There was the Financial Tsunami in 2008. It made many organizations to think about how to sustain business. Therefore, the IT(Information Technical) industries will be replace by Energy Technical industries. Organizations must face the new environment and rethink new business model, renew and change form organizations inside and outside. In organizations area, organizations will apply some behavior science method to change to affect the values, attitudes or behaviors of employees, then reach the purpose of organization potential development. For live and reach goal, organizations must adjust flexibly to suit outside environment. Meanwhile, to keep the inside be stable and avoid to disintegrating and deco by using change activities. Between the forces of suit and sustain, the topic of how to strongly to grow up for organizations is getting important. OD (Organization Development) certainly provide managers and members a series tools to reach goal. Especially managers in this moment must manage change. OD is a good choose for managing change. Organization greening will be the trend in the big environment. It is a important topic for organizations to manage change and make a good OD plan. The investigation via documents discussing and case study, visit seven organizations to talk, the finding as following: A. In OD strategies, the change agent and intervene technical variety can increase the purpose of OD. B. The technical industries need more different change agents and intervene skills then traditional industries due to their complex greening strategies. C. Set green vision or green mission and announce to public is a good idea to make green OD strategies process smoothly. They can make members to build green values and attitude then further to change their behaviors. D. Technical industries use committees to be change agent due to they have more complex greening scope then traditional industries. Technical industries focus the system oriented and culture oriented both. E. If OD strategies contain extend original products scope, using activities investigate technical is a good chooses. F. When designing intervene technical, having guided activities will have the best result for changing behaviors of members. G. It can help processing greening organizations if organizations have the base of CSR.

After the World War II, the production of motorcycle gradually shifted from America and Europe to eastern Asia, in which place Japan has been a core. Asiatic states such as Vietnam, Indonesia and Taiwan devoted themselves into this tide, and Mainland China was no exception. Motorcycle industry in Mainland China, mainly responding military demand, was firstly found in the 1950s. With the changing of economic-political structure, private-owned corporations, both local and foreign, joined as competitors of public-owned corporations, and the market opened its door toward ordinary consumers. As a result, the production and sale of motorcycle increased rapidly, and in the mid-1990s, Mainland China has become the largest producer and market in around the world. To response the rapid development of both industry and market, its government enacted ¡§Industrial Policy of Motor-vehicle¡¨ in 1994 and 2004, in the hope to lead this industry toward a proper way. On the other hand, a lot of local government, ignoring central government¡¦s positive attitude, enacted ¡§Banning-motorcycle¡¨ one after another, which has driven motorcycle industry into the very moment of live and death. This thesis, taking Mainland China¡¦s industrial policy as the subject, theoretically based on state-central theory, combining ¡§Industrial Life Cycle Model¡¨, comparing Vietnam, Indonesia, Taiwan and Japan, analyzes industrial policy¡¦s important role and influence in the development of motorcycle industry to emphasize its intervention on motorcycle industry and market, and various tones played by the central and local governments.

This thesis is an analysis based on the problem of defining a humanitarian intervention and argues when or not, it is appropriate to operate it. The interest lies in finding out whether the argument itself is justifiable,not whether the act of interference was justifiable. My hypothesis is that both private and international operatios misuse the definition "humanitarian interventions" as an excuse to trespass the laws of war. Behind the idea of protecting human rights, freedom and democracy, is the liberalist idea of all individuals being equal. The respect for their freedom and rights drives outside actors to intervene when crimes are comitted against them. I wished to discuss Nato's argument for "the Right to Intervene" in order to avoid ahumanitarian crises in Kosovo 1999. I intended to try the intellectual validity and reasoning behind their argument but it was more difficult than I'd expected. Because the sources to their statements were inconclusive, the conclusion turned out to be difficult to assess, though there is a vague idea of Nato's point of view being unreasonable in comparison to their actions.

While researchers have assessed the prevalence and health impact of bullying, there are still relatively few successful interventions and strategies implemented to reduce and prevent bullying. A particular promising area is to know more about students who may be willing to intervene in a bullying situation, which is the focus of this thesis. Using the data from the Georgia Student Health Survey II (GSHS 2006) (n=175,311) an empirical analyses of students who state that they are willing to intervene in a bullying situation, their demographic characteristics and psychosocial attributes will be examined. The survey administered to students across Georgia in grades 6th, 8th, 10th and 12th measured the number of students who reported being a bully-victim, bully or a victim of bullying, and their likelihood to engage in risky behaviors. The results demonstrated students who were white and were girls were most likely to intervene in bullying situations. Grade level was not significant when it involved intervening, but was an important marker for the co-occurrence of bully-victims. One compelling finding is that the bully subgroup was most likely to always intervene. School climate factors such as success in school, clear expectations and liking school were significant indicators of willingness to intervene. These findings assist researchers and schools to better understand the characteristics of students who are willing to intervene and school factors that may promote students likelihood of intervening. These findings may guide how bullying is addressed in Georgia schools, and underscore the importance of providing safe school climates.

The dissertation addresses liability borne by members of statutory bodies (directors) for damage caused to third parties (parties not involved in the relevant corporation) where the director commits a tort in discharge of his/her tasks for the corporation, as stipulated under the general provisions of tort law. The dissertation is structured into an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter outlines the foundations for the analysis of directors' liability for torts. In the second chapter, the author tackles the topic of liability that directors bear under civil law for any tortious acts they commit, concluding that directors are liable to compensate any damage caused by a tort committed by them while acting for the relevant corporation. The director's personal liability vis-à-vis the aggrieved party for any tort committed is not prejudiced by the fact that the director committed the tort while performing his/her tasks; this circumstance only means that the tort will be attributed to the legal person, which then is liable for the tort together with the director. The author primarily argues here that the principles governing legal representation are not applicable to torts committed by directors, and the legal consequences of the tort thus cannot be attributed solely to the legal person...

Robert Kane asserts that some decisions and actions which are made by an agent are undetermined. These undetermined decisions are what allow an agent to have free will and ultimate responsibility for her decisions and actions. Kane appeals to probabilistic causation in order to argue that these undetermined decisions are not arbitrary or random. I argue that Woodward’s interventionist approach to causation can be used by Kane to make his theory of free will more plausible by illustrating how the agent causes her decision. Woodward’s account can link an agent’s reasons with her decision, activity in her self-network with her decision, and can render undetermined decisions plural rational, plural voluntary, and plural voluntarily controlled.

My thesis is an attempt to examine and study the in-between spaces between buildings.With my design as a vehicle, taking an entire block of Blacksburg, I have tried to explore the idea by which one could offer a transitional moment between buildings. The in-between spaces provide an opportunity to intervene and choreograph a space which re-engages the dweller through repetitive distractions. The design combines residential spaces with commercial establishments creating a mixed use condition in a city block which in its density, constantly alternates between the public and private realms. The resultant spaces between the buildings are spaces which are a combination of the planned and the improvised, in a constant state of flux forming the "passing place". The spaces could create subtle interconnections which can be exploited and temporal experiences could be defined through architectural interpretation of transitional spaces.Mixing uses is one approach in architecture that assists in making lively thresholds. I project the idea of a deliberate hetrogeneity in architecture, where opposing objects are placed together as a part of a strategy to create complex and compelling buildings and their in-between spaces. / Master of Architecture

This essay investigated which professional group within the school is estimated to have the highest degree of theoretical knowledge and competence to intervene in mental illness among students. The study has also looked at which organizational conditions are important for identification and intervention and whether school staff believe that something is missing toachieve this. The study was done through a web survey and was answered by teachers and counselors working in elementary school. The survey contained open questions where the respondents' possible lack of routines and guidelines and support were requested. The central theoretical view was systems theory, which were used to interpret the material. The materialwas analyzed using cross-tabulations, t-tests and linear regression analyses. The results showed that more than double the number of counselors than teachers have further training inmental illness. Within theoretical knowledge, competence to intervene, routines and guidelines and support, counselors rate themselves higher than teachers. Teachers rate themselves lowest regarding theoretical knowledge and counselors answered “perceived support”. Both groups rate routines and guidelines the highest, but they also respond that it´s lacking. The result shows significant differences between the groups regarding theoretical knowledge and competence to intervene. Further education has a positive impact on perceived theoretical knowledge and competence to intervene. Transboundary work and a "whole school approach" are important for school social work, which will also be important to examine in further research. / Denna uppsats undersökte vilken yrkesgrupp inom skolan som skattar sig ha högst grad av teoretisk kunskap och kompetens att intervenera vid psykisk ohälsa bland elever. Studien har även sett till vilka organisatoriska förutsättningar som är viktiga vid identifiering och intervenering samt om skolpersonal anser att det saknas någonting för att uppnå detta. Studien genomfördes genom en webbenkät och besvarades av lärare yrkesverksamma inom årskurs F6 samt skolkuratorer yrkesverksamma inom årskurserna F-9. Enkäten innehöll öppna frågor där respondenternas eventuella avsaknad gällande rutiner och riktlinjer samt stöd efterfrågades. Den centrala teoretiska utgångspunkten var systemteori vilket användes för tolkning av materialet. Det insamlade materialet analyserades med hjälp av korstabeller, t-test och linjära regressionsanalyser. Resultatet visade att mer än dubbla antalet skolkuratorer än lärare har vidareutbildning kring psykisk ohälsa. Inom teoretisk kunskap, kompetens att intervenera, rutiner och riktlinjer samt stöd skattade sig skolkuratorerna högre än lärarna. Lärarna skattade sig lägst kring teoretisk kunskap och skolkuratorerna skattade sig lägst kring upplevt stöd på arbetsplatsen. Båda yrkesgrupperna skattade sig högst kring rutiner och riktlinjer men de svarade även att tydliga rutiner och riktlinjer saknas. Resultatet visade signifikanta skillnader mellan yrkeskategorierna avseende teoretisk kunskap samt kompetens att intervenera. Vidareutbildning har en positiv påverkan på den upplevda teoretiska kunskapen och kompetensen att intervenera. Ett professionsöverskridande arbete och ”whole school approach”är viktigt för det skolsociala arbetet vilket även blir viktigt att undersökas i vidare forskning.

In 1999, Texas Legislature mandated the Student Success Initiative to ensure all eighth grade students are on grade level in reading and mathematics. Although progress is evident, the achievement gap for English language learners remains. The purpose of this case study was to explore effective school practices that lead to closing the achievement gap. This qualitative study applies the two core functions of leadership for exercising influence and providing direction to answer the research question: How do the core functions of school leadership practices for implementing the Student Success Initiative requirements vary between English language learners and non-English language learners in high and low-performing middle schools? The comparison between the high-performing school and low-performing school brought forth key findings and identifies school practices for supporting secondary English language learners. The key findings for exercising influence on teachers were: 1) Effective school practices that influence teacher knowledge on how to identify students and their needs include: a) conducts a needs assessment.; b) analyze data; c) create differentiated ESL programs, d) place diverse groups of ELLs in differentiated ESL programs. 2) Effective school practices to influence teachers how to intervene include: a) accept teacher input and follow through on requests when planning interventions, b) target intervention needs; c) create differentiated interventions. 3) Effective school practices to influence teachers how to monitor include: a) analyze multiple types of data, b) measure student reading growth; c) measure student language proficiency, d) conduct walkthroughs to observe students. The key findings for providing direction to teachers established the following practices: 4) Effective school practices to provide direction to identify students and their needs include, a) develop and implement a school wide intervention plan, b) create a master schedule to implement differentiated ESL programs; c) model how to disaggregate data, d) develop and implement an individual plan for ELLs. 5) Effective school practices to provide direction to intervene include: a) assign ESL teacher to intervention groups, b) use data to drive intervention planning, c) measure growth in language and literacy, d) provide daily interventions, e) integrate language and literacy interventions in lessons. 6) Effective school practices to provide direction to teachers for monitoring include: a) measure growth of literacy and language development, b) triangulate multiple types of data, c) review intervention lessons during walkthroughs, e) provide daily interventions specific to student needs. / text

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