Syftet med rapporten var att beskriva varför idrottsföreningar inte internutbildar sina ledare. Vidare syftade rapporten till att analysera vilka faktorer i det befintliga samarbetet mellan idrottsföreningarna och SISU idrottsutbildarna som gjorde att samarbetet fortsatte samt att analysera vilka avgörande faktorer som gjorde att idrottsföreningarna avstod från ett samarbete med dem. I resultatet visade det sig att några av föreningarna inte hade tillräcklig kunskap om vad SISU idrottsutbildarnas arbete gick ut på, andra faktorer såsom avstånd till utbildningar, ovilja från ledarnas sida, glömska och ett bristande engagemang från SISU idrottsutbildarnas sida, var avgörande då föreningarna avstod från ett samarbete med dem. De som har eller har haft ett samarbete med organisationen tycker att den personliga kontakten är viktig för att samarbetet skall fortsätta. Fördelarna med samarbetet har varit de resurspengar som klubben tillgår via lärcirklarna. Vidare är den vetenskapliga kunskap som ledare och adepter kan tillgå i form av kurser, föreläsningar, lärcirklar, böcker och andra arrangemang inom SISU idrottsutbildarna oerhört uppskattad. / Lade upp denna uppsatsen en ganska lång tid efter opponeringen så jag kommer inte ihåg vilket datum och kunde inte hitta det nu heller.

Mémoire (M.Ps.) -- Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 2003. / La p. de t. porte en outre: Mémoire présenté à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi comme exigence partielle de la maîtrise en psychologie offerte à l'Université du Québec à Chicoutimi en vertu d'un protocole d'entente avec l'Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières. Bibliogr.: f. [127]-137.

abstract: Bullying impacts as many as one in three children (or more in some studies). The impact of bullying on children is similar to other forms of abuse like sexual abuse or physical abuse, far-reaching and potentially long term. The impact isn't solely on the child who is being bullied, it also impacts the child who is doing the bullying. It may have short and long term consequences as well. Martial arts has often been suggested to reduce bullying behaviors (and sometimes suggested as increasing bullying behaviors) but there has been limited research on this level of violence between kids and martial arts as an intervention. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of martial arts (in particular the Karate for KidsTM program) on bullying behaviors. 223 children were given a standardized questionnaire (the Olweus Bullying Questionnaire) and their parents/guardians were given a short parent survey to measure bullying behaviors in beginner, intermediate and advanced martial arts students. Results showed significant differences between the groups and indicated a reduction in the incidence of children being bullied and a strong indication in a reduction in the child's tendency to bully others after extended martial arts training. These findings suggest that parents, guardians or other child professionals who are interested in reducing bullying behaviors should consider martial arts classes for children. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Curriculum and Instruction 2012

I ABSTRACT Title: Kinesiological analysis of upper limb punch strike in sports karate. Aim of work: The aim of this thesis to describe and characterize the muscle involement in direct punch strike in karate. Then compared with the exercises, which are characteristic to karate - strikes with resistence and push-up exercise. Methods: Work is processed by a comparative analysis of selected movements based on the determination of muscle activation. The surface electromyography method synchronized with video and accelerometer was used in this work. Results: The result is describtion of selcted movements on the basis of muscle activation and function of selected muscles. The prove that the forearm extensors are activated as the last of the selcted muscles was managed. On the basis of karate technique and anatomy we confirmed important role of forearm extensor by direct punch in karate. The difference between onset time muscle activation by strikes and push up was found. Maximum speed of acral part of the upper limb by direct punch was established. Keywords: Electromyography (EMG), karate, direct punch - gyakucuki, accelrometer

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:06:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Luciana Ferreira.pdf: 1271227 bytes, checksum: bf632a34ecbabc7859d9f2515a2c5c33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-06-05 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This study aimed to analyze the kinematic parameters during the execution of the back kick in Karate. Twelve athletes attended adults karate, male, high-yield, black belts for at least five years, affiliated to Martial Arts Association Shubu-Do. Samples were collected at Instrumentation Laboratory, CEFID-UDESC using instruments: instrumented target, contact carpet and a system of central inertial MVN Studio. To verify the normality of the data, we used the Shapiro Wilk. Proven normality we used descriptive statistics: mean, standard deviation and coefficient of variation (CV%) to describe the anthropometric variables, kinetics and kinematics. To determine the contribution of kinematic variables on the performance of the kick we used simple linear regression. The confidence level adopted in all cases was 95%. The results showed that: the athletes present values of height, leg length and body mass close to the average found in the literature. The average value of momentum was 78.06±19.84N.s and for momentum normalized by the mass of athletes the mean value was 0.98±0.18N.s.kg-1, compared to the total execution time turning the kick back found an average 0.32±0.03s, to the foot speed (m/s) during execution of the turning effort has been found dorsal an average of 10.72±1.21 m/s for the velocity of the foot at the moment of impact was observed an average of 4.13±1.44 m/s; minimum values of the angles of the knee joint during the execution of the kick were 55.214.11°, when the average impact angle of the knee joint was 79.0812.05°, relative amplitude of the knee joint was found an average 21.965.90°, of with respect to the contributions of the kinematic variables on the performance of the kick back spin, it was found that: the amplitude of the knee joint from the minimum angle has a strong correlation with the impetus to examine the individual athletes, and a moderate correlation to analyze all the athletes in sets (adjusted R2 = 0.682). Regarding the runtime kick all athletes found a moderate correlation (adjusted R2 = 120.658) with the lowest angle of the knee joint, however when analyzing the individual athletes found a strong correlation in all cases. In conclusion, the variables more related with the performance of the kick turning back were the highest amplitude of the knee joint as it relates to the impulse, and the smallest angle of the knee joint when checked the relationship with the runtime. So for better performance of the kick, the athlete should emphasize the sequential pattern of movement, rotating the trunk and hip, flexing the knee joint and ending with greater knee extension toward the target. / Este estudo objetivou analisar os parâmetros cinemáticos durante a execução do chute giro dorsal no Karatê. Participaram doze atletas adultos de karatê, sexo masculino, de alto rendimento, faixa preta há pelo menos cinco anos, filiados a Associação de Artes Marciais Shubu-Dô. As coletas foram realizadas no Laboratório de Instrumentação, CEFID-UDESC, utilizando os instrumentos: alvo instrumentado, tapete de contato e um sistema de centrais inerciais MVN Studio. Para verificar a normalidade dos dados, utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro Wilk. Comprovada a normalidade utilizou-se a estatística descritiva: média, desvio padrão e o coeficiente de variação (CV%) para descrever as variáveis antropométricas, cinética e cinemáticas. Para determinar a contribuição das variáveis cinemáticas sobre o desempenho do chute utilizou-se regressão linear simples. O nível de confiabilidade adotado em todos os casos foi de 95%. Os resultados evidenciaram que: os atletas apresentam valores de estatura, comprimento de membro inferior e massa corporal próximos à média encontrada na literatura. O valor médio obtido de impulso foi de 78,06±19,84N.s e para o impulso normalizado pela massa dos atletas o valor médio encontrado foi de 0,98±0,18 N.s.kg-1; em relação ao tempo de execução total do chute giro dorsal foi encontrado uma média 0,32±0,03s; para a velocidade máxima do pé (m/s) durante a execução do chute giro dorsal foi encontrado uma média de 10,72±1,21m/s, para a velocidade do pé no instante do impacto foi verificado uma média de 4,13±1,44m/s; os valores dos ângulos mínimos da articulação do joelho durante a execução do chute foram de 55,2714,11°; no momento do impacto a média do ângulo da articulação do joelho foi de 79,0812,05°; em relação a amplitude da articulação do joelho foi encontrado uma média de 21,965,90°. No que diz respeito às contribuições das variáveis cinemáticas sobre o desempenho do chute giro dorsal, verificou-se que: a amplitude da articulação do joelho a partir do ângulo mínimo tem uma forte correlação com o impulso ao analisar os atletas individualmente, e uma moderada correlação ao analisar todos os atletas em conjuntos (R2 ajustado = 0,682). Em relação ao tempo de execução do chute de todos os atletas encontrou-se uma moderada correlação (R2 ajustado=0,658) com o menor ângulo da articulação do joelho, entretanto ao analisar os atletas individualmente foi encontrada uma forte correlação em todos os casos. Concluindo, as variáveis com maior relação com o desempenho do chute giro dorsal foram a maior amplitude da articulação do joelho quando relacionado com o impulso, e o menor ângulo da articulação do joelho quando verificada a relação com o tempo de execução. Portanto para um melhor desempenho do chute, o atleta deverá enfatizar o padrão seqüencial de movimento, girando o tronco e quadril, flexionando a articulação do joelho e finalizando com uma maior extensão do joelho em direção ao alvo.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T15:59:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO ANA CLAUDIA VIEIRA MARTINS 2013.pdf: 6774082 bytes, checksum: b0be86a723f732860dc6bab0e099073f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this study we evaluated the first kinematic sequence jion kata karate Shotokan style and contributions of technical profile and kinematic variables on the performance of athletes kata. A total of 10 athletes kata, female bands purple, brown and black, have participated in at least one state competition. This study involved the simulation of a kata competition, where the judges evaluated and rated the performance of athletes in the execution of the first sequence of jion kata. Were made the acquisition of data using a reference file, and kinematics system with central inertial Xsens MVN Studio. We analyzed the technical profile of athletes (undergraduate, workout time, frequency of weekly training, level of competitions which he participated, and ranking state) and the kinematic variables maximum angular velocity, angle of elbow extension in finalizing the technical and timing techniques zenkutsu dachi, shuto age uke (high defense arm with an open hand) age uke (high defense arm with a closed fist) and guiaku-zuki (straight punch). To characterize the technical profile of the athletes performance in kata and kinematic variables, we adopted descriptive statistics, for comparisons between lanes, one-way ANOVA. To compare kinematic variables between the two groups according to performance on the first sequence of jion kata (Group 1: 1st to 5th position, and Group 2: 6 th to 10 th position), was adopted the Student t test (unpaired). To determine the contributions of variables: a) technical profile of athletes on performance in kata b) technical profile on kinematic variables c) kinematic variables on performance in the kata, we adopted multiple linear regression - Stepwise. The confidence interval in all cases was 95% (p <0.05). The results showed that: a) the kata athletes have technical profile consistent with good results in competitions played by them, b) the athletes achieved a good performance in the execution of the first sequence of the second kata jion assessed by the referees, c) the athletes Group 1 were the fastest techniques shuto age uke, age uke and gyaku-zuki and performed better on the angle of elbow extension techniques shuto age uke and gyaku-zuki. The technique was the fastest shuto age uke d) the athletes had good timing, concurrency and fluency in closing the execution of the movements of the upper and lower e) positive correlation between performance in the kata with the technical profile of athletes, and between the technical profile and kinematic variables; f) There was moderate positive influence on performance technical profile, and very strong on kinematic variables. The technical background had a strong negative influence on the time intervals between techniques. We conclude that the athletes catarinense team perform well in the execution of kata, reaching a plateau in these circumstances kinematic variables techniques. One can point the technical profile and the time intervals between techniques as indicators of performance in kata. / Neste estudo avaliou-se características cinemáticas da primeira sequência do jion kata do karatê estilo Shotokan e as contribuições do perfil técnico e das variáveis cinemáticas sobre o desempenho das atletas de kata. Participaram 10 kataístas, sexo feminino, faixas roxa, marrom e preta, tenham participado de pelo menos uma competição estadual. Este estudo consistiu na simulação de uma competição de kata, onde os árbitros avaliaram e classificaram o desempenho das atletas na execução da primeira sequência do jion kata. Foram feitas a aquisição dos dados utilizando-se uma ficha cadastral, e sistema de cinemetria com centrais inerciais Xsens MVN Studio. Analisou-se o perfil técnico das atletas (graduação, tempo de treino, freqüência de treino semanal, nível das competições que participou, e posição no ranking estadual) e as variáveis cinemáticas velocidade angular máxima, ângulo de extensão do cotovelo na finalização das técnicas e sincronismo nas técnicas zenkutsu dachi (base), shuto age uke (defesa de braço alta com a mão aberta) age uke (defesa de braço alta com a mão fechada) e guiaku-zuki (soco direto). Para caracterizar o perfil técnico das atletas, o desempenho no kata e as variáveis cinemáticas, adotou-se estatística descritiva; para as comparações entre faixas, ANOVA one way. Para comparar as variáveis cinemáticas, entre os dois grupos conforme o desempenho na execução da primeira sequência do jion kata (Grupo 1: 1ª a 5ª posição, e Grupo 2: 6ª a 10ª posição), adotou-se o teste t Student (não pareado). Para determinar as contribuições das variáveis: a) perfil técnico das atletas sobre o desempenho no kata; b) perfil técnico sobre as variáveis cinemáticas; c) variáveis cinemáticas sobre o desempenho no kata, adotou-se regressão linear múltipla - Stepwise. O intervalo de confiança adotado em todos os casos foi de 95% (p<0,05). Os resultados evidenciaram que: a) as atletas de kata apresentam perfil técnico condizente com o bom resultado desempenhado por elas nas competições; b) as atletas obtiveram um bom desempenho na execução da primeira sequência do jion kata segundo avaliado pelos árbitros; c) as atletas do Grupo 1 foram as mais rápidas nas técnicas shuto age uke, age uke e gyaku-zuki e apresentaram melhor desempenho no ângulo de extensão do cotovelo nas técnicas shuto age uke e gyaku-zuki. A técnica mais rápida foi a shuto age uke; d) as atletas apresentaram bom sincronismo, fluência e simultaneidade no fechamento da execução dos movimentos do membro superior e inferior; e) houve correlação positiva entre o desempenho no kata com o perfil técnico das atletas, e entre o perfil técnico e variáveis cinemáticas; f) Houve influência positiva moderada do perfil técnico sobre o desempenho, e muito forte sobre variáveis cinemáticas. O perfil técnico exerceu forte influência negativa sobre os intervalos de tempo entre técnicas. Conclui-se que as atletas da equipe catarinense apresentam bom desempenho na execução do kata, atingindo nestas condições um platô nas variáveis cinemáticas das técnicas. Pode-se apontar o perfil técnico e os intervalos de tempo entre técnicas como indicadores do desempenho no kata.

O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a aptidão física relacionada à saúde e a qualidade de vida de praticantes de lutas, artes marciais e modalidades de combate da cidade de São Paulo. Foram avaliados 965 indivíduos adultos do sexo masculino, praticantes das cinco modalidades mais populares no Brasil, por meio de bateria de avaliação da aptidão física (índice de massa corporal (IMC), relação cintura quadril (RCQ), percentual de gordura (%G), consumo máximo de oxigênio (VO2máx), força muscular, resistência muscular e flexibilidade) e pelo questionário abreviado de qualidade de vida da Organização Mundial de Saúde (WHOQOL- bref). Os dados foram analisados por meio de estatística descritiva, da Análise de Correspondência, Análise de Variância e Correlação de Pearson, sendo que, para todas as análises foi utilizado o nível de significância de 5%. Segundo os critérios de aptidão física relacionada à saúde, propostos pelo Colégio Americano de Medicina do Esporte (2006), os praticantes avaliados apresentaram IMC classificado como sobrepeso (caratê, jiu-jitsu e judô) e normal (kung-fu e taekwondo); RCQ de risco moderado para todos os grupos; %G médio para todos os grupos; VO2máx acima da média (caratê e kung-fu) e bem acima da média (jiu-jitsu, judô e taekwondo); força muscular abaixo da média em todas as modalidades, exceto no caso do kung-fu, com classificação precária; resistência muscular acima da média em todos os grupos; flexibilidade média em todos os grupos. Foram encontradas diferenças estatisticamente significantes quanto ao IMC, com o grupo kung-fu apresentando valores inferiores ao caratê e ao judô e o grupo jiu-jitsu apresentando valores maiores que o caratê, kung-fu e taekwondo. Em relação ao VO2máx estimado, o grupo kungfu apresentou valor menor que os grupos jiu-jitsu e judô. Quanto à resistência muscular, o grupo jiu-jitsu apresentou valor superior aos grupos taekwondo e judô, sendo que este último apresentou valor inferior ao grupo kung-fu. Para a flexibilidade, o grupo jiu-jitsu apresentou valor inferior aos grupos caratê, taekwondo e kung-fu, sendo que este último apresentou superioridade em relação ao grupo judô. A qualidade de vida foi igual entre os grupos e todos apresentaram resultados superiores aos valores normativos nos quatro domínios para homens adultos brasileiros. As correlações entre aptidão física e os domínios de qualidade de vida foram significantes, porém muito baixas. Com base nos achados do presente estudo é possível concluir que a prática das diferentes atividades investigadas provavelmente está associada com boa qualidade de vida e aptidão física relacionada à saúde acima da média, exceto no que se refere à força muscular / This study was designed to evaluate health-related physical fitness and quality of life in practitioners of martial arts and combat sports in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. A total of 965 adult male practitioners of the five most popular modalities in Brazil were evaluated using the following variables and fitness assessment tests: body mass index (BMI), waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat percentage (%G), estimated maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), muscle strength, muscle endurance and flexibility. The subjects also answered an abbreviated version of the The World Health Organization quality of life assessment instrument (WHOQOL-bref). Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, correspondence analysis, analysis of variance and Pearson\'s correlation with 5% of significance level in all analysis. According to health-related physical fitness criteria proposed by the American College of Sports Medicine (2006), the subjects evaluated presented BMI ranges between overweight (in karate, jiu-jitsu and judo groups) and normal (in kung-fu and taekwondo groups), WHR indicating moderate risks and percentage of fat (%G) in average range in all groups; above average VO2max range (in karate and kung-fu groups) and well above average VO2max range (in jiu-jitsu, judo and taekwondo groups), below average muscle strength in all modalities, except in the kung fu group, which was rated well below average; and above average strenght endurance and average flexibility in all groups. Statistically significant differences were found in BMI, with the kung-fu group presenting lower results compared to the karate and judo groups, and with the jiu-jitsu group presenting better results than karate, kung fu and taekwondo. Regarding VO2max, the kung fu group presented lower scores than the jiu-jitsu and judo groups. As for strenght endurance, jiu-jitsu group showed higher scores when compared to taekwondo and judo group, with this last one presenting lower scores than the kung fu group. Regarding flexibility, jiu-jitsu group showed lower scores when compared to karate, taekwondo and kung fu groups, with this last one showing superior results when compared to the judo group. The quality of life was similar between the groups, and all presented higher values in the four domains than the normative data for Brazilians male adults. Correlations between physical fitness and the quality of life domains were very low, yet significant. Based on the findings of this study we conclude that the practice of the various investigated activities is probably associated with good quality of life and health-related fitness above average, except with regard to muscle strength

A la Maison d’Arrêt de Fresnes, on fait pratiquer le karaté aux détenus. Si les bienfaits du sport en prison sont un principe admis, qu’en est-il des effets pédagogiques de la pratique d'un sport de combat en milieu carcéral ? L’analyse des conduites motrices agressives en karaté, vérifiera si cette pratique apporte une régulation des affects, en comparant 188 observations réalisées en milieu associatif et 77 en détention. Ces observations discriminent l’agressivité licite, sur une échelle de valeurs graduées de -2 à 2 (sur la base d'indicateurs comportementaux objectifs annonciateurs du degré d'agressivité). Bousculant des idées reçues, les résultats révèlent que les karatékas associatifs (KA) sont plus agressifs – sur le plan « praxique » (1,71, écart-type = 0,58) et « kinésique » (1,42, é-t = 0,81) - que les karatékas détenus (KD) – respectivement 0,86, é-t = 1,17 et 0,3, é-t = 1,08. De leur côté, les processus de civilité s’expriment sur des moyennes de -2,00 pour les KA contre -0,81 pour les KD. Le karaté peut-il alors avoir une place en prison comme activité sportive ? La réponse semble affirmative. Sous réserve de processus ré-éducatif global, cette activité ne pouvant cependant garantir par elle-même solutionner le problème de la réinsertion. / At the Detention center of Fresnes, some prisoners go in for karate. If the benefits of sport in prison are an accepted principle, what about educational effects of the practice of a combat sport in prison? The analysis of sports practice aggressiveness in karate will verify if this activity brings a regulation of affects, by comparing 188 observations realized in associative environment and 77 in detention. These observations discriminate licit aggressiveness, on a scale of gradual values from 2 to 2 (on the basis of warning objective behavioral indicators of the degree of aggressiveness). Pushing aside preconceived ideas, the results reveal that the associative karateka (AK) is more aggressive - on the plan "praxique" (1,71, standard deviation = 0,58) and "kinesique" (1,42, s-d = 0,81) - than the prisoner karateka (PK) - respectively 0,86, s-d = 1,17 and 0,3, s-d = 1,08. On their side, the processes of civility express themselves on averages of -2,00 for the AK against -0,81 for the PK. Can the karate then have a place in prison as sports activity? The answer seems affirmative. Subject to global rehabilitation process, this activity can not however guarantee by itself to resolve the problem of the reintegration.

<p>Cilj istraživanja je da se dokumentuju različiti identiteti profesorki univerziteta koje su oti&scaron;le iz Srbije u razne akademske sredine u svetu i ostvarile profesionalnu karijeru.<br />Hipoteze su shodno cilju rada:<br />H-1: Prva hipoteza je da su profesorke u akademskoj dijaspori oti&scaron;le u inostranstvo kako bi uspe&scaron;no izgradile profesionalnu karijeru u vreme kada u zemlji porekla za to nisu postojali dovoljni uslovi u onim naučnim disciplinama za koje su se one opredelile.<br />H-2: Druga hipoteza je da sve profesorke u akademskoj dijaspori imaju promenljive, vi&scaron;estruke identitete.<br />H-3: Treća hipoteza je da empirijski podaci o životu profesorki u akademskoj dijaspori pomažu da se izgradi strategija saradnje profesorki iz dijaspore sa univerzitetskim centrima ovde.<br />Osnovni i kontrolni korpus za analizu čini 21 životna priča profesorki koje su obrazovanje za karijeru stekle na univerzitetima u Srbiji, a profesionalnu karijeru ostvarile u raznim zemljama Evrope i sveta. Audio zapisi snimljenog razgovora za ukupno 11 profesorki, zabeleženi tokom &scaron;est godina (2009-2015), audio zapisom (24 sata) na osnovu polustrukturiranog upitnika, transrkibovani u formu pisanog teksta (256 stranica). Kao kontrolni korpus empirijskih podatka su objavljenih 10 životnih priča profesorki sa Univerzitetu u Novom Sadu (Savić 2015). Osnovni kriterijumi za odbir žena su: da su rođene u Republici Srbiji (gde su provele detinjstvo, deo ili svo obrazovanje), a ostvarile akademsku karijeru u nekoj od zemalja sveta.<br />Podaci pokazuju da su sve profesorke uskladile profesionalni i privatni život i da je jedan hranio drugi u njihovoj uspe&scaron;noj karijeri.<br />Za profesionalni rad i za odlazak u zemlje destinacije (prijema) profesorke su imale podr&scaron;ku bračnih partnera, koja je bila neohodna, s obzirom na činjenicu da su sve profesorke u akademskoj dijaspori nailazile na brojne prepreke i izazove od momenta odlaska iz zemlje porekla i tokom građenja karijere (na primer, neke su visoko &scaron;kolovanje ponovile, ili su promenile profesiju ili oblast kojom se bave, a deo je nastavio usavr&scaron;avanje).<br />Obrazovanje je presudno i za vaspitanje potomstva - vrhunsko obrazovanje u skladu sa željama i afinitetima svoje dece.<br />Jezički identitet profesorki u akademskoj dijaspori povezan je sa profesionalnom orijentacijom vi&scaron;e nego sa nacionalnim identitetom.<br />Profesorke su se trudile da njihova deca u dijaspori nauče maternji jezik (jezike) roditelja, iako su deca rođena, ili najveći deo svog života, provode u zemlji destinacije, pa se može govoriti o dva (ili vi&scaron;e) maternjih jezika.<br />Najupečatljivija sličnost profesorki UNS i profesorki u akademskoj dijaspori je njihova jednaka želja i volja za obrazovanjem, usavr&scaron;avanjem i napredovanjem u struci i naučnom radu, bez obzira na cenu i prepreke sa kojima su suočene.<br />Takođe, jednako važna sličnost jeste diskriminacija sa kojom se susreću u građenju svojih karijera, profesorke UNS prilikom napredovanja, a profesorke u akademskoj dijaspori prilikom zaposlenja, bavljenja svojom strukom i, takođe, eventualnog napredovanja.<br />Sve profesorke u akademskoj dijaspori žele profesionalno da sarađuju sa univerzitetima i naučnim (i drugim) institucijama u Srbiji, ali ne postoji sistemsko re&scaron;enje za takvu saradnju u sada&scaron;njem trenutku u Srbiji.<br />Ženska iskustva ovde objedinjena svedoče o neiskori&scaron;ćenim resursima, izostalim u saradnji i angažmanu profesorki iz akademske dijaspore u Srbiji danas. Ona mogu dobro poslužiti za sačinjavanje dugoročne strategije o implementaciji znanja i postignuća akademskih profesorki u domaćem okuženju.<br />Značajno je &scaron;to se u okviru interdisciplinarnih rodnim studija objedinjuje problematika migracija žena, naročito povezano sa profesijama, jer je izvesno da će migracije biti dugoročna tema u budućnosti cele civilizacije. Postoje programi i predmeti koji se bave visokim obrazovanjem žena u profesijama i na kojima se izvode istraživački projekti na kojima se sakuplja empirijski materijal.<br />Mogućnost primene rezultata:<br />1. Empirijski podaci o identitetu akademski obrazovanih žena iz dijaspore, od kojih je jedan i rodni, poslužiće u teorijskoj raspravi o odnosu elemenata identiteta u odnosu na rod.<br />2. Empirijski podaci mogu dobro poslužiti u praksi za predlog strategije za saradnju, eventualni povratak, akademski usmerenih žena iz dijaspore u akademsku elitu u Republici Srbiji (i regionu biv&scaron;e Jugoslavije).<br />3. Bogaćenje postojeće baze podataka životnih priča žena u Republici Srbiji iz različitih nacionalnih zajednica koje su svoje živote ostvarile u 20. i 21. veku.<br />Rezultati doktorske disertacije treba da posluže u razvijanju strategije o implementaciji postignuća akademskih žena u domaćem okuženju.</p> / <p>Humans are asymmetric by nature. Asymmetry occurs for the reason that two<br />corresponding part of the body that are located on each side of the body&rsquo;s central axis are not identical to each other. These differences can be seen in the means of size and appearance, as well as in various functions during motoric actions. In regards to<br />professional and recreational sports, as well as rehabilitation, training efforts are directed to make one side of the body or limb identical to other side or limb, in means of shape, size and function. Thus, with training we strive not only to balance, but also to improve each side of the body, in order to act and function as a matched system.<br />There are number of specific features established with isokinetic chair based on various testing of different athletes. These specificities are related to particular sports disciplines followed by numerous typical imbalances between antagonistic muscle groups, often with bilateral difference. The data obtained on the isokinetic chair are extremely important for every athlete and coach because they enable precise training planning. The effectiveness of training both significantly increase the targeted work, and also prevents a large number of injuries, which are the greatest danger today&#39;s sport. The main objective of this research was to determine whether there is a dynamic asymmetry for judo and karate athletes of different age. The sample of participants consisted of 120 judo and karate athletes of both gender. Participants belong to groups of cadets, juniors and seniors. Eleven variables for evaluation of morphological (anthropometric) were applied. For assessing the maximum<br />muscle force flexor and extensor of the knee joint as well as the maximum force of<br />internal and external rotation of the shoulder joint isokinetic parameters was used. To<br />analyze the differences between the age, sport and gender by groups, we used univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA).<br />The research results showed that there were no statistically significant differences in the asymmetry between all groups for judo and karate athletes. However, there was a<br />significant difference in the expression of maximum force of quadriceps and the<br />hamstrings, as well as the maximum force for external and internal rotation of the<br />shoulder joint. These differences were all in favor of judo group for all age categories and gender. Yet, there were no statistically significant differences found between the<br />morphological characteristics of the left and right side of the body among all groups.<br />Based on the obtained results it can be concluded that judo and karate can be classified as sports that do not lead to the appearance of morphological nor dynamic asymmetry of its practitioners (athletes).</p>

Title: Dependence of somatotype and fitness condition in martial arts. Thesis aim: Main aim of this thesis is to find out mutual dependence among tracked variables - placed in ranking list and UNIFITTEST (6-60). Methods: For theoretical part of thesis the author used method of analysis and synthesis of specialized literary sources. In practical part the main method used was regression analysis. Method according to Heath-Carter was used to assessment somatotype. Towards evaluation of kinetic performance and efficiency was used UNIFITTEST (6-60). Results: Results from research show us that during the research of mutual dependencies it hasn't proved any link between tracked variables and place in ranking list UNIFITTEST (6-60). Considering measured values judo athletes are in category endomorphic mesomorphic and karate athletes are in category well-balanced mesomorphic. Keywords: somatotype, martial arts, karate, judo, UNIFITTEST (6-60)