work is a questionnaire for teachers of physics at the elementary school and its evaluation.