Submitted by Anelise Milech (anelisemilech@gmail.com) on 2017-02-14T12:41:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Victor Edgar Pitzer Neto.pdf: 1437419 bytes, checksum: 1ac59adfb4d6299a5aa8424d7c90ab0d (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-02-16T20:41:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Victor Edgar Pitzer Neto.pdf: 1437419 bytes, checksum: 1ac59adfb4d6299a5aa8424d7c90ab0d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-02-16T20:42:51Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Victor Edgar Pitzer Neto.pdf: 1437419 bytes, checksum: 1ac59adfb4d6299a5aa8424d7c90ab0d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-16T20:43:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Victor Edgar Pitzer Neto.pdf: 1437419 bytes, checksum: 1ac59adfb4d6299a5aa8424d7c90ab0d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-05-22 / Sem bolsa / Nos últimos anos a população idosa tem aumentado gradativamente, projeções mostram que é o grupo etário de crescimento mais rápido. Essa expansão da expectativa de vida está muitas vezes associado à iminuição da capacidade de andar e redução da estabilidade postural, que podem resultar em lesões frequentes. As alterações advindas com a idade afetam de forma negativa o equilíbrio e a marcha, devido à iminuição da força e da massa muscular. Idosos em geral adotam um padrão de marcha mais conservador, ou seja, andam mais devagar, com assos mais curtos, alterando parâmetros têmporo-espaciais, como omprimento e velocidade do passo. A atividade física (AF) pode minimizar as perdas ecorrentes do avançar da idade, o nível de atividade física e um fator influenciador na marcha dos idosos. A fim de entender os benefícios relacionados à atividade física na marcha dos idosos, esse trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar a cinemática da marcha de idosos ativos, insuficientemente ativos e inativos através de fotogrametria computadorizada. O Presente estudo é caracterizado por er quantitativo, exploratório, de delineameamento transversal, a amostra será de 60 dosos divididos em grupos de 20, quanto ao seu nível de atividade física. Foram inseridos no grupo de idosos ativos aqueles que praticavam 150 minutos ou mais de atividade física (AF) semanal e no grupo nsuficientemente ativo idosos ntre 10 e 149 minutos semanais de AF. Para seleção dos idosos que fizeram parte do grupo inativo utilizou-se uma estratégia de pareamento por vizinhança, gênero e idade, tendo como referência o grupo de idosos ativos. Assim como nos demais rupos, os idosos pertencentes ao grupo inativo foram caracterizados após aplicação do IPAQ domínio atividade física no lazer. / In recent years the elderly population has gradually increased, projections how that it is the fastest growing age group. This increase in life expectancy is often associated with decreased ability to walk and ecreased postural stability, which may result in frequent injuries. The hanges that come with age negatively affect balance and gait due to reduced strength and muscle mass. Elderly in general adopt a more conservative gait pattern, or move more slowly with shorter steps by hanging temporal and spatial parameters, such as length and velocity. Physical activity (PA) can minimize losses triggered by advanced age and the level of physical activity is an influential factor in older people’s gait. In order to recognize the benefits related to physical activity in elderly gait, this study aims to analyze the gait kinematics of active, insufficiently ctive and inactive seniors through computerized photogrammetry. The present tudy is characterized as quantitative, exploratory and a cross sectional layout, the sample will be 60 seniors divided into groups of 20 according to their level of physical activity. In the active seniors ups were the individuals who practiced 150 minutes or more of weekly physical activity (PA) and in the insufficiently active group between 10 and 149 minutes per week of physical activity. For the selection of seniors who participated in the inactive group a strategy of pairing by neighborhood, age and gender was used having as reference the group of active seniors. Like other groups, the elderly belonging to the inactive group were characterized after applying IPAQ leisure physical activity domain.

Parce que la robotique collaborative vise à libérer les robots des barrières physiques les séparant des opérateurs humains, de nouveaux défis apparaissent autour de la sécurité de ces derniers. S'il est possible de diminuer la dangerosité des robots en amont de leur conception, les logiciels qui les contrôlent doivent impérativement intégrer des mesures de sécurité, afin d'être compatibles avec des environnements humains dynamiques. Les algorithmes classiques de planification de trajectoire nécessitant de lourds calculs, il est avantageux de modifier la trajectoire en temps réel pour l'adapter à l'environnement dangereux. Dans ce projet de recherche, un algorithme de cinématique inverse, sous forme de problème d'optimisation, est utilisé afin de générer la commande du robot à partir d'une trajectoire définie hors-ligne. L'ajout de contraintes de sécurité à ce problème est particulièrement étudié : dans un premier temps, l'indice de manipulabilité, qui traduit la distance du robot à une configuration singulière, est considéré. Ainsi, il doit être maximisé tout au long de la trajectoire afin d'assurer la meilleure mobilité disponible. Dans un deuxième temps, le facteur humain a été intégré par la prise en compte du confort de celui-ci : afin de réduire le stress éprouvé par l'opérateur face à un robot aux mouvements imprévisibles, on s'assure de minimiser la distance entre l'effecteur et le regard de l'humain pour garantir une plus grande visibilité de la tâche. Dans les deux cas, nous avons présenté une formulation originale de ces critères afin de les intégrer dans le problème d'optimisation. Par ailleurs la contrainte d'évitement d'obstacles a aussi été utilisée, de même que la relaxation de la trajectoire, qui permet au robot de dévier un peu de cette dernière pendant une portion de la durée de la tâche. Enfin des tests en simulation et avec le robot réel Baxter de Rethink Robotics ont permis de valider notre approche et de vérifier les performances en conditions réelles, en utilisant une caméra RGB-D et un logiciel de détection d'humain en temps réel. / Abstract : Because collaborative robots are aimed at working in the vicinity of human workers without physical security fences, they bring new challenges about security. Even if robots can be conceived to be less harmful, their software has to integrate security features in order to be suitable for dynamic human environments. Since classical path planning algorithms require heavy calculations, it is interesting to modify the trajectory in real time to adapt it to the dangerous environment. In this research project, an inverse kinematics solver, in the form of an optimization problem, is used to generate the command of the robot to follow a trajectory defined offline. The addition of security constraints is studied: first, the manipulability index, which reflects the distance of the robot to singular configurations, is considered. Thus, it should be maximized all along the trajectory to ensure the best mobility available. Then the human is integrated by taking into account its comfort: in order to reduce the stress of working near an unpredictable moving robot, the distance between the end-effector and the human gaze is minimized to guarantee a greater visibility of the task. In both cases, we have presented a new formulation of those criteria to integrate them into the optimization problem. Moreover, the collision avoidance constraint is used, as well as the trajectory relaxation, which allows the robot to deviate from its trajectory for a certain amount of time during the task. Finally tests in simulation and with the real Baxter robot from Rethink Robotics validated our approach and the performance has been evaluated in real conditions, using a RGB-D camera and a real time human tracker software.

This dissertation presents new concepts and methodology in designing shape-morphing structures using bistable elements. Developed using the Pseudo-Rigid-Body Model (PRBM), linear bistable compliant mechanism elements produce predictable and controllable length changes. Step-by-step design procedures are developed to guide the design process of these bistable elements. Two different examples of Shape-Morphing Space Frames (SMSFs) were designed and prototyped utilizing the bistable linear elements in a single-layer grid, in addition to flexures and rigid links, to morph a cylindrical space frame into both a hyperbolic and a spherical space frame. Moreover, bistable unit-cell compliant-mechanism elements were also developed to morph a compact structure from a specific initial shape to a final specific shape. The detailed design of those unit cells were done using Computer-aided design (CAD) software following a novel design procedure to transform a one-degree-of-freedom mechanism into a structure with sufficient compliance within its links to toggle between two chosen stable positions. Two different design examples were investigated in this research and prototyped to demonstrate the ability to morph disks into a hemisphere or a sphere with the structure being stable in both states (disk and sphere).

Etre capable de marcher sans ressentir de douleur, fatigue ou autres altérations est considéré comme une priorité pour les activités quotidiennes et est étroitement lié à la qualité de vie de chacun. De nombreuses atteintes du système neuro-musculo-squelettique peuvent engendrer des altérations de la marche. Une compréhension précise de ces altérations est nécessaire pour optimiser les stratégies thérapeutiques. Parmi ces atteintes, la rétraction musculaire est l'une des plus fréquentes. Elle correspond à un raccourcissement permanent du complexe musculotendineux limitant ainsi la mobilité des articulations. Elle est impliquée dans de nombreuses pathologies (paralysie cérébrale, hémiplégie, pieds bots, brûlures, etc.) L'objectif global de ce travail de thèse était d'étudier les effets des rétractions sur la marche humaine. Pour cela, un dispositif permettant d'émuler des rétractions a été mis en place et évalué. Ce dispositif est composé d'un exosquelette et de cordes permettant de limiter les amplitudes articulaires, simulant ainsi la rétraction des principaux muscles des membres inférieurs atteints par cette pathologie. Grâce à ce dispositif, l'effet des rétractions des muscles a été analysé. Des rétractions isolées ont été émulées sur 35 participants unilatéralement et bilatéralement et une analyse quantifiée de la marche a été réalisée. Les patterns cinématiques obtenus sur chaque articulation ont été ensuite utilisés pour analyser les liens entre altérations de marche et rétractions musculaires. Il a été montré que la rétraction des gastrocnemius peut provoquer un pattern de marche genoux fléchis, alors qu'une rétraction du soleus montre peu de modifications de la cinématique du genou. De plus, le lien entre la sévérité de la rétraction des gastrocnemius / soleus et la progression de la marche digitigrade (augmentation de la flexion plantaire pendant la marche) n'est pas linéaire. La marche «genoux fléchis» peut être causée par les rétractions des ilio-psoas, ischio-jambiers et gastrocnemius. Des patterns cinématiques particuliers ont été identifiées en lien avec les muscles responsables de la marche «genoux fléchis». Il a été également montré que les rétractions des muscles du membre inférieur ont des effets importants spécifiques sur la position moyenne du tronc et du bassin dans le plan sagittal. Derrière son objectif scientifique, les résultats obtenus dans ce projet ont le potentiel d'améliorer le choix des stratégies de traitement et donc d'avoir un impact sur la qualité de vie des patients / Preserving or restoring the ability to walk without pain, fatigue or any gait alterations is considered a priority for activities of daily living and is closely related to quality of life. Numerous alterations of the neuro-musculo-skeletal system lead to gait deviations. To treat these alterations, a precise understanding of gait deviations is required. For patients with gait disorders, instrumented gait analysis can be performed to measure precisely the gait deviations. Among the varied causes of gait alterations, one of the most frequent is contractures that affect numerous pathologies. It corresponds to a permanent shortening of a musculo-tendinous complex limiting the mobility of the joints. It is involved in many pathologies (cerebral palsy, stroke, clubfoot, burns, etc.) The global objective of this thesis was to study the effects of contractures on human walking. For this purpose, a device for emulating contractures has been built and evaluated. This device consists of an exoskeleton and ropes to limit joint range of motion of the major lower limb muscles affected by contractures. With this device, the effect of contractures of the musculo-tendinous complex was analysed. Isolated contractures were emulated on 36 participants unilaterally and bilaterally and an instrumented gait analysis was performed. The kinematic patterns obtained for each joint were then used to link kinematic gait alterations with muscle contractures. It has been shown that contracture of gastrocnemius can cause a knee flexion pattern, while a contracture of the soleus shows moderate changes in knee kinematics. Moreover, the relationship between the level of contracture of gastrocnemius / soleus and the progression of the equinus gait (increase in plantar flexion during walking) is not linear. «Knee flexion» gait pattern may be caused by the contractures of the iliopsoas, hamstrings and gastrocnemius. Particular kinematic patterns have been identified in relation to the muscles responsible to the «knee flexion» gait pattern. It has also been shown that retractions of the muscles of the lower limb have important specific effects on the mean position of the trunk and pelvis in the sagittal plane. Behind the scientific objective, the results of this project have the potential to improve the choice of treatment strategies and therefore to have an impact on patient’s quality of life

We present two-dimensional (2D) maps for emission-line fluxes and ratios and kinematics for the central regions of the Seyfert galaxies NGC 4501 and NGC 3982, from optical spectra obtained with the GMOS (Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph) Integral Field Unit (IFU) at the Gemini North telescope at a spatial resolution of ≈ 50 pc for NGC4501 and ≈30 pc for NGC 3982. This maps were constructed from by fitting the emission-line profiles of Ha, [N II] ll6548,6583, [S II] ll6716,6730 e [O I] l63000 by Gaussian curves. For NGC 4501, we have also obtained measurements for the stellar kinematics by fitting the Na I l5897 °A absorption by stellar templates, using the pPXF method. Such measurements were not possible for NGC3982, due to the nondetection of absorption lines with signal-to-noise ration high enough. NGC 4501 presents extended-line emission to up to 5′′ from the nucleus with flux peak seen at the nucleus. NGC3982 also presents the emission peak at the nucleus for all lines, however it presents emission over the field of view (7′′ × 15′′). A ring of H II regions is observed in the Ha emission with a radius of 5′′ from the nucleus for this galaxy. The gas velocity fields for both galaxies present rotation pattern, being well represented by a kinematic model of rotating disk with circular orbits in the plane of the galaxy. The highest residuals (observed velocities − model) present correlations with dust structures, which can be interpreted as inflows towards the nucleus. The stellar velocity dispersion of the bulge of NGC 4501 is s⋆=150±30 kms−1, resulting in a black hole mass of MBH=3+5 −2 ×107M⊙ based on the M − s relationship. The velocity dispersion map for NGC4501 show values ranging from 50 to 150 kms−1 for the forbidden lines, while the Ha maps shows overall smaller values, with s < 100 kms−1 at all locations. The highest s values for all emission lines are observed at 2-3′′ northeast from the nucleus for NGC 4501, being co-spatial with a distortion seen in the velocity field. In NGC 3982 observed s values ranging 50 to 150 kms−1, with the highest values observed at 1′′ east from the nucleus. The electron density maps obtained from the [S II] l 6716/l6730 line ratio shows values between 100 cm−3 the nucleus to 900 cm−3 in a ring with radius 1′′ for NGC 4501 and values reaching 100 cm−3 to 3000 cm−3 for NGC 3982. / Apresentamos mapas bidimensionais (2D) para fluxos e razões de linhas de emissão e para cinemática do gás da região central das galáxias Seyferts NGC 4501 e NGC3982 a partir de espectros ópticos obtidos com a unidade de campo integral do instrumento GMOS (Gemini Multi Object Spectrograph) no telescópio Gemini Norte, com resolução espacial de ≈50 pc para NGC4501 e ≈30 pc para NGC3982. Estes mapas foram construídos a partir do ajuste de Gaussianas aos perfis das linhas de emissão de Ha, [N II] ll6548,6583, [S II] ll6716,6730 e [O I] l6300. Para NGC4501, obtivemos ainda medidas da cinemática estelar a partir do ajuste da absorção do Na I l5897 °A por templates estelares. Tais medidas não foram possíveis para NGC3982, pois não foram detectadas linhas de absorção com razão sinal ruido suficientemente alto. NGC4501 apresenta emissão estendida até 5′′ do núcleo, com pico de fluxo observado na posição nuclear. NGC3982 também apresenta pico de emissão no núcleo para todas as linhas, porém apresenta emissão em todo o campo observado (7′′ ×15′′). Observa-se um anel de regiões H II a 5′′ do núcleo para esta galáxia. Os campos de velocidades do gás para ambas as galáxias apresentam um padrão de rotação, sendo bem representados por um modelo cinemático para um disco em rotação com órbitas circulares. O mapa de resíduos (velocidades observadas − modelo) mostra correlações com estruturas de poeira, que sugerem inflows de gás em direção ao núcleo das galáxias. A dispersão e velocidade estelar para o bojo de NGC 4501 é s⋆=150±30 kms−1, que resulta em uma massa para o buraco negro supermassivo de MBH=3+5−2 ×107M⊙ utilizando a relação M − s. Os mapas de dispersão de velocidades (s) para NGC 4501 mostram valores de 50 a 150 kms−1 para linhas proibidas, enquanto que Ha apresenta valores menores, com s < 100 kms−1 em todo o campo. Os maiores valores de s para todas as linhas de emissão são observados a 2-3′′ a nordeste do núcleo, sendo co-espacial com uma distorção vista no campo de velocidades. Em NGC3982 observam-se valores de s entre 50 a 150 kms−1, com os maiores valores observados a 1′′ a leste do núcleo. Os mapas de densidades eletrônica obtidos da razão de linhas do [S II] l 6716/l6730 mostram valores entre 100 cm−3 no n´ucleo e 900 cm−3 em um anel com raio de 1′′ ao redor do núcleo para NGC4501 e valores entre 100 cm−3 e 3000 cm−3 para NGC 3982. Estes valores são comparáveis aos obtidos para outras galáxias ativas.

Today represents vibration analysis an inseparable part of the product design, especially aeronautical components, machine tools etc. One of the vibration analysis methods is the so-called modal analysis, which determines the modal parameters of the researched structure. This paper deals with a comparison of two commonly used approaches, namely „Single Input Multiple Output“ (SIMO) and „Multiple Input Multiple Output“ analysis (MIMO). A MIMO procedure of measurement is developed and discussed. Both analyses are executed by the same conditions on the milling machine based on parallel kinematics in order to objective comparison. The results show that the choice of the so-called reference points is very important. In case both references are appropriately selected, the MIMO analysis gives better results that the SIMO one.

This dissertation focuses on the investigation and development of an effective prosthetic training and rehabilitation platform with the use of virtual reality to facilitate an effective process to return amputees to the highest level of independence and functioning possible. It has been reported that approximately 10 million people live with a limb loss worldwide, with around 30% being an upper-extremity amputee. The sudden loss of a hand or arm causes the loss of fine, coordinated movements, reduced joint range of motion (ROM), proprioceptive feedback and aesthetic appearance, all which can be improved with the use of a prosthesis and proper training. Current literature has shown prosthetic devices to provide limited function to users in a variety of areas including hand operation, functionality and usability, all which could be improved with proper rehabilitation and training. It has been exhibited that a large percentage of amputees abandon or reject prosthesis use mostly due to limited function and lack of training or knowledge of the device. It has been reported that untrained amputees will adjust their body in an awkward or compensatory body motion rather than repositioning a joint position while performing a task with a prosthetic device. This causes misuse and improper function that has been shown to lead to significant injuries. An effective prosthetic training and rehabilitation regime would be advantageous in returning the patient to the highest level of independence and functioning possible, with proper use of their prosthetic device. A successful training and rehabilitation program would allow an amputee to improve their ability to perform with optimal motion and use all prosthetic control capabilities. This dissertation describes the development of a stick figure model of the user’s motion in real-time and a character avatar animating the individualized optimal goal motions. The real-time model directly corresponds to the user’s motion, with the option to have the character avatar simultaneously animating an optimal goal motion for the user to follow. These were implemented into the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation Environment (CAREN) system (Motek Medical, Amsterdam, Netherlands) to provide real-time visual feedback to the users while performing specified training and rehabilitating tasks. A ten camera Vicon (Oxford, UK) optical motion captured system was used with the CAREN system capabilities to track body and upper extremity prosthetic segments during range of motion (ROM), activities of daily living (ADL), and return to duty (RTD) tasks, with and without the use of the virtual reality visual feedback. Data was collected on five able-bodied subjects and five subjects with a unilateral transradial amputation using their personal prosthetic device. Through investigation and development, a preferred and effective way to display the visualization of the real-time and optimal models were revealed. Testing the subjects with and without the virtual reality visualization, exhibited the effectiveness of providing visual feedback. Results showed subject’s to have improved positing, movement symmetry, joint range of motion, motivation, and overall an improved performance of the series of tasks tested. With the integration of the optimal model visualization, real-time visual feedback, and additional CAREN system capabilities, upper-extremity training and rehabilitation techniques were shown to enhance with the use of virtual reality, through improved task performance, and functional advances. The results of this dissertation introduce an alternative means for clinicians to consider for effectively rehabilitating and training upper-limb amputees. Findings of this dissertation sought to provide useful guidelines and recommendation to aid in the development of a small-scale adaptable option for rehabilitation practitioners and at home use. The techniques investigated in this study could also be applicable for lower-limb amputee, post-stroke, traumatic brain injury, poly-trauma, and other patients with physically limiting disabilities. The techniques investigated in this study are expected to aid in the development of training and rehabilitation procedures for a variety of patient populations, to enhance the effectiveness and assist in improving the overall quality of life of others.

We present proper motion measurements of 37 jets and HH objects in the Carina Nebula measured in two epochs of H alpha images obtained similar to 10 yr apart with Hubble Space Telescope/Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS). Transverse velocities in all but one jet are faster than greater than or similar to 25 km s(-1), confirming that the jet-like H alpha features identified in the first epoch images trace outflowing gas. Proper motions constrain the location of the jet-driving source and provide kinematic confirmation of the intermediate-mass protostars that we identify for 20/37 jets. Jet velocities do not correlate with the estimated protostar mass and embedded driving sources do not have slower jets. Instead, transverse velocities (median similar to 75 km s(-1)) are similar to those in jets from low-mass stars. Assuming a constant velocity since launch, we compute jet dynamical ages (median similar to 10(4) yr). If continuous emission from inner jets traces the duration of the most recent accretion bursts, then these episodes are sustained longer (median similar to 700 yr) than the typical decay time of an FU Orionis outburst. These jets can carry appreciable momentum that may be injected into the surrounding environment. The resulting outflow force, dp/dt, lies between that measured in low- and high-mass sources, despite the very different observational tracers used. Smooth scaling of the outflow force argues for a common physical process underlying outflows from protostars of all masses. This latest kinematic result adds to a growing body of evidence that intermediate-mass star formation proceeds like a scaled-up version of the formation of low-mass stars.

Bibliographic identification DINDA, Ondřej. Kinematic analysis of patients wiht femoroacetabular impingement syndrome. Prague: Charles University, 2nd Faculty of medicine, Department of Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, 2017. 82 pages. Supervisor: Mgr. Petra Valouchová, Ph.D. Abstract The purpose of this master thesis was to find out, if there are objective changes in biomechanics of the gait and upstairs gait by objectives with diagnosed femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and by healthy objectives. The data were acquired using kinematic analysis Qualisys and processed using software Qualisys track manager and Visual3D. The subject of research was the range of motion in hip joint in frontal and sagittal plane, than the movement of pelvis in frontal plane, movement of pelvis against thorax in transversal plane and deviation of the axis of spine in frontal plane. These parameters were documented using angular deviation of the segments, deviation of the segments in the plane or shifting of the markers in coordinate system. The conclusions were than statistically evaluated. There were 20 objects with diagnosed femoroacetabular impingement syndrome in the age from 23 to 47 years of age included in the study. In the gait research, a significant difference in angular deviation of the pelvis against thorax in...

The Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE), one of the programs in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III), has now completed its systematic, homogeneous spectroscopic survey sampling all major populations of the Milky Way. After a three-year observing campaign on the Sloan 2.5 m Telescope, APOGEE has collected a half million high-resolution (R similar to 22,500), high signal-to-noise ratio (>100), infrared (1.51-1.70 mu m) spectra for 146,000 stars, with time series information via repeat visits to most of these stars. This paper describes the motivations for the survey and its overall design-hardware, field placement, target selection, operations-and gives an overview of these aspects as well as the data reduction, analysis, and products. An index is also given to the complement of technical papers that describe various critical survey components in detail. Finally, we discuss the achieved survey performance and illustrate the variety of potential uses of the data products by way of a number of science demonstrations, which span from time series analysis of stellar spectral variations and radial velocity variations from stellar companions, to spatial maps of kinematics, metallicity, and abundance patterns across the Galaxy and as a function of age, to new views of the interstellar medium, the chemistry of star clusters, and the discovery of rare stellar species. As part of SDSS-III Data Release 12 and later releases, all of the APOGEE data products are publicly available.