The aim of the thesis is to give reader a treatise about specific use of bill of exchange as a securing instrument. The promissory note as a debtor security may take various economic life functions. Since the inception of law of exchange it was primarily the medium of payment, whereas the securing function was developed much later. Actually a relative novelty of securing function of bill of exchange leads to a wide range of issues that need to be resolved in connection with its use. In particular, it is absolutely necessary to realize that the obligation incorporated into promissory note will be regardless of its function always the obligation abstract and individual. The above mentioned abstract and individual obligation is mainly manifested in a different connection to the secured obligation, which is much more fragile than in case of use of standard securing obligations that are on the contrary characteristic by accesority and subsidiarity. In spite of the fact that the aim of the thesis is concentrated on bill of exchange as securing instrument, the first chapter is devoted to issues of law of exchange in general. Within particular subchapters there is outlined the historical development of law of exchange in our country, including the sources of current legislation. Furthermore author explains...

Master of Music / Department of Music / David Littrell / An aspect of instrument choice that has not been studied in such abundance as the topics of timbre and gender associations of instruments are the influences of external factors, such as ensemble director, parent and family, friends, academic diversity, travel opportunities, and medical reasons as examples; however, these factors have been briefly addressed in word alone in many of the studies completed for related examinations. This study is integral in defining how music educators can better identify supplementary factors in addition to the timbre and gender association studies that will further influence students to choose to play an instrument and more specifically a string instrument. The findings can be applied to band, choir, theater, ROTC, and any other student organization as these factors are contributions and experiences from the student’s life previous to the presentation of the new activity. The current study focuses primarily on string instrument choice as gathered from a pilot survey using a string youth symphony ensemble from the Midwest as subjects and then high school students from three different but similar districts also in the Midwest. The information provided by the students was in agreement with previously performed studies; however, it also featured truths specifically unique to the ensemble and communities in which they were gathered. The researcher will seek to answer the following research questions: 1) What are the three most influential external factors that contributed to the student’s choice to begin string instruction? 2) How are these factors related to the musical culture of the student including opportunities for participation as well as observations? 3) Are family influences stronger than teacher/friend influences? 4) How does the strength of the string community (school and community) affect the beginning string student based on student perceptions of the two communities? Using descriptive statistics, the three most influential external factors contributing to the student’s string instrument choice in the pilot study were Parents, Private lesson teacher, and Other family. The three most influential external factors for the high school students were Parents, Live performance, and Friends. The three most influential external factors for High School #1 were Parents, Live performance, and Elementary Orchestra Teacher. For High School #2, the top three were Parents, High School Orchestra Teacher, and Friends. In High School #3, Parents, Live Performance, and Private Lesson Teacher were shown to be the student’s most influential external factors. In each case, Parents were reported as the most influential external factor for string instrument choice among the populations of students surveyed. When teachers determine recruitment activities, they must recruit the parent, which begins the moment the public school teacher is hired in the orchestra teaching position. Overall, parental influences trump all other external factors in the list examined by this population, which was slightly dissimilar than the review of the literature suggested.

Inom musikvärlden finns det genusstrukturer som ur flera aspekter påverkar musicerande människor negativt. Att känna känslor av osäkerhet och prestationsångest kopplat till musik är vanligt förekommande hos framförallt tjejer som sysslat med musik under sin uppväxt. Detta självständiga arbete handlar om att skapa en musikalisk föreställning som framförs på högstadieskolor med ett musikaliskt material skrivet av kvinnor och med endast kvinnliga musiker på scen. Syftet med arbetet är att genom föreställningen göra elever och lärare medvetna om genusproblematiken i musikvärlden samt erbjuda dem ny kunskap om kvinnliga kompositörer, låtskrivare och musiker i olika genrer. I arbetet går att läsa om hur processen genom gedigen research efter kvinnliga låtskrivare/kompositörer, kontakt med skolor och kvinnliga musiker för deltagande i projektet, planering av föreställningens innehåll samt samtal med elever resulterade i den färdiga föreställningen Jämlik musik? som framfördes för tre högstadieskolor i Stockholm. Förhoppningen är att projektet leder till ett fortsatt arbete med föreställningen och ett fortsatt arbete till att inspirera ungdomar till att våga gå utanför normerna, bryta sina musikaliska barriärer och bli friare i sitt musikaliska utövande.

Die Verkleinerung der modernen Temperatursensoren ermöglicht die Volumenreduzierung der bisher angewandten Stevenson-Wetterhütten. Insbesondere bei automatischen Stationen finden wir wesentlich kleinere Strahlungsschutzeinrichtungen. Langjährige Beobachtungsreihen sind nicht mehr vergleichbar und müssen angepaßt werden. Es werden Einzelwertabweichungen für Temperaturen von mehr als 1 K genannt. Zur Lösung dieses Problems sind Vergleichsuntersuchungen und Anpassungsrechnungen erforderlich. / The minimisation of modern temperature sensors allows to reduce the volume ofthe up to now used Stevenson screens. Especially for automatic stations we found essential smaller radiationshields. Temperature observations of many years arc incomperable and had to be adapted. Errors of more as 1 K for single temperatures are mentioned. For the solution of this problem comparisons and adaptations are necessary.

The transport sector is a major end-user of energy. As consumers are becoming aware and conscious of their environmental footprint making the enviromental footprint of automobile components one of the requirements in new product design development. The purpose of the study is to identify environmental impacts of a plastic panel. The main objective of the study is to perform an environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA) of an existing panel regarding four scenarios with a nonbio-based plastic and a bio-based plastic. The first two scenarios have the same production and use phase, but different end-of-life treatments. The plastic in these scenarios is non-biobased. The last two scenarios have the same bio-based plastic and use phase, but different end-of-life-treatments. The first three scenarios have a surface material covering the plastic. The environmental impacts analyzed are global warming potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, photochemical ozone creation potential, primary energy demand and particulate matter. The analysis is carried out according to the ISO14040/44 with the four steps of LCA: 1) Goal and Scope Definition, 2) Inventory Analysis, 3) Impact Assessment, and 4) Interpretation. The functional unit of the anaysis is a plastic panel. The inventory was collected by literature, the LCA software GaBi, and the commissoner of the study. The environmental impact assessment was conducted in GaBi 8 with the method of CML2015, Primary Energy, and IMPACT2002+. A dominance and a contribution analyses were applied to identify the hotspots of the life cycle. The hotspot of the life cycle was identified to be the production phase. The main contributor within the scenarios was the plastic production, specifically the granulates and the fiber fillings. The bio-based plastic reduced the impacts compared to the non-bio-based in five out of six cases. However, the photochemical ozone creation potential for both plastics were the same. The bio-based plastic reduced the GWP 16%, AP by 1%, EP by less than 1%, and PED by 19%. If the surface cover in aluminum was removed, the GWP was reduced by 46%, AP by 35%, EP by29%, POCP by 36%, PED by 42%and PM by 40%.  The transportation contributed most to impacts in the acidification potential, eutrophication potential, and particulate matter. The transportation’s impacts were greater in the bio-based plastic than the non-bio-based. The granulates of the plastic along with the injection molding are the main contributors due to usage of coal-based electricity for the injection molding and oil for the plastic production. The values used in the study are based on country averages which may differ depending on geographic location and its development as China is a country with a large area. The GWP is the highest value of the impacts analyzed, but even though the other are small fractions these may cause great damages. These damages can irritate eyes, damage lungs and destroy photosynthesis. By using recycled material for products instead of new materials, as done in the study, the impacts could be lower. As some previous studies agrees, the usage of bio-plastics lowers the environmental impact by a few percentages.  The bioplastic is an environmentally sustainable option to the current plastic as the location of the panel is not sensitive to excessive heat.

This study explores the experiences of young string players in a music collective called Face the Music. The organization consists of musicians aged 10 to 18, and is dedicated to the preparation and performance of music by living classical composers. I begin with the assertion that contemporary classical music, hereinafter referred to as contemporary music, is often misinterpreted and underappreciated by the general public, and even musicians themselves. There is minimal research exploring what contemporary classical music education is or could be, especially regarding non-professional musicians and/or adolescents. From this starting point, I explore the experiences of 18 members, six coaches, and one parent. Data includes focus group interviews with young string players in quartet settings, individual interviews with coaches, field notes, and a variety of musical artifacts. Face the Music musicians were highly flexible and versatile musicians; they identified as performers, composers, and improvisers—and possibly rebels of some kind. In addition to these subjectivities, their most prominent characteristic was revealed in their “polytonal roles,” a concept I explicate. Findings suggest complex relationships between their emotions and contemporary music. Several disparate benefits, especially social benefits, were manifested through the idea of community. Coaches at Face the Music perceived their roles as pushing the boundaries of traditional classical music training and promoting living composers. The unsureness and uncertainty from the young string players also reflect the ambiguous nature of contemporary music. Findings suggest that there is a space for music educators to re-conceptualize contemporary classical music education for young musicians.

A dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Engineering. / The sudden failure of oil paper-insulated current transformers has become a problem of considerable concern due to the cost of the resulting destruction, and danger to personnel. The aim of the dissertation is. to determine the most suitable method of detecting lncipient faults in current transformers, test this method on an experimental current transformer, and finally implement this technique in a low cost on-line monitor. A literature survey indicated that hydrogen gas-in-oil on-line monitoring would be the most suitable technique.(Abbreviation abstract) / Andrew Chakane 2019

Thesis advisor: Pamela J. Grace / Background: As established in professional codes of ethics, critical care nurses must be equipped to provide good (ethical) patient care. This requires ethical awareness, which involves recognizing the ethical implications of all nursing actions (ranging from the mundane to the dilemmatic). Ethical awareness is imperative in successfully addressing patient needs, however, evidence suggests that the ethical import of everyday issues may often go unnoticed by nurses in practice. Assessing nurses’ ethical awareness is a necessary first step in preparing nurses to identify and manage ethical issues in the highly dynamic critical care environment. Purpose: To use Rasch principles to develop a psychometrically sound instrument to assess the nature and extent of critical care nurses’ ethical awareness in the context of everyday nursing practice, and to assess the success of scale development using a Rasch model. Method: An item bank representing nursing actions was developed (33 items). Content validity testing with nursing ethics experts (n = 5) was performed (CVI-I = 1). Eighteen items were selected for face validity testing with graduate nursing students (n = 7). After revisions, two full-scale pilot administrations were performed to run item analyses. Sample: Critical care nurses (n = 116) at a large academic teaching hospital in New England. Results: Pilot test analyses suggest sufficient item invariance across samples and sufficient construct validity. Final analyses demonstrate a progression of items uniformly along a hierarchical continuum; items that match respondent ability levels; response categories that are sufficiently used; a Principle Components Analysis demonstrating randomness of residuals, and adequate internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.83). Mean ethical awareness scores were in the low/moderate range (M = 34.9/54; logit = -0.21). Conclusion: The results of this study suggest the Ethical Awareness Scale (EAS) is a psychometrically sound, reliable, and valid measure of ethical awareness in critical care nurses. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2017. / Submitted to: Boston College. Connell School of Nursing. / Discipline: Nursing.

Se a música brasileira em muitas de suas manifestações é reconhecida pela sua excelência, o mesmo não se pode dizer dos instrumentos musicais produzidos em território nacional. Em relação aos instrumentos eletrônicos que começaram a surgir na década de 1960, isso leva a crer que não houve nenhuma iniciativa dentro do Brasil que pudesse mudar esse quadro. No entanto, isto está longe de ser verdade, como esta pesquisa pretende mostrar. Mesmo assim, até hoje a confecção de instrumentos eletrônicos é dominada pela indústria estrangeira, sugerindo uma maior investigação e reflexão dos fatores que levaram a esta situação. Como será visto, isto não tem a ver somente com a qualidade (ou falta dela) dos projetos descritos ao longo desta pesquisa, mas com outros fatores que vão para além de problemas meramente tecnológicos ou musicais. / If Brazilian music in its various manifestations is recognized as excellent, it cant be said the same about the musical instruments made in the country. Regarding the electronic musical instruments that began to be made about the 1960s onwards, this lead to the believing that nothing was made inside the country to change that scene. But it is far from true, and that is the point of this text. Otherwise, the making of electronic musical instruments is dominated by a foreign industry, suggesting a broader investigation and reflection about the facts that led to this situation. As it will be seen, this has nothing to do with the quality (or the lackof it) of the projects described along this text, but with other reasons going beyond questions simply put as technological or musical.

The Indirect Perpetration Abstract Institute of indirect perpetration is one of the most important institutes of criminal law. This diploma thesis aims to describe the institute of indirect perpetration, analyze its particular forms, analyze more deeply its selected problematic aspects and based on this provide authentic evaluation and propose changes de lege ferenda. The thesis is divided into 4 chapters. The first chapter explains the term of indirect perpetration and its conditions in general. The legally taxative enumerated forms of indirect perpetration are analyzed one by one together with their corresponding examples. The second chapter studies the history of the institute in our country. The subchapters contain legal regulation of the institute in particular criminal codes effective in Czech countries and opinions of selected historical authors about given problematic, all this since the times of Austrian criminal code from 1852 to currently effective criminal code from 2009. The third chapter discusses selected aspects of the Institute of indirect perpetration. The problematic of personally committed and special criminal offenses, omissive and negligence criminal offenses, indirect perpetration committed using vis absoluta and finally indirect perpetration in relation to participation is discussed....