En la actualidad, la educación en el mundo viene viviendo un continuo desarrollo y cada vez nos presenta mayores opciones que satisfacen las necesidades de los usuarios. Una de estas necesidades es la adquisición de juegos educativos de calidad. Son los niños los que llevan a cabo uno de los aprendizajes más destacables. Es en esta etapa cuando se ven grandes progresos en el desarrollo psicomotriz, por lo que para facilitarles el desarrollo de estas habilidades es recomendable brindarles juguetes que les motiven a poner en práctica lo aprendido en el colegio. El objetivo de este proyecto es proveer en el mercado limeño una opción válida de compra y reparto juegos educativos en el canal presencial y canal digital. Con ello les presentamos un formato didáctico para comprar un juego educativo de calidad y además ofrecer al usuario la opción de que la entrega sea a domicilio. Para la sustentación de este proyecto se han realizado múltiples experimentos. En primer lugar, se ha logrado validar que de verdad existe la necesidad antes comentada. Luego, se validó las posibles soluciones y el plan concierge del proyecto. Finalmente, lo que nos resultó más importante fue validar el canal de atención y comunicación con nuestros clientes; al igual que validar las intenciones de compra. Con lo descrito líneas atrás, ponemos a disposición de los lectores tomar como ejemplo nuestro proyecto para futuras ideas de negocio que puedan ser sostenibles en el tiempo y que sean innovadoras en todo sentido. / Today, education in the world has been undergoing continuous development and presents us with ever-greater options that meet the needs of users. One of these needs is the acquisition of quality educational games. The children carry out one of the most remarkable learnings. It is at this stage that great progress is seen in psychomotor development, so to facilitate the development of these skills it is advisable to provide them with toys that motivate them to put into practice what they have learned at school. The objective of this project is to provide the Lima market with a valid option to buy and I hand out educational games on the face-to-face channel and the digital channel. With this, we present a didactic format to buy a quality educational game and offer the user the option of home delivery. Many experiments have been carried out to support this project. First In this place, it has been possible to validate that the need mentioned above really exists. Then it was validated the possible solutions and the concierge plan of the project. Finally, what we found most It was important to validate the channel of attention and communication with our clients; as well as to validate the purchase intentions. With what is described above, we offer readers to take our example project for future business ideas that can be sustainable over time and that are innovative in every way. / Trabajo de investigación

One of the most recent challenges faced worldwide is the so-called “ageing population” phenomenon. Besides the disabilities and illnesses that the elderly is prone to, traumatic brain injuries represent a common and potentially fatal factor that greatly affects this population. Other subjects are however also likely to experience traumatic brain injuries i.e. people affected by some kinds of diseases and disorders such as epilepsy and dementia that are known to have a high risk of falling. Furthermore, sports accidents can also lead to traumatic brain injuries, for example cycling. Current solutions and devices for head injury prevention are limited and from a design point of view there is space for improvements. The focus of this master thesis is to model an innovative headband meant to be worn around the scalp during various daily life activities and in multiple situations. Its function is to prevent the wearer from traumatic brain injuries. The headband model is a finite element model, created in LS-PrePost. Subsequently, simulations are performed in LS-Dyna to replicate real life head impact scenarios. Different parameters and features of both the impacting condition and the headband are tested for creating the optimal headband structure for head injury prevention.

Innovative Learning Environments are increasingly built and implemented in schools, but are not necessarily being used according to designers' intentions. The goal of this study was to examine teacher perceptions of the innovative learning spaces they were charged with using and to determine if they were being used effectively and as designed. The research was guided by three basic questions: what were the teachers' perceptions of these spaces, was the teacher pedagogy need to change to accommodate the space, and did the teacher feel support by campus leadership. The fourth research question centered around the goals and vision of the design team that created the innovative learning space. The crux of the issue was that the districts vision for the space came to fruition once the teachers were in the actual space with the students. This qualitative study interviewed seven teachers in the educational setting and separately interviewed the design team. The results indicated that some of the teachers were unaware of the definition of an innovative space and believed that they were utilizing the space in ways that met the designs of the campus leadership. Furthermore, teachers felt the new designs caused a classroom management issue as well as safety and security concerns. The design team felt that teachers needed more training on how to use the innovative spaces and that they were not being used as intended. To inform future school and district policies as well as educational leadership practices, more work is needed around what types of training might be more effective in helping teachers make a pedagogical change if assigned to an innovative learning environment.

Increasingly, states are relying on creative financing and asset management to maintain and improve the nation's transportation infrastructure since budgetary challenges constrain potential options. One method of tapping into alternative sources of capital is the public-private partnership (PPP or P3). A public-private partnership is a long-term contractual agreement in which the public sector authority assigns a traditionally public responsibility (such as operations and/or financing) to the private sector participant, in hopes of achieving mutual benefit. First employed in the contemporary era in the late 1980's by California and Virginia, the public-private partnership has continued to become a more popular delivery method. A thorough review of the literature on the subject reveals both academic and institutional material covering a wide variety of P3 topics. Garvin's (2007) P3 Equilibrium Framework supplemented the current body of knowledge by building upon past research to better analyze the performance of existing and proposed PPP's or serve as a resource when developing future projects. The Framework allows the user to assess a project or program and determine its potential for producing desirable results. This research utilizes case studies to gain further insight into P3 projects and programs, as well as the performance of the original P3 Equilibrium Framework. The cases include the evolution of legislation in California and Virginia, and four projects that resulted from these programs: the State Route 91 Express Lanes, Dulles Greenway, Pocahontas Parkway, and failed I-81 Improvement proposals. Application of the original framework to the case studies led to several refinements. The changes provide more comprehensive appraisal mechanisms and improve the applicability and consistency of the P3 Equilibrium Framework. In addition, the concept of "tension" is introduced, which in effect is a means of describing the stress between the interested parties of a P3 arrangement. Ultimately, the revised Framework helps to structure perspectives of P3 arrangements and is underpinned by the notion that these strategies must balance the interests of society, the state, industry, and the market for ultimate success. / Master of Science

State transportation authorities’ reliance on traditional financing mechanisms such as gas taxes and federal support has waned of late as these mechanisms have proved insufficient to keep pace with the escalating demand for transportation infrastructure in the United States. As a result, public-private partnerships (P3) are increasingly viewed as a part of the solution to this problem. A partnership between the public and private sector allows both entities to “mutually benefit” from the private sector’s equity/debt financing structure and ability to bring innovation and efficiency to the table. Companies have formed consortia either to lease the existing toll roads through what is termed as a Brownfield project model or deliver design-build-finance-operate projects categorized as a Greenfield model. A case-study based approach helps to identify the organizational structure, nature of the key participants and risk characteristics of these Greenfield-Brownfield P3 models. The four cases identified for study include, the Pocahontas Parkway in Virginia, SR-125 in California representing the Greenfield model and the Chicago Skyway and Indiana Toll road under the Brownfield model. An analytical template comprised of a project finance structure, risk matrix for each of the four cases and Porter’ s segmentation matrix for the selected private sector project participants is used to characterize the structure of the P3 arrangement in the cases. The project finance structure illustrates the formation of a special purpose vehicle (SPV) to delineate the role played by different participants. Risk matrices developed for all the four cases helps to identify the allocation of risks among the state and the SPV or the concessionaire. Porter’ s segmentation matrix helps to identify the activities of the key players or sponsor companies in various sectors including infrastructure, across the world. The SR-125- Greenfield- model seems to have evolved from Pocahontas Parkway as the private sector solely finances the project and assumes the high revenue risk and responsibility to operate and maintain the facility. The Brownfield model faces a political backlash in the U.S., and this risk has become fundamental to the model. Based on their core competencies, companies decide in which of the two models they are suited to participate. Their individual expertise adds value when they collaborate to deliver a public-private partnership. Finally, further evolution of the Greenfield and Brownfield models depends upon the developments in the U.S. P3 market. / Master of Science

The agricultural industry is changing every day, and new innovations are being developed faster than educational resources can be developed. Secondary agricultural education is faced with the challenges of keeping up with the changes in the industry. Determining how to bring cutting edge innovative content to the classroom is difficult and without a clear vision of what is relevant it is impossible. The purpose of this case study was to determine how modern agricultural education programs may be designed and developed to support innovative agricultural content. The researcher focused on the planning theory of (Cervero and Wilson, 2006), as well as the Diffusion of Innovations Theory (Rogers, 2003) for the theoretical framework of the research. The case study used a qualitative approach to examine the phenomenological views of stakeholders and artifacts collected to support the innovative program design. This qualitative study used interviews to describe and find the meanings to how modern agricultural education programs may be designed and developed to support innovative agricultural content. The findings of this study delivered a clear picture of this innovative agricultural education program. There were five categories and nine themes to emerge from the data collected, these categories and themes support the role the participants have played in the design and development of this innovative agricultural education program. The study showed that teachers were the key to a successful program. Teachers were then connected to professional development, program support, curriculum, and expectations of students at the end of their agricultural education program. / PHD / This case study looked at a modern rural high school agricultural education program in Southwest Virginia. The purpose of the study was to determine how this modern agricultural education program was designed and developed to support innovative agricultural content. The researcher focused on the data collected to describe the methods and resources used to establish the current program. There were twenty-one stakeholders interviewed to examine their views and lived experiences during the development of the program, also artifacts were collected to support the innovative program design. The findings of this study delivered a clear picture of this innovative agricultural education program. There were five categories and nine themes to emerge from the data collected, these categories and themes support the role the participants played in the design and development of this innovative agricultural education program. The study showed that teachers were the key to a successful program. Teachers were then connected to professional development, program support, curriculum, and expectations of students at the end of their agricultural education program.

Recent advancements in instructional technology and interactive learning space designs have transformed how undergraduate classrooms are envisioned and conducted today. Large number of research studies have documented the impact of instructional technology and interactive learning spaces on elevated student learning gains, positive attitudes, and increased student engagement in undergraduate classrooms across nation. These research findings combined with the movement towards student-centered instructional strategies have motivated college professors to explore the unfamiliar territories of instructional technology and interactive learning spaces. Only a limited number of research studies that explored college professors’ perspective on instructional technology and interactive learning space use in undergraduate classrooms exist in the education research literature. Since college professors are an essential factor in undergraduate students’ academic success, investigating how college professors perceive and utilize instructional technology and interactive learning environments can provide insights into designing effective professional development programs for college professors across undergraduate institutions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate college professors’ pedagogical reasoning behind incorporating different types of instructional technologies and teaching strategies to foster student learning in technology-infused interactive learning environments. Furthermore, this study explored the extent to which college professors’ instructional decisions and practices are affected by teaching in an interactive learning space along with their overall perception of instructional technology and interactive learning spaces. Four college professors from a large public Midwestern university who taught undergraduate science courses in a classroom based on the ‘SCALE-UP model’ participated in this study. Major data sources included classroom observations, interviews and questionnaires. An enumerative approach and the constant comparative method were utilized to analyze the data. According to the results obtained, all the participating college professors of this study employed a variety of instructional technologies and learning space features to actively engage their students in classroom activities. Participants were largely influenced by the instructional technology and the learning space features at lesson planning and execution stages whereas this influence was less notable at the student assessment stage. Overall, college professors perceive technology-infused interactive learning environments to be advantageous in terms of enabling flexibility and creativity along with easy facilitation of classroom activities. However, they felt challenged when designing effective classroom activities and preferred continuous professional development support. Overall, college professors’ pedagogical decision making process, their perceived benefits and challenges seemed to be interrelated and centered on the learners and the learning process. Primary implication of this study is to implement effective professional development programs for college professors which enable them to familiarize themselves with student-centered pedagogy and effective classroom activity design along with the novel trends in learning space design and instructional technologies. Furthermore, higher education institutions need to devise incentives and recognition measures to appreciate college professors’ contributions to advance scholarship of teaching and learning.

Medical Cosmoceutical service is a new rising medical service in recent 5 years. It combines medical profession and cosmetic service, offering customers integrated aesthetic therapy services that are safe, reliable, delicate and effective. Due to medical cosmoceutical is a popular and self-payed medical service not limited to any specific medical field by law, it is undouhtedly an effective way of business transformation for the medical institutes with difficult running under poor National Health Insurance policy. Therefore, many plastic surgery and dermatological clinics, and other medical field even beauty salons, quite to establish their medical cosmoceutical service for competing this big market. Surviving the strong competition in this hot market of medical cosmoceutical is an important issue for every member of the plastic surgery field that seeks to succeed in this medical cosmoceutical business. The key successful factor for plastic surgery field in medical cosmoceutical shall be an innovative strategy and innovative business model that leads to attracting and retaining customers. Through literature review and the practice data of T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery based on its mamagement philosophy and business model, this study proposes the following three innovative strategies for medical cosmoceutical service: (1) Pioneer into the offering of medical cosmoceutical service that providing dedicated post-cosmetic surgery massage therapy ; (2) Pioneer into the research and development of skin care product therapeutic compound formula; and (3) Pioneer into the training and certification center for medical aesthetician. Followed by the dimensions of four innovative business model listed below, successful business performance will be obtained through the offering of comprehensive service attachment that enhances customers¡¦ willingness to accept such services. The four innovative business models comprise: (1) Knowledge transfer to customers, by delivering medical cosmetic knowledge for promoting trustworthiness from customers; (2) Customer relationship management (CRM) ,with higher customer value through maintaining close relationship with customers by offering multiple two-way communication channels; (3) Experience marketing, by creating word-of-month effects, and (4) Strategic alliance, through the referrals from related clinics, beauty salons, and affiliated medical cosmetic workshops to acquire more customers. In the verification of innovative strategies and business models for medical cosmoceutical business, this study adopts both qualitative and quantitative research methodology to provide deep insights and findings. In qualitative research, a small scale qualitative ¡§customer in-depth interview¡¨ is conducted on the medical cosmoceutical customers (5 people) of the T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery, to verify accuracy of the innovative strategies and business model, followed by a large scale quantitative questionnaire survey (100 people) on the customers that are randomly drawn from the customers of T Union Clinic of Plastic Surgery. With quantitative data derived from the survey, the viability of the innovative strategies and innovative models are further verified. In conclusion, the research finding is that after quantitative and qualitative verification from the customer perspective, the three innovative strategies and four innovative business models proposed for medical cosmoceutical business has been indeed proved as the successful model for medical cosmoceutical business in the plastic surgery field, and is also commonly accepted by the medical cosmoceutical customers. Furthermore, an additional insight extracted from the verification in customer perspective is the need for designing of system for employee training and encouragement. By this, the effectiveness of transfering knowledge to customers and service quality delivery will be expected to enhance. So, this study adds the fifth dimension ¡§Employee training and encouragement¡¨ to the innovative business model. In the point of view of management implicatin, when performing the innovative strategy and innovative business model for medical cosmoceutical business in plastic surgery field, one should pay more attension to two management aspects, including internal management and external customer service. In the peer suggestion, the three innovative strategies and the four innovative business model proposed by this study are practically viable and may serve as the practical suggestions for the plastic surgery peer when providing medical cosmoceutical service.

知識經濟的時代下，「創新」是廠商競爭力的關鍵指標，更是整個國家經濟發展的重要基礎，因此哪些因素會影響創新的表現便成為研究者所關心的議題。過去對創新的研究中，或從廠商個體的角度切入，觀察廠商的規模、產業別、員工人數等屬性差異對創新的影響；或從知識外溢的角度切入，觀察廠商與大學、研究機構等知識產生地之間的時間、空間距離對創新的影響；近期又有學者由網絡連結的角度，觀察廠商與其他行動者間的連結關係和互動合作與創新成效間的關連性。本研究的主要目的是希望結合前述三者，觀察不同外溢條件下，廠商網絡的互動連結和個體屬性如何影響其創新成效。 在理論的推導上，本研究在知識外溢的基礎上引入網絡理論，認為不同的地區知識存量不同的情況下，影響廠商創新的因素也不一樣。在實證上，本研究首先利用集群分析的方式將60處編定工業區所在的鄉鎮市區分為二種不同的創新環境，再分別檢驗不同創新環境下，廠商的個體屬性因素和各種網絡連結對創新成效的影響。結果發現在個體屬性方面，廠商的現有專利數、有無設立研發部門以及員工的素質等三項，不論在何種環境下都對創新成效有正面影響。而網絡連結方面，實證中只有研發合作網絡對創新成效有所影響，在知識存量充沛的區域，研發網絡連結可以成為廠商獲取知識的管道，進而提高創新的成效；反之在知識存量不豐的區域中，縱使廠商建立起研發網絡連結，也無法從中取得創新所需要的知識和資訊。比較個體屬性和網絡連結後發現，個體屬性因素的影響力大於網絡因素的影響。因此，根據本研究之結論，未來政府在制定政策時，一方面應該強化廠商投入創新研發的意願，另一方面應設法將廠商引導至知識存量豐富的區域，並幫助促成研究發展的合作連結。 / Under the era of the kownledge economy, “innovation” is a key index of firm’s competitiveness and the foundation of the whole country’s economic, so researcher’s want to know which factors can influence firms’ innovation. In the past study on innovation, some observed the impacts on innovation of the attribute difference, such as scale, industry, number of employee, etc; some observes the firms, universities and research institutions to know the influence of knowledge spillover on innovation. What there were scholars by the angle that the network was linked, among the persons who observes the manufacturer and other actions linked the relation and cooperated interdynamically with the connecting with of closing among the innovative effect recently. The main purpose of this research is to combine three approach above and observe that under different conditions, how firm’s network linkage and individual attributes can influences its innovative. This research introduces network theory on the basis of knowledge spillover, under different situations of knowledge stock, the factor influencing the firm to innovate is different too. In the empirical, I divide 60 industry park into two kinds of different innovative environments by clustering, then examining that under different innovative environments, how the individual attribute factor of firms and the networks linkage impact the innovation. This study found it in individual attribute finally, three items , such as quality of employee, the existing patent of firms, set up R&Dt department, all has positive influence on innovative no matter in which kind of environment. The network linkage, it influences the innovative to some extent to only R&D network in the empricial analysis, the area plentiful in knowledge stock, R&D network can become the channel that tfirmsr obtain knowledge, and then improve the innovation; In the area not abundant of the knowledge stock, even if the firm sets up R&D linkgae, it is unable to get the knowledge and information that innovation needs from it. Finally we can find that the influence power of individual attribute factor is greater than the network linkage. According to the conclusion of this research, the government, while making the policy in the future, on one hand it strengthen firm to invest in R&D to innovate, on the other hand should try to guide firms to knowledge stock abundant area, and help them to set up the R&D linkage.

Die Schriftenreihe veröffentlicht Projektarbeiten, die im Rahmen des Saxony5-Trainee-Programmes von Teilnehmern entstanden sind. Dieses Programm fördert den Wissens-, Kompetenz- und Technologietransfer zwischen Hochschulen und Wirtschaft. Es richtet sich schwerpunktmäßig an Studierende und Absolventen sächsischer Hochschulen. Durch intensive Trainings und Arbeit mit Fallstudien werden innovative und Managementkompetenzen vermittelt, die den Berufseinstieg unterstützen. / The series publishes project works that has been written by participants in the Saxony5 trainee program. This program promotes knowledge, competence and technology transfer between universities and industry. It focuses on students and graduates of Saxon universities. Through intensive training and work with case studies innovative and management skills are trained, which support the career entry of the graduates.