本研究旨在瞭解目前新北市國民小學空間領導、學校組織變革與教師創新教學的現況，分析不同背景變項下之教師，知覺校長空間領導、學校組織變革與教師創新教學之差異情形，並探討三者間之關係，最後建構並驗證校長空間領導、學校組織變革與教師創新教學之結構方程模式。 本研究採問卷調查法，共計抽樣83所學校，發出786份問卷，回收544份有效問卷；問卷回收率達69%。問卷調查結果以描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析及結構方程模式分析等統計方法加以分析與探討。 本研究獲致結論如下： 一、新北市國民小學教師知覺校長空間領導為中上程度，以「建構教育空間」層面表現最突出，「使用者共同參與」之得分最低。 二、新北市國民小學教師知覺學校組織變革為高程度，以「組織文化」層面最獲肯定，「教育科技創新」之知覺程度為最低。 三、新北市國民小學教師知覺教師創新教學為高程度，以「教學方法」層面最獲認同，「情境營造」之知覺程度為最低。 四、新北市國民小學教師，在不同背景變項中（無學校獲獎情形、年齡高者及職務為教師兼主任者），在知覺校長空間領導行為上顯著較高。 五、新北市國民小學教師，在不同背景變項中（無學校獲獎情形及擔任職務為教師兼主任及教師兼導師者），在知覺學校組織變革上顯著較高。 六、新北市國民小學教師，在不同背景變項中（無學校獲獎情形及及兼任行政職之教師者）在知覺教師創新教學行為上顯著較高。 七、新北市國民小學校長空間領導、學校組織變革與教師創新教學具有良好的聚斂效度，且學校組織變革在校長空間領導與教師創新教學間扮演完全中介，故國民小學校長空間領導可透過學校組織變革對教師創新教學產生正向的間接影響。 最後，根據本研究結果，提出具體建議，供教育行政機關、學校教育人員與未來研究之參考 / The purpose of this study is to learn the relationships among the primary school principal space leadership, school organizational change and innovative teaching of teachers in elementary school of New Taipei City. Comparing and analyzing the differences, relationships, and stepwise regression between principal space leadership, school organizational change and innovative teaching of teachers, the researcher tries to build and verify a model for these three elements. Through the use of questionnairs survey method, data were collected from 83 elementary schools, distributing 786 questionnairs in total. Valid questionnairs of 544 were collecte, with a usable rate of 69%. All data were analyzed by the mothods of descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and SEM. According to the results, this study has obtained the following conclusions. 1. The level of space leadership of principals in the elementary schools is medium-performance, and the performance in “constructing educational space” is outstanding, and lower scores on “the users joint participation”. 2. The level of school organizational change is high, and “organizational culture” is certainly the most eligible in the elementary schools, and lower scores on “educational technology innovation”. 3. The level of innovative teaching of teachers is high, and “teaching method” acquired the most recognition in the elementary schools, and lower scores on “constructing circumstance”. 4. The school history, ages , and current positions of sampling teachers show difference on the principal space leadership. 5. The school history, and current positions of sampling teachers show difference on school organizational culture. 6. The school history, and current positions of sampling teachers show difference on effectiveness of school innovative management. 7. The proper fit of structural equation model among principals’ space leadership, school organizational change and innovative teaching of teachers is assessed as positive and can explain the relationships among main variables. School organizational change fully mediated the relationship between principal space leadership and innovative teaching of teachers. School organizational change has the mediation effect on principal space leadership and innovative teaching of teachers. The research findings and suggestions can serve as reference for educational authorities, elementary school principals and subsequent related studies.

Στόχος της παρούσας διατριβής είναι η σχεδίαση και η αξιολόγηση μιας διδακτικής ακολουθίας για την κίνηση του απλού εκκρεμούς, στα πλαίσια της καινοτομικής και εποικοδομητικής αντίληψης για το αναλυτικό πρόγραμμα Φυσικών Επιστημών. Πρόκειται για έρευνα εφικτότητας η οποία διενεργείται σε τρία επίπεδα: της ανάλυσης, του σχεδιασμού και της εφαρμογής. Το επίπεδο ανάλυσης περιλαμβάνει την επιστημολογική ανάλυση του Γαλιλαϊκού πλαισίου μελέτης της κίνησης του απλού εκκρεμούς, την ανάλυση των νοητικών παραστάσεων των μαθητών για την κίνηση του απλού εκκρεμούς και την ανάλυση των απαιτήσεων της καινοτομικής και εποικοδομητικής αντίληψης για το αναλυτικό πρόγραμμα Φυσικών Επιστημών. Το επίπεδο σχεδιασμού περιλαμβάνει τη διατύπωση των διδακτικών στόχων και τη διαμόρφωση του περιεχομένου της διδακτικής ακολουθίας. Δομικά χαρακτηριστικά της ακολουθίας συνιστούν (α) η πολιτισμική επιλογή του τεχνολογικού πλαισίου λειτουργίας του ρολογιού-εκκρεμούς, (β) η εννοιολογική επιλογή της Γαλιλαϊκής προσέγγισης της μελέτης του απλού εκκρεμούς και (γ) η μεθοδολογική επιλογή της σχολικής εκδοχής της υποθετικο -παραγωγικής προσέγγισης της επιστημονικής γνώσης. Η προτεινόμενη ακολουθία απαρτίζεται από τέσσερις διδακτικές ενότητες και υλοποιείται μέσω δραστηριοτήτων - προβλημάτων, οι οποίες βασίζονται σε μετασχηματισμένο ή αυθεντικό υλικό προερχόμενο από την Ιστορία της Επιστήμης. Το επίπεδο εφαρμογής περιλαμβάνει την πειραματική εφαρμογή της διδακτικής ακολουθίας σε 36 μαθητές της Γ΄ Γυμνασίου και την αξιολόγηση της γνωστικής προόδου που υποθέτουμε ότι θα σημειώσουν. Χρησιμοποιείται η τεχνική του ερωτηματολογίου για να ανιχνευθούν οι νοητικές παραστάσεις των μαθητών πριν και μετά τη συμμετοχή τους στην εφαρμογή του προγράμματος. Η ανάλυση των δεδομένων πραγματοποιείται σε τρία επίπεδα. Στο πρώτο επίπεδο καταδεικνύεται η θετική συμβολή των δραστηριοτήτων της διδακτικής ακολουθίας στη μετακίνηση των απαντήσεων των μαθητών προς την κατεύθυνση της αποδεκτής σχολικής γνώσης για τη κίνηση του εκκρεμούς. Στο δεύτερο επίπεδο καταδεικνύεται η συνολική σημαντική γνωστική πρόοδος των μαθητών στις τρεις συνιστώσες της επιστημονικής γνώσης, την πολιτισμική, την εννοιολογική και τη μεθοδολογική. Τέλος, στο τρίτο επίπεδο καταδεικνύεται η θετική συμβολή της διδακτικής ακολουθίας στη συγκρότηση ομάδων μαθητών που χρησιμοποιούν με επαρκή και συνεκτικό τρόπο τόσο την εννοιολογική όσο και τη μεθοδολογική συνιστώσα της επιστημονικής γνώσης. / The aim of this thesis is the design and evaluation of a teaching sequence for the motion of the simple pendulum, under the innovative and constructive approach of the science curriculum. This study belongs to the ‘feasibility’ research current and was carried out at three levels: analysis, design and implementation. The level of analysis involves the analysis of Galilean epistemological framework about the motion of the pendulum, the analysis of mental representations of students about the motion of the simple pendulum and the analysis of the requirements of innovative and constructive approaches for the science curriculum. The level of design includes the formulation of learning objectives and the content development of the teaching sequence. The structural features of the sequence concern (a) the cultural dimension of scientific knowledge (the relationship between the simple pendulum and the timekeeping problem), (b) the conceptual dimension of scientific knowledge (a Galilean semi-quantitative approach of the isochronal motion of the simple pendulum) and (c) the methodological dimension of scientific knowledge (a hypothetico-deductive approach of the relation between the period of the simple pendulum, its string length and its gravitational acceleration) The proposed sequence is composed of four modules and is implemented through problem – solving activities, which are based on transformed or authentic material from the History of Science. The application level includes the experimental implementation of the teaching sequence to 36 students aged 14-15 y.o. and the evaluation of their cognitive progress that we assume took place during the teaching. A questionnaire is used to detect mental representations of students before and after having participated in the teaching intervention. Data analysis was carried out on three levels. The first level shows the positive contribution of the activities of the teaching sequence to a transformation of student responses towards the acceptable scientific school knowledge about the motion of the simple pendulum. The second level shows the overall significant cognitive progress of students in the three components of scientific knowledge, cultural, conceptual and methodological. Finally, the third level shows the positive contribution of the teaching sequence in the formation of groups of pupils using in an efficient and coherent manner both conceptual and methodological aspects of scientific knowledge.

校長正向領導與學校組織學習是影響教師創新教學的重要因素。本研究旨在了解高級中學校長正向領導、學校組織學習與教師創新教學的現況及差異情形，並探討上述三者的相關情形。 本研究方法為文獻分析與問卷調查法。研究對象為新北市、桃園縣、新竹縣、苗栗縣、新竹市之97所高級中學教師，有效樣本共855份。問卷回收後分別以敘述統計、獨立樣本t考驗、單因子變異數分析、積差相關、逐步多元迴歸等統計方法進行分析。根據研究結果將結論分析歸納如下： 一、高級中學教師對校長正向領導之現況知覺良好。 二、高級中學教師對學校組織學習之現況知覺良好。 三、高級中學教師對教師創新教學之現況知覺良好。 四、校長正向領導與學校組織學習間具有顯著正相關。 五、校長正向領導與教師創新教學間具有顯著正相關。 六、學校組織學習與教師創新教學間具有顯著正相關。 七、校長正向領導與學校組織學習對於教師創新教學有正向預測力。 本研究根據以上結論，提出幾點建議提供教育行政單位、高級中學校長、教師與未來相關研究作參考。 關鍵字: 校長正向領導、學校組織學習、教師創新教學 / Principals’ positive leadership and school organizational learning are the important factors of innovative teaching of teachers. This study aims to investigate the current situations and circumstances of senior high school principals’ positive leadership, school organizational learning and innovative teaching of teachers. The purpose of this study is to understand the current situation and the relationships among the positive leadership of principals, school organizational learning and innovative teaching of teachers. The research methods included literature review and questionnaire survey. The subjects of the survey were teachers in 97 senior high schools across New Taipei City, Taoyuan County, Hsinchu County, Miaoli County and Hsinchu City. The study issued a total of 855 valid questionnaires. The data was analyzed by factor analysis, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson Product-moment correlation, multiple regression analysis. The findings based on the results of the research are as follows: 1. The perception of the senior high school teachers toward the principals’ implement positive leadership is good. 2. The perception of the senior high school teachers toward school organizational learning is good. 3. The perception of the senior high school teachers toward the innovative teaching of teachers is good. 4. There is a significant positive correlation between the senior high school principals’ positive leadership and school organizational learning. 5. There is a significant positive correlation between the senior high school principals’ positive leadership and innovative teaching of teachers. 6. There is a significant positive correlation between the senior high school organizational learning and innovative teaching of teachers. 7. The senior high school principals’ positive leadership and school organizational learning have positive direct effect on the innovative teaching of teachers. According to the research findings, some suggestions are proposed for the reference of education administrative units, senior high school principals and teachers, and research staff engaged in future related researches. Keywords：principals’ positive leadership, school organizational learning, innovative teaching of teachers

Our paper presents some preliminary observation from a collaborative exploratory study linking mathematics, science and reading within a technology enhanced problem-based learning scenario conducted at one French Canadian Elementary and Middle School. Presented in a form of dialogue between teacher and researcher, our findings give some meaningful insight in how an innovative mathematics teaching can be developed and implemented using a real-world problem solving. Instead of a traditional presentation of material about lighting up homes, participating mathematics, science and French teachers were working collaboratively with the ICT integration mentor and two university professors helping students investigate a problem from various perspectives using a variety of cognitive and metacognitive strategies, discussing and sharing the finding with peers and presenting them to a larger audience using media tools. Our preliminary results may prompt further investigation of how innovation in teaching and learning can help students become better critical thinkers and scientifically empowered citizens.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-07-29T15:13:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Tese Ivone Maciel Pinto.pdf: 417137 bytes, checksum: 756f036ac3948db6d933c286a90e329e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-10-27 / This thesis focuses on innovative teaching practices in university and they are associated to the categories derived from the concept of innovation built by the researcher, which will guide the construction process and analysis of data research such as: the ontological perspective, epistemological and methodological knowledge, intentionality, consciousness, autonomy, creativity, metacognition, transdisciplinarity,training, professional and educational practice. It is a paradigmatic trend which shows teacher training in the emancipatory perspective. The discussion is centered on complex thinking of the French thinker and philosopher Edgar Morin, and authors such as Capra, Prigogine and Maturana. Considering the complexitiy of the training process,the process of becoming professional and teaching practice, it seeks to base on a theoretical framework of the authors Alves and Oliveira; Anastasiou and Alves; Isaia and Bolzan; Cunha; Santos; Souza; Behrens; Lucarelli; Petraglia; Moraes; Moraes and Tower; Tower and Pujol; Magellan. The research takes place in the context of Pedagogy course, on the campus of Palmas Tocantins, with the participation of teachers that allowed this building and turned it into an unique experience. It is characterized as a qualitative study, whose method is the dialectical historical materialism and the goal designed is to analyze the teaching practices of teachers in pedagogy course at the University of Tocantins (UFT). The data indicate that pedagogical practices that are achieved in teaching at UFT do not characterize innovate pedagogical practices, according to the theoretical-methodological perspective that justifies this investigative work. The pedagogical practices developed by research teachers correspond to a kind of teaching situated in a conservative paradigm, do not comprehend and not know the foundations of emancipatory paradigm. The innovations that were evoked in practices that they realize do not set the necessary intention to break with the reproductivist logic and, consciously, to build a new relationship with the teaching, research and extension. These interpreted data call the attention and suggest studies at the university that lead to a reflection about emancipatory paradigm in order to contribute to ontological, epistemological and methodological referrals the knowledge.These are important to training and to provide a conscious and creative innovative teaching, in which the teacher can: a) reflect about his practice with new consciousness; b) use metacognitive knowledge, and c) intentionally build knowledge together to course academics, awakening them to emancipatory pedagogical practices. / A presente tese focaliza as práticas pedagógicas inovadoras na docência universitária que estão associadas às categorias oriundas do conceito de inovação construído pela pesquisadora que orientam todo o processo de construção e de análise dos dados da pesquisa, tais como: a dimensões ontológica, epistemológica e metodológica do conhecimento, a consciência, a autonomia, a criatividade, a metacognição, a transdisciplinaridade, na formação, profissionalização e prática educativa. A discussão está centrada no pensamento complexo do pensador e filósofo francês Edgar Morin, e em autores como Capra, Prigogine, Nicolescu e Maturana. Considerando a complexidade do processo da formação, da profissionalização e da prática docente, procura-se fundamentar em referenciais teóricos dos autores como Alves e Oliveira; Anastasiou e Alves; Isaia e Bolzan; Cunha; Santos; Souza; Behrens; Lucarelli; Petraglia; Moraes; Moraes e Torre; Torre e Pujol que buscam romper com o paradigma conservador. A pesquisa transcorre no contexto do curso de Pedagogia, no campus de Palmas, no estado do Tocantins, com a participação de docentes que possibilitaram essa construção e a transformaram em uma experiência muito singular. Caracteriza-se como um estudo qualitativo, tendo como método o materialismo histórico dialético e o objetivo delineado consiste em analisar as práticas pedagógicas dos docentes do curso de pedagogia da Universidade Federal do Tocantins. O problema consiste em verificar se determinadas práticas pedagógicas que se efetivam na docência têm, intencionalmente, o sentido de serem inovadoras? Para a apropriação dos dados utiliza-se a história de vida, para extrair as falas dos sujeitos, sem a preocupação com a linearidade histórica, de modo a permitir a evocação de um tempo social, cultural e as particularidades da vida que se deseja contar. Os dados analisados concluem que as práticas pedagógicas que se efetivam na docência da UFT não caracterizam práticas pedagógicas inovadoras, segundo a perspectiva teórico-metodológica que fundamenta este trabalho investigativo. Os docentes da pesquisa desenvolvem práticas pedagógicas que correspondem a uma docência situada no paradigma conservador; não compreendem e desconhecem os fundamentos do paradigma emancipador. As inovações que evocaram relativas às práticas que realizam não configuram a intencionalidade necessária para romper com a lógica reprodutivista e, conscientemente, construir uma nova relação com o ensino, à pesquisa e a extensão. Os dados sugerem estudos na universidade que conduzam a uma reflexão sobre o paradigma emancipador, as dimensões ontológicas, epistemológicas e metodológicas do conhecimento a fim de propiciar uma docência inovadora consciente e criativa em que o docente possa: a) refletir sobre sua prática com nova consciência; b) utilizar os conhecimentos metacognitivos e c) construir intencionalmente o conhecimento, em colaboração com os acadêmicos, despertando-os para as práticas pedagógicas emancipatórias.

Durch die Kooperation des Lehrstuhls für Betriebswirtschaftliche Steuerlehre der Universität Leipzig und der Professur Betriebswirtschaftslehre, insbesondere betriebswirtschaftliche Steuerlehre an der HTWK Leipzig konnte ein innovatives, an die Veränderungen der Steuerfunktion angepasstes Lehrangebot geschaffen werden. Das Abhalten gemeinsamer Veranstaltungen erlaubt die Bündelung der Kapazitäten beider Steuer-Lehreinrichtungen und eine Erweiterung des Lehrangebots für die Studierenden beider Hochschulen. Das Projekt verknüpft darüber hinaus den Erwerb fachlichen Wissens durch Präsenzveranstaltungen und den Zugriff auf eine E-Learning-Plattform mit der Anwendung der erworbenen Kenntnisse. Im „Tax Game“ werden Studierende dazu angehalten als Tax Manager eines simulierten Unternehmens die Strukturen und Transaktionen in (simulierten) Zeitdrucksituationen zu gestalten. Dies schult die Entscheidungsfähigkeit und erhöht den Lernfortschritt im Vergleich zum Frontalunterricht.

The critical shortage of registered nurses (RNs) in the United States has led to increased enrollment in nursing schools, but the number of graduates is still decreasing, as nursing students struggle and fail in upper division courses. There is a significant gap in knowledge concerning students' self-efficacy (SE) as a factor directly influencing students' academic performance. The problem examined in this correlational study was the impact of collaborative learning in an innovative classroom setting on Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) students' SE and academic performance. Framed by Bandura's theory of SE, the research questions examined the relationship between students' SE scores at the beginning and end of the innovative course, and their end-of-course grade. The sample included 22 students from one nursing class (N = 22) in an undergraduate-level nursing program in Texas. Data sources included disaggregated student grades and an anonymous, online survey. Analyses included Chi-square and Pearson's r correlation of the data. Results indicated SE scores at the end of the course were higher than they were at the beginning of the course, which provided an initial understanding of the impact of the innovative learning environment on BSN students' academic performance, but were not statistically significant and could not, therefore, disprove the null hypothesis. This study indicates that student nursing courses could increase student self-efficacy, which would result in a positive impact in hospital and clinic support for United States citizens.

Our paper presents some preliminary observation from a collaborative exploratory study linking mathematics, science and reading within a technology enhanced problem-based learning scenario conducted at one French Canadian Elementary and Middle School. Presented in a form of dialogue between teacher and researcher, our findings give some meaningful insight in how an innovative mathematics teaching can be developed and implemented using a real-world problem solving. Instead of a traditional presentation of material about lighting up homes, participating mathematics, science and French teachers were working collaboratively with the ICT integration mentor and two university professors helping students investigate a problem from various perspectives using a variety of cognitive and metacognitive strategies, discussing and sharing the finding with peers and presenting them to a larger audience using media tools. Our preliminary results may prompt further investigation of how innovation in teaching and learning can help students become better critical thinkers and scientifically empowered citizens.

Recent nursing literature has repeatedly proclaimed the need for creativity in nursing. The complexity of contemporary nursing practice as a result of the explosion of knowledge and technology, changing human values and diverse health care systems, requires an innovative and creative nurse who can adapt to change and provide holistic, individualised, context-specific patient care. Higher levels of cognitive thought, creative thinking and problem-solving skills have been stressed as desirable qualities of student nurses. It is suggested in the literature that the evolution of innovative strategies and the ways to implement them into nursing curricula be explored in order to assist and encourage students to develop these higher cognitive skills. From an analytical study of the literature which was undertaken with the aim of exploring the nature of creativity and the processes involved in creative thinking and learning, and of identifying innovative strategies particularly relevant to the teaching of nursing, it became apparent that the most significant determinants in teaching for creativity, are the learning enviromnent, the educator-student relationship, and the provision of a variety of teaching strategies, which are student-centred with a problem-solving focus. It was established that stimulation of both the left and right hemispheres of the brain is essential for the development of creative thinking skills. Based on the insights and knowledge gained in the study, a nursing education model for the fostering of creativity was developed. This model encompasses a wide variety of didactic considerations and is designed to stimulate whole brain learning. It is hoped that its use will be of value in the production of innovative and courageous nurse practitioners who will be better equipped to cope with the changes and challenges of their working environment and be able to provide context-specific nursing care. / Health Studies / D. Litt. et Phil. (Nursing Science)

本研究旨在瞭解幼稚園教師學校組織創新氣氛知覺、知識分享行為對創新教學行為之影響以及三者之關係。首先瞭解幼稚園教師學校組織創新氣氛知覺、知識分享行為與創新教學行為之現況；其次，探討幼稚園教師學校組織創新氣氛知覺、知識分享行為與創新教學行為之相關性；最後，以多元迴歸分析幼稚園教師學校組織創新氣氛知覺與知識分享行為對創新教學行為之預測力，以及探討學校組織創新氣氛是否透過知識分享行為此中介變項影響教師創新教學行為。 本研究以台北市公私立幼稚園教師為研究對象，以「校園創新氣氛量表」，以及修改之「知識分享行為量表」與「創意教學行為量表」為研究工具，有效樣本為272份，資料回收後分別以描述性統計、皮爾森積差相關分析，以及多元迴歸分析等統計方法進行資料處理。本研究獲致之結論如下： 1. 學校組織創新氣氛知覺與創新教學行為達顯著正相關。 2. 知識分享行為與創新教學行為達顯著正相關。 3. 學校組織創新氣氛知覺與知識分享行為達顯著正相關。 4. 學校組織創新氣氛的「工作條件」跟「學習成長」面向可以有效預測教師的 創新教學行為。 5. 知識分享行為的「行動示範」、「知識共構」可有效預測教師創新教學行為。 6. 就學校組織創新氣氛、知識分享行為對創新教學行為的整體模式而言，學校 組織創新氣氛中的「工作條件」可透過知識分享行為中的「行動示範」與「知識共構」此兩個中介變項預測幼稚園教師的創新教學行為。 最後，研究者根據研究結論針對幼稚園組織與幼稚園教師，以及未來研究提出具體建議，以期對未來幼稚園實行創新教學及相關後續研究有所助益。 / The main purposes of this study were as following: First of all, understand the teachers’ awareness of organizational innovative climate, teachers’ knowledge sharing behavior, and innovative teaching. Second, understand the relationships among these three variables. Third, explore the predictive power of the teachers’ awareness of organizational innovative climate, teachers’ knowledge sharing behavior, and innovative teaching. This study adopts the survey method by questionnaire. This study included 272 kindergarten teachers in Taipei city, Taiwan. The applied analysis methods were Descriptive Statistics, Factor analysis, Cronbach α coefficient analysis, Pearson’s correlation analysis, and Regression through SPSS18.0. The main findings of this study were summarized as follows: 1. It showed positive correlation between teachers’ awareness of organizational innovative climate and creative teaching. 2. The relationships between teachers’ knowledge sharing behavior, and creative teaching were positive. 3. It showed positive correlation between teachers’ awareness of organizational innovative climate and teachers’ knowledge sharing behavior. 4. Job Conditions and Professional Learning can predict teachers’ innovative teaching. 5. Action Demonstration and Knowledge Building can predict teachers’ innovative teaching. 6. It appeared that knowledge sharing plays mediating roles among organizational innovative climate and innovative teaching.