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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

異質生產者模型下,服貿協定對經濟成長之影響

楊鈺涵 Unknown Date (has links)
近年來, 服務貿易在國際間愈趨頻繁, 因此不論在國內外皆有相關研究探討服務貿易協定的簽定是否能為一國經濟帶來成長。即便如此, 服務貿易的自由化是否真能正如過去文獻所述一定會一國帶來經濟成 長? 本文透過延伸 Richard E. Baldwin, Freferic Robort-Nicoud,2008 的模型, 並假設五種知識外溢之型態, 且納入服務生產者異質之設定進行研究。 研究結果發現, 簽訂服務貿易協定不一定會為一國帶來經濟成長, 而是取決於知識的外溢效果。知識外溢效果越高的國家, 其在服務貿易自由化後的經濟成長率也會越高。 期盼此結果能給各國是否應簽訂此類協議政策上的策略與建議。
2

國營事業民營化過程中人才外移對於產業所造成知識外溢效果之研究─以漢翔公司為例

陳心玲 Unknown Date (has links)
No description available.
3

創新環境、網絡與創新成效之研究

楊奕泠, Yang, Yi-Lin Unknown Date (has links)
知識經濟的時代下,「創新」是廠商競爭力的關鍵指標,更是整個國家經濟發展的重要基礎,因此哪些因素會影響創新的表現便成為研究者所關心的議題。過去對創新的研究中,或從廠商個體的角度切入,觀察廠商的規模、產業別、員工人數等屬性差異對創新的影響;或從知識外溢的角度切入,觀察廠商與大學、研究機構等知識產生地之間的時間、空間距離對創新的影響;近期又有學者由網絡連結的角度,觀察廠商與其他行動者間的連結關係和互動合作與創新成效間的關連性。本研究的主要目的是希望結合前述三者,觀察不同外溢條件下,廠商網絡的互動連結和個體屬性如何影響其創新成效。 在理論的推導上,本研究在知識外溢的基礎上引入網絡理論,認為不同的地區知識存量不同的情況下,影響廠商創新的因素也不一樣。在實證上,本研究首先利用集群分析的方式將60處編定工業區所在的鄉鎮市區分為二種不同的創新環境,再分別檢驗不同創新環境下,廠商的個體屬性因素和各種網絡連結對創新成效的影響。結果發現在個體屬性方面,廠商的現有專利數、有無設立研發部門以及員工的素質等三項,不論在何種環境下都對創新成效有正面影響。而網絡連結方面,實證中只有研發合作網絡對創新成效有所影響,在知識存量充沛的區域,研發網絡連結可以成為廠商獲取知識的管道,進而提高創新的成效;反之在知識存量不豐的區域中,縱使廠商建立起研發網絡連結,也無法從中取得創新所需要的知識和資訊。比較個體屬性和網絡連結後發現,個體屬性因素的影響力大於網絡因素的影響。因此,根據本研究之結論,未來政府在制定政策時,一方面應該強化廠商投入創新研發的意願,另一方面應設法將廠商引導至知識存量豐富的區域,並幫助促成研究發展的合作連結。 / Under the era of the kownledge economy, “innovation” is a key index of firm’s competitiveness and the foundation of the whole country’s economic, so researcher’s want to know which factors can influence firms’ innovation. In the past study on innovation, some observed the impacts on innovation of the attribute difference, such as scale, industry, number of employee, etc; some observes the firms, universities and research institutions to know the influence of knowledge spillover on innovation. What there were scholars by the angle that the network was linked, among the persons who observes the manufacturer and other actions linked the relation and cooperated interdynamically with the connecting with of closing among the innovative effect recently. The main purpose of this research is to combine three approach above and observe that under different conditions, how firm’s network linkage and individual attributes can influences its innovative. This research introduces network theory on the basis of knowledge spillover, under different situations of knowledge stock, the factor influencing the firm to innovate is different too. In the empirical, I divide 60 industry park into two kinds of different innovative environments by clustering, then examining that under different innovative environments, how the individual attribute factor of firms and the networks linkage impact the innovation. This study found it in individual attribute finally, three items , such as quality of employee, the existing patent of firms, set up R&Dt department, all has positive influence on innovative no matter in which kind of environment. The network linkage, it influences the innovative to some extent to only R&D network in the empricial analysis, the area plentiful in knowledge stock, R&D network can become the channel that tfirmsr obtain knowledge, and then improve the innovation; In the area not abundant of the knowledge stock, even if the firm sets up R&D linkgae, it is unable to get the knowledge and information that innovation needs from it. Finally we can find that the influence power of individual attribute factor is greater than the network linkage. According to the conclusion of this research, the government, while making the policy in the future, on one hand it strengthen firm to invest in R&D to innovate, on the other hand should try to guide firms to knowledge stock abundant area, and help them to set up the R&D linkage.
4

地方製造業生產力與創新績效之研究

劉珊芳 Unknown Date (has links)
在面對全球化趨勢、知識經濟潮流及中國興起的挑戰與機會下,台灣產業所面臨升級及轉型的壓力與急迫均較以往劇烈,未來各地方專業化的形成已成必然之趨勢。台灣地區目前工業結構或屬勞力密集產業亦或是高機械化、科技化之產業,雖具有彈性、合作、活化網絡等特性,但卻面臨了自行研發資金不足及創新能力薄弱之難處,因此亟需中央政府利用各種政策工具增加地方之研發能力,以促進地方之創新發展,進而治理地方、活化地方之產業,最後回饋至地方經濟成長。在此同時,縣市政府又應如何營造出產業群聚獨特經濟的優勢環境?如何就重點產業尋求技術創新及中央政府的預算支持?台灣地區22個縣市的創新表現有何差異?哪一縣市的創新表現較為突出?創新表現佳的縣市,其產業優勢呈現於哪些面向?另創新表現不佳的縣市,又應如何改善其劣勢項目?如何再創地方競爭力? 準此,本文將從地方與產業之間多投入與多產出的特性,利用資料包絡分析法,以台灣地區22個縣市製造業為實證對象,依據生產要素與產出,結合創新、知識外溢及地理鄰近性的觀點,新增創新績效之代理變數,探究22個縣市在製造業方面的生產力與創新績效的差異為何,藉由評估22個地方製造業之整體效率、技術效率、規模效率,指出相對有效率或無效率的縣市,及各縣市之優、劣勢項目;另對於無效率的縣市要如何重新調整其投入產出值,才能達到有效率的狀況,亦提出改善幅度和方向;另一方面藉由國內產業政策不斷升級轉型之背景分析,來說明中央政府在創新政策方面所扮演的角色為何,又以何種政策工具提升縣市之創新能力,各縣市政府為了爭取更多的資金投入,人口及廠商進駐,又以何種作為來因應。研究成果在於,解釋各地方製造業生產力與創新績效良好或不佳的原因,指出各地方製造業無效率的來源,並提供改進的方向及幅度。而後續研究可從不同的產業別、空間尺度或研究方法進行討論。
5

研發知識外溢、市場競爭與經濟成長

林盈利 Unknown Date (has links)
本文引援Peretto(1998b)的研發模型,假設人口數固定的情況下,進一步延伸設定知識外溢性分別處於研發、生產技術,探討不同技術設定對於經濟成長率及廠商家數的影響,亦即經濟成長率及市場競爭程度間的關連性。 在本文的模型內,可同時決定經濟成長率與廠商家數。模型顯示:(1)當生產與研發技術皆具有外溢性時,其對應的經濟成長率高於其他情況,而廠商家數與只有研發技術具外溢性時相同,(2)生產或研發分別具有外溢性時,經濟成長率與廠商家數相對於其他情況而言,皆須視外生參數而定,(3)生產與研發技術皆不具外溢性時,其對應的經濟成長率低於其他情況,而廠商家數則與只有生產技術具外溢性時相同。 就單一產業而言,外生參數變動導致廠商家數與經濟成長之間具有抵換關係,亦即市場競爭程度與成長率間具抵換關係。若從跨產業的角度來分析,當經濟體系內存在許多不同技術型態的產業時,其經濟成長背後的動力亦會隨著技術型態的相對比重而有所影響。
6

群聚效應對文化創意產業發展的貢獻:以華山1914文化創意產業園區為例 / Contribution of clusters to cultural industries: the case study of Huashan1914 creative park

周凌霄 Unknown Date (has links)
在過去的產業發展經驗中,廠商群聚發展的模式常常是很重要的一個考量,透過群聚能夠產生降低交易成本、整合產業鏈、人才的相互流通等諸多效益,然而隨著時代與環境的變遷,創意慢慢成為廠商或者產業的競爭基礎。這樣的知識經濟時代來臨加上文化創意產業(簡稱文創產業)在各國興起,而為了能夠讓文創產業有適合的發展環境,文創產業的發展與規劃就必須借鏡過去產業發展的經驗,在台灣甚至很多其他國家都選擇以文化創意產業園區(簡稱文創園區)的方式輔導文創產業的發展,因為群聚的模式對過去產業發展是有貢獻的。 台灣目前所規劃的五大文創園區中位在台北市的華山園區是起步最早的一個,目前由台灣文創公司經營,而針對華山園區也有很多質疑的聲音,包括華山經營得太過商業化,甚至排除很多創作者在華山發展的機會等,儘管如此廠商集中群聚在華山園區內部仍然能夠分享到群聚所造成的各種幫助。 透過訪談與文獻分析發現,華山園區的群聚效應對於園內廠商的貢獻有四: (1)華山園區形成並提供跨界合作的平台,園區內的廠商透過跨界的交流與合作促成更多創新。 (2)華山園區開始形成一個文創品牌以後,除了透過高知名度吸引更多顧客以外,也辦理主題性的活動來吸引廠商所需要的目標族群,達成市場區隔。 (3)華山園區能促進人才交流與流動的發生,這樣的過程將有助於廠商的創新行為,在人才培育上華山預期在未來的BOT旗艦中心能有更積極的作為。 (4)華山園區能夠讓廠商與顧客接觸,進一步使組織的知識與顧客互動結合產生如何做(know how)的知識,並且再次透過園區來讓這些知識能夠累積、傳承。 / From past industrial experiences, clusters are considered not only to cut firms’ cost but also integrate their supply chains and other favorable effects. Creativity becomes the base of competition over time and cultural industries had grown up in many countries. In order to make a favorable environment for cultural industries, past industrial experiences are needed because of the big contribution of clusters to past industries. And the cultural industrial cluster mode is not only adopted in Taiwan but also in many other countries. There are 5 cultural industrial clusters in Taiwan. Huashan1914 Creative Park, the first one which was established. Even if there are some criticisms of the park such as about over commercialized operating and artists are crowded out. However, firms in the park shared advantages from this cluster in many ways. Contributions of clusters to cultural industries in Huashan1914 Creative Park’s case can be summed up through literature review and interviews. There are 4 items: (1) Huashan1914 Creative Park offers a platform that firms and individuals share their ideas on it. The ideas on the platform are interdisciplinary. Moreover, the platform also stimulates collaborations and brings more innovations. (2) Since Huashan1914 Creative Park becomes a brand name, it attracts more customers by its high profile and also distinguishes the target customers from the public for firms in the park by holding events. (3) Huashan1914 Creative Park stimulates people to interact with each other and it’s also helpful to firms’ innovations. Moreover, Huashan1914 Creative Park is looking forward to making bigger and more contributions of talent cultivation after it finishes the BOT building. (4) The firms combine their organizational knowledge with the experiences of talking and interacting with customers in Huashan1914 Creative Park, thus the firms have their know how knowledge. And firms cumulate and create much knowledge by the park once again.
7

生產者服務業知識外溢效果-以台北都會區為例 / The spillover effect of R&D on producer services industries in Taipei metropolitan area

劉科汶, Liu, Ke Wen Unknown Date (has links)
隨著知識經濟時代以及全球化的來臨,各國都市面臨全球性的競爭壓力,都市內部業種轉變為以服務業為業種主流,其中的生產者服務業更是成長快速的新興產業,更是適應全球化發展策略的重要產業。因此了解其聚集的成因將更具有時代的意義。產業聚集於都市的現象,傳統聚集經濟多以規模經濟、地方化經濟、都市化經濟為其解釋。近來,由於知識經濟的重要性,衍生出以知識的創新效果以及外溢效果來解釋產業的聚集現象。本研究利用空間距離的影響性來估計產業內知識外溢效果,並利用產業投入產出關聯係數估計產業間知識外溢效果,並採用分量迴歸來進行實證分析,以利於更詳實的解釋各知識外溢效果在於不同公司規模下的影響性。 研究結果發現,投資於R&D要素對於公司的成長並沒有顯著的影響,甚至對於中小型公司為負向影響。產業內知識外溢效果方面,對於各公司規模皆有正向的幫助。產業間知識外溢效果則呈現對大規模公司有正向幫助,對中小規模公司則為負向效果。在知識經濟時代下,兩種知識外溢效果確實有助於大規模公司的成長,為產業聚集的重要成因之ㄧ,但對於中小規模公司則有不同的效果產生。因此在促進產業發展的區位規劃設計上,需要考量不同規模公司與不同知識外溢效果的相互關係,以便有助於生產者服務業的發展,建立更具有國際競爭力的都市型態。 / Facing the developing economics of knowledge and globalization, Taipei metropolitan area has faced the issue of industrial restructuring. The strategy for globalization is to develop the producer services (PS) sector, in order to improve higher competitiveness to the city. The theory of agglomeration economics includes scale economics, localization economics and urbanization economics. Nowadays, spillover effect is considered as the most important reason that industries agglomeration develop in urban areas. This paper analyzes two categories of R&D spillover effect in the PS sector of Taipei metropolitan area by quantile regression. The spatial distance and the Input-Output table are used to calculate the intra-industrial and inter-industrial spillover effect, respectively. The result shows that investment in R&D has a negative effect to firm’s output. Firms with any scale benefit from the intra-industrial spillover effect incomplete. The inter-industrial spillover effect analysis shows that only the bigger scale firms can get the positive benefit, the smaller scale firms get the negative effect. The research analyzes different kinds of R&D spillover effect, and the result show that there are different effects among different conditions. In sum, this research suggests that the disposition of industrial location should consider both the scale of firm and the different spillover effect. As above, utilizing the R&D spillover effect is an important factor to develop the PS sector and to construct the global city.

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