This thesis provides a comprehensive overview of insurance supervision in the Czech and European law. First part outlines the basic concepts and then briefly discusses the evolution of supervision in the Czech lands. The thesis observes expanding goals of insurance supervision and growing number of institutions performing the supervision during the history. Next part follows insurance supervision in terms of applicable regulations according to the Czech law and establishes list of entities under supervision, deals with supervisory authority and its competences, and proceeds to breakdown the subject of supervision. It also focuses on oversight by individual sectoral laws and offers a view of the upcoming changes. The work also presents insurance supervision from the perspective of the European law. It deals with the requirements that EU law on supervision poses, as well as the newly established authorities of macro- and micro-prudential supervision. In the conclusion section the upcoming changes in supervision of the insurance industry are discussed.

The aim of this diploma thesis is the supervision in insurance industry. The main part describes the legal regulation of issues in supervision in the Czech Republic, including historical development. It follows then the interpretation of insurance supervision in the European Union. The final part deals with regulation of supervision in insurance industry in foreign countries, primarily by legislation the Federal Republic of Germany and the Republic of Austria. Key words: supervision in insurance industry insurance law insurance act

The thesis is focused on problems concerning taxing in the insurance industry. Insurance industry is characteristic with specific labels, which involve also taxation. The main subject of the examination is taxation on incomes in connection with insurance. The first part is focused on personal income taxation, especially taxing of insurance benefits. Then the thesis deals with tax concessions of the life insurance. The main theme of the second part is taxing of insurance companies' incomes. From the view of corporate income tax, the main differences are caused by actuarial provisions, so the main attention is paid to them. Both parts include the international comparison.

This paper is focused on new trend in business process automation -- case management; main goal of the paper is proofing of concept for life insurance origination using case management. To fulfill this goal I had to analyze available reports from leading research companies such as Forrester and Gartner. The methodology of achievement the goal of the thesis is complemented with my own practical experiences. This thesis consists from theoretical and practical sections. There are characteristics of case management, general architecture of case management illustrated on IBM Case Manager, market insight of case management and typical case management use cases in theoretical section. Practical section is focused on case management utilization for life insurance origination process. To achieve this, there are defined sample insurance company and process analysis of life insurance origination, analyzed requirements for the proof of concept, its solution architecture and of course the proof of concept is implemented. The last chapter contains evaluation of the proof of concept and includes typical expected case management effects for financial sector. The main contribution of the paper to case management topic is the first complete description of the topic in Czech language and creating proof of concept for case management approach in financial sector.

有鑑於投資活動對壽險公司的重要性，本研究的目的，主要是由壽險業的經營特性中，經由瞭解其各個別公司在不同的條件限制下，分析其投資策略與績效之狀況，以做為投資策略制定的參考。 　　本研究係針業台灣人壽保險業，以個案訪問的方式分析產業內廠商之投資策略。再輔以經營績效的次級資料，探討兩者的關係。投資策略的策略變數包括：投資目標、投資組合、影響投資的因素以及策略決策過程；經營績效的變數包括：聯合率、市場佔有率、保單繼續率、淨利率、投資收益率。 　　研究結論如下：在投資策略方面：1.在投資部門組織方面，資金規模會影響投資部門的人力，投資組合中比例較重的項目，人力的配置也較多。2.各家公司的投資目標不外乎是獲利性、安全性和變現性，至於公益性甚少被考量。3.保險公司的投資目標是在公司之財力及承擔風險能力範圍內，在法令之規定及政府監督下，獲取最高之長期稅後投資收益。4.各壽險公司的投資組合因投資目標的不同而異。5.影響投資策略因素可以分為投資環境、公司本身條件以及外在目標限制，壽險公司在決定投資決策之前必須先行對這些項目對評估。6.中小型的壽險公司因為投資業務較少，投資部門人員也比較精簡，所以在投資決策的過程充分發揮彈性。在投資策略與經營績效之研究方面：1.精確計算現金流量，根據資產、負債的性質做好資產負債管理，可以使壽險公司在兼顧流動性、安全性之下，求取最大的投資報酬率。2.投資高風險的投資工具，不一定能帶來高報酬，但是波動性一定很大，造成投資報酬率、淨利率時好時壞。3.資金規模不一定會影響投資報酬率，資金少的壽險公司也可以運用期間分析、資產負債管理的方法來降低風險、增加報酬率。4.正確的投資策略可以提高投資收益，進而增加淨利率。同時公司可以將獲利反映在保費上，使價格更具有競爭性，以提高新契約佔有率進一步擴大市場佔有率。保費的優惠也會留住舊客戶，提高保單繼續率。另一方面，公司可以增加資本支出，投資新的資源設備，對於提昇商品設計、精算、核保、理賠、服務和投資的品質有正面的幫助。行政效率的提高，可以使損失率、費用率下降。可見投資策略影響投資績效、投資績效會進一步影響經營績效。 第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究動機與目的 1 第二節 研究範圍 3 第三節 論文結構 3 第四節 研究限制 4 第二章 文獻探討 5 第一節 壽險業投資活動概述 5 第二節 壽險業投資特性 9 第三節 壽險業投資策略及影響因素 15 第四節 壽險業投資策略形成與投資決策程序 22 第五節 壽險業投資策略與經營績效 26 第三章 產業研究 31 第一節 產業介紹 31 第二節 產業分析 37 第三節 壽險業投資活動概況 56 第四章 研究設計 67 第一節 研究架構 67 第二節 研究方法 68 第三節 究研變數 69 第五章 壽險公司投資策略個案研究 73 第一節 甲人壽保險公司 73 第二節 乙人壽保險公司 80 第三節 丙人壽保險公司 87 第四節 丁人壽保險公司 95 第六章 個案分析與討論 102 第一節 投資策略比較 102 第二節 經營績效比較 109 第七章 結論與建議 117 第一節 研究結論 117 第二節 對壽險業的建議 119 第三節 對後續研究之建議 120 參考文獻 121

The financial analysis - the classical and special ratios for insurance industry and financial analysis of Slavia Insurance Company, Inc.

This thesis deals with the internalization instrument and with one of the form of provision and compensation of environmental damage, with the environmental insurance. It focuses on the development of this insurance, on the risk assesment, on the determination of premium and on the existing limitations in the insurance contract. The main problem is devoted to the analysis of the Czech insurance market and especially to the compulsory insurance of a major accident. By interrogation of firms and insurance companies, it evaluates a volontary access of the insurance contract conclusion. I try to show that the state intervation don't have to be so well-founded in this domain, because firms are willing to insure volontary and insurance companies are able to offer volontary insurance too. Free decision making of firms would be better and would lead to more effective solution than the state regulation.

I en värld som präglas av den ökade digitaliseringen står företagen inför både möjligheter och utmaningar. Försäkringsbranschen är inget undantag och även om den digitala utvecklingen inte skett lika snabbt som inom exempelvis banksektorn går den digitala utvecklingen nu snabbt i försäkringsbranschen. Denna sektor skiljer sig från många andra branscher då kunderna sällan interagerar med sin tjänsteleverantör vilket i detta fall är försäkringsbolaget. Branschen präglas även av hög konkurrens och kunderna har idag tillgång till jämförelsesidor vilket ökar deras valmöjligheter bland annat. Syftet med studien är att beskriva på vilket sätt ett urval av försäkringskunders lojalitet påverkas av digitaliseringen, samt hur deras lojalitet påverkas av kundnöjdheten. Studien genomförs genom att 12 respondenter som valts ut delar med sig av sina upplevelser genom semistrukturerade intervjuer då en kvalitativ metod används. Studiens resultat indikerar att kunderna föredrar digitala alternativ framför mänsklig kontakt när de interagerar med sina försäkringsbolag. Slutsatserna som dras i studien är att konsumenternas lojalitet anses försämras till följd av digitaliseringen. Samt att en hög kundnöjdhet inte anses leda till en hög lojalitet. Då den större delen av forskningen med koppling till digitalisering, kundnöjdhet och lojalitet som genomförts inom det finansiella området varit inriktad mot banksektorn, bidrar denna studie genom att tillämpa ovanstående faktorer inom ett relativt outforskat område, försäkringsbranschen.

This dissertation contributes to the discussion on the existence and extent of systemic risk in the insurance sector and its regulation. It consists of four self-contained empirical studies. Chapter one contains the introduction and motivation. The second chapter addresses the question of what characteristics an insurer exhibits such that it contributes to potential financial sector instability. The study analyzes stock losses of U.S. insurers and the U.S. financial market during the financial crisis of 2008, and examines idiosyncratic characteristics proposed by regulators to identify systemically important insurers. It employs three well-known measures of systemic risk in cross-sectional and probit regressions. Chapter three examines the relation between asset price bubbles and systemic risk among a global sample of insurance companies over a period of almost thirty years. The fourth chapter focuses on how stock market investors evaluate the presence of systemic risk in the U.S. insurance sector, and whether they price in indicators of systemic risk in insurer stocks. This study employs five different asset pricing models over time periods before, during, and after the financial crisis of 2008. The fifth chapter analyzes the relation between insurers' capital and their profitability around the world over a nine-year period. Causality between the measures of capital and profitability is established using an instrumental variable approach.

Working from the office was not a plausible choice for many organizations due to the COVID-19 pandemic that started in 2020. The insurance industry was one of the industries in Sweden that had to start working from home. This impacted how management could do their job without direct interaction with, and oversight of, employees in the normal office environment. This paper uses theoretical frameworks to establish a foundation within management control systems and performance measurements. A self-built model was constructed based on previous frameworks from Merchant & Van der Stede and Kaplan & Norton. The study is of quantitative nature and uses a survey approach to collect new data within the insurance industry. The concluding remarks of this study are that a change occurred when tracking work performance according to the self-built model. Furthermore, different aspects of the self-constructed model have had a more significant response than others.