This research intends to understand whether Kaohsiung is heading toward or away from being a livable city. Additionally, it also intends to show if the developments in the city conform to the expectations of the residents. Therefore, the analysis in this research is based on objective statistics and the resident¡¦s subjective perceptions. This research utilized Time Series analysis and questionnaires to conduct the research, and used importance-performance analysis as the analytical method. The questionnaires targeted the residents in Kaohsiung City who are over 20 years of age. The total samples are 330 with 254 valid samples. The questionnaires surveyed the level of livability of Kaohsiung judging from 5 aspects: the eco-environment, culture & education, economic development, urban living & service, and medical & social welfare, reflecting the difference between the importance and performance of each aspect. Below are the suggestions concluded from the results of the research, which pointed out the improvements needed for Kaohsiung and the items that can use less attention: 1. According to the time aptitude objective statistics, Kaohsiung has shown mostly positive growth on cultural education, especially on holding cultural events and replenishing books for the public libraries. However, the economy has shown negative growth, 2. Based on importance-performance analysis, out of 23 indications, 4 of them (17.38%) fell on keep-doing area, 4(17.38%) fell on excessive supply area, 6(26.1%) fell on lower-priority area, 9(39.14%) fell on improvement-focused area. 3. Combing the data gathered from the questionnaires and statistical analysis, the items require grave improvement are raising the wages of the residents, lowering unemployment rate, and resolving the problem of abuse to children and teenagers. From both the subjective and objective analysis, items that are overly supplied are the number of times of holding cultural events and replenishing books for the pubic libraries. Based on the results from the research, it is suggested that Kaohsiung put resource to economy and medical & social welfare, while decrease overly investing cultural education.

Kaohsiung harbor is the biggest one in Taiwan. Many previous researches revealed that the pollution of organotin was usually serious in harbors. TBT contained in the antifouling paint of vessels would release into the seawater and contaminate the harbor area. In this study, shrimps (Acetes intermedius) and water samples were collected from Xinbin wharf and the second port entrance in Kaohsiung harbor. After pretreatment, ethylated with sodium tetraethylborate and extracted by hexanes, contents of organotin compounds were analyzed by GC-FPD. The results showed that TBT and DBT were the predominant organotin species in Kaohsiung harbor. In seawater, the concentration of DBT ( 98-257 ng/L ) was higher than TBT ( 17-133 ng/L). In shrimps, the concentration of TBT ( 228-480 ng/g ) was higher than DBT ( 98-257 ng/g). The concentration of TBT in shrimps decreased with the increased wet weight. There was no significant variation for the organotin concentrations in the shrimp samples collected from the second port entrance during the period from September 2002 to May 2003. The bioconcentration factor (BCF) of TBT ranged between 6700-17900. The organotin concentrations in shrimps collected from Xinbin wharf also showed no significant variation from August 2002 to May 2003. The BCF values of TBT were between 2200-8300. The ability of shrimps to concentrate organotin compounds was between that of fishes and neogastropods. There were significant differences for the organotin concentrations in shrimps sampled from different sampling area. The shrimps sampled from Kaohsiung harbor were significantly higher in organotin concentration than Tungkang. According to the risk assessment, shrimps from Tungkang were much lower than the tolerable daily intake, however, the shrimps from Kaohsiung harbor were well beyond the dangerous level . In order to understand the toxicity of organotin compounds to the shrimps, experiments on acute toxicity test were conducted. The 72-h LC50 of TBT was 47£gg/L. After toxicity test, live shrimps which were exposed to organotin for 72 hours were assayed. The concentration of TBT in shrimps increased with the exposure concentrations. DBT which was the degradation product of TBT also showed the same trend. The 72-h LC50 of DBT was 225£gg/L. After toxicity test period, the concentration of DBT and its metabolite MBT in shrimps also increased with the increased exposure concentrations. The accumulation rate of the shrimps at 30£gg/L TBT was 17ng/g-h and the elimination rate was 8.8 ng/g-h. The accumulation rate of the shrimps at 100£gg/L DBT was 12 ng/g-h and the elimination rate was 4.2 ng/g-h.

The mangrove swamp, a woody plant community, grows in the coastal marsh and tidal zone in the tropical and subtropical zones. The general definition of the community means that mangrove swamps are composed of the landholding things which grow in the tropical and subtropical tidal zones. The strict definition refers that mangrove swamps are composed of arbors or shrubs which grow between the flood mark and average flood mark in the tropical coast. This research aims at studying the composition and distribution of mangroves in Kaohsiung and Pingdong County. The multiple-plot method was used in the study. There are 28 plots sampled. Based on the environmental situation, the samples consisted 10 to 177 small plots which are 1x1 square meter in size. In each plot, the trees which have DBH over 1 centimeter are all measured. Their heights are estimated and recorded. Estimation of tree number in each area, density, and average DBH was made. Five species of mangrove trees are found. They are¡G Kandelia obovata Sheue, Liu¡®Yong, Rhizophora stylosa Griff ( Rhizophoraceae ), Avicennia marina (Forsk .) Vierh ( Verbenaceae ), Lumnitzera racemosa Willd ( Combretaceae ) and Excoecaria agallocha L ( Euphorbiaceae). Bruguiera gymnorhiza and Ceriops tagal in the early research have been disappeared. There are 125 woody and herbaceous species in the mangroves which belong to 36 families and 100 genera. The mangroves mainly grow in the conservation area in the river mouths of Kaohsiung and Pingdong Country. The remaining mangroves are scattered in the areas. The mangroves were previously flourished in Kaohsiung Harbor in the south of Taiwan, but, now,there are only 12 individuals of Avicennia marina and a single tree of Lumnitzera racemosa growing in the east of Qijin. The mangroves comprise mainly Avicennia marina. The southernmost distributional area of the species is Xinlong Village in Fanglian. A few individuals of Rhizophora stylosa grow near the mouth of the Houchin stream . Many individuals of Excoecaria agallocha are found near Dapengwan of Pingdong and some of them form pure stands along streams near coastal area. The curve of diameter and structural analyses of Avicennia stands is bell shape, which is possibly the results of human affection. Because of the development in the coast in past decades, mangroves have become decreased, and will be probably disappeared in the future, if they are not protected intensively.

A Study of Current Operation of Resource Rooms of Public Elementary Schools in Kaohsiung Abstract The aim of this study is to explore the achievement of current operation of resource rooms of public elementary schools in Kaohsiung city, and the impact of education reform by Ministry of Education in Taiwan on resource rooms. A total of 20 teachers from unclassified resource rooms in 20 schools respectively were interviewed through six types of unsturctrued questions. The results of interview indicate 1) a majority of these 20 teachers are females under 40 with bachelor degrees, who were either graduated from departments of special education in Teachers¡¦ College or had received non degree programs of special education, 2) methods or the courses adopted for those who need special education were basically supportive with 4-6 hours a week of regular extra-course in resource rooms. Final grades of students¡¦ performance were a compromise among teachers of both general classrooms and resource rooms, 3) improvement of students¡¦ learning and behavior is the advantage of the resource rooms, while the possible labeling effect is the disadvantage, 4) difficulties or limitations lie in the enrollment of unclassified handicap students and in the extra work load on the teachers of recourse rooms, 5) promotion of resource rooms is based on suggestions from students¡¦ parents, teachers, as well as guidelines of education reform by Ministry of Education in Taiwan, and 6) teachers of resource rooms believed that education reform careated more impact on the learning of resource room students in general classes than on course operation in resource rooms. Key words: Resource room of public elementary school, Kaohsiung city

Twenty-two sediment samples were collected from Kaohsiung Harbour, and it¡¦s neighboring coastal area, Taiwan and analysed for a suite of n-C10-C35 aliphatic hydrocarbons and fifteen polycycilc aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The average total concentration of n-alkanes was 4.327 £gg/g dry wt. (0.461-22.601 £gg/g dry wt.) and PAHs was 0.588 £gg/g dry wt. (0.088-1.75 £gg/g dry wt.). The highest n-alkanes and PAHs concentrations were recorded in samples from D and A stations in Kaohsiung Harbour ; stations D and A are near the outlets of Chyan-Jenn and Jen-Ai rivers, respectively. The sources of n-alkanes are probably contributed form origins of petrogenic, biogenic and higher plants according to the value of CPI (carbon preference index), chromatogram of UCM (unresolved complex materials), and n-C16 ratio etc.; while PAHs were contributed mainly from combustion in coastal areas and petrogenic in harbour areas based on the ratios of total combustion and LMW/HMW ratios. Overall, sediment concentrations of n-alkanes and PAHs in Kaohsiung coastal area were similar to literature in the world. The potential for biological effects due to PAHs is found to be low based as their individual PAHs concentrations are in general lower than effects most existed sediment quality guidelines, except Acenaphthaene, Anthracene, Benzo[a]anthracene, and Fluorene.

As a distinctive type of investment, BOT indicates distinct attraction in many aspects. The government adopts BOT¡]Build-Operate-Transfer¡^format to reprieve financial stress, to attract folk enterprise to join grand-scale public construction projects, to infuse the operation of the government department with the spirit of enterprise, to expect efficient build and operation of grand-scale public construction projects, to make bigger economic efficiency and profit for the country. There are some characteristics for BOT, inclusive of long-term build eviction, unreversibility of investment, huge amount of investment, uncontrollable risks on scheme, build and operation, and the privilege for the enterprise. In theory, BOT format can reduce the financial stress and human-resource expense of the public department, raise the economic efficiency on management and disperse the investment risks of the government. Complete experiences are lacking from the operation of development project, bank financing to risk assessment and management because of the enforcement of public construction projects through the BOT format in Taiwan is still in the beginning. This thesis mainly examined Kaohsiung MRT Project, and analyzed foreign successful or discussible cases to explore why the enforcement of BOT format in Taiwan was difficulty, and severely criticized. The purpose of this thesis is to identify the various issues of BOT format by interviewing with the industrial advanced, official advanced and scholar to examine the BOT spirits is implemented or twisted, and hope the government¡¦s development project in the further can be practically benefited by this research. Keywords¡GBOT, Kaohsiung MRT, Analytic Hierarchy Process

According to the ¡§Teacher Law¡¨ announced by the president on August 9, 1995, the teachers in Taiwan can establish the organizations of the teachers. It is a common, caring issue for educational administration, teacher groups and social elites to regulate a proper ¡§Teacher Law¡¨ and force the Legislative Yuan to enhance it to the actual law level. When establishing the new law, we should identify the teacher groups with the complete three rights: unite, negotiation, and strike to protect the basic rights of the teachers. It has been ten years since the Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association( KCTA). Its organization, procedure, and supervision are superficially going well and smoothly. There is still a lot of space for the staff of the KCTA to make ¡§the law of the KCTA¡¨ become better by investigating it through the five structures of the administrative law in detail. This thesis adopts ¡§Qualitative research method¡¨ and make use of three study methods: literature review, interview and observation to gather, generalize, and analyze all the data to proceed writing. This thesis ¡§The law of the Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association¡¨ apply the administrative law and take the five basic theories: administrative principle, administrative organization, administrative limit, administrative assist and administrative supervision as its outline. There are seven chapters and the summary of each chapter is as follows: Chapter 1 Introduction¡XIt contains the motive, objective of the research, research scope and limits, research frame and methods, relevant phrases explanation, and literature review. Chapter 2 Basic Principles of The Law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association¡XIt simply discusses the background, internationalism, spirit of law and order, and participation of person concerned. Chapter 3 Administrative Organizations of The Law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association¡XIt explains basic concepts of administrative organizations, administrative frame of the law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association, personal system, funds and relative questions. Chapter 4 Administrative Limits of The Law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Assocoation¡XIt introduces administrative investigation, administrative plan, administrative legislation, administrative disciplinary action, administrative contract, administrative guidance, assured means of obligation performance and instance enforcement. Chapter 5 Relief and Aftercare of The Law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association¡XIt describes the meaning, types of administrative relief of the Law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association, petition, appeal, administrative lawsuit, national compensation, constitution interpretation, and plebiscite. Chapter 6 Supervision and Evaluation of The Law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association¡XIt introduces the outline of the administrative supervision, internal and external supervision mechanism of the law of Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association. Chapter 7 Conclusion and Suggestion¡X It combines the statement of the five frames of the administrative law to offer actual methods and suggestions for the development of the Kaohsiung County Teacher¡¦s Association.

As the climate change and global warming getting worse, the sustainable development has become the most important issue around the world. There are multiple and interrelated aspects of the sustainable development, including society, economy, and environment. The development of Kaohsiung¡¦s economy was based on heavy industry. However, the high economic growth has severely degraded the environment, such as the environmental capacities have been over the limits due to human pollution. Fortunately, Kaohsiung city government has strived hard to make progress toward sustainable development. For example, the environmental quality has been improved by conducting river renovations and air pollution monitoring. In order to achieve the goal of sustainability in Kaohsiung, the current study has developed the goal programming model which is based on the performances of some key indicators. Such indicator set was carefully selected by referring many domestic and foreign literatures. Meanwhile, the unique natural environment and society of Kaohsiung and statistic data were also considered when selecting the indicator set. Once the indicator set was ready, the regression analysis has been conducted to describe the future trends of each aspect in relation to the indicators. Finally the goal programming model was formulated and the scenario analyses were performed to explore the outcomes under various policies. The results echo the spirit of sustainable development, that is, the administrative policies have to take into account of all aspects, such that the sustainability is achievable.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent, ubiquitous, and toxic organic contaminants in coastal sediments. Being hydrophobic in water column, PAHs and PCBs tend to sorb rapidly on particles and eventually accumulate in sediments. Re-suspension of fine or low-density particles from the surface sediment would lead to release of the pollutants bound in sediment particles into water column. This study was to evaluate the potential of remobilization of sediment-bound pollutants into harbor water column by measuring the concentrations and compositions of PAHs and PCBs in different particle size (size fraction: 1000, 500, 250, 125 and 63 £gm) and the different density fractions (density: > 2.15, < 2.15 g/cm3) in the Kaohsiung Harbor area. The total PAH concentrations obtained from the sediments of Kaohsiung sub-channel (KH1) is higher than those of Shang-Zhu-Li fishing ferry (KH2), but it presents the opposite situation in total PCB concentrations. Total PAH concentrations are 3400 and 1700 (ng/g dw) and total PCB concentrations are 103 and 141 (ng/g dw) at sites of KH1 and KH2. PAH and PCB concentrations in the low-density fraction sediment made up more than 91% and 87% of the total concentration of the bulk sediment, respectively; while low-density fraction sediment made up only 4.3 to 7.7% of the bulk sediment in dry weight. According to the chemical fingerprinting, PAH source of Kaohsiung sub-channel (KH1) is from pyrogenic which might be from the diesel oil burning of shipping activities and containerized traffic. But the PAH sources in Shang-Zhu-Li fishing ferry (KH2) were from the combustion of coal and petroleum, which is possibly from iron and steel plant and the power plant nearby. The Toxic equivalents (TEQ) of dioxin-like PCBs in low and high-density fraction sediments were ranged from 1.1-7.6 pg-TEQ/g and 8.9-1500 pg-TEQ/g, respectively. Based on the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), only few PAH concentrations in the high-density fraction sediments were higher than the TEL value, while most of PAH concentrations in the low-density fraction sediments ranged between ERL and ERM values. This suggests the low-density sediment particles possessed higher potential of adverse effects to organisms in the aquatic environment.

Just like Eurotunnel link England & France, by the time Taiwan high speed rail arrive at Kaohsiung and Taipei , the passengers and people at platform welcoming the train, both feel exciting of this tremendous improvement of Taiwan. Taiwan have two highways and a railway for connecting Kaohsiung and Taipei despite many roads that have constructed long before. Even there also has plane to catch if you need time. Therefore, Taiwan high speed rail is a high-tech spine for new era of Taiwan. The distance between Taipei and Kaohsiung is merely 300 kilometer . Unfortunately Southern Taiwan and Kaohsiung didn¡¦t get sources from government fairly the old days. Now through this high ¡Vtech spine Kaohsiung and southern Taiwan can step forward proudly embracing future. Southern Taiwan had Kaohsiung Export Processing Zone and many industrial zones by local government , are not enough for use. Recently Southern Taiwan Science Park and Kaohsiung Software Park and Pingtung Agricultural Biotechnology Park all are built to meet future need. Enterprise can run business in these parks at lower cost than Northern Taiwan. Also , there are many solutions offer by government to help company and enterprise to improve and move in southern Taiwan. This study interview southern Taiwan companies and enterprises. From their point of view to see Taiwan high Speed Rail this modern technologic transportation create new opportunities for southern Taiwan. And bring lesson and suggestion for the future.