Made available in DSpace on 2016-08-03T12:29:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Diego Franco.pdf: 1192566 bytes, checksum: 154a0ae08db54c52e6292e9fa0292394 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-05-02 / Steven Johnson é uma referência de relevo na pesquisa brasileira sobre comunicação digital. Ainda assim, essa temática é abordada apenas de maneira tangencial na maior parte da sua produção bibliográfica: os livros de Johnson são, ao mesmo tempo, exemplos e defesas de um método de pesquisa e exposição que integra pensamento sistêmico e abordagem interdisciplinar ao qual ele chama long zoom e que tem a pretensão de trazer novos fatos sobre os fenômenos aos quais é aplicado. Essa dissertação, através de um estudo teórico, analisa os limites e as possibilidades do pensamento de Steven Johnson e de seu long zoom para a pesquisa científica em Comunicação Social. Por meio de uma revisão bibliográfica da obra do autor, cruzando-a com dados biográficos, é apresentada uma análise de conjunto do pensamento de Steven Johnson que o caracteriza como, fundamentalmente, um pensamento epistemológico. A partir disso, com uma breve revisão das principais miradas epistemológicas, da Grécia Antiga ao século XXI, são traçados os parentescos intelectuais do long zoom. Num terceiro momento, revisa-se as formas com que Johnson aplica o long zoom aos problemas da Comunicação Social, verificando-se uma tendência dominante a ressaltar as consequências sociais dos fluxos de informação permitidos pelos meios de comunicação TV e internet, sobretudo, mas também videogames numa aproximação com a Cibernética e, principalmente, um modelo mcluhaniano de análise da comunicação. Após esse trajeto, conclui-se que, a despeito das suas próprias pretensões, Johnson não apresenta novos fatos com o seu long zoom, mas novos pontos de vista e proposições teóricas que podem ou não vir a ser comprovadas pelo trabalho de cientistas.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-05-14T12:59:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 arquivototal.pdf: 3215575 bytes, checksum: 8de9cf3f200ed4dc0ee4d1b0b672ce4f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-08-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / The number of alkaloids containing the 1-substituted tetrahydroisoquinoline skeleton is extensive and impressive versatility of this pharmacological class arouses interest in experimental pharmacologists. Applying the consecrated Pictet-Spengler reaction of four phenyltetrahydroisoquinoline alkaloids was obtained, three of which are unpublished. Two of them obtained with excellent yield (93.45%) in one step. Starting from allylbenzene that initially passed through an isomerization followed by oxidation by applying the Limieux-Johnson reaction were obtained from two other alkaloids with an overall yield of 50%. In experimental models of acute inflammation, the 1-(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-7-methoxy-1,2,3,4,tetrahydroisoquinoline (MTHP) significantly reduced (p <0.05) cell migration into the abdominal cavity of mice and the release of pro-inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-1 and IL-6) in a dose one hundred thirty-eight times lower dosage than the dose of aspirin administered (200 mg/Kg).The MTHP causes hypotension in non-anesthetized normotensive rats, which can be attributed to the participation of endothelium-derived factors, including NO and metabolites COX. These data suggest that MTHP has anti-inflammatory and hypotensive effect related to different mechanisms, and further studies are needed to explore its potential. / O número de alcaloides que contém o esqueleto tetrahidroisoquinolínico 1-substituído é extenso e a impressionante versatilidade farmacológica desta classe desperta o interesse nos farmacologistas experimentais. Aplicando a consagrada reação de Pictet-Spengler obtivemos quatro alcaloides fenil tetrahidroisoquinolínicos dos quais três são inéditos. Dois deles obtidos com excelente rendimento (93,45%) em uma única etapa. Partindo-se de alilbenzenos que inicialmente passaram por uma isomerização seguida de oxidação via reação de Limieux-Johnson, foram obtidos os outros dois alcaloides com rendimento global de 50%. Em modelo experimental de inflamação aguda, a 1-(3-metoxi-4-hidroxifenil)-7-metoxi-1,2,3,4,-tetrahidroisoquinolina (MTHP) reduziu significativamente (p<0,05) a migração celular para a cavidade abdominal de camundongos bem como a liberação dos mediadores pró-inflamatórios (TNF-, IL-1 e IL-6) em uma dose cento e trinta e oito vezes menor que a dose de AAS administrada (200mg/Kg i.p.). MTHP provoca hipotensão em ratos normotensos não anestesiados, que pode ser atribuída à participação de derivados do endotélio, incluindo fatores de NO e metabolitos COX. Estes dados sugerem que MTHP tem efeitos anti-inflamatórios e hipotensores relacionados a diferentes mecanismos, e novos estudos são necessários para explorar seu potencial.

The Woodcock-Johnson 4th Edition Test Battery is the latest version of assessment battery which measures cognitive function in childhood and adulthood. This is a very large test battery and the adaptation of the Czech version of this method is in progress. However, some subtests are closely related to the language and cultural habits of a country. The aim of this diploma thesis is to examine selected verbal tests of the Woodcock-Johnson assessment battery in the Czech environment. Specifically if these subtests do not disadvantage children who are from other language environment than Czech. The theoretical part of the thesis speaks about the concept of bilingualism (definition, categorisation) and how bilingualism is reflected in the results of cognitive tests. It also introduces the theory of CHC, which was the basis for the creation of the Woodcock- Johnson assessment battery. It analyses verbal subtests of the Woodcock-Johnson test battery, fourth edition, in more details. The research study focuses on comparison of the results of two groups of children. The groups are divided according to the language environment from which the tested children come from: either Czech or Russian-Czech. The focus will be put onto (1) the extent to which the dissimilarities in the groups express cultural...

This diploma thesis aims to compare the results in the field of cognitive functions obtained by static and dynamic assessment of children with attachment disorder at preschool age. The ACFS-cz assessment battery was used for the dynamic assessment, specifically four subtests: Categorisation, Short-term auditory memory (Story Retelling), Short-term visual memory, Sequential Pattern Completion. The method of static assessment was Woodcock- Johnson IV COG, specifically four subtests: Visualization, Verbal Attention, Picture Recognition, Analysis-Synthesis. The research sample consisted of 16 preschool children (3 to 6 respectively 8 years) placed in institutional care. The results showed that there were no differences between the of the ACFS-cz pretest scores and the Woodcock-Johnson IV COG scores. While the comparison of the results of the ACFS-cz posttest with Woodcock- Johnson IV COG showed significant differences in the three examined areas (Categorisation, Short-term auditory memory, Short-term visual memory). The outcomes of the dynamic assessment lead to suitable interventions for the cognitive development of children in institutional care. Keywords ACFS, Woodcock-Johnson IV COG, cognitive functions, attachment disorder, preschool age.

Introduktion: Coronavirus är RNA-virus med ett lipidhölje som är täckt utav karaktäristiska spikprotein. De mest kända coronavirusvarianterna är SARS-CoV-1 som var aktiv mellan 2002-2004, MERS-CoV som har varit aktiv sedan 2012 och SARS-CoV-2 som har varit aktiv sedan 2019–tillsvidare. SARS-CoV-2 infektionen betecknades januari 30 2020 som en pandemi. Flera läkemedelsföretag har forcerat ??? till att framställa vaccin riktad mot SARS-CoV-2, “The United States Food and Drug Administration” (FDA) och “European Medicines Agency” (EMA) har nödgats att ge ut “Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) i hopp om att få kontroll på dess spridining. Syfte och mål: Syftet med arbetet är att undersöka säkerheten och effektiviteten hos de EMA-godkända vaccinerna riktade mot SARS-CoV-2. Metod: Studierna för vardera vaccin hittades och valdes ut genom World Health Organizations (WHO) “Draft landscape and tracker of COVID-19 candidate vaccines”. Totalt inkluderades åtta studier baserade på tio kliniska prövningar som undersökte säkerheten och effektiviteten hos de fyra ledande vaccinerna från Pfizer BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca och Johnson &amp; Johnson. Resultat: De fyra undersökta vaccinerna visade en god säkerhet utan grövre biverkningar. De vanligaste biverkningarna hos samtliga vaccin var lokal smärta, trötthet och huvudverk. Dessa biverkningar varade mellan en till två dagar efter vaccination och var till större del milda. Större skillnader kunde ses hos de olika vaccinernas effektivitet, Pfizer BioNTech och Modernas mRNA-vacciner visade på effektiviteter runt 95% medan AstraZeneca och Johnson &amp; Johnsons adenovirus-vektor-vacciner visade på effektiviteter runt 66-70%. Diskussion: Inga större skillnader i säkerhet kunde ses mellan de undersökta vaccinerna. AstraZeneca använde ett influensa vaccin istället för isoton vattenlösning till deras kontrollgrupper. Detta kan ha haft en påverkan på placebo och resultaten från deras prövningar. En tydlig skillnad i effektivitet kunde ses mellan de olika vaccintyperna, vilket har ett stort inflytande på hur lätt man kan inducera flockimmunitet hos en befolkning. Eftersom flockimmunitet har en stor roll i både att bromsa spridningen men även i att förebygga förekomsten av nya virus varianter så bör endast mRNA vacciner rekomenderas om möjligt. / Introduction: Coronaviruses are RNA viruses with a lipid envelope that is covered by characteristic spike protein. The most well-known coronaviruses are SARS-CoV-1 which were active between 2002-2004, MERS-CoV which is active since 2012 and SARS-CoV-2 which is active since 2019. SARS-CoV-2 was designated a pandemic January 30, 2020. Several pharmaceutical companies have been rushing to produce vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2, The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) have had to issue Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) in the hope of gaining control of its spread. Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the safety and efficacy of the EMA-approved vaccines targeting SARS-CoV-2. Method: The studies for each vaccine were found and selected through the World Health Organizations' (WHO) "Draft landscape and tracker of COVID-19 candidate vaccines". A total of eight studies were included based on ten clinical trials examining the safety and efficacy of the four leading vaccines from Pfizer BioNTech, Moderna, AstraZeneca and Johnson &amp; Johnson. Results: The four vaccines examined showed good safety without any serious side effects, the most common side effects with all vaccines were local pain, fatigue, and headache. These side effects lasted between one to two days after vaccination and were mostly mild. Larger differences could be seen in the efficacy of the different vaccines, with Pfizer BioNTech and Moderna's mRNA vaccines showing efficacies of around 95%. While AstraZeneca and Johnson &amp; Johnson's adenovirus vector vaccines showed efficacies of around 66-70%. Discussion: No major differences in safety could be seen between the vaccines examined. AstraZeneca used an influenza vaccine instead of isotonic aqueous solution for their control groups, this may have had an impact on placebo and thus the results of their trials. A clear difference in efficacy could be seen between the different types of vaccines. This has a great influence on how easily one could induce herd immunity to a population. Herd immunity plays a major role in both slowing the spread but also in preventing the occurrence of new virus variants, therefore mRNA vaccines should be recommended if possible.

Die vorliegende Arbeit hat ihre entstehungsgeschichtlichen Wurzeln in der öffentlichen und wissenschaftlichen Diskussion über die Risiken und Potentiale der Computernutzung. Hinzu kam neben der persönlichen Aufmerksamkeit für die metaphorische Zusammensetzung von Sprache auch die besondere Stellung dieser im Bezug auf die Computernutzung. Aus verschiedenen Perspektiven wurden diese Phänomene näher betrachtet. Dabei stehen neben der öffentlichen Diskussion und der fachlichen Auseinandersetzung nach einem forschungsmethodischen Einschub schließlich die männlichen Nutzer zwischen dem 20. und 30. Lebensjahr und ihre metaphorischen Konzepte von Computernutzung im Fokus der Auseinandersetzung. Den theoretischen Hintergrund bilden gestalttheoretische Betrachtungen, Studien über Lebenswelt und Alltag und symbolisch-interaktionistische Auffassungen. Ergänzend wurden theoretische Ausführungen zur Indentitäts- und Rollenentwicklung in Verbindung mit Aspekten geschlechtertypischen Verhaltens herangezogen. Das Vorgehen bei der Erhebung des Inteviewmaterials stützt sich auf die Empfehlungen von Witzel und Schorn zum problem- bzw. themenzentrierten Interview. Nach der Transkription wurden die Gespräche metaphernanalytisch ausgewertet. Die Methode basiert auf dem von Lakoff und Johnson geprägten Metaphernbegriff. In Bezug auf den theoretischen Hintergrund konnten Anknüpfungspunkte bzw. Überschneidungen skizziert werden, die eine Kombination sinnvoll erscheinen lassen. In der Interpretation der dargestellten metaphorischen Konzepte konnte gezeigt werden, dass dem Computer weit mehr Bedeutungen zugeschrieben werden als nur die einer mikroelektronischen Maschine, wenngleich deren Eigenschaften als Auslöser für diese Zuschreibungen zu betrachten sind.

Created 3/28/2006 by Johnson City GIS, this map provides a tour of historic places in Johnson City, Tennessee. Historic sites are listed on the right edge and are denoted by numbers which correspond to places on the map.Road names are listed on the map itself. Physical copy resides with Johnson City, Geographic Information Systems Division. Scale - 1" = 0.257260 miles / https://dc.etsu.edu/rare-maps/1054/thumbnail.jpg

The purpose of this study is to identify factors in the home literacy environment using the Stony Brook Family Reading Survey (SBFRS) in order to understand the extent to which these factors predict phonemic awareness and other basic reading skills, as assessed by selected subtests from the Woodcock-Johnson III (WJ III). The present study used archival data to examine the home literacy habits of a sample of parents and preschool children ages 3-5 years (range in months= 36-67) from a private and a public preschool with a combination of high- and low-income backgrounds and various ethnicities. Using exploratory factor analyses with 165 participants, three dimensions of family reading behavior were identified from the SBFRS including Home Reading Emphasis, Adult Responsibility, and Parental Academic Expectations. Each of the SBFRS rotated factors considered together in a stepwise multiple regression analysis contributed significantly over and above age to the prediction of phonological awareness as measured by the Phonemic Awareness 3 (PA3) Cluster from the WJ III. The best order of predictors for PA3 of the WJ III, with stepwise entry, included Factor 1: Home Reading Emphasis, Factor 3: Parental Academic Expectations, and Factor 2: Adult Responsibility. One of the SBFRS rotated factors, Factor 1: Home Reading Emphasis, considered in a stepwise multiple regression analysis using age as a covariate contributed significantly to the prediction of basic reading as measured by the Basic Reading Skills (BRS) Cluster of the WJ III [WJ III BRS=.38+.26(Factor1)]. Results demonstrate the importance of the aforementioned factors in relation to the prediction of emergent literacy. Future studies are needed to investigate parental expectations, adult responsibility for child outcomes, the impact of fathers, and the importance of dominant home language on the emergence of literacy. Revision of the SBFRS, in addition to studies that include a wider range of SES, racial/ethnic, and linguistic groups, would help to standardize the measure for future use.

This research involves an investigation of the construct validity of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-; Fourth Edition (WISC-IV) when compared to the Woodcock-Johnson III Tests of Cognitive Abilities (WJ III COG) to provide evidence for the utility of using the WISC-IV in assessing cognitive abilities according to the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory. The study was conducted using archival data consisting of 92 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 years and 16 years, 11 months referred for a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation at a university-affiliated assessment center. Data for all participants were collected following administration of a battery of measures as part of a neuropsychological evaluation, with tests administered in no particular order. The mean age of children was 9.82 years (SD= 2.81) with a mean grade level of 3.95 (SD= 2.63). Ten hypotheses were investigated specifically to examine the comparability of the general intellectual functioning scores for each battery among a sample of children with neuropsychiatric disorders, as well as to examine the convergent and discriminate validity of the WISC-IV index scores. The first hypothesis utilized a paired samplest&n-test and found that the WISC-IV Full Scale IQ score was significantly below that of the WJ III COG General Intellectual Ability-Extended score. For the remaining hypotheses, Pearson product-moment correlations revealed large correlations between the WISC-IV and WJ III COG convergent constructs of general intellectual functioning, comprehension-knowledge, fluid reasoning, working memory, and processing speed. For correlations between divergent constructs, the WISC-IV Verbal Comprehension Index and the WJ III COG Visual-Spatial Thinking (Gv) factor demonstrated a large correlation. Both the WISC-IV Processing Speed Index and Working Memory Index correlated moderately with the WJ III COGGvfactor, while the WISC-IV Perceptual Reasoning Index correlated moderately with the WJ III COG Auditory Processing factor. Fisher's r to Z transformation was used to assess for significant differences between the observed correlations and stipulated values determined. Results indicated that correlations between the global IQ, fluid reasoning, and short-term memory composite scores of the two measures were significantly greater than that found for the WISC-III and WJ III COG, while the relationship between the verbal ability and processing speed composite scores were consistent with past findings. Correlations between divergent constructs revealed a reliable pattern of significantly greater relationships than was found for research concerning the WISC-III and WJ III COG. Primarily, results of this study provided evidence that the substantive changes made to the WISC-IV have improved the ability to interpret the Full Scale IQ score as a measure of general intelligence similar to that obtained by the WJ III COG. However, the global IQ scores between the two measures cannot be assumed to be equivalent among children with neuropsychiatric disorders. Results also suggested that the WISC-IV appears to provide improved measurement of the CHC broad abilities of fluid reasoning (Gf) and short-term memory (Gsm). Correlations between divergent constructs provided evidence for relationships between cognitive abilities suggested to be significantly related to academic achievement. This study concluded that research findings for the WISC-III cannot be applied conclusively to the WISC-IV and that the substantive changes made to the WISC-IV have improved the ability to interpret the battery under the CHC framework. However, findings underscore the importance of examining performance across second-order factors that may contribute to differences in general intelligence, as well as remaining aware of differences in narrow ability constructs measured, task demands, or shared variance between subtests when making interpretations of test performance.

Existing studies of this topic have not made enough use of the British archives. Nor have they analysed the American domestic response to UDI in sufficient depth. The policies of successive American administrations as regards the Rhodesian problem can only be fully understood as part of Washington’s attitude to Britain, to Africa in general, and to southern Africa in particular. And, because the issue of white minority rule in Africa raised powerful emotions both in the African American community and among white opponents of civil rights, the Rhodesian crisis became a part of the politics of racial equality within the USA, playing a key role in the developing ideologies of these two communities. This thesis is based on research in both American and British archives and aims to show that the prevailing interpretation, especially of the policies of the Johnson Administration once Rhodesia had made its illegal declaration of independence in November 1965, is mistaken. Scholars have tended to take at face value the oft-repeated claim of US policy-makers that Rhodesia was a British problem, that they wished to be no more than helpful bystanders, supporting British efforts to see the downfall of the illegal regime and the creation of a government based on majority rule, and that when they did intervene, it was merely to urge the British to be firmer in their resolve to end the rebellion. The central contention of this thesis is that the officials shaping African policy in the Johnson Administration were intimately involved in the management of the crisis and that, far from resisting a solution that legitimised the white minority regime, they actively encouraged the British to settle with the illegal government.