Objective of the work is to explain general meaning and basic principles of Katas followed by research them in concrete Martial Arts. Object of research are the Katas in Karate, Judo and Iaido, where I will also explain their methodology of practice. Next I will compare Theory and Methodology of Katas in these particular Martial Arts by each other. The work it self consist from theoretical part, which contains general characteristic of Katas, history and characterstic particullary researched Martial Arts and their Katas. Practical part is formed by methodology of their training and practice and folowed by comparing of the Katas. On the end of the work you can find appendix contains photos. Main appendix is videorecorded these Katas: Nanahon me from Iaido, Nage no Kata from Judo and Gekisai Dai Ichi from Karate with grounding excercises of San Dan Gi and Renzoku Kumite and Kata Sanchin including practice Sanchin Shime from karate.\\

<p>Cilj ovog istraživanja je bio da se utvrde efekti različitih disciplina u karateu (sportske borbe - kumite i forme - kata) na morfo-funkcionalne karakteristike karatista seniora. Pored ovoga su utvrĎivane i razlike u odnosu na dužinu trenažnog staža, kao i akutni fiziolo&scaron;ki odgovor na specifično fizičko opterećenje tokom simulacije takmičenja. Uzorak je obuhvatio 72 ispitanika koji su prvenstveno bili podeljeni na kata (n = 33) i kumite (n = 39) grupu, a potom i u odnosu na trenažni staž u tri grupe (starija n = 23, srednja n = 24 i mlaĎa n = 25). Svi ispitanici su testirani kroz bateriju od 36 testova za procenu morfo-funkcionalnog statusa. Rezultati su pokazali razlike u pojedinim morfo - funkcionalnim karakteristikama ispitanika u odnosu na takmičarsku disciplinu. Kumite borci su imali izraženiju longitudinalnost (p &lt; 0,01), dok su kata takmičari imali izraženije potkožno masno tkivo praćeno većom ko&scaron;tanom masom (p &lt; 0,05). TakoĎe su ispitanici kata grupe pokazali superiorniju fleksibilnost donjih ekstremiteta (p &lt; 0,05), dok su kumite ispitanici bili bolji u pokazateljima apsolutne snage skokova kao i aerobnih sposobnosti (p &lt; 0,01). U odnosu na trenažni staž javile su se razlike u svim varijablama za procenu vertikalne skočnosti (visini skoka i maksimalnoj snazi), funkcionalnim pokazateljima kao i varijablama za procenu mi&scaron;ićne snage u korist najstarije grupe (p &lt; 0,05). Razlike<br />dobijene u fiziolo&scaron;kim odgovorima na akutno opterećenje kroz specifičnu takmičarsku disciplinu, kao i razlike u praćenoj temperaturi jezgra tela nisu bile značajne. Rezultati ovog istraživanja ukazuju da treniranjem različitih karate disciplina dolazi do odreĎenih specifičnih morfo-funkcionalnih promena u organizmu. Na ove promene bitno utiče i trenažni staž, odnosno vreme provedeno u specifičnom treningu.</p> / <p>The aim of this study was to determine the effects of different competitive disciplines in karate (sports fight - kumite and forms - kata) on morpho-functional characteristics in senior karate athletes. In addition, differences in relation to training experience, as well as the acute physiological response to a specific physical exertion during the simulated competition were determined. The sample included 72 athletes primarily divided into kata (n = 33) and kumite (n = 39) group, and to training experience into three groups (oldest: n = 23, medium: n = 24, and youngest: n = 25). All subjects were evaluated through a battery of 36 morpho-functional tests. Differences were found between two competitive disciplines. Kumite athletes had significantly longer dimensions (p &lt; 0.01), whereas kata competitors had more pronounced subcutaneous adipose tissue accompanied by higher bone mass and superior flexibility (p &lt; 0.05). Furthermore, kumite athletes had better indicators of absolute power in jumping performance and aerobic capacity (p &lt; 0.01). Differences also occurred in all variables of vertical jumping assessment (jump height and maximum power), functional indicators (p &lt; 0.05) and muscle strength evaluation (p &lt; 0.01) in relation to training experience. All differences found were in favor of the oldest group. No differences were found in physiological responses to acute load of the specific competitive discipline, or in body core temperature measured. The results of this<br />research indicate that training for different karate disciplines had led to certain specific morpho-functional changes in the body. These changes were partially affected by specific training regimes and training experience.</p>

Made available in DSpace on 2016-12-08T15:59:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 TESE DE DOUTORADO ANA CLAUDIA VIEIRA MARTINS 2013.pdf: 6774082 bytes, checksum: b0be86a723f732860dc6bab0e099073f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-12-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / In this study we evaluated the first kinematic sequence jion kata karate Shotokan style and contributions of technical profile and kinematic variables on the performance of athletes kata. A total of 10 athletes kata, female bands purple, brown and black, have participated in at least one state competition. This study involved the simulation of a kata competition, where the judges evaluated and rated the performance of athletes in the execution of the first sequence of jion kata. Were made the acquisition of data using a reference file, and kinematics system with central inertial Xsens MVN Studio. We analyzed the technical profile of athletes (undergraduate, workout time, frequency of weekly training, level of competitions which he participated, and ranking state) and the kinematic variables maximum angular velocity, angle of elbow extension in finalizing the technical and timing techniques zenkutsu dachi, shuto age uke (high defense arm with an open hand) age uke (high defense arm with a closed fist) and guiaku-zuki (straight punch). To characterize the technical profile of the athletes performance in kata and kinematic variables, we adopted descriptive statistics, for comparisons between lanes, one-way ANOVA. To compare kinematic variables between the two groups according to performance on the first sequence of jion kata (Group 1: 1st to 5th position, and Group 2: 6 th to 10 th position), was adopted the Student t test (unpaired). To determine the contributions of variables: a) technical profile of athletes on performance in kata b) technical profile on kinematic variables c) kinematic variables on performance in the kata, we adopted multiple linear regression - Stepwise. The confidence interval in all cases was 95% (p <0.05). The results showed that: a) the kata athletes have technical profile consistent with good results in competitions played by them, b) the athletes achieved a good performance in the execution of the first sequence of the second kata jion assessed by the referees, c) the athletes Group 1 were the fastest techniques shuto age uke, age uke and gyaku-zuki and performed better on the angle of elbow extension techniques shuto age uke and gyaku-zuki. The technique was the fastest shuto age uke d) the athletes had good timing, concurrency and fluency in closing the execution of the movements of the upper and lower e) positive correlation between performance in the kata with the technical profile of athletes, and between the technical profile and kinematic variables; f) There was moderate positive influence on performance technical profile, and very strong on kinematic variables. The technical background had a strong negative influence on the time intervals between techniques. We conclude that the athletes catarinense team perform well in the execution of kata, reaching a plateau in these circumstances kinematic variables techniques. One can point the technical profile and the time intervals between techniques as indicators of performance in kata. / Neste estudo avaliou-se características cinemáticas da primeira sequência do jion kata do karatê estilo Shotokan e as contribuições do perfil técnico e das variáveis cinemáticas sobre o desempenho das atletas de kata. Participaram 10 kataístas, sexo feminino, faixas roxa, marrom e preta, tenham participado de pelo menos uma competição estadual. Este estudo consistiu na simulação de uma competição de kata, onde os árbitros avaliaram e classificaram o desempenho das atletas na execução da primeira sequência do jion kata. Foram feitas a aquisição dos dados utilizando-se uma ficha cadastral, e sistema de cinemetria com centrais inerciais Xsens MVN Studio. Analisou-se o perfil técnico das atletas (graduação, tempo de treino, freqüência de treino semanal, nível das competições que participou, e posição no ranking estadual) e as variáveis cinemáticas velocidade angular máxima, ângulo de extensão do cotovelo na finalização das técnicas e sincronismo nas técnicas zenkutsu dachi (base), shuto age uke (defesa de braço alta com a mão aberta) age uke (defesa de braço alta com a mão fechada) e guiaku-zuki (soco direto). Para caracterizar o perfil técnico das atletas, o desempenho no kata e as variáveis cinemáticas, adotou-se estatística descritiva; para as comparações entre faixas, ANOVA one way. Para comparar as variáveis cinemáticas, entre os dois grupos conforme o desempenho na execução da primeira sequência do jion kata (Grupo 1: 1ª a 5ª posição, e Grupo 2: 6ª a 10ª posição), adotou-se o teste t Student (não pareado). Para determinar as contribuições das variáveis: a) perfil técnico das atletas sobre o desempenho no kata; b) perfil técnico sobre as variáveis cinemáticas; c) variáveis cinemáticas sobre o desempenho no kata, adotou-se regressão linear múltipla - Stepwise. O intervalo de confiança adotado em todos os casos foi de 95% (p<0,05). Os resultados evidenciaram que: a) as atletas de kata apresentam perfil técnico condizente com o bom resultado desempenhado por elas nas competições; b) as atletas obtiveram um bom desempenho na execução da primeira sequência do jion kata segundo avaliado pelos árbitros; c) as atletas do Grupo 1 foram as mais rápidas nas técnicas shuto age uke, age uke e gyaku-zuki e apresentaram melhor desempenho no ângulo de extensão do cotovelo nas técnicas shuto age uke e gyaku-zuki. A técnica mais rápida foi a shuto age uke; d) as atletas apresentaram bom sincronismo, fluência e simultaneidade no fechamento da execução dos movimentos do membro superior e inferior; e) houve correlação positiva entre o desempenho no kata com o perfil técnico das atletas, e entre o perfil técnico e variáveis cinemáticas; f) Houve influência positiva moderada do perfil técnico sobre o desempenho, e muito forte sobre variáveis cinemáticas. O perfil técnico exerceu forte influência negativa sobre os intervalos de tempo entre técnicas. Conclui-se que as atletas da equipe catarinense apresentam bom desempenho na execução do kata, atingindo nestas condições um platô nas variáveis cinemáticas das técnicas. Pode-se apontar o perfil técnico e os intervalos de tempo entre técnicas como indicadores do desempenho no kata.

The presented diploma thesis deals with the extensive and detailed analysis of versatility of karatekas based on the analysis of the results of the competitions in the National Cup JKA Czech Republic and the Czech Republic Championship JKA ČR in the categories from younger students to senior citizens in the Czech Republic over the past twelve years. The work was created as detailed extension examined shrinking phenomenon, relating to the versatility of karatekas in those competitions, categories and periods in the Czech Republic. Materials relating to the the final location of individual karatekas in those competitions, categories and periods in the Czech Republic were analyzed within the diploma thesis solution. The history philosophy and the meaning of karate are briefly shown in the theoretical part. To understand not only the results of the research part, but the whole work, there is also characterized competition and tournament rules and regulations. The results of the competitions following the versatility of karatekas are analyzed by the valid method in the research part of the diploma thesis, which lies in the tendency to place the medal positions in kata (set of consecutive techniques) and also in kumite (fight of two karate). Recommendations for improving the situation are shown here on...

The theoretical part of my thesis deals with the sport karate training, its components, improving motor skills which are typical for karate and other factors affecting the results of sport training. In the empirical part I find, based on direct interviews with individual representatives, national coaches, difference or similarity of their preparation for the World Championships or European Championships in Karate (Kata men) in their final part of season.

Title: Effect of disciplinary specialization on the body mass distribution in the body of karateka Aim of work: The main aim this thesis os to discover whether the disciplinary specialization effects the body mass distribution on limbs of karateka. Methods: The thesis has an empiric and theorethic character. Data collection is processed by dynamometry, measurement of limb circuits and body mas analyzation by Tanita MC-980. Data evaluation is processed by basic statistic methods. Keywords: Karate, kata, kumite, dynamometry, symetry

Práce je rozdělena do dvou částí. První část se zabývá marketingem, jeho aplikací v hotelnictví a cestovním ruchem 21.století. Druhá, praktická část, mapuje součastnou situaci Hotelu U Kata, jeho charakteristiku a součastný marketingový mix. Práce definuje žádaného klienta a možnosti hotelu jak tuto klientelu získat. V závěru práce je vytvořen nový marketingový mix hotelu. Tento mix vychází z budoucí, tak i současné analýzy konkurence a ze SWOT analýzy.

Samhället förändras med nya utmaningar. Detta skapa behovet för att organisationer ökar takten för att möta förändringen. Det innebär att arbetssätt och standardisering, kan bidrag till verksamhetsutveckling. Uppsatsen därmed undersökte and presenterade resultat som kan hjälpa ledare i olika organisationer att förstå ledarskaps betydelse för ständiga förbättringar både internt och med andra organisationer. Studien som genomfördes på LBS Kreativa gymnasiet med intervju, enkät, observation och dokumentanalys som datainsamlingsverktyg, visade att skolan/organisationen, med hjälp av relations-baserat ledarskap, arbetar med transparens och öppenhet. Detta arbetssätt har bidragit till en förändrade arbetskultur och dokumenterade organisationens arbete med ständiga förbättringar. I fortsättningsvis, visade sig att lärarna, vårdnadshavare och leverantör är nöjda. Resultat visade också att samarbetet mellan skolan och sin leverantör inte var en återkommande punkt i skolans systematiska kvalitetsarbeten / The changes experienced in society presents challenges that demands for reciprocal approach on continuous improvement within organizations. This entails fashioning work ways and standards that can adapt to these changes; a task that leaders or prospective leaders should be conversant with. Thus, this study investigates and present results that could assist leaders in understanding the importance of their engagement in continuous improvement as well as the relationship with partners. Investigation through means of interview, survey, observation and documents analysis were conducted at LBS Creative Senior High School (LBS Kreativa Gymnasiet). The research presented description of how the school through its various leaders work consistently with improving the school and its students. The result showed that the school, through relational leadership perspective operates with transparency, openness and the engagement of teaching and non-teaching staffs, which have enabled the transformation of work-culture to one that is consistence with improvement. The result also showed that the transformation has contributed to satisfaction as experienced by teachers, parents/guardians and partners, however partnership with companies was based on an order-deliver relationship and thus was not necessary to be part of the school’s continuous improvement plan. / <p>2018-06-27</p>

Les préverbes a)na- et kata- sont souvent considérés comme un couple complémentaire, parce qu’avec des verbes de déplacement a)na- marque un mouvement vers le haut et kata- un mouvement vers le bas. Ces deux préverbes ont pourtant eu des emplois très variés qui dépassent largement l’emploi spatial.L’étude des composés présents dans les oeuvres d’Homère, Hésiode et Hérodote permet d’identifier les connotations essentielles associées à ces préverbes dès les premiers textes. A défaut de pouvoir identifier une Urbedeutung, il est possible de comprendre comment le sens de ces préverbes a évolué d’un sens concret vers des emplois plus abstraits. L’étude successive de ces deux composés, en établissant des catégories de significations parmi les verbes, nous per-met découvrir un certain nombre de sèmes qui semblent constitutifs de chacun des deux préverbes. Cela nous montre que le préverbe a)na- est surtout associé à des verbes de mouvement, alors que le préverbe kata- est davantage lié à des verbes statifs ou qui évoquent un processus de destruction.La question de la valeur aspectuelle de ces préverbes est aussi un élément fondamental. L’étude de ces deux préverbes permet de comprendre comment ils ont pu tous les deux acquérir une valeur aspectuelle pour souligner notamment l’accomplissement du procès. Cependant, on constate qu’ils ne correspondent pas au même accomplissement, puisqu’a)na- dénote un accomplissement créatif, tandis que kata- souligne le plus souvent l’accomplissement d’un processus de disparition. / The preverbs a)na- et kata- are usually considered as a couple, because for motion verbs a)na- bears an up motion and kata- a down motion. These two preverbs have nevertheless been employed variously and more widely than for merely spatial indications.Studying the compound verbs of the works of Homer, Hesiod and Herodotus allows us to identify the essential conno-tations linked to these preverbs since early literature. Even if we cannot find the Urbedeutung, it’s possible to unders-tand how the meaning of these preverbs has progressed from a concret meaning to an abstract. The ordered investiga-tion of these compound verbs, by distinguishing the different categories of meaning, help us discover some semantic classes which seem to be essential for each preverb. Thus we see that the preverb a)na- is mostly linked to motion verbs, whereas the preverb kata- is more combined with stative verbs or verbs which discribe a disappearance.The question of aspect for the preverbs is also fundamental. The study of these two preverbs allows us to understand how they could, both of them, own an aspectual value to emphazise the process accomplishment. But we can see that it’s not the same accomplishment, since a)na- indicates a creative accomplishment, while kata- most often highlights the accomplishment of a dying process.

Detta examensarbete utgör den avslutande delen i högskoleingenjörsprogrammet inom maskinteknik på Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan med inriktningen industriell ekonomi och produktion och bedrevs i samarbete med Skanska Sverige AB. Studien undersöker hur Lean kan användas för effektivisering av armeringsprocessen av en stödmur genom att tillämpa Kata-metodiken adapterad för byggindustrins kontext. Det huvudsakliga målet med studien var att undersöka hur kostnadsbesparingar skulle kunna uppnås med hjälp av processförbättringar som minskar ledtiden för armeringsprocessen genom att ta fram ett måltillstånd för hur systemet bör fungera i framtiden. För att nå fram till målet med examensarbetet används en anpassad förbättringsmodell, Skanska Process Improvement (SPI) som steg-för-steg visar hur processförbättringar kan uppnås med hjälp av Lean-principer som exempelvis Genchi Gembutsu och PDCA. Vid genomförandet av studien har datainsamling till största del skett genom att följa yrkesarbetarna ute på arbetsplatsen under fem arbetsdagar vid progressionen av armeringsprocessen, vilket har genererat flertalet tidsadderande observationer. Tre måltillstånd har därefter tagits fram med syftet att eliminera avvikelserna varefter ett av måltillstånden valdes ut som lämpligast att bearbeta först, vilken är att implementera en standardiserad monteringsanvisning för armeringsprocessen. I ett längre perspektiv skulle SPI-modellen kunnat tillämpas för att förbättra helt andra byggprocesser som till exempel formsättning eller gjutning. För fortsatta studier skulle måltillståndet behöva omsättas i verkligheten genom utförandet av de PDCA-experiment som har förberetts i examensarbetet och med vägledning av SPI-modellen. / This bachelor thesis is the final part of the university engineering program in mechanical engineering at the Royal Institute of Technology with a focus on industrial economics and production and was conducted in collaboration with Skanska Sverige AB. The study examines how Lean can be used to streamline the reinforcement process of a retaining wall by applying the Kata methodology adapted to the context of the construction industry. The main goal of the study was to investigate how cost savings could be achieved with the help of process improvements that reduce the lead time for the reinforcement process by developing a target condition for how the system should work in the future. To achieve the goal of the bachelor thesis, a customized improvement model is used, Skanska Process Improvement (SPI), which step-by-step shows how process improvements can be achieved with the help of Lean principles such as Genchi Gembutsu and PDCA. In conducting the study, data collection has largely taken place by following the construction workers out in the workplace for five working days during the progression of the reinforcement process, which has generated several time-adding observations. Three target conditions have subsequently been developed with the aim of eliminating the deviations, after which one of the target conditions was selected as most suitable to process first, which is to implement a standardized assembly instruction for the reinforcement process. In a longer perspective, the SPI model could be applied to improve completely different construction processes such as formwork or casting. For further studies, the target condition would need to be tested in real world performing the PDCA experiments that have been prepared in the bachelor thesis and with guidance from the SPI model.