El uso combinado de diversidad en el dominio temporal, frecuencial y espacial constituye una valiosa herramienta para mejorar la recepción de servicios de difusión móviles. Gracias a la mejora conseguida por las técnicas de diversidad es posible extender la cobertura de los servicios móviles además de reducir la infraestructura de red. La presente tesis investiga el uso de técnicas de diversidad para la provisión de servicios móviles en la familia europea de sistemas de difusión terrestres estandarizada por el prpoyecto DVB (Digital Video Broadcasting). Esto incluye la primera y segunda generación de sistemas DVB-T (Terrestrial), DVB-NGH (Handheld), y DVB-T2 (Terrestrial 2nd generation), así como el sistema de siguiente generación DVB-NGH. No obstante, el estudio llevado a cabo en la tesis es genérico y puede aplicarse a futuras evoluciones de estándares como el japonés ISDB-T o el americano ATSC. Las investigaciones realizadas dentro del contexto de DVB-T, DVB-H y DVBT2 tienen como objetivo la transmisión simultánea de servicios fijos y móviles en redes terrestres. Esta Convergencia puede facilitar la introducción de servicios móviles de TB debido a la reutilización de espectro, contenido e infraestructura. De acuerdo a los resultados, la incorporación de entrelazado temporal en la capa física para diversidad temporal, y de single-input multiple-output (SIMO) para diversidad espacial, son esenciales para el rendimiento de sistemas móviles de difusión. A pesar de que las técnicas upper later FEC (UL-FEC) pueden propocionar diversidad temporal en sistemas de primera generación como DVB-T y DVB-H, requieren la transmisión de paridad adicional y no son útiles para la recepción estática. El análisis en t�ñerminos de link budjget revela que las técnicas de diversidad noson suficientes para facilitar la provision de servicios móviles en redes DVB-T y DVB-T2 planificadas para recepción fija. Sin embargo, el uso de diversidad en redes planificadas para recepción portable / Gozálvez Serrano, D. (2012). Combined Time, Frecuency and Space Diversity in Multimedia Mobile Broadcasting Systems [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/16273

Yes / An adaptive iterative learning control(ILC) approach is proposed for a class of multi-input multi-output (MIMO) uncertain nonlinear systems without prior knowledge about system control gain matrices. The Nussbaum-type gain and the positive definite discrete matrix kernel are proposed for dealing with selection of the unknown control gain and learning of the repeatable uncertainties, respectively. Asymptotic convergence for a trajectory tracking within a finite time interval is achieved through repetitive tracking. Simulations are carried out to show the validity of the proposed control method.

Yes / This paper presented a planar printed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with a dimension of 100 x 45 mm2. It composed of two crescent shaped radiators placed symmetrically with respect to the ground plane. Neutralization line applied to suppress mutual coupling. The proposed antenna examined both theoretically and experimentally, which achieves an impedance bandwidth of 18.67% (over 2.04-2.46 GHz) with a reflection coefficient < -10 dB and mutual coupling minimization of < -20 dB. An evaluation of MIMO antennas is presented, with analysis of correlation coefficient, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and capacity loss. These characteristics indicate that the proposed antenna suitable for some wireless applications.

No / This paper presented a planar printed multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with a dimension of 100 x 45 mm 2 . It composed of two crescent shaped radiators placed symmetrically with respect to the ground plane. Neutralization line applied to suppress mutual coupling. The proposed antenna examined both theoretically and experimentally, which achieves an impedance bandwidth of 18.67% (over 2.04-2.46 GHz) with a reflection coefficient < -10 dB and mutual coupling minimization of < -20 dB. An evaluation of MIMO antennas is presented, with analysis of correlation coefficient, total active reflection coefficient (TARC) and capacity loss. These characteristics indicate that the proposed antenna suitable for some wireless applications. Mutual Coupling Reduction of Two Elements Antenna for Wireless Applications. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/261064207_Mutual_Coupling_Reduction_of_Two_Elements_Antenna_for_Wireless_Applications [accessed Aug 1, 2017].

Pulsed power systems are concerned with the delivery of significant amounts of power in a greatly condensed time frame. To achieve this, energy is often stored in a capacitor, where it can be rapidly discharged. Certain applications require repeated charging and discharging of the load capacitor in a specifically modulated manner; special power electronics systems must be developed for these situations. Existing systems on the market sacrifice a small form factor for greater pulsed power output. The proposed design outlines the development of a compact pulsed power capacitor charger capable of charging a load capacitor to high voltages at a pulse repetition frequency of 30 kHz. Due to the compact form factor, the charger features a unique design of four full-bridge converters modularly connected in Input-Parallel Output-Series configuration. Experimental verification shows that the system exceeds expectations and can be utilized and adapted to fit many pulsed power applications.

Next generation wireless communications require transmission of reliable high data rate services. Second generation wireless communications systems use single-input multiple-output (SIMO) channel in the reverse link, meaning one transmit antenna at the user terminal and multiple receive antennas at the base station. Recently, information theoretic research has shown an enormous potential growth in the capacity of wireless systems by using multiple antenna arrays at both ends of the link. Space-time coding exploits the spatial-temporal diversity provided by the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) channels, significantly increasing both system capacity and the reliability of the wireless link. The Virginia Tech Space-Time Advanced Radio (VT-STAR) system presents a test bed to demonstrate the capabilities of space-time coding techniques in real-time. Core algorithms are implemented on Texas Instruments TMS320C67 Evaluation Modules (EVM). The radio frequency subsystem is composed of multi-channel transmitter and receiver chains implemented in hardware for over the air transmission. The capabilities of the MIMO channel are demonstrated in a non-line of sight (NLOS) indoor environment. Also to characterize the capacity gains in an indoor environment this test bed was modified to take channel measurements. This thesis reports the system design of VT-STAR and the channel capacity gains observed in an indoor environment for MIMO channels. / Master of Science

Cette thèse porte sur l'analyse des performances en traitement du signal et se compose de deux parties: Premièrement, nous étudions les bornes inférieures dans la caractérisation et la prédiction des performances en termes d'erreur quadratique moyenne (EQM). Les bornes inférieures de l'EQM donne la variance minimale qu'un estimateur peut atteindre et peuvent être divisées en deux catégories: les bornes déterministes pour le modèle où les paramètres sont supposés déterministes (mais inconnus), et les bornes Bayésiennes pour le modèle où les paramètres sont supposés aléatoires. En particulier, nous dérivons les expressions analytiques de ces bornes pour deux applications différentes: (i) La première est la localisation des sources en utilisant un radar multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO). Nous considérons les bornes inférieures dans deux contextes c'est-à-dire avec ou sans erreurs de modèle. (ii) La deuxième est l'estimation de phase d'impulsion de pulsars à rayon X qui est une solution potentielle pour la navigation autonome dans l'espace. Pour cette application, nous avons calculé plusieurs bornes inférieures de l'EQM dans le contexte de données modélisées par une loi de Poisson (complétant ainsi les travaux disponibles dans la littérature où les données sont modélisées par une loi gaussienne). Deuxièmement, nous étudions le seuil statistique de résolution limite (SRL), qui est la distance minimale en termes des paramètres d'intérêts entre les deux signaux permettant de séparer / estimer correctement les paramètres d'intérêt. Plus précisément, nous dérivons le SRL dans deux contextes: le traitement d'antenne et le radar MIMO en utilisant deux approches basées sur la théorie de l'estimation et sur la théorie de l'information. Finalement, nous proposons des expressions compactes du SRL dans le cas d'erreurs de modèle. / This manuscript concerns the performance analysis in signal processing and consists into two parts : First, we study the lower bounds in characterizing and predicting the estimation performance in terms of mean square error (MSE). The lower bounds on the MSE give the minimum variance that an estimator can expect to achieve and it can be divided into two categories depending on the parameter assumption: the so-called deterministic bounds dealing with the deterministic unknown parameters, and the so-called Bayesian bounds dealing with the random unknown parameter. Particularly, we derive the closed-form expressions of the lower bounds for two applications in two different fields: (i) The first one is the target localization using the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar in which we derive the lower bounds in the contexts with and without modeling errors, respectively. (ii) The other one is the pulse phase estimation of X-ray pulsars which is a potential solution for autonomous deep space navigation. In this application, we show the potential universality of lower bounds to tackle problems with parameterized probability density function (pdf) different from classical Gaussian pdf since in X-ray pulse phase estimation, observations are modeled with a Poisson distribution. Second, we study the statistical resolution limit (SRL) which is the minimal distance in terms of the parameter of interest between two signals allowing to correctly separate/estimate the parameters of interest. More precisely, we derive the SRL in two contexts: array processing and MIMO radar by using two approaches based on the estimation theory and information theory. We also present in this thesis the usefulness of SRL in optimizing the array system.

Les principaux objectifs des opérateurs ferroviaires visent à accroître la sécurité, réduire les coûts d’exploitation et de maintenance et augmenter l’attractivité et les bénéfices du transport ferroviaire en offrant de nouveaux services aux passagers. Ceci ne pourra être atteint que grâce à la multiplication des échanges de données entre les différents acteurs du monde ferroviaire. L’interopérabilité, l’efficacité spectrale, l’optimisation de l’usage des ressources radio et l’amélioration de la fiabilité des communications sont des exigences fortes pour les applications de télécommunication ferroviaires. Les recherches dans le domaine de la radio cognitive ont vu le jour afin de répondre aux besoins de communication de l’armée ainsi qu’aux besoins dans les secteurs de la sécurité publique. Ces domaines partagent souvent les mêmes exigences que les chemins de fers. Ainsi, la radio cognitive a montré un potentiel prometteur pour répondre aux besoins listés précédemment. Une des principales fonctionnalités d’un dispositif de radio cognitive est de prendre conscience de son environnement radioélectrique et de détecter les bandes disponibles. Trois principaux éléments définissent l’environnement de la radio cognitive : l’utilisateur, les règles d’accès au spectre radio et les domaines radio. Cette thèse met en avant plusieurs contributions relatives à la reconnaissance de l’environnement radiofréquence et la détection de bandes libres. Plus spécifiquement, ces contributions portent sur la reconnaissance par la radio cognitive de l’occupation du spectre et de la modulation des signaux présents dans les bandes analysées. Ces fonctions ont été conçues pour le contexte ferroviaire, c’est-à-dire la grande vitesse et un environnement électromagnétique difficile en présence de bruit impulsif. / An essential goal of railway operators is to increase safety, reduce operation and maintenance costs, and increase attraction and profit by offering new services to passengers. These objectives will be reached thanks to a huge increase of data fluxes exchanges between railways stakeholders and infrastructures.Interoperability, spectral efficiency, optimization of radio resource usages, and improvement of communications reliability are of significant interest for railway applications. The Cognitive Radio (CR) research has been successfully applied to meet the communication needs of the military as well as the public-safety sectors, which share many of the same needs as railway. CRs have shown significant promise to answer all of the previously listed requirements. One of the main capabilities of a CR device is to sense and finally become aware of its environment. Three major domains define the environment of the CR, namely, the user, policy, and radio domains. This thesis highlights several contributions to radio environment awareness of a CR device. More specifically, these contributions lie in the spectrum awareness and waveform awareness functions of the CR. We designed these functions for the railways context, that is, a high speed vehicular context, besides difficult electromagnetic environments resulting a heavy-tailed impulsive noise.

In interference-limited wireless networks, interference management techniques are important in order to improve the performance of the systems. Given that spectrum and energy are scarce resources in these networks, techniques that exploit the resources efficiently are desired. We consider a set of base stations operating concurrently in the same spectral band. Each base station is equipped with multiple antennas and transmits data to a single-antenna mobile user. This setting corresponds to the multiple-input single-output (MISO) interference channel (IFC). The receivers are assumed to treat interference signals as noise. Moreover, each transmitter is assumed to know the channels between itself and all receivers perfectly. We study the conflict between the transmitter-receiver pairs (links) using models from game theory and microeconomic theory. These models provide solutions to resource allocation problems which in our case correspond to the joint beamforming design at the transmitters. Our interest lies in solutions that are Pareto optimal. Pareto optimality ensures that it is not further possible to improve the performance of any link without reducing the performance of another link. Strategic games in game theory determine the noncooperative choice of strategies of the players. The outcome of a strategic game is a Nash equilibrium. While the Nash equilibrium in the MISO IFC is generally not efficient, we characterize the necessary null-shaping constraints on the strategy space of each transmitter such that the Nash equilibrium outcome is Pareto optimal. An arbitrator is involved in this setting which dictates the constraints at each transmitter. In contrast to strategic games, coalitional games provide cooperative solutions between the players. We study cooperation between the links via coalitional games without transferable utility. Cooperative beamforming schemes considered are either zero forcing transmission or Wiener filter precoding. We characterize the necessary and sufficient conditions under which the core of the coalitional game with zero forcing transmission is not empty. The core solution concept specifies the strategies with which all players have the incentive to cooperate jointly in a grand coalition. While the core only considers the formation of the grand coalition, coalition formation games study coalition dynamics. We utilize a coalition formation algorithm, called merge-and-split, to determine stable link grouping. Numerical results show that while in the low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) regime noncooperation between the links is efficient, at high SNR all links benefit in forming a grand coalition. Coalition formation shows its significance in the mid SNR regime where subset link cooperation provides joint performance gains. We use the models of exchange and competitive market from microeconomic theory to determine Pareto optimal equilibria in the two-user MISO IFC. In the exchange model, the links are represented as consumers that can trade goods within themselves. The goods in our setting correspond to the parameters of the beamforming vectors necessary to achieve all Pareto optimal points in the utility region. We utilize the conflict representation of the consumers in the Edgeworth box, a graphical tool that depicts the allocation of the goods for the two consumers, to provide closed-form solution to all Pareto optimal outcomes. The exchange equilibria are a subset of the points on the Pareto boundary at which both consumers achieve larger utility then at the Nash equilibrium. We propose a decentralized bargaining process between the consumers which starts at the Nash equilibrium and ends at an outcome arbitrarily close to an exchange equilibrium. The design of the bargaining process relies on a systematic study of the allocations in the Edgeworth box. In comparison to the exchange model, a competitive market additionally defines prices for the goods. The equilibrium in this economy is called Walrasian and corresponds to the prices that equate the demand to the supply of goods. We calculate the unique Walrasian equilibrium and propose a coordination process that is realized by the arbitrator which distributes the Walrasian prices to the consumers. The consumers then calculate in a decentralized manner their optimal demand corresponding to beamforming vectors that achieve the Walrasian equilibrium. This outcome is Pareto optimal and lies in the set of exchange equilibria. In this thesis, based on the game theoretic and microeconomic models, efficient beamforming strategies are proposed that jointly improve the performance of the systems. The gained results are applicable in interference-limited wireless networks requiring either coordination from the arbitrator or direct cooperation between the transmitters.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-15T19:37:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 BRUNO FERRAZ IZARIO.pdf: 4620887 bytes, checksum: bd842cabfdadb0bcb55e0ea548c9fba5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 / The Long Term Evolution (LTE) system belongs to the 4th generation phone system. It is standardized by 3GPP and utilizes several technologies to improve the performance of data transmission. This permits flexibility for mobile devices, which enables a high data rate in the range of 50 Mbps to 100 Mbps, and admit access to various multimedia services. The study presents the results of deploying an LTE network in the city of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, using the 700 MHz band by comparing it to the 2.5 GHz band. By calculating the budget for the LTE system link is information as possible to highlight throughput and cell coverage radius, and other information. The Radio Mobile software was used for verification of results. / O sistema Long Term Evolution (LTE) pertence ao sistema da 4ª geração de telefonia (4G). Ele é padronizado pelo 3GPP e utiliza diversas tecnologias para melhorar o desempenho de transmissão de dados. O mesmo permite uma flexibilidade para dispositivos móveis, possibilitando uma alta taxa de dados na faixa de 50 Mbps a 100 Mbps, além de admitir acesso a diversos serviços multimídias. O estudo apresenta resultados de implantação de uma rede LTE na cidade de Campinas, São Paulo, Brasil, utilizando a faixa de 700 MHz comparando-a com a faixa de 2,5 GHz. Através do cálculo de link budget para o sistema LTE, é possível destacar informações como throughput e raio da célula de cobertura, além de outras informações. O software radio mobile foi utilizado para fins de comprovação de resultados.