Title: Design of test set for long-term monitoring of top-level karate karate athletes. Objectives: The aim of this work is to design the test set for long-term monitoring of the top-level karate athletes. Methods: A total of 26 probands (10 women and 16 men) aged 18-26 years were included in the research. Everyone has practiced karate for at least 2 years and they are holders of a minimal green belt. A total of 10 motor tests were included in the designed test set. Selected 7 tests from this test set were tested by the test-retest method. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to determine reliability and objectivity. Results: Modified Bass test (rrel=0,83, robj=0,94), repeated punches and blocks gedanbarai + choku cuki (rrel=0,82, robj=0,95), repeated mawashigeri kicks (rrel=0,93, robj=0,97), shuttle run 30x10 m (rrel=0,83), straight two arms medicine ball throw from heiko dachi stance (rrel=0,91), knee to wall touch (rrel=0,97), height of jokogeri kick (rrel=0,97). Keywords: karate, kata, the structure of sport performance, testing, test set

Individuals who experience a traumatic event may have an adverse emotional reaction that negatively impacts their quality of life. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to explore the influence of training in the martial arts as an intervention in the treatment of interpersonal trauma. The biopsychosocial model provided the framework for the study. The research questions addressed the effects of training in the martial arts and the biological, psychological, and social functioning of individuals who had sustained a form of interpersonal trauma. Data were collected from semistructured interviews with 9 participants. Data were analyzed using Moustakas's modified van Kamm method. Findings indicated that martial arts training was transformative and positive for participants. Benefits included mentorship, a sense of achievement, increased confidence, better parenting, and recovery from substance abuse. Findings may be used to promote martial arts training as a treatment intervention for people who have experienced interpersonal trauma.

I ABSTRACT Title: Kinesiological analysis of upper limb punch strike in sports karate. Aim of work: The aim of this thesis to describe and characterize the muscle involement in direct punch strike in karate. Then compared with the exercises, which are characteristic to karate - strikes with resistence and push-up exercise. Methods: Work is processed by a comparative analysis of selected movements based on the determination of muscle activation. The surface electromyography method synchronized with video and accelerometer was used in this work. Results: The result is describtion of selcted movements on the basis of muscle activation and function of selected muscles. The prove that the forearm extensors are activated as the last of the selcted muscles was managed. On the basis of karate technique and anatomy we confirmed important role of forearm extensor by direct punch in karate. The difference between onset time muscle activation by strikes and push up was found. Maximum speed of acral part of the upper limb by direct punch was established. Keywords: Electromyography (EMG), karate, direct punch - gyakucuki, accelrometer

Introdução: No Karatê o chute frontal Mae geri é considerado uma técnica de simples execução, porém muito eficiente e muito utilizada em competições. Os fundamentos do Karatê descrevem que o melhor desempenho do chute será alcançado quando as forças de todas as partes do corpo forem utilizadas simultaneamente, do centro do corpo para as extremidades, o que parece ser suportado pelo princípio biomecânico de coordenação de impulsos parciais. Para que o chute seja eficiente e atinja a máxima velocidade, a transferência de energia mecânica entre os segmentos deve acontecer de tal maneira que os segmentos envolvidos no golpe se movimentem dentro de uma sequência no sentido proximal-distal. Objetivos: O presente estudo tem como objetivo geral avaliar parâmetros cinemáticos e cinéticos do Mae geri para compreender a dinâmica do golpe realizado por caratecas de diferentes níveis de treinamento. Método: Doze caratecas do grupo faixa preta (12,75 ± 8,91 anos de prática) e sete caratecas do grupo faixa branca (1,18 ± 0,88 anos de prática) executaram o Mae geri. Com os dados de cinemática dos segmentos (pelve, coxa, perna e pé) do membro inferior de ataque e de força de reação do solo foram calculadas as velocidades lineares, velocidades angulares, os torques, as potências e as transferências de energia entre os segmentos. Resultados: No grupo faixa preta as magnitudes de velocidade linear dos segmentos foram significativamente maiores do que no grupo faixa branca, resultando em menor duração total do golpe no grupo faixa preta. O Mae geri do grupo faixa preta é caracterizado no início do golpe por uma transferência de energia mecânica dos segmentos distais para os segmentos proximais de todas articulações analisadas (quadril, joelho e tornozelo), com maior magnitude de energia mecânica sendo transferida do pé para a perna, ainda com o pé no chão. Após tirar o pé de ataque do chão, a transferência de energia mecânica da coxa para a pelve apresenta um aumento de magnitude. No último terço do golpe, há uma transferência de energia mecânica da perna para a coxa na articulação do joelho e da perna para o pé na articulação do tornozelo. O grupo faixa branca tem um comportamento diferente de transferência de energia mecânica entre os segmentos comparado ao grupo faixa preta, principalmente no último terço do golpe. Além disso, magnitudes de geração de potência pelos músculos para os segmentos, de absorção de potência pelos músculos a partir dos segmentos e transferência de energia mecânica entre segmentos foram significativamente maiores no grupo faixa preta. Conclusão: Os resultados sugerem que a transferência de energia mecânica entre os segmentos permite que caratecas faixa preta executem o Mae geri de acordo com os princípios biomecânicos de coordenação dos impulsos parciais, respeitando uma sequência de movimentos no sentido proximal-distal. O nível de treinamento dos caratecas implica em diferenças no comportamento das velocidades dos segmentos e na transferência de energia entre os segmentos, o que influencia na eficiência e no desempenho do golpe / Introduction: In karate the Mae geri front kick is considered a simple execution technique, however very efficient and widely used in competitions. The karate\'s fundamentals describe that the best kick performance will be achieved when the strengths of all parts of the body are used simultaneously, from the body\'s center to outside, which seems to be supported by the biomechanical principle of partial impulse coordination. In order for the kick to be efficient and reach maximum speed, the mechanical energy transfer between segments must occur in such a way that the segments involved in the stroke move within a sequence in the proximal-distal direction. Purpose: The present study has as general purpose to evaluate kinematic and kinetic parameters of the Mae geri to understand the dynamics of the stroke made by karate practitioners of different levels of training. Method: Twelve karate practitioners of black belt group (12,75 ± 8,91 years of practice) and seven karate practitioners of white belt group (1,18 ± 0,88 years of practice) performed the Mae geri. With the kinematics data of the segments (pelvis, thigh, leg and foot) of the lower attack member and the ground reaction force were calculated the linear velocities, angular velocities, the moments of force, the powers and the mechanical energy transfer between segments. Results: At black belt group the linear velocity magnitudes of segments were significantly higher than in the white belt group, resulting in a shorter total stroke duration in the black belt group. The Mae geri of the black belt group is characterized at the beginning of the stroke by a transfer of mechanical energy from the distal segments to the proximal segments of all joints analyzed (hip, knee and ankle), with higher magnitude of mechanical energy being transferred from the foot to the leg, still with the foot on the ground. After removing the attack foot on the ground, the mechanical energy transfer from the thigh to pelvis presents an increase of magnitude. At the last third of the stroke, there is a mechanical energy transfer from the leg to the thigh at the knee joint and from the leg to the foot at the ankle joint. The white belt group has a different behavior of mechanical energy transfer between the segments compared to the black belt group, specially at the last third of the stroke. Besides that, magnitudes of power generation by the muscles to the segments, power absorption by the muscles from the segments and mechanical energy transfer between segments were significantly higher in the black belt group. Conclusion: The results suggest that the transfer of mechanical energy between segments allows black belt karate practitioners perform the Mae geri according to the biomechanical principles of the coordination of partial impulses, respecting a sequence of movements in the proximal-distal direction. The training level of the karate practitioners implies in differences in the behavior of the velocities of the segments and in the mechanical energy transfer between segments, which influences the efficiency and the performance of the stroke

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-06T17:06:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Fernanda Todeschini Viero.pdf: 1880137 bytes, checksum: 599eff8e7b843aeb1ae20b6da73a3ac0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-12-12 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The main objective of this study was to analyze the kinetic characteristics of the punch in karate in natural stance and advanced where the proposed specific objectives were to verify the strength values (component orthogonal to the fixed target) generated by karate straight punch during the impact on fixed target; measuring ground reaction forces in three orthogonal directions: vertical (z), antero-posterior (y) and medio-lateral (x); compare the peak force of the punch normalized by body weight between the natural posture and stance; and compare the percentage of body weight at the time of peak force of the punch between the natural posture and stance. The study included nine practitioners of Traditional Shotokan Karate, male, graduated from the first dan, and over the age of eighteen years, all invited to participate voluntarily in the study. For the collection of ground reaction forces were used two force platforms AMTI model OR6-GT and the analysis of the punch device was developed with a fixed target instrumented. Data collection was divided into two stages, the first was rated the straight punch in front stance and the second was evaluated in a natural posture. We collected data from participants, the anthropometric characteristics taken after heating the same individual adjusted to the pre-determined position, on the force platforms in front of the column, where your equipment with the target fixed for the execution of instrumented punches average level. The kinetic parameters analyzed were interpreted with the aid of a software routine in scilab-5.3.3 (INRA, France). To present the data we used descriptive statistics. Additionally, we used the paired t-test for detecting differences in performance parameters between the punch and natural stance. All tests were carried out using SPSS 17.0 software (SPSS, USA) at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that the absolute values of impact found in this independent study confirm the stance taken karate as the art of teaching the final blow. In terms of ground reaction forces in three orthogonal directions (z, y, x), results were obtained with the forces in the orthogonal directions z and y, being that on the other hand for ortogonal direction x, the same one was rejected ahead of the necessity for a more accurate analysis. As for comparisons were obtained significant results (p <0.05) for the intensities of punches between the advanced and natural postures and non-significant results (p> 0.05) for the percentage weights at the moment of peak force between the punch advanced postures and natural. Finally, it was stressed that it seems the hip rotation is so important in the efficiency of the blow given that you can make a relationship between the intensity obtained from the impact of the blow and magnitude of the binary system generated by the actions of the feet. / O principal objetivo deste estudo foi analisar as características cinéticas do soco no Karatê em postura natural e avançada onde os objetivos específicos propostos foram verificar os valores de força (componente ortogonal ao alvo fixo) gerados pelo soco direto do karatê durante o impacto no alvo fixo; medir forças de reação do solo nas três direções ortogonais: vertical (z), ântero-posterior (y) e médio lateral (x); comparar o pico de força do soco normalizado pelo peso corporal entre a postura natural e a postura avançada; e comparar o percentual do peso corporal no momento de pico de força do soco entre a postura natural e a postura avançada. Participaram deste estudo nove praticantes de Karatê Shotokan Tradicional, do sexo masculino, graduados a partir do 1o dan, e com idade superior a dezoito anos, todos convidados a participar voluntariamente do estudo. Para as coletas das forças de reação do solo foram utilizadas duas plataformas de força AMTI modelo OR6-GT e para a análise do soco foi desenvolvido um dispositivo com o alvo fixo instrumentado. A coleta de dados foi dividida em duas etapas, na primeira foi avaliado o soco direto na postura avançada e na segunda foi avaliado na postura natural. Foram coletados os dados dos participantes, tomadas as características antropométricas e após aquecimento individual, o mesmo ajustou-se à posição pré-estabelecida nas plataformas de força em frente à coluna, onde se encontrava o aparato com o alvo fixo instrumentado para a execução dos socos a nível médio. Os parâmetros cinéticos analisados foram interpretados com auxílio de uma rotina no software Scilab-5.3.3 (INRA, França). Para apresentar os dados foi utilizada a estatística descritiva. Adicionalmente, foi utilizado o teste t pareado para verificar diferenças nos parâmetros da execução do soco entre a postura avançada e natural. Todos os testes foram realizados com auxílio do software SPSS 17.0 (SPSS, EUA) a um nível de significância de 5%. Pelos resultados verificou-se que para os valores absolutos de impacto encontrados neste estudo independente da postura adotada confirmam o karatê como sendo a arte da doutrina do golpe definitivo. No que tange às forças de reação do solo nas três direções ortogonais (z, y, x), respostas foram obtidas para as forças nas direções ortogonais z e y, sendo que em contrapartida para a direção ortogonal x, a mesma foi desprezada diante da necessidade de uma análise mais acurada. Quanto às comparações se obtiveram resultados significativos (p<0,05) para as intensidades dos socos entre as posturas avançada e natural e resultados não significativos (p>0,05) para os pesos percentuais durante o momento de pico de força do soco entre as posturas avançada e natural. Por fim, destacou-se que ao que parece o giro do quadril tem tanta importância na eficiência do golpe haja vista que se pode fazer uma relação entre a intensidade obtida através do impacto do golpe e magnitude do sistema binário gerado pelas ações dos pés.

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Thesis with behind-go problem improve the quality of education resistence excercises sports and easter of action art, whose substance and purposes is designed and check education Japanese of action art aikido, judo, karate. Behaviour with about attempt creation connected programme kinetic skill from areas preparation training and fundamental engineer aikido, judo, karate, designed for beginner. Designed programme is checking by the help of pedagogic research and will proceed near experimental set children younger pupilage. See service and piece of knowledge may be utilize in sports battalion conversant thematic of action art and sports and in education bodily upbringing on primary school.

Submitted by Antônio Pinto (limasensei@yahoo.com.br) on 2018-09-20T19:20:12Z No. of bitstreams: 3 Carta de Encaminhamento Autodepósito.pdf: 256588 bytes, checksum: 8be6fc8b5a5d38de8a24f0769dbfdc63 (MD5) DISSERTAÇAO Arte Marcial Karatê.pdf: 1825962 bytes, checksum: 7786a0cfbe46fd95ee1c2acddffd2253 (MD5) ATA DEFESA.pdf: 775695 bytes, checksum: b024e33a0375551355dda3ff66efd020 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by PPGSCA Sociedade e Cultura na Amazônia (secppgsca@gmail.com) on 2018-09-20T19:57:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 Carta de Encaminhamento Autodepósito.pdf: 256588 bytes, checksum: 8be6fc8b5a5d38de8a24f0769dbfdc63 (MD5) DISSERTAÇAO Arte Marcial Karatê.pdf: 1825962 bytes, checksum: 7786a0cfbe46fd95ee1c2acddffd2253 (MD5) ATA DEFESA.pdf: 775695 bytes, checksum: b024e33a0375551355dda3ff66efd020 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Divisão de Documentação/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2018-09-21T13:00:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 Carta de Encaminhamento Autodepósito.pdf: 256588 bytes, checksum: 8be6fc8b5a5d38de8a24f0769dbfdc63 (MD5) DISSERTAÇAO Arte Marcial Karatê.pdf: 1825962 bytes, checksum: 7786a0cfbe46fd95ee1c2acddffd2253 (MD5) ATA DEFESA.pdf: 775695 bytes, checksum: b024e33a0375551355dda3ff66efd020 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T13:00:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Carta de Encaminhamento Autodepósito.pdf: 256588 bytes, checksum: 8be6fc8b5a5d38de8a24f0769dbfdc63 (MD5) DISSERTAÇAO Arte Marcial Karatê.pdf: 1825962 bytes, checksum: 7786a0cfbe46fd95ee1c2acddffd2253 (MD5) ATA DEFESA.pdf: 775695 bytes, checksum: b024e33a0375551355dda3ff66efd020 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-07-19 / This study sought to understand the social transformations of practitioners of Karate martial art, through their practice, philosophical norms, principles and ideals, and how these influence the behavior of their practitioners. It was sought to understand how the practice of this discipline, with its principles could contribute to coping to reduce violence, building a culture of control of emotions, non-violence, improving social interactions between practitioners and society in general, considering the Amazonian scenario, precisely in the city of Manaus, where there is a high rate of urban violence, according to media reports. Thus, its objectives were: to investigate the extent of the influence of Karate martial art on the life of the federated practitioners in Manaus / AM; and specific: to understand the relationship between the practice of Karate martial art and the construction of a culture of non-violence in Manaus / AM; to verify how the Karate martial art can provide improvements in the social interactions of the Manaus federated practitioners; and classify the motivations that lead to the practice of Karate. In order to materialize what we propose to accomplish, after theoretical basis, we set out for empirical research with the data collection in the field with the actors directly involved, Karate practitioners federated to the Amazon Karate Federation (FAK), as object of study of this research , who contributed with their experiences and, from these we carried out the respective analyzes, anchored with Norbert Elias's theories, notably that of the civilizing process. Therefore, it is a multidisciplinary study based on the knowledges of Psychology, Sociology, Anthropology and other areas of Human Sciences. As for the benefits, the theorists in dialogues with the practitioners of this discipline list the psychomotricity with the development of visomotor skills, physical and emotional balance, endurance, longevity and general improvement of health, besides the social transformations of its practitioners, with discipline and self-control of the drives, with the awareness of what is socially understood as correct, for a good interaction and social coexistence. Still in this context, we visualize the main reasons that lead a person to Karate training, being evidenced that it is the search for the quality of life, expressed in the corporal health, in the personal defense, in the socio-sport practice, sociability besides being adopted as a style of life. / Este estudo buscou compreender as transformações sociais dos praticantes da arte marcial Karatê, por meio de sua prática, suas normas, princípios e ideais filosóficos e, como estas influenciam no comportamento de seus praticantes. Buscou-se compreender de que maneira a prática dessa disciplina, com seus princípios poderia contribuir no enfrentamento para diminuir a violência, com a construção de uma cultura de controle das emoções, de não-violência, melhorando as interações sociais entre os praticantes e a sociedade em geral, tendo em vista o cenário amazônico, precisamente na cidade de Manaus, onde há alto índice de violência urbana, conforme destaca a mídia. Assim, buscou-se em seus objetivos, geral: investigar a amplitude da influência da arte marcial Karatê na vida dos praticantes federados em Manaus/AM; e específicos: compreender a relação existente entre a prática da arte marcial Karatê e a construção da cultura da não violência em Manaus/AM; verificar como a arte marcial Karatê pode proporcionar melhorias nas interações sociais dos praticantes federados de Manaus; e classificar as motivações que levam à prática do Karatê. Para materializar o que nos propomos a realizar, após embasamento teórico, partimos para pesquisa empírica com a coleta de dados em campo junto aos atores diretamente envolvidos, os praticantes de Karatê federados à Federação Amazonense de Karatê (FAK), enquanto objeto de estudo desta pesquisa, os quais contribuíram com suas experiências e, a partir dessas realizamos as respectivas análises, ancorado com as teorias, notadamente a do processo civilizador, de Norbert Elias. Portanto, trata-se de um estudo multidisciplinar embasado nos saberes da Psicologia, da Sociologia, da Antropologia e outras áreas das Ciências Humanas. Quanto aos benefícios, os teóricos em diálogos com os praticantes dessa disciplina elencam a psicomotricidade com o desenvolvimento das habilidades visomotora, equilíbrio físico e emocional, resistência, longevidade e melhoria geral da saúde, além das transformações sociais dos seus praticantes, com a disciplina e o autocontrole das pulsões, com a consciência do que é socialmente entendido como correto, para uma boa interação e convivência social. Ainda nesse contexto, visualizamos os principais motivos que levam a uma pessoa a treinar Karatê, ficando evidenciado que se trata da busca pela qualidade de vida, expressada na saúde corporal, na defesa pessoal, na prática socioesportiva, sociabilidade além de ser adotado como um estilo de vida.

Art martial inscrit dans une tradition sino-japonaise et bouddhiste, le karaté constitue un patrimoine vivant immatériel. Issus de différentes écoles de style, les Grands Maîtres perpétuent les pratiques d’une part en assurant la relève et d’autre part en régulant leurs formes recevables. L’objet de cette thèse porte sur les modalités et conditions par lesquelles la médiation interculturelle des pratiques de karaté s’opère en contexte de globalisation et sous l’effet du temps et des Maîtres. Quatre études complémentaires forment la démarche. 1) L’étude préliminaire restitue le macrocontexte socio-historique des trajectoires migratoires du karaté incarné par des maîtres et des écoles. 2) L’approche ethnographique d’entraînements japonais (cinq dojos remarquables) décrit et modélise les pratiques originelles en regard de formes reconfigurées. 3) L’approche contrastive des discours de Grands Maîtres dans leurs récits de vie (N enquêtés = 4 japonais + 4 français) fait l’objet d’une analyse de contenu. 4) La micro-étude du kata respiratoire Tenshô permet de restituer la dimension anthropo-culturelle du karaté en regard des invariants partagés avec d’autres arts patrimoniaux japonais. Les résultats montrent que la médiation interculturelle des pratiques entre le Japon et la France génère des formes d’enseignement inédites qui prennent un sens culturel hautement contextualisé. La dimension anthropo-didactique de l’enseignement du karaté est identifiée aux fins de questionner les modalités de médiation interculturelle dans la perspective d’une mise en dialogue des altérités. / Martial art included in a sino-japanese and bouddhist tradition, karate is a living intangible heritage. From different schools of karate style, Grandmasters perpetuate practices on one hand ensuring succession and secondly by controlling their admissible forms. The purpose of this thesis focused on the terms and conditions under which the intercultural mediation of the practices karate took place in the globalization context and under the effect of time and of the Masters.Four additional studies were provided. 1) The preliminary study reproduced the socio-historical macrocontext of the karate migration paths played by teachers and schools. 2) The ethnographic approach of Japanese trainings (five remarkable dojos) described and modeled the original practices facing reconfigured forms. 3) The contrastive approach of grandmasters speech in their life stories (N interviewed = 4 Japanese + 4 French) was processed by a content analysis. 4) The micro-study of respiratory kata Tenshô allowed to reach the anthropo-cultural dimension of karate facing shared invariants with other Japanese arts heritage. Results showed that the intercultural mediation of practices between Japan and France generated new forms of education that took a highly contextualized cultural meaning.The anthropo-didactic dimension of karate teaching was identified so as to question the intercultural mediation terms in the perspective of a dialogue with otherness.