The aim of the research was to determine the relationship between the self-concept of student teachers and their interpersonal relationships. A literature survey focused on these two variables. This was followed by an empirical investigation involving 300 students. Findings include: A significant, positive correlation was found between selfconcept and interpersonal relationships for males and females and for all three year groups involved. Significant, positive correlations were also found between: cognitive self-concept and relationships with lecturers; self-concepts of male students and relationships with parents; self-concepts of female students and relationships with lecturers. For all three year groups the relationships with lecturers contributed most to their self-concepts. For males, the emotional self-concept; and for females, the cognitive self-concept contributed significantly towards their interpersonal relationships. For first and second-year students, the social self-concept contributed most towards their interpersonal relationships; while for third-year students, the cognitive self-concept contributed significantly towards interpersonal relationships. / Psychology of Education / M. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

Much research has been done on the job satisfaction of secondary school teachers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The aim of this research was to investigate factors that influence the job satisfaction of these teachers. A literature review of theories on job satisfaction was undertaken. In the empirical investigation, a mixed-methods sequential explanatory design was used. In the quantitative phase, the data collection was done by means of a self-constructed structured questionnaire that focused on four work factors that were identified during the literature review, namely salary and benefits, management, work characteristics, and interpersonal relationships. The stratified, random sample consisted of 300 secondary school teachers in Addis Ababa. The data were statistically analysed using the Statistical package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) computer software programme, and the results were appropriately interpreted. In the second, namely the qualitative phase, interviews were conducted with a sample of 10 teachers who were purposefully selected from a larger sample. The data were analysed by using the constant comparative method. The results make a significant contribution to new knowledge and understanding of current issues relating to the job satisfaction of teachers in selected secondary schools in Addis Ababa. The results indicated that the teachers were significantly dissatisfied with most aspects of their work. Salary and benefits emerged as the primary dissatisfying aspect of all the work factors. Other areas of dissatisfaction related to poor fringe benefits and opportunities for promotion, the management style of the principals, the lack of decision-making opportunities for the teachers, as well as the opportunity to develop personally, and the poor relationships teachers have with the principals and the parents. The data also indicated that teachers who were 50 years and older, were significantly more satisfied with their work than the younger teachers. Accordingly, teachers with 21 years and more experience were also significantly more satisfied with their work than the less experienced teachers. In addition, all four of the identified factors were found to have statistically significant correlations with job satisfaction. Qualitative data confirmed the quantitative results. Finally, recommendations were made in order to enhance the job satisfaction of secondary school teachers in Addis Ababa, and for further research. / Psychology of Education / D. Ed. (Psychology of Education)

人際經驗是個體發展他人形象與環境評估的關鍵因素。大部分尋求長期心理治療的個案，其困擾多與過去負面的人際經驗所帶來的關係議題有關。若個體在成長過程經常遭受拒絕，會發展出「世界不能控制、別人不可預測、不可信任」的他人觀點。因此，本研究旨在探討長期心理治療歷程個案他人表徵的差異，以及心理師如何協助個案改變原有的他人表徵，並創造新的人際關係經驗。 本研究以質性研究方式進行，總共以六位長期心理治療取向為主的資深心理師作為研究對象，以一對一的方式，與每位受訪者進行一次深度訪談。訪談內容著重探討個案他人表徵的改變，以及個案過去的重要他人形象如何重現在治療關係中；並深入了解長期心理治療關係對於個案發展新的人際關係經驗之影響。本研究透過現象學方式進行訪談資料的分析，呈現長期深度心理治療對改變個案人際關係經驗之成效。本研究結果發現如下： 一、他人表徵 治療前的他人表徵是模糊、沒有彈性、單一、負面的，因而無法辨認心理師真實的形象。經過長期心理治療，個案對他人形象的詮釋逐漸清晰、具體、有彈性、且納入更多正向的觀點。 二、長期心理治療歷程 先個案會將自己慣用的人際互動帶入與心理師的治療關係中。接著個案感受到心理師溫暖、支持的回應。由於治療關係不同於過去的人際經驗，使個案重新經驗穩定、安全的人際關係，進而開始辨認並建立新的他人形象。最後個案將學到的新人際互動方式帶到其他關係中，發展更適應的人際關係。 三、心理師的角色與功能 為了建立穩固的治療同盟，心理師需維持穩定的態度、提供溫暖支持的環境、尊重個案的自主性。同時心理師也可幫助個案覺察、理解自身的狀態，建立更彈性的想法、協助個案願意信任心理師及冒險。 / Interpersonal experience is the key factor for people to develop other- representation and to evaluate the environment. Most issues of long-term psychotherapy clients’ come from past negative experiences about interpersonal relationship. If people were frequently rejected by others as they grew, it is much easier for them to develop the viewpoints of other that the world is uncontrollable, and that people are unpredictable and untrustworthy. Hence, the main purpose of this research was to explore the difference of other-representation during the long-term psychotherapy period, and how counselors help the clients to change their old other-representation, in order to create new interpersonal relationship experience. This study used semi-structured interviews to collect data from 6 counselors who primarily conducted long-term psychotherapy for clients. Each psychologist was interviewed once, one by one. All interviews lasted for about one and half hour. The contents of the interviews focused on the change of other-representation, the reappearance of clients’ important interpersonal patterns in counseling relationships, and the influences of long-term counseling relationships on clients’ developing new interpersonal relationship experience. After data collection, verbatim transcription of each interviews were analyzed in a phenomenological approach. The study aims to obtain the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy on the change of clients’ interpersonal relationship experience. The main findings of this study were as follows: 1. Other-representation The other-representation is indistinct, inflexible, single, and negative before long-term psychotherapy begins, and clients have difficulties to recognize the real image of counselor. After long-term psychotherapy, clients are able to interpret the image of others in a more distinct, specific and flexible way, and to include some positive view points in their other-representation. 2. Long-term psychotherapy process First, clients bring their habitual interpersonal interactive mode into counseling relationships. Second, they receive kind and supportive response from the counselor. Because of counseling relationship is different from their past interpersonal experience, clients re-experience a stable and, secure interpersonal relationship and start to recognize and establish a new image of other people. Third, clients learn new interpersonal interactive skill, and develop more suitable interpersonal relationship . 3. The role and function of a counselor In order to establish stable working alliance, counselors should keep stable attitude, provide a holding environment, and respect the autonomy of clients. At the same time, counselors also help clients to comprehend their predicament, expand their cognition with elasticity, and trust counselors.

"The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the social interaction and the social dynamics which existed in one section of the Men's quadrangle at North Texas State College, giving particular attention to the attraction and repulsion between roommates."--1.

The main subject of this Diploma Thesis is a description of psychological aspects of staying in foreign culture with focus on interpersonal and group processes and their influence and importance for the stay in foreign culture. Central theme of interpersonal relationships and social networks formation is discussed in terms of stay in foreign culture with regards to new forms of electronic communication and its characteristics. This Diploma Thesis focuses on social networks formation and its process and dynamics in electronic communication environment in contrast to real environment. Furthermore, it applies to interpersonal relationship changes, maintaining original far-distant relationships and formation new ones through electronic communication when being in foreign culture. Empirical part of thesis concerns a study of a degree of psychological and sociocultural adaptation with emphasis on electronic communication and its influence of interpersonal relationships and social networks when being abroad. Empirical part of thesis consists of quantitative data analysis. Data obtained from questionnaire, that was filled by international university degree students, who are just experiencing international study sojourn, were analyzed in terms of sociocultural and psychological adaptation. These two areas...

This work is dedicated to the psychology of work and organization in the elementary school environment and is focused on the relationships of the management of a school with its teachers. The motivation of teachers, the interpersonal relationships, trust and level of awareness become the central themes. At first, the theoretical part zooms in both, people and school management, and then continues to discuss the above mentioned themes. It deals with the theory of motivation and an analysis of concrete motives of teachers, their working group, mutual relationships at workplace and trust, as well as with behavior supporting the creation of trust, communication and consultancy as tools for reinforcing the level of subordinates' awareness. The objective of the emphirical part is to identify possible relationships between personality characteristics of a manager and the perception the teachers have about the working environment and the processes at their school.

Title: Influence of outdoor activities on interpersonal relationships in a peer group in the environment ofinstitutional care. Aim of the thesis: The aim of this work is to find out whether outdoor activities have an effect on relationships in the group of the youth who live in the conditions of institutional care. Research methodology: We have used the Sociometric questionnaire B3-U. In the experimental group there are 11 adolescents from the orphanege in Jablonec nad Nisou. In the control group there are 10 children and adolescents from the orphanege in Semily. Children's age ranged from 8 to 15. Results and conclusions: The results of the research showed that the most excluded person in the group found new relationship in the group. Results regarding the most exluded people in the group were very positive. After our intervention the least favorite person recieved about half less of the negative voices. In the group hierarchy the distance among members of the group grew smaller. Only results of feelings friendship and confidence in the group were after the intervention lower. That is suprising in relation to other results which were positive. Keywords: Outdoor activities, outdoor sports, institutional care, group dynamics, interpersonal relationships.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-07-21T11:38:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ednaldo Coelho Pereira.pdf: 2286977 bytes, checksum: 6932f02534e18febea2766113c8d1c65 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-21T11:38:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ednaldo Coelho Pereira.pdf: 2286977 bytes, checksum: 6932f02534e18febea2766113c8d1c65 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-20 / In 2001, the Amazonas State University created a model of education named In-Class System Mediated by Technological Resources. This system makes use of Digital Technologies of Information and Communication to broadcast its classes live through a television studio via satellite with an Internet channel dedicated to classrooms which are geographically distant. Therefore, a hybrid model was set up. This model combines the characteristics of in-class courses with Distance Education because as the classes are broadcast live, the presence of the student is necessary in the classroom at the same time as the classes are being broadcast. This fact goes against the concept of Distance Education, which advocates that this model of education must not determine the time and place for academic activities. Hence, Distance Education contains characteristics which are peculiar to both models, in-class and distance, when it comes to interactions and interpersonal relationships. Having considered that, the aim of this research is to analyze the processes of interaction and their influences in interpersonal relationships, as well as how influential they are in academic activities, in an environment where a course developed through a system of in-class education and mediated by technological resources is taking place. In order to conduct this research, a field study in two municipalities with different characteristics but in the same In-Class System Mediated by Technological Resources environment has been done. As a result, it has been noticed that the system itself has, since its conception, focused on using differentiated technological resources and it has been mostly concerned about meeting formalities such as classes broadcast, punctuality, meeting deadlines and teaching the whole program content. Moreover, the system presents some aspects to be considered when it comes to giving support to the assistant teachers. In some cases, they remain isolated in their municipalities, having to perform, besides their own functions, also that of a full teacher, when giving classes, and that of a coordinator, when solving problems of an administrative nature or forwarding whatever is necessary to solve them. That way, it has been noticed that the technological structure itself, as well as the administrative and operational organization, only partially meet the needs of the several individuals in aspects like communication and interaction. So, they end up affecting the construction and preservation of several likely relationships and, as a consequence, they influence the academic activities of the course which has been investigated / A Universidade do Estado do Amazonas – UEA no ano de 2001, criou um modelo de educação denominado de Sistema Presencial Mediado por Recursos Tecnológicos - SPMRT, que faz uso das Tecnologias Digitais de Informação e Comunicação – TDIC para transmissão de suas aulas em tempo real através de um estúdio de televisão via satélite com canal de internet dedicado para salas de aula distantes geograficamente. Portanto, configurou-se em um modelo híbrido que reúne as características dos cursos presenciais e da Educação a Distância - EaD ao mesmo tempo, porque, o fato de as aulas serem transmitidas em tempo real, requer a presença do aluno em sala de aula no mesmo horário da transmissão, o que vai de encontro ao conceito de EaD, que preconiza que a EaD não pode determinar tempo e lugar para as atividades acadêmicas. Logo, o modelo traz consigo, no que diz respeito à interação e as relações interpessoais, características peculiares aos dois modelos, presencial e EaD. Isto posto, o objetivo da pesquisa é analisar os processos de interação e suas influências nas relações interpessoais e de que modo elas influenciam nas atividades acadêmicas, na ambiência de um curso desenvolvido através de um sistema de educação presencial mediado por recursos tecnológicos. Para a realização da pesquisa foi feito um estudo de campo com dois cenários distintos (municípios com características diferentes) dentro da mesma ambiência do SPMRT. Como resultado da pesquisa, observou-se que o sistema por si só, traz desde sua concepção uma ênfase na utilização de recursos tecnológicos diferenciada, tendo suas preocupações voltadas ao cumprimento das formalidades como transmissão das aulas, cumprimento dos horários, prazos, e ministração de todo conteúdo programático. Além disso, o sistema apresenta alguns aspectos a serem considerados na prestação de suporte acadêmico aos professores assistentes. Estes, em alguns casos, ficam isolados em seus municípios, tendo que desempenhar, além de suas próprias funções, o papel de professores titulares, na ministração de aulas, e de coordenadores, na resolução de problemas de ordem administrativa e ou encaminhamentos necessários para tal. Desse modo, observou-se que a própria estrutura tecnológica bem como a organização administrativa e operacional atendem parcialmente as necessidades dos vários sujeitos nos quesitos comunicação e interação, prejudicando assim a construção e manutenção das várias relações possíveis e por consequência influenciam nas atividades acadêmicas do curso investigado

Background: Interpersonal conflict may have a significant impact in organizations since blue collar-workers can spend time and effort on other things then their main duties. This can lead to less profitability for the organizations, that is why this is something worth exploring. Previous studies shows that many factors work together to create interpersonal conflicts between blue collar-workers. The purpose of this study was to examine if interpersonal conflicts has any significant correlation with interpersonal relations, experienced supervisor support, well-being, age and years in the workplace and if there is any gender differences. Methodology: This study was implemented on 67 blue-collar workers (42 men and 25 women) from five different organizations in the south of Sweden. To examine the result this study used a survey. The survey had three demographic questions: gender, age and years in the workplace. Four validated questionnaires was used as instruments to measure if interpersonal conflicts had any correlation with the examined variables: Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale (ICAWS), Interpersonal Conflict in Organization Scale (ICOS), Social Support Scale (SSS) and Job-related Affective Well-Being Scale (JAWS) Result: The result showed that interpersonal conflicts had a significant correlation with interpersonal relationships, experienced supervisor support, well-being and years at workplace. The result showed that interpersonal conflicts had no significant correlation with age. The gender differences were further tested in the variables but did not find any statistically significant differences. Conclusion: The result of this study confirms that interpersonal conflicts correlates with interpersonal relations, experienced supervisor support, well-being and years in the workspace. / Bakgrund: Interpersonella konflikter kan ha stor betydelse för en organisation eftersom verksamma arbetstagare tid och prestation kan läggas på annat och ta fokus från deras huvudsakliga arbetsuppgifter. Detta kan i sin tur leda till lägre lönsamhet för organisationer och är därför intressant att undersöka. Tidigare studier har visat att det finns många faktorer som samspelar för att en interpersonell konflikt ska uppstå verksamma arbetstagare emellan. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka om interpersonella konflikter har ett samband med interpersonella relationer, upplevt ledarskapsstöd, välmående, ålder och år på arbetsplatsen samt om det finns en könsskillnad. Metod: Studien genomfördes på 67 verksamma arbetstagare (män 42 och kvinnor 25) från fem olika företag i en mindre stad i södra Sverige. Studien använde tre demografiska frågor: kön, ålder och år på arbetsplatsen. Fyra validerade test användes som mätinstrument för att undersöka om interpersonella konflikter hade ett samband med ovanstående faktorer, Interpersonal Conflict at Work Scale (ICAWS), Interpersonal Conflict in Organization Scale (ICOS), Social Support Scale (SSS) och Job-related Affective Well-Being Scale (JAWS). Resultat: Resultatet visade att interpersonella konflikter har ett statistiskt signifikant samband med interpersonella relationer, upplevt ledarskapsstöd, välmående och år på arbetsplatsen. Inget statistiskt signifikant samband hittades mellan interpersonella konflikter och ålder. Vidare testades ifall det fanns några könsskillnader inom de olika faktorerna, men inga statistiskt signifikanta könsskillnader hittades. Slutsats: Resultatet bekräftar att interpersonella konflikter har ett samband med interpersonella relationer, upplevt ledarskapsstöd, välmående och år på arbetsplatsen

How does the satisfaction (or the lack of satisfaction) of the innate need to have meaningful interpersonal relationships affects behavioural self-regulation? How does having/lacking interpersonal relatedness impact one’s perception of future interpersonal relationships? This doctoral dissertation aimed to answer these two fundamental questions by integrating the views of two complementary theories, need to belong theory (NBT; Baumeister & Leary, 1995) and self-determination theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000). Using a series of two laboratory experiments and one longitudinal study, this thesis examined the effects of social exclusion and inclusion on satisfaction of basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation, and self-regulation of behaviours. In Study 1 (N=72), social exclusion and inclusion were manipulated in order to examine their effects on the satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs proposed by SDT, that is the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness. Findings from this first experiment revealed that social exclusion decreases satisfaction of the three needs, whereas social inclusion increases satisfaction of these needs when compared to the control condition. Furthermore, significant differences were found between the exclusion condition and the inclusion condition for the reported levels of satisfaction of the needs for competence and relatedness. The effects of social exclusion and inclusion on basic needs satisfaction were further investigated in Study 2 (N=70); also, the second study examined how self-determined motivation and behavioural self-regulation are affected. More specifically, it tested whether participants’ persistence at a laboratory task, as well as their intentions for a future peer interaction (intentions to compete against a peer participant and intentions to collaborate with a peer participant) are influenced by social exclusion and inclusion, through the meditating effects of basic needs satisfaction and self-determined motivation. The results suggested that social exclusion, via the effects of basic needs and motivation decreases peer collaboration, whereas social inclusion was shown to have an opposite effect on peer collaboration. The effect of condition via the mediating effects of basic needs satisfaction and motivation failed to predict persistence at the task and peer competition. Lastly, Study 3 (N=624) assessed naturally occurring social exclusion and inclusion in a population of junior high school students. This third study investigated the independent contributions of SDT and NBT in the prediction of academic motivation and high school dropout. Peer relatedness, perceived needs support from parents, and perceived needs support from teachers were examined as potential predictors of academic motivation and high school dropout. Findings suggested that peer relatedness plays an important role in the prediction of academic motivation, but, that perceived needs support from parents and perceived needs support from teachers are stronger predictors of that outcome. Results from this study also revealed that peer relatedness contributes to the prediction of high school dropout, beyond what can be explained by academic motivation, perceived needs support from parents, and perceived needs support from teachers. However, perceived needs support from parents was shown to be the most essential predictor of high school dropout. In sum, findings from this doctoral dissertation suggested that social exclusion has detrimental effects on one’s motivation and behavioural self-regulation. In contrast, social inclusion fosters social support which promotes satisfaction of the basic psychological needs, self-determined motivation, and successful self-regulation. This doctoral thesis contributed to the application of SDT and NBT by comparing elements of the two complementary frameworks. It also offered an original contribution to research on social exclusion and inclusion by examining their impacts on self-determined motivation, and basic needs satisfaction, as well as testing them in both the laboratory setting and the natural setting.